踝關節結核英語怎麼說及英文翻譯
1. 踝關節結核的檢查
1.實驗室檢查
在疾病活動期，血沉多增快，白細胞計數正常或稍多，常有輕度貧血，膿液培養在未經治療者，結核菌陽性率為70%左右，滑液培養陽性率為40%左右，聚合酶鏈反應（PCR）技術的應用對骨關節結核的診斷有很大幫助。病理檢查常發現典型病變。
2.其他輔助檢查
（1）X線檢查 單純性滑膜結核在X線片上表現為骨質疏鬆與軟組織腫脹陰影，單純性骨結核則表現為囊性溶骨性改變或毛玻璃樣改變，其間死骨並不多見。發展至全關節結核時則表現為進行性關節間隙變窄及不對稱，並可看到邊緣性骨破壞。隨著病變發展，骨破壞加劇，軟骨下骨皮質消失，至後期，踝關節毀損明顯，但極少發生骨性強直。除非有繼發感染存在，一般不會出現骨硬化表現。
（2）CT檢查 在單純性滑膜結核可以看到關節腔內積液，積液大都在踝關節的前方與後方跟腱的兩側；單純性骨結核可以在相應部位有溶骨性改變，死骨形成及病灶附近的寒性膿腫。
（3）MRI檢查 可早期發現病變，表現為骨松質炎性浸潤異常陰影，通常在關節的兩側骨端均有相似的變化。
2. 求一篇關於醫生護士病人的對話，要求用英語，單詞80詞以內
Last night I suffered from insomnia
昨晚我失眠了。
I tried some sleeping pills, but they have done nothing for me
我服了些安眠葯， 但沒有起什麼作用。
I 『m afraid I』ve got a temperature
恐怕我有點發燒。
I』ve got a running nose
我在流鼻涕。
I keep feeling dizzy
我老覺得頭暈。
I seem to have pain all over
我感到渾身都在痛。
I』m aching all over
我渾身都在痛。
I』m having some trouble sleeping
我的睡眠不好。
I』m running a fever
我在發燒。
I』m running a temperature
我在發燒。
The trouble began yesterday
病是昨天開始的。
I feel numb in my right arm
我覺得右臂麻木。
對話5：患流行性感冒
Dialogue Five：Suffer from influenza
醫生：早上好。你哪裡不舒服？
Doctor: Good morning. What』s troubling you?
病人：你好，大夫。我頭疼得厲害。
Patient: Good morning, doctor. I have a terrible headache.
醫生：別著急，小夥子，告訴我怎麼回事。
Doctor: All right, young man. Tell me how it got started.
病人：昨天我老流鼻涕。現在有點鼻塞。喉嚨很痛。恐怕還伴有高燒。感覺糟透了。
Patient: Yesterday I had a running nose. Now my nose is stuffed up. I have a sore throat. And I』m afraid I』ve got a temperature. I feel terrible.
醫生：小夥子，別擔心。讓我給你檢查一下。我先看看你的喉嚨。張開嘴說「啊」。
Doctor: Done worry, young man. Let me give you an examination. First let me take a look at your throat. Open your mouth and say 「ah」.
病人：啊。
Patient: Ah.
醫生：很好。把你的舌頭伸出來。好的。接下來讓我檢查以下你的胸膛。把襯衫的扣子解開。讓我檢查你的心和肺。深呼吸，屏住氣。吸氣，呼氣。順便問一下，你曾經患過肺結核嗎？
Doctor: Good. Now put your tongue out. All right, let me examine your chest. Please unbutton your shirt. Let me check your heart and lungs. Take a deep breath and hold it. Breathe in, and out. By the way, do you have a history of tuberculosis?
病人：沒有，從來沒有。
Patient: No，definitely not.
醫生：聽著，你的喉嚨發炎了。舌苔很厚。這些都是感冒的症狀。
Doctor: Look, your throat is inflamed. And your tongue is thickly coated. You have all the symptoms of influenza.
病人：那我該怎麼做呢？
Patient: What am I supposed to do then?
醫生：你需要好好休息。多喝水。我馬上給你開葯方。
Doctor: A good rest is all you need, and drink more water. I』ll write you a prescription。
病人：謝謝。
Patient: Thank you very much.
醫生：不客氣。記住好好休息。
Doctor: That』s all right. Remember to take a good rest. .
病人：我會的。再見，大夫。
Patient: I will. Goodbye, doctor.
