柯西序列英語怎麼說及英文翻譯
『壹』 柯西序列的簡介
柯西列的定義依賴於距離的定義,所以只有在度量空間(metric space)中柯西列才有意義。在更一般的一致空間(uniform space)中,可以定義更為抽象的柯西濾子(Cauchy filter)和柯西網(Cauchy net)。
一個重要性質是,在完備空間(complete space)中,所有的柯西列都有極限,這就讓人們可以在不求出這個極限(如果存在)的情況下,利用柯西列的判別法則證明該極限是存在的。柯西列在構造具有完備性的代數結構的過程中也有重要價值,如構造實數。
『貳』 實數的構造——學習思考筆記(四)Cauchy序列&陶哲軒《實分析》第五章學習筆記「1」
實數的構造——柯西序列學習筆記
1. 柯西序列的基本概念
- 定義:柯西序列是從有理數出發,通過一系列公式檢驗序列的穩定性,即序列中任意兩個元素的差值在某數值范圍內,表現出特定的穩定性。
- 重要性:柯西序列提供了構建實數的直觀路徑,是實數理論中的核心概念。
2. 柯西序列的穩定性
- [公式]穩定:序列具有特定的穩定性,但受初始極端值影響較大。
- 終極[公式]穩定性:通過摒除序列初始的極端值,更准確地描述序列的極限性質。終極[公式]穩定序列即為柯西序列。
3. 柯西序列的證明
- 證明方法:通過不等式變換尋找滿足條件的N值,以確保序列在任意給定小數下都表現出穩定的特性。
- 關鍵步驟:證實序列的終極[公式]穩定性,這是證明一個序列為柯西序列的關鍵。
4. 柯西序列與有界序列的聯系
- 有限序列:有限序列的邊界直觀,且始終有界。
- 無限序列:無限序列的邊界需要通過數學證明來確定。通過歸納和特定的分段方法,證明了無限柯西序列必定有界。
- 意義:柯西序列必定有界的結論對於實數的構造和分析具有深遠意義,為實數理論提供了堅實的理論基礎。
5. 總結
- 柯西序列作為實數構造的基石,不僅加深了我們對極限和實數的理解,還為後續數學分析的深入研究奠定了堅實的基礎。通過深入探討柯西序列的定義、性質及其與有界序列之間的聯系,我們得以更好地理解實數理論的核心內容。
『叄』 數學專用詞彙英文表示 例如:角度 angle
A
abelian group:阿貝爾群; absolute geometry:絕對幾何; absolute value:絕對值; abstract algebra:抽象代數; addition:加法; algebra:代數; algebraic closure:代數閉包; algebraic geometry:代數幾何; algebraic geometry and analytic geometry:代數幾何和解析幾何; algebraic numbers:代數數; algorithm:演算法; almost all:絕大多數; analytic function:解析函數; analytic geometry:解析幾何; and:且; angle:角度; anticommutative:反交換律; antisymmetric relation:反對稱關系; antisymmetry:反對稱性; approximately equal:約等於; Archimedean field:阿基米德域; Archimedean group:阿基米德群; area:面積; arithmetic:算術; associative algebra:結合代數; associativity:結合律; axiom:公理; axiom of constructibility:可構造公理; axiom of empty set:空集公理; axiom of extensionality:外延公理; axiom of foundation:正則公理; axiom of pairing:對集公理; axiom of regularity:正則公理; axiom of replacement:代換公理; axiom of union:並集公理; axiom schema of separation:分離公理; axiom schema of specification:分離公理; axiomatic set theory:公理集合論; axiomatic system:公理系統;
B
Baire space:貝利空間; basis:基; Bézout's identity:貝祖恆等式; Bernoulli's inequality:伯努利不等式 ; Big O notation:大O符號; bilinear operator:雙線性運算元; binary operation:二元運算; binary predicate:二元謂詞; binary relation:二元關系; Boolean algebra:布爾代數; Boolean logic:布爾邏輯; Boolean ring:布爾環; boundary:邊界; boundary point:邊界點; bounded lattice:有界格;
C
calculus:微積分學; Cantor's diagonal argument:康托爾對角線方法; cardinal number:基數; cardinality:勢; cardinality of the continuum:連續統的勢; Cartesian coordinate system:直角坐標系; Cartesian proct:笛卡爾積; category:范疇; Cauchy sequence:柯西序列; Cauchy-Schwarz inequality:柯西不等式; Ceva's Theorem:塞瓦定理; characteristic:特徵; characteristic polynomial:特徵多項式; circle:圓; class:類; closed:閉集; closure:封閉性 或 閉包; closure algebra:閉包代數; combinatorial identities:組合恆等式; commutative group:交換群; commutative ring:交換環; commutativity::交換律; compact:緊致的; compact set:緊致集合; compact space:緊致空間; complement:補集 或 補運算; complete lattice:完備格; complete metric space:完備的度量空間; complete space:完備空間; complex manifold:復流形; complex plane:復平面; congruence:同餘; congruent:全等; connected space:連通空間; constructible universe:可構造全集; constructions of the real numbers:實數的構造; continued fraction:連分數; continuous:連續; continuum hypothesis:連續統假設; contractible space:可縮空間; convergence space:收斂空間; cosine:餘弦; countable:可數; countable set:可數集; cross proct:叉積; cycle space:圈空間; cyclic group:循環群;
D
de Morgan's laws:德·摩根律; Dedekind completion:戴德金完備性; Dedekind cut:戴德金分割; del:微分運算元; dense:稠密; densely ordered:稠密排列; derivative:導數; determinant:行列式; diffeomorphism:可微同構; difference:差; differentiable manifold:可微流形; differential calculus:微分學; dimension:維數; directed graph:有向圖; discrete space:離散空間; discriminant:判別式; distance:距離; distributivity:分配律; dividend:被除數; dividing:除; divisibility:整除; division:除法; divisor:除數; dot proct:點積;
