怎麼用英語介紹韓國菜
⑴ 用英語來介紹韓國（不要太難背的）
Korea (한국, Hanguk, or 조선, Chosǒn) is a civilization and geographical area situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia, bordering China (PRC) to the northwest and Russia to the northeast, with Japan situated to the southeast across the Korea Strait. It is currently divided into two political entities: South Korea, a capitalist liberal democracy, and North Korea, a totalitarian communist dictatorship. Korea is a vey warm place and Jin-o is from North Korea!
One of the world's oldest civilizations, Korea has a recorded history dating back approximately 3,000 years. In the 4th century, the adoption of the Chinese writing system, Buddhism, and other aspects of culture had a profound effect on its society. Koreans later passed on these, as well as their own advances, to Japan helping that country make its first steps into civilization.
After unification of the Three Kingdoms of Korea in 676, Korea was ruled by a single government and maintained political and cultural independence until the Mongol invasions of the 13th century. For many centuries, Korea maintained a close relationship with China, the region's dominant power, while preserving its own distinct identity.
At one point, Koreans invented the world's first metal movable type, self-striking clock, rain gauge, and ironclad warship. Korean civilization reached its height in the 15th century, ring the reign of Sejong the Great. Korea then fell into stagnation in the latter part of the Joseon Dynasty and, by the late 19th century, became the object of imperial designs by the great powers.
In 1905, Korea was occupied by Japan and remained a colony until the end of World War II. American and Soviet troops then occupied the country and helped establish governments sympathetic to their respective ideologies, leading to its current division.
Korea is often called the "Land of the Morning Calm" for its serene sunrises and peaceful mornings.
The common name "Korea" derives from the Goryeo period of Korean history, which in turn referred to the ancient kingdom of Goguryeo. It is now commonly used in English contexts by both South and North Korea.
In the Korean language, Korea as a whole is referred to as Hanguk (Korean hangul: 한국; hanja: 韓國; revised: Hanguk; McCune-Reischauer: Han'guk) by South Korea and Chosŏn (Korean chosŏn'gŭl: 조선; hanja: 朝鮮; McCune-Reischauer: Chosǒn; revised: Joseon ) by North Korea.
There is archaeological evidence that people were living on the Korean Peninsula around 700,000 years ago, ring the Lower Paleolithic. The earliest known Korean pottery dates to around 7000 BC, and the Neolithic period begins around 6000 BC. The Jeulmun Pottery Period spans from 3500 BC to 2000 BC.
[edit]
Gojoseon
Korea was founded in 2333 BC, according to the Dangun legend. This kingdom, known as Joseon, is usually called Gojoseon (meaning Old Joseon) distinguishing it from the modern Joseon Dynasty. Gojoseon cultural artifacts and walled cities are found throughout Korea and southern Manchuria.
Archeological and contemporary written records indicate it likely developed from a federation of walled cities into a centralized state sometime between the 7th and 4th centuries BC, when it declared itself a kingdom and warred with northern Zhou dynasty kingdoms. In 108 BC, the Chinese Han dynasty defeated Gojoseon and installed four commanderies in northern Korea (including one near present-day Pyongyang) and Manchuria primarily as commercial outposts. Three of those commanderies fell to local resistance by 75 BC.
A state called Jin existed in southern Korea prior to Gojoseon's fall. Although very little is known about its political organization, bronze artifacts from the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC have been uncovered in the region. Samhan, three loose confederacies that claimed descent from Jin, followed. In the north, the expanding Goguryeo united Buyeo, Okjeo, and Dongye in the former Gojoseon territory, and destroyed the last Chinese commandery in 313 AD.
A Korean pagoda[edit]
Joseon Dynasty (1392-1905)
In 1392, Yi Seong-gye established the Joseon Dynasty, moving the capital to Hanseong (now Seoul). During the first 200 years of the new dynasty, the northern territory was added, the area of cultivated land was doubled, science and technique state jumped up, new letters fitted for Korean language (hunminjeongeum) was established, many books were published for elementary ecation, and constitution and law were completed.
During the late 1590s, Japan invaded Korea in two failed attempts, known together as the Seven-Year War, causing great destruction. The invaders burnt down anything they could not take back to Japan and this is when major Korean cultural artifacts went missing. With the assistance of Ming Chinese troops and the ironclad warships of Admiral Yi Sunsin, Joseon forces were able to repel the Japanese.
After the invasion by Japan, however, in the 1620s and 1630s the Joseon Dynasty was not able to defend Korea from invasion by Manchu troops. It agreed to recognize the legitimacy of the new Qing Dynasty as rulers of China. Korea then enjoyed more than two centuries of peace. In fact, the country isolated itself from the outside world so much that it was often called the "Hermit Kingdom".
The Joseon Dynasty is believed to be the longest-lived actively ruling dynasty in East Asia.
[edit]
Japanese occupation
Main article: Korea under Japanese rule
Beginning in the 1870s, Japan began to force Korea to move out of China's sphere of influence into its own. In 1895, Empress Min of Korea was murdered by the Japanese under Miura Goro's directive (Kim et al. 1976). After the Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese Wars, Japan gained dominance over Korea. In 1910, Japan forced Korea to sign the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty.
Japanese occupation was brutal and led many Koreans to resist, eventually leading to the independence movement in 1919. This movement was brutally suppressed and thousands were killed by occupation forces.
During World War II, many Koreans were forced to support the Japanese war effort. Tens of thousands men were conscripted into Japan's military, while up to 200,000 women were used as forced laborers and sex slaves, often called "comfort women". About 60,000 Koreans working under harsh conditions in Japanese mines are known to have died between 1939 and 1945, and an unknown number of people were forced to become samples for Japanese biological experiments concted by the Unit 731.
