敞口項目英語怎麼說及英文翻譯

⑴ 2015年6月英語六級翻譯真題(一)：漢朝

2015年6月英語六級翻譯題：漢朝

漢朝是中國歷史上最重要的朝代之一。漢朝統治期間有很多顯著的成就，它最先向其他文化敞開了大門，對外貿易興旺。漢朝開拓的絲綢之路通向中西亞乃至羅馬，各類藝術流派繁榮，涌現了很多文學，歷史，哲學巨著。公元100年中國第一部字典編纂完成，9000個字，提供釋義並列舉不同寫法。其間，科技方面進步也取得了很大進步。發明了紙張，日晷以及測量地震的儀器，漢朝歷經400年，但統治者的腐敗最終導致了它的滅亡。

參考譯文一：

Han Dynasty enjoys a high level of significance in Chinese history ring which lots of achievements and accomplishments have been made. It is a pioneer in terms of embracing other cultures and prosperity in foreign trade. The Silk Road which was opened at that time, led the way to the Middle and Western Asia and even to Rome, where a great number of literature, historical and philosophical masterpieces were springing up and all kinds of schools of art were flourishing as well. In 100 B.C., the compilation of China’s first dictionary was finished with explanation and ways of writing of 9000 characters contained. Meanwhile, with the invention of paper, water clock, sundials and the instruments used to measure earthquakes, the great progress has been made in scientific development. The Han Dynasty lasted for 400 years. However it finally ended up e to the corruption of the rulers.

參考譯文二：

Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, ring whose regime there were a great many remarkable achievements. Han Dynasty was the first to open its gate to other civilizations, therefore its foreign trade was prosperous. The Silk Road exploited in Han Dynasty extended to Central and West Asia and as far as Rome. With the flourishing of diverse art schools, numerous great works in literature, history as well as philosophy emerged. In 100 B.C., the first dictionary in China was accomplished editing. It included 9,000 characters, whose explanations were given and whose different ways of writing were illustrated. Meanwhile, there are obvious advances in science and technology, with paper, water clocks, sundials and instruments measuring earthquakes invented. Han Dynasty lasted for 400 years, and went to doom because of corruption of the ruling class.

解析：

1. 漢朝是中國歷史上最重要的朝代之一。漢朝統治期間有很多顯著的成就。

主幹：漢朝是朝代之一。有很多成就。

定狀語：漢朝是(最重要的)朝代之一在中國歷史上。有很多(顯著的)成就在漢朝統治期間。

譯文：Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, There were a great many significant achievements ring its regime.

簡單句復合：兩個句子中都有“漢朝”，第二句可轉換為定語從句

譯文復合：Han Dynasty is one of the most important dynasties in the history of China, ring whose regime there were a great many significant achievements.

2. 它最先向其他文化敞口大門，對外貿易興旺。

主幹：它最先，貿易興旺。

定狀語：它最先敞開大門向其他文化，(對外)貿易興旺

譯文：Han Dynasty was the first to open its gate to other civilizations, its foreign trade was prosperous.

簡單句復合：前後兩句可以理解為因果關系，使用therefore

復合翻譯：Han Dynasty was the first to open its gate to other civilizations, therefore its foreign trade was prosperous.

3. 漢朝開拓的絲綢之路通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。

主幹：絲綢之路通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。

定狀語：絲綢之路(漢朝開拓的)通向了中西亞乃至羅馬。

譯文：The Silk Road exploited in Han Dynasty extended to Central and West Asia and as far as Rome.

4. 各類藝術學派繁榮，涌現了很多文學，歷史，哲學巨著。

主幹：巨著涌現了。

定狀語：在(各類藝術學派)繁榮的背景下，(很多文學，歷史，哲學)巨著涌現了。

譯文：With the flourishing of diverse art schools, numerous great works in literature, history as well as philosophy emerged.

5. 公元100年中國第一部字典編撰完成，共9000個字，提供釋義並列舉不同的寫法。

主幹：字典被編撰完成，字典共9000個字，字典提供釋義並列舉寫法(加被加主語)

定狀語：公元100年，(中國第一部)字典被編撰完成，字典共9000個字，字典提供釋義並列舉(不同的)寫法。

譯文：In 100 B.C., the first dictionary in China was accomplished editing. The dictionary included 9,000 characters, the dictionary provided the explanations of those characters, the dictionary illustrated the different ways of writing of those characters.

簡單句復合：“字典”和“字”多次出現，可改成定語從句

復合譯文：In 100 B.C., the first dictionary in China was accomplished editing. It included 9,000 characters, whose explanations were given and whose different ways of writing were illustrated.

6. 期間，科技方面也取得了很大進步，發明了紙張，水鍾，日晷(sundials)以及測量地震的儀器。

主幹：有巨大進步。紙張，水總，日晷以及儀器被發明。(無主語，翻成there be結構或者被動)

定狀語：期間，有巨大進步在科技方面。紙張，水總，日晷以及儀器(測量地震)被發明。

譯文：Meanwhile, there are obvious advances in science and technology, paper, water clocks, sundials and instruments measuring earthquakes were invented.