E
eigenvalue:特徵值; eigenvector:特徵向量; element:元素; elementary algebra:初等代數; empty function:空函數; empty set:空集; empty proct:空積; equal:等於; equality:等式 或 等於; equation:方程; equivalence relation:等價關系; Euclidean geometry:歐幾里德幾何; Euclidean metric:歐幾里德度量; Euclidean space:歐幾里德空間; Euler's identity:歐拉恆等式; even number:偶數; event:事件; existential quantifier:存在量詞; exponential function:指數函數; exponential identities:指數恆等式; expression:表達式; extended real number line:擴展的實數軸;
F
false:假; field:域; finite:有限; finite field:有限域; finite set:有限集合; first-countable space:第一可數空間; first order logic:一階邏輯; foundations of mathematics:數學基礎; function:函數; functional analysis:泛函分析; functional predicate:函數謂詞; fundamental theorem of algebra:代數基本定理; fraction:分數;
G
gauge space:規格空間; general linear group:一般線性群; geometry:幾何學; gradient:梯度; graph:圖; graph of a relation:關系圖; graph theory:圖論; greatest element:最大元; group:群; group homomorphism:群同態;
H
Hausdorff space:豪斯多夫空間; hereditarily finite set:遺傳有限集合; Heron's formula:海倫公式; Hilbert space:希爾伯特空間; Hilbert's axioms:希爾伯特公理系統; Hodge decomposition:霍奇分解; Hodge Laplacian:霍奇拉普拉斯運算元; homeomorphism:同胚; horizontal:水平; hyperbolic function identities:雙曲線函數恆等式; hypergeometric function identities:超幾何函數恆等式; hyperreal number:超實數;
I
identical:同一的; identity:恆等式; identity element:單位元; identity matrix:單位矩陣; idempotent:冪等; if:若; if and only if:當且僅當; iff:當且僅當; imaginary number:虛數; inclusion:包含; index set:索引集合; indiscrete space:非離散空間; inequality:不等式 或 不等; inequality of arithmetic and geometric means:平均數不等式; infimum:下確界; infinite series:無窮級數; infinite:無窮大; infinitesimal:無窮小; infinity:無窮大; initial object:初始對象; inner angle:內角; inner proct:內積; inner proct space:內積空間; integer:整數; integer sequence:整數列; integral:積分; integral domain:整數環; interior:內部; interior algebra:內部代數; interior point:內點; intersection:交集; inverse element:逆元; invertible matrix:可逆矩陣; interval:區間; involution:迴旋; irrational number:無理數; isolated point:孤點; isomorphism:同構;
J
Jacobi identity:雅可比恆等式; join:並運算;
K
格式: Kuratowski closure axioms:Kuratowski 閉包公理;
L
least element:最小元; Lebesgue measure:勒貝格測度; Leibniz's law:萊布尼茨律; Lie algebra:李代數; Lie group:李群; limit:極限; limit point:極限點; line:線; line segment:線段; linear:線性; linear algebra:線性代數; linear operator:線性運算元; linear space:線性空間; linear transformation:線性變換; linearity:線性性; list of inequalities:不等式列表; list of linear algebra topics:線性代數相關條目; locally compact space:局部緊致空間; logarithmic identities:對數恆等式; logic:邏輯學; logical positivism:邏輯實證主義; law of cosines:餘弦定理; L??wenheim-Skolem theorem:L??wenheim-Skolem 定理; lower limit topology:下限拓撲;
M
magnitude:量; manifold:流形; map:映射; mathematical symbols:數學符號; mathematical analysis:數學分析; mathematical proof:數學證明; mathematics:數學; matrix:矩陣; matrix multiplication:矩陣乘法; meaning:語義; measure:測度; meet:交運算; member:元素; metamathematics:元數學; metric:度量; metric space:度量空間; model:模型; model theory:模型論; molar arithmetic:模運算; mole:模; monotonic function:單調函數; multilinear algebra:多重線性代數; multiplication:乘法; multiset:多樣集;
N
naive set theory:樸素集合論; natural logarithm:自然對數; natural number:自然數; natural science:自然科學; negative number:負數; neighbourhood:鄰域; New Foundations:新基礎理論; nine point circle:九點圓; non-Euclidean geometry:非歐幾里德幾何; nonlinearity:非線性; non-singular matrix:非奇異矩陣; nonstandard model:非標准模型; nonstandard analysis:非標准分析; norm:范數; normed vector space:賦范向量空間; n-tuple:n 元組 或 多元組; nullary:空; nullary intersection:空交集; number:數; number line:數軸;
O