醫生：再見！
Doctor: Bye!
單詞
Words
temperature n. 溫度，高燒
examination n. 檢查，體檢
chest n. 胸部，胸膛
unbutton vt 解開扣子
lung n. 肺
tuberculosis n. 肺結核
definitely adv 確定地，肯定地
inflame v. 發炎
symptom n. 症狀
influenza n. 流行感冒
prescription n. 葯方
短語
Phrases
have a running nose 流鼻涕
a sore throat 喉嚨發痛
get a temperature 發高燒
take a look at 檢查
take a deep breath 深呼吸
be supposed to 應該
write sb a prescription 給某人開葯方
句子
Sentence Structures
What』s troubling you? 你哪裡不舒服？
Now my nose is stuffed up. 現在有點鼻塞。
By the way, do you have a history of tuberculosis?
順便問一下，你曾經患過肺結核嗎？
相關單詞
Related words
cold 感冒
sunstroke 中風
flu 流行性感冒
fever 發燒
cough 咳嗽
bronchitis 支氣管炎
tracheitis 氣管炎
pertusis 百日咳
asthma 哮喘
pneumonia 肺炎
tuberculosis 肺結核
hepatitis 肝炎
shiver 打寒戰
相關短語
Related Phrases
fall ill 生病
be ill with 生病
suffer from 患-----病
feel very bad 感到不舒服
vital signs 主要病症
blood pressure 血壓
pulse rate 脈搏
temprature 體溫
rhythm of the heart 心率
early symptom 早期症狀
cardinal symptom 主要症狀
constitutional symptoms 全身症狀
clinic symptom 臨床症狀
run a fever 發高燒
run a temprature 發高燒
feel dizzy 頭昏眼花
be engorged 充血
be short of breath 呼吸急促
feel chilly 發冷
have difficulty in breathing 呼吸困難
have a headache 頭疼
have a sore throat 嗓子疼
have a bad cough 咳嗽得厲害
相關表達方式
Related Expressions (Describing the Illnesses )
I have been like this for about a week.
我這樣大約有一個星期了。
I』ve been feeling a pain here for five days on end
我這兒連續痛了五天。
It has been off and on for a month.
這樣斷斷續續了一個月。
I cough a great deal at night
我晚上咳嗽得厲害。
I don』t feel like eating anything.
我什麼都不想吃。
I have no appetite at all
我一點胃口都沒有。
I feel a bit off color
我感到有點不適。
I feel a pain in my abdomen
我覺得肚子疼。
I feel very fatigued
我覺得很疲乏。
I feel all pooped out
我覺得筋疲力盡。
I feel a little chilly
我感到有點冷。
I feel dizzy and I』ve got no appetite
我覺得頭暈，沒有食慾。
I feel feverish
我覺得有點發燒。
I feel like vomiting
我想吐。
I feel rather sick
我覺得很不舒服。
I feel shivery and I』ve got a sore throat
我覺得寒戰，咽喉痛。
I have a spitting headache
我頭痛得厲害。
病人：早上好，大夫
Patient: Good morning, doctor.
醫生：早上好，哪裡不舒服？
Doctor: good morning. What seems to be the trouble?
病人：最近有點失眠。
Patient: I』m suffering from insomnia.
醫生：這種情況有多久了？
Doctor: How long have you had this problem?
病人：三個月了。
Doctor: Three months.
醫生：服用過什麼葯嗎？
Doctor: Have you take any medicine?
病人：試過安眠葯，但是對我一點兒都不起作用。
Patient: I tried some sleeping pills, but they have done nothing for me.
醫生：有頭痛的情況嗎？
Doctor: Do you have headaches?
病人：有時候有。吃飯也沒有胃口，總是感緊不安。
Patient: Sometimes. I have no appetite and always on the edge.
醫生：讓我量量你的血壓。你看來貧血。
Doctor: Let me take your blood pressure. You look anemic. (Taking the patient』s blood pressure.)
醫生：嗯，沒什麼好擔心的。你只不過是有點勞累過度。
Doctor: Well, there is nothing to be alarmed about. You are just a little exhausted from overwork.
病人：我該怎麼呢？
Patient: What should I do then?
醫生：我想你應該多休息休息。多到戶外活動。不要過度勞累。
Doctor: I think you need more rest. Try to get outdoors more. Don』t strain yourself too much.