簡單句復合：後一句可改成非謂形式表伴隨

復合譯文：Meanwhile, there are obvious advances in science and technology, with paper, water clocks, sundials and instruments measuring earthquakes invented.

7. 漢朝歷經400年，但統治者的腐敗最終導致了它的滅亡。

主幹：漢朝歷經400年，腐敗導致了滅亡。

定狀語：漢朝歷經400年。但(統治者的)腐敗導致了(它的)滅亡。

簡單句復合：前後不是轉折而是承接關系，舍棄“但”

譯文：Han Dynasty lasted for 400 years, and went to doom because of corruption of the ruling class.

重點詞彙總結：

漢朝 The han dynasty

統治 reign

顯著的 remarkable

對外貿易 foreign trade

興旺 prosperity

開拓 exploit

絲綢之路 the Silk Road

羅馬 Rome

藝術流派 schools of art

巨著 monumental work

編撰 compile

釋義 paraphrase

水鍾 water clock

腐朽 decadent

滅亡 doom

⑵ 關於葡萄酒一些名詞語句的英語翻譯

check wine名牌酒, 對照葡萄酒

wine酒(尤指葡萄酒;果子酒;葯酒)，使人振作[沉醉]的東西

字串8

a barrel [bottle,glass] of wine一桶[瓶,杯]葡萄酒

字串9

green wine新酒 字串6

maotai wine茅台酒 字串4

strong wine烈酒

字串8

wine vt.請...喝酒; 用葡萄酒招待wine and dine someone熱烈款待某人

字串6

We were wined and dined at the firm's expense.公司以酒宴款待我們。

字串5

Wine vi.飲酒 adj.深紅色的 wine acid【化】酒石酸 字串6

Winebag n.裝酒的皮囊 [俚]酒量大的人;酒鬼

字串3

winebibber n. 酒鬼 字串7

winebottle n.酒瓶

字串1

winebowl n. (=wine-cup) 大酒杯;酒碗;酒癖

字串1

wine-colo(u)red adj.深紅色的 字串6

wineglass n.酒杯

字串2

winegrower n. 種葡萄並釀酒的人

字串6

winehouse n.酒館

字串4

winepress n.榨酒機

字串7

wineshop n. 酒館 字串8

wine skin 酒囊;縱飲者

字串7

winetaster n.品酒人、品酒用的小酒杯

字串8

winevault n.酒窖 酒店,酒吧間 字串9

wineless adj.無酒的

字串3

Good wine needs no bush.[諺]酒好客自來;貨好不用廣告。 字串5

in wine醉醺醺地, 有酒意 字串2

new wine in old bottles舊瓶裝新酒,舊形式適應不了新內容

字串7

take wine with sb.和某人舉杯互相祝酒

字串6

When wine is in, wit[truth] is out.[諺]酒醉智昏。

字串8

wine and dine以好酒好菜款待

字串1

Adam's wine水 字串9

aerated wine充氣葡萄酒 字串8

aged wine陳酒, 陳釀葡萄酒

字串3

aging wine陳釀葡萄酒 字串2

alsatian wine法國阿爾薩斯地區所產優質白葡萄酒

字串8

aperitif wine開胃葡萄酒 字串1

appetizer wine開胃葡萄酒 字串5

apple wine蘋果酒, 發泡蘋果酒

字串9

aromatized wine加香葡萄酒 字串9

astringent wine澀味葡萄酒 字串4

barley wine大麥酒 字串9

bee wine發酵酒

字串5

bulk wine桶裝葡萄酒

字串2

check wine名牌酒, 對照葡萄酒

字串3

Chefoo red wine中國煙台紅葡萄酒 字串3

citrus wine柑桔酒 字串4

clove wine丁香葡萄酒

字串4

cooled wine冰鎮酒

字串6

cut wine調配葡萄酒

字串5

effervescent wine發泡葡萄酒 字串3

fortified wine強化酒

字串7

fortified drywine加度甜葡萄酒(一般加白蘭地酒) 字串1

fruit wine果酒

字串4

full-tasting wine酒味濃重的葡萄酒 字串2

gasified wine葡萄汽酒, 汽酒

字串5

generic wine原產地類型葡萄酒

字串7

ginger wine薑汁酒

字串1

glutinous rice wine糯米酒, 黃酒 字串1

heavy wine濃酒,烈酒,味醇厚的酒 字串5

hedge wine劣質酒, 劣質葡萄酒 字串8

honey wine(蜂)蜜酒 字串2

immature wine未成熟的葡萄酒 字串5

incompletely fermented wine發酵不完全的酒 字串9

instrial [cut] wine工業用酒 字串6

light wine低度葡萄酒(糖分, 酒度低)