object:對象; octonion:八元數; one-to-one correspondence:一一對應; open:開集; open ball:開球; operation:運算; operator:運算元; or:或; order topology:序拓撲; ordered field:有序域; ordered pair:有序對; ordered set:偏序集; ordinal number:序數; ordinary mathematics:一般數學; origin:原點; orthogonal matrix:正交矩陣;
P
p-adic number:p進數; paracompact space:仿緊致空間; parallel postulate:平行公理; parallelepiped:平行六面體; parallelogram:平行四邊形; partial order:偏序關系; partition:分割; Peano arithmetic:皮亞諾公理; Pedoe's inequality:佩多不等式; perpendicular:垂直; philosopher:哲學家; philosophy:哲學; philosophy journals:哲學類雜志; plane:平面; plural quantification:復數量化; point:點; Point-Line-Plane postulate:點線面假設; polar coordinates:極坐標系; polynomial:多項式; polynomial sequence:多項式列; positive-definite matrix:正定矩陣; positive-semidefinite matrix:半正定矩陣; power set:冪集; predicate:謂詞; predicate logic:謂詞邏輯; preorder:預序關系; prime number:素數; proct:積; proof:證明; proper class:純類; proper subset:真子集; property:性質; proposition:命題; pseudovector:偽向量; Pythagorean theorem:勾股定理;
Q
Q.E.D.:Q.E.D.; quaternion:四元數; quaternions and spatial rotation:四元數與空間旋轉; question:疑問句; quotient field:商域; quotient set:商集;
R
radius:半徑; ratio:比; rational number:有理數; real analysis:實分析; real closed field:實閉域; real line:實數軸; real number:實數; real number line:實數線; reflexive relation:自反關系; reflexivity:自反性; reification:具體化; relation:關系; relative complement:相對補集; relatively complemented lattice:相對補格; right angle:直角; right-handed rule:右手定則; ring:環;
S
scalar:標量; second-countable space:第二可數空間; self-adjoint operator:自伴隨運算元; sentence:判斷; separable space:可分空間; sequence:數列 或 序列; sequence space:序列空間; series:級數; sesquilinear function:半雙線性函數; set:集合; set-theoretic definition of natural numbers:自然數的集合論定義; set theory:集合論; several complex variables:一些復變數; shape:幾何形狀; sign function:符號函數; singleton:單元素集合; social science:社會科學; solid geometry:立體幾何; space:空間; spherical coordinates:球坐標系; square matrix:方塊矩陣; square root:平方根; strict:嚴格; structural recursion:結構遞歸; subset:子集; subsequence:子序列; subspace:子空間; subspace topology:子空間拓撲; subtraction:減法; sum:和; summation:求和; supremum:上確界; surreal number:超實數; symmetric difference:對稱差; symmetric relation:對稱關系; system of linear equations:線性方程組;
T
tensor:張量; terminal object:終結對象; the algebra of sets:集合代數; theorem:定理; top element:最大元; topological field:拓撲域; topological manifold:拓撲流形; topological space:拓撲空間; topology:拓撲 或 拓撲學; total order:全序關系; totally disconnected:完全不連貫; totally ordered set:全序集; transcendental number:超越數; transfinite recursion:超限歸納法; transitivity:傳遞性; transitive relation:傳遞關系; transpose:轉置; triangle inequality:三角不等式; trigonometric identities:三角恆等式; triple proct:三重積; trivial topology:密著拓撲; true:真; truth value:真值;
U
unary operation:一元運算; uncountable:不可數; uniform space:一致空間; union:並集; unique:唯一; unit interval:單位區間; unit step function:單位階躍函數; unit vector:單位向量; universal quantification:全稱量詞; universal set:全集; upper bound:上界;
V
vacuously true:??; Vandermonde's identity:Vandermonde 恆等式; variable:變數; vector:向量; vector calculus:向量分析; vector space:向量空間; Venn diagram:文氏圖; volume:體積; von Neumann ordinal:馮·諾伊曼序數; von Neumann universe:馮·諾伊曼全集; vulgar fraction:分數;
Z
Zermelo set theory:策梅羅集合論; Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory:策梅羅-弗蘭克爾集合論; ZF set theory:ZF 系統; zero:零; zero object:零對象;
絕對很全了~
『肆』 數學的一些專業課用英語怎麼說
differential mean value theorem 微分中值定理
Rolle's theorem 羅爾定理
Lagrange theorem 拉格朗日定理
Cauchy's theorem 柯西定理
Time Series Analysis 時間序列分析
Random Variables 隨機變數
Series Forecast 序列預測版
Smoothing Rules 平滑法
Fitting Trend Rules 趨勢權擬合法
http://www.hjcz.org/bbs/read.php?tid=113975上這個網站上,先注冊個(免費的哦),就能下載數學專業名詞中英詞彙那裡都是!!