病人：謝謝你，大夫。我會照你說的去做。
Patient: Thank you. Doctor. I』ll do as you say.
醫生：拿著，這是給你開的處方。我相信這葯會治好你的失眠症的。
Doctor: Here is the prescription for you. I』m sure the medicine will cure your insomnia.
病人：多謝了。再見！
Patient: Thanks a lot. Bye-bye!
醫生：再見！
Doctor: Bye!
單詞
Words
insomnia n. 失眠症
appetite n. 胃口
pressure n. 壓力，血壓
anemic n. 貧血病
exhausted adj 疲倦，筋疲力盡
overwork n. 過度勞累
outdoors adv 戶外
cure n. vt 治癒，治好
短語
Phrases
suffer from 遭受
sleeping pills 安眠葯
on the edge 緊張不安
take sb』s blood pressure 量血壓
句子
Sentence Patterns
What seems to be the trouble? 哪裡不舒服？
How long have you had this problem? 這種情況有多久了？
I tried some sleeping pills, but they have done nothing for me.
我試過安眠葯，但是對我一點兒都不起作用。
There is nothing to be alarmed about. 沒什麼好擔心的。
Don』t strain yourself too much. 不要過度勞累。
相關單詞
Related Words
arm 手臂
upper arm 上臂
forearm 前臂
elbow 肘
wrist 腕
thumb 大拇指
forefinger 食指
middle finger 中指
third finger 無名指
little finger 小指
palm 手掌
nail 指甲
knuckle 指關節
leg 腿
thigh 大腿
knee 膝蓋
shank 小腿
calf 小腿肚
foot 腳
instep 腳背
toe 腳趾
ankle 踝關節
heel 腳後跟
sole 腳掌
相關短語
Related Phrases
suffer from insomnia 失眠
sleeping pills 安眠葯
get a temperature 發燒
get a running nose 流鼻涕
3. 醫學術語英文縮寫.
acromioclavicular joint 肩鎖關節
air bronchogram 支氣管影像
ankle joint 踝關節
ankylosis of joint 關節強直
arches of foot 足弓
biligrafin 膽影葡胺
bone age 骨齡
bone canaliculi 骨小管
bone cortex 骨皮質
bone deformity 骨骼變形
bone destruction 骨質破壞
bone lacuna 骨陷窩
bone lamella 骨板
bony articular surface 骨關節面
bursa 滑膜囊
calcification 鈣化
carpal bones 腕骨
cavity 空洞
chondral calcification 軟骨鈣化
compact bone and spongy bone 密質骨和松質骨
degeneration of joint 關節退行性變
destruction of joint 關節破壞
diaphysis 骨幹
digital subtraction angiography， DSA 數字減影血管造影
dislocation of joint 關節脫位
al photon absorptiometry， DPA 雙光子吸收法
al X-ray energy absorptiometry， DXA 雙能X線吸收法
elbow joint 肘關節
encapsulated effusion 包裹性積液
end plate 終板
epiphyseal line 骨骺線
epiphyseal plate 骨骺板
epiphysis 骨骺
exudation 滲出
fibrotic lesion 纖維性病變
filling defect 充盈缺損
free pleural effusion 游離性胸腔積液
haemosiderosis 含錢血黃素沉著
Hafersian system 哈弗系統
haversian lamella 哈氏骨板
hilar dance 肺門舞蹈
hip joint 髖關節
hydropneumothorax 液氣胸
hydroxyapatite crystal 羥基磷灰石結晶
hyperostosis/osteosclerosis 骨質增生硬化
intercondyloid eminence 髁間隆起
interlobar effusion 葉間積液
intermediate lamella 骨間板
internal and external circumfereutial lamella 內、外環骨板
interstitial pulmonary oedema 間質性肺水腫
intervertebral disc 椎間盤
intervertebral foramen 椎間孔
intervertenral space 椎間隙
intra-alveolar pulmonary oedema 肺泡性肺水腫
joint 關節
joint capsule 關節囊
joint cartilage 關節軟骨
joint cavity 關節腔
joint space 關節間隙
knee joint 膝關節
lamellar bone 層板骨
left atrial enlargement 左心房增大
left ventricular enlargement 左心室增大
ligament 韌帶
localized pleural effusion 局限性胸腔積液
looser zone 假骨折線
mass 腫塊
mellary space 骨髓腔
metacarpal bones 掌骨
metaphysis 干骺端