字串9

medium-dry wine半干葡萄酒

字串9

mild wine低度酒 字串4

modified wine葡萄加糖發酵製成的酒

字串9

natural wine自然發酵的葡萄酒, 自然發酵酒

字串3

neutral wines中性酒

字串2

orange wine桔子酒 字串9

palm wine棕櫚酒

字串5

pink wine桃紅葡萄酒 字串9

port wine葡萄(汁)酒

字串5

raisin wine葡萄乾釀制酒

字串2

rich wine濃酒 字串9

ripe wine醇酒, 陳酒

字串2

roughwine澀味葡萄酒

字串8

semi-dry wine半干葡萄酒 字串7

Shao-Hsing rice wine紹興酒, 紹興糯米黃酒

字串4

sick wine走味葡萄酒

字串9

slimy wine發粘的葡萄酒

字串8

sound wine正統葡萄酒, 健康的葡萄酒(指無病害的酒) 字串8

sour wine發酸葡萄酒 字串3

sparkling wine汽酒

字串2

sultana wine以無籽葡萄乾釀制的酒 字串2

sweet wine甜酒 字串5

table wine佐餐葡萄酒

字串6

tart wine酸變葡萄酒

字串5

tirage wine香檳原酒(作香檳酒用的葡萄酒)

字串9

tonic wine滋補酒

字串8

tourne wine發渾葡萄酒

字串7

vintage wine佳釀葡萄酒, 精製葡萄酒 字串6

yeast wine酒母

字串6

⑶ 英語翻譯，open /open through區別

open形容詞 adj.
1.開著的; 開放的, 公開的
The outer door was wide open but the inner one was locked.
外面的門大開著而裡面的門鎖著。
They decided to declare Paris an open city.
他們決定宣布巴黎為不設防城市。
2.空曠的; 開闊的
An open sea appeared before us.
我們前面呈現出廣闊的大海。
3.坦率的, 無偏見的
She is a very friendly, open person.
她是個非常友好、坦率的人。
4.開始營業的; 活動的
The bank isn't open yet.
那家銀行還沒有開門營業。
5.(職位等)空缺的
Is the teaching vacancy still open?
教員職位還有空缺嗎?
6.尚未決定的, 懸而未決的
This is an open question at the moment.
此刻這還是個懸而未決的問題。
7. 易受損害；脆弱
8. 人人皆知的；不保密的；公開的
9. 思想開明的；不固執己見的
10. 稀疏的；不密的
11.展開；開放
12. 暢通的
13. 敞口的；未封的
14. 沒扣上的；敞開的
15. 敞開的；露天的；裸露的
16. 對大眾開放的；公開的；人人可以參加的
17. （比賽、建築物等）對特定群體開放
18. 可得到；可使用
19. (人的眼睛、嘴等) 張開的；張著的
及物動詞 vt. & 不及物動詞 vi.
1.(打)開
2.開始; 開設
The meeting will open the day after tomorrow.
這個會議將於後天開幕。
The chairman opened the Parliament.
主席宣布議會開始。
Negotiations would probably be opened again.
談判可能又要開始。
3. 啟動，打開（計算機程序或文件）
4. 睜開
名詞 n.
1. 戶外；野外；曠野
2. 公開；非秘密
不及物動詞 vi.
1.准備接待
2.( 故事、電影等) 以…開篇；以…開頭
及物動詞 vt.
1. 著手；開始
2. 為（建築物）揭幕；宣布啟用
3. 張開
4. 讓（行人、車輛、貨物等）通行；開放
5.(商店、企業等) 開始營業；開業；開門

open through 敞口槽， 開放式槽

through介詞 prep.
1.(表示位置)在…之中; 在…各處; 遍及
The earth moves through space.
地球在太空中運行。
2.(表示時間)在…期間; 從…開頭到結尾
Tom bore up bravely through his father's illness.
在他父親生病期間, 湯姆表現得很堅強勇敢。
3.(表示方向)從…的一端到另一端; 經過
He went through the forest the next day.
次日他穿過了森林。
4.(表示狀態)經歷著; 度過
He has decided to prolong his visit through the weekend.
他已決定把他的訪問延長到過完周末。
5.(表示方式)憑借; 用
I learnt of the position through a newspaper advertisement.
我是從報紙廣告上得悉有此職位的。
6.(表示原因)因為, 由於
It was through him that I missed my train.
就是因為他, 我才誤了火車。
7.(表示讓步)盡管有(反對、抗議等)的聲音; 頂著
The politician struggled to speak through the shouts of the crowd.
盡管人群中不斷有叫喊聲, 那位政客仍然堅持講下去。
8.透過…看到；隔著…聽到
9. 通過（障礙、階段或測試）；穿過
10.直至，一直到（所指時間包括在內）
11.沖過，突破；越過…的限制
副詞 adv.
1.通過, 過去
Can I get through by this road?
我可以從這條路過去嗎?
2.進行到底
I'm counting on you to help me through!
我正指望你幫忙幫到底呢！
3.從一端到另一端；通過
4.自始至終；從頭至尾
5.直達；徑直
6.（電話）接通著
7.（用於形容詞後）完全，徹底
8.遍及;完全地,徹頭徹尾地 [亦作 through and through]
9.出來，出現
形容詞 adj.
1.（交通旅行）直達的，直通的，聯運的，全程的
2.（火車）直達的，直通的
3.（道路或路線）直通的
4.（使用）完成，結束；（關系）了結，斷絕
5.穿過的；有洞的
6.完蛋了的；智窮計盡的
7.(橋梁桁架)下承(式)的，穿過(式)的