metatarsal bones 跖骨
niche 龕影
obstructive atelectasis 阻塞性肺不張
obstructive emphysema 阻塞性肺氣腫
oral cholecystography 口服膽囊造影
ossifcation 骨化
ossification centre 骨化中心
osteoblast 成骨細胞
osteoclast 破骨細胞
osteocyte 骨細胞
osteomalacia 骨質軟化
osteonecrosis 骨質壞死
osteoporosis 骨質疏鬆
periosteal proliferation 骨膜增生
periosteal reaction 骨膜反應
periosteum and intermal periosteum 骨膜和骨內膜
phalanges of fingers 指骨
phalanges of toes 趾骨
pleural thickening，adhesion and calaification 胸膜增厚、粘連及鈣化
pleural tumor 胸膜腫瘤
pneumothorax 氣胸
proliferative lesion 增殖性病變
pulmonary hilar enlargement 肺門增大
pulmonary arterial hypertension 肺動脈高壓
pulmonary arterial pleonaemia 肺充血
pulmonary hypertension 肺高壓
pulmonary oligaemia 肺少血
pulmonary venous hypertension 肺靜脈高壓
pulmonary venous pleonaemia 肺淤血
quantitative computed tomography， QCT 定量CT法
right atrial enlargement 右心房增大
right ventricular enlargement 右心室增大
sequestrum 死骨
shoulder joint 肩關節
soft tissue mass 軟組織腫脹
soft tissue swelling 軟組織腫脹
subpulmonary effusion 肺下積液
swelling of joint 關節腫脹
tarsal bones 跗骨
tibia tuberosity 脛骨粗隆
trabecula 骨小梁
Volkmann canal 福爾克曼管
woven bone 非層板骨
wrist 腕關節
abestosis 石棉肺
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome， AIDS 艾滋病
actinomycosis 放線菌病
acute military tuberculosis 急性粟粒型肺結核
agenesis and hypoplasia of the lung 肺不發育和肺發育不全
allergic pneumonia 過敏性肺炎
aluminum pneumoconiosis 鋁塵肺
amyloidosis of lung 肺澱粉樣變性
angiogram sign 血管造影征
anthracosis 炭黑塵肺
aspergillosis 麴菌病
bronchiectasis 支氣管擴張
bronchogenic cyst 支氣管囊腫
bronchopneumonia 支氣管肺炎
broncho-pulmonary sequestration 支氣管肺隔離症
butterfly sign 蝶翼征
cement pneumoconiosis 水泥塵肺
chronic bronchitis 慢性支氣管炎
chronic pneumonia 慢性肺炎
coalworker pneumoconiosis 煤工塵肺
congenital bronchial cysts 先天性支氣管囊腫
contusion of lung 肺挫傷
cryptococcosis 隱球菌病
cylindrical bronchiectasis 柱狀支擴
dermoid cyst 皮樣囊腫
diaphragmatic eventeration 膈膨升
diaphragmatic hermia 膈疝
electric welder pneumoconiosis 電焊工塵肺
esophageal cyst 食管囊腫
foreign body of chest 胸部異物
foundry worker pneumoconiosis 鑄工塵肺
Goodpasture syndrome 肺-腎綜合征
graphite pneumoconiosis 石墨塵肺
halo sign 暈輪征
hamartoma 錯構瘤
hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis 血行播散型肺結核（Ⅱ型）
Hodgkin lymphoma 霍奇金淋巴瘤
Hodgkin disease， HD 霍奇金病
honeycomb lung 蜂窩狀肺
hydropneumothorax 液氣胸
inflammatory pseudotumor 炎性假瘤
interstitial pneumonia 間質性肺炎
intrathoracic goiter 胸內甲狀腺
kaolin pneumoconiosis 陶工塵肺
Kaposi sarcoma 卡波濟肉瘤
laceration and hematoma of lung 肺撕裂傷與肺血腫
laceration of trachea and bronchus 氣管及支氣管裂傷
lipoma 脂肪瘤
lobar pneumonia 大葉性肺炎
Loffler syndroma 呂弗留綜合征
lung abscess 肺膿腫
lymphangioma 淋巴管瘤
lymphoma 淋巴瘤
mediastinal emphysema 縱隔氣腫
mediastinal hematorma 縱隔血腫
mediastinal tumor 縱隔腫瘤
mediastinitis 縱隔炎
mesothelial cyst 間皮囊腫
mesothelioma of pleura 胸膜間皮瘤
metastatic tumor of pleura 胸膜轉移瘤
mica pneumoconiosis 雲母塵肺
neurogenic neoplasms 神經源性腫瘤
non Hodgkin lymphoma， NHL 非霍奇金淋巴瘤
pleural thickening， adhesion and calcification胸膜肥厚粘連和鈣化
pleuro-peritoneal hiatus hernia 胸腹裂孔疝
pneumocomosis 塵肺
pneumomediastinum 縱隔氣腫
pneumothorax 氣胸
primary complex 原發綜合征
primary tuberculosis 原發性肺結核（Ⅰ型）
pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis 肺泡微石症
pulmonary alveolar proteinosis 肺泡蛋白沉積症
pulmonary arterio-venous fistula 肺動靜脈瘺
pulmonary arterio-venous malformation，PAVM肺動靜脈畸形
pulmonary connective tissue diseases 肺結締組織疾病
pulmonary edema 肺水腫
pulmonary emboli 肺梗塞
pulmonary infarcts 肺梗死
pulmonary sequestration 肺隔離症
pulmonary tuberculosis 肺結核
pyothorax 化膿性胸膜炎
radiation pneumonitis 放射性肺炎
rheumatoid disease of the lung 肺類風濕性病
saccular bronchiectasis 囊狀支擴
sarcoidosis 結節病
secondary pulmonary tuberculosis 繼發性肺結核（Ⅲ型）
seminoma 精原細胞瘤
silicosis 矽肺
staphylococal pneumonia 葡萄球菌肺炎
subacute or chronic hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis亞急性或慢性血行播散型肺結核
systemic lupus erythomatosis， SLE 系統性紅斑狼瘡
talc pneumoconiosis 滑石塵肺
teratoma 畸胎瘤
thymoma 胸腺瘤
tramline sign 軌道征
traumatic diaphragmatic hernia 外傷性隔疝
tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes胸內淋巴結結核
tuberculosis pleuritis 結核性胸膜炎
varicose bronchiectasis 靜脈曲張型支擴
Wegner granuloma 韋格氏肉芽腫
下肢靜脈造影：Lower Vein Angiography
上肢靜脈造影：Upper Vein Angiography
下肢動脈造影：Lower Artery Angiography
上肢動脈造影：Upper Artery Angiography
腦血管造影：Cerebrovascular Angiograhy
主動脈弓胸腹主動脈造影：Aorta Angiography
腎靜脈取血：Kidney Vein Blood Sampling
右心、左心造影：Right and Left Ventricular Angiography
心肌活檢：Myocardiam Centesis and Sampling
冠狀動脈造影：Coronary Arteriography
腔靜脈取血：Vena cava sampling
心導管檢查（微導管同）（進口儀器）：Cardiac catheterization
經皮球囊擴張：Percutaneous balloon dilatating
予激綜合症心內膜檢測：Endocardial investigation of preexcitation syndrome
希氏束電圖：Electrocardiogram of bundle of His
心臟臨時起搏：Cardiac temporary pacing
埋置永久心臟起搏器：Cardioc permanent pacemaker implanting
體肢動脈系統介入治療：Transartery interventional therapy
支氣管動脈介入治療：Bronchus artery interventional therapy
肺動脈介入治療：Pulmonary artery interventional therapy
頭臂動脈介入治療：Brachiocephalic artery interventional therapy
靜脈介入治療：Veinous interventional therapy
冠狀動脈介入治療（球囊成形）：Coronary Artery interventional therapy （balloon angioplasty）
冠狀動脈介入治療（腔內旋磨）：Coronary Artery interventional therapy （rotablating）
冠狀動脈介入治療（腔內支架）：Coronary Artery interventional therapy （stent implantaion）
主動脈介入治療：Aorta interventional therapy
腎動脈介入治療：Renal artery interventional therapy
心臟瓣膜成形術：Heart valvuloplasty
房間隔缺損封堵術：Atrial septal defect closer
室間隔缺損封堵術：Ventricular septal defect closer
動脈導管封堵術：Patent doctus arteriosus closer
冠狀動脈瘺封堵術：Coronary artery fistula closer
冠狀動脈腔內超聲：Intracoronary ultrasound
非冠狀動脈血管內支架置入治療：Stenting therapy of non-coronary artery
經皮清除血管內異物：Transluminal eyewinker clearing
經皮放置靜脈濾器：Transluminal filter implantaion