Anti-Japanese sentiment still runs fairly strong in Korea, especially in older generations, as a result of what Koreans see as continuing unrepentant actions.
[edit]
Division
Main article: Division of Korea
With the defeat of Japan in 1945, the Japanese colonial government was immediately replaced with American and Soviet presence. The Soviet Union supported the North Korean government, which was also associated with Communist China; the United States was closely allied to South Korea, helping Koreans with experience under the Japanese occupation to gain power and suppress Communists. Koreans faced bitter divisions: former collaborators were widely mistrusted and hated by Koreans, yet they possessed the most experience and remained in power. Communism began to take hold in Korea, and Koreans who had fought along with Communist China gained power and fame.
[edit]
Korean War and hopes for reunification
Main articles: Korean War, Korean reunification
According to some political scientists, the Korean War resulted directly from the U.S. policy of Containment. The United States supported Korean nationalists who opposed Communism, funded and staffed the South Korean army, and influenced the United Nations to support the South Korean military (Cumings 1997). In 1945, in the aftermath of World War II, the United Nations developed plans for a trusteeship administration, the United States effectively began administering the peninsula south of the 38th parallel and the Soviet Union administering north. The politics of the Cold War resulted in the 1948 establishment of two separate governments.
However, it is certain that North Korea invaded South Korea long after the US army left South Korea except for some advisers and when the South Korean government did not take the possibility of N. Korea's invasion seriously. The day when the war broke out was Sunday, and more than two thirds of the military forces were off ty in South Korea, and the North Korean army's campaign began at 4 AM.
The Korean War began in June 1950 and lasted until 1953. The North Korean army invaded the South without any notice or warning, prompting U.S. and then Chinese intervention. Millions of Koreans died, and the United States waged a bombing campaign over North Korea that effectively destroyed most cities: "There were simply 'no more cities in North Korea'" (Cumings 1997: 298). After three devastating years of fighting, the war ended in a ceasefire agreement at approximately the same boundary, though South Korea gained slightly more territory than it lost. This boundary was set as the demilitarized zone which constitutes the border between the two countries. The two countries never signed a peace treaty. Both Korean states proclaim eventual reunification as a goal, and a united Korea is very much a part of Korean ethno-cultural identity.
Since the 1990s, with progressively liberal South Korean administrations, as well as the death of North Korean founder Kim Il-sung, the two sides have taken halting, symbolic steps towards cooperation, in international sporting events, reunification of separated family members, economic matters, and tourism.
Recently, in effort to promote reconciliation, the two Koreas have adopted a single Unification Flag. While this flag may represent Korea at international sporting events, it is not the official flag of either North Korea or South Korea. Both states still officially retain the two separate national flags that they have used since their foundings in 1948.
See also: History of South Korea, History of North Korea
[edit]
Geography
Main article: Korean peninsula
See also: Geography of North Korea, Geography of South Korea, Provinces of Korea
Korea is located on the Korean Peninsula in North-East Asia. It is bound by two countries and three seas. To the northwest, the Yalu River separates Korea from China and to the north, the Tumen River separates Korea from Russia. The Yellow Sea is to the west, the South China Sea is to the south, and the Sea of Japan (East Sea) is to the east of Korea. Notable islands include Jeju-do, Ulleung-do, and Dok-do.
The southern part and western part of the Korean mainland have well developed plains, while the eastern and northern parts are mountainous. The highest mountain in Korea is Mt. Baek (2744m, Changshan in chinese). The border with China runs through the mountain. The southern extension of Mt. Baek is a highland called Gaema Gowon. This highland was mainly raised ring the Cenozoic orogeny and partly covered by volcanic matter. To the south of Gaema Gowon, successive high mountains are located along the eastern coast of the Korean Peninsula. This series of mountains is named Baekdaegan. Some significant mountains include Sobaeksan (2,184 m), Baeksan (1,724 m), Geumgangsan (1,638 m), Seoraksan (1,708 m), Taebaeksan (1,567 m) and Jirisan (1,915 m). There are several lower, secondary mountain series whose direction is almost perpendicular to that of Baekdaegan. They are developed along the tectonic line of Mesozoic orogeny and their directions are NW, NWW.
As opposed to the old mountains on the mainland, some important islands in Korea were formed by volcanic activity in the recent Cenozoic. Jeju-do, situated off the south coastline of the Korean Peninsula, is a large volcanic island whose main mountain is Mt. Halla (1950 m). Ulleung-do and the Dok-do are volcanic islands in the Sea of Japan, whose composition is more feslic than Jeju. The volcanic islands tend to be younger as one moves westward.
Because the mountainous regions are biased toward the eastern part of the peninsula, the main rivers tend to flow to westwards. Two exceptions are the southward-flowing Nakdong River and the Seomjin River. Important rivers running westward include the Yalu, Cheongcheon River, Daedong River, Han River, Geum River, and Yeongsan River. These rivers have vast flood plains and they provide an ideal environment for rice cultivation.
The southern and southwestern coastline of the Korean Peninsula is a well-developed Lias coastline. It is known as Dadohae in Korean. Its complicated coastline provides mild seas, and the resulting calm environment allows for safe navigation, fishing, and seaweed farming. In addition to the complex coastline, the western coast of the Korean peninsula has an extremely high tidal amplitude (at Incheon, around the middle of the western coast, it is as high as 9 m). Vast tidal flats are developing on the south and west coastline of the Korean Peninsula.
[edit]
Demographics
Main article: Korean people
Korea is populated by a relatively homogeneous ethnic group, the Koreans, who speak a distinct language called Korean and use the unique script hangul.
A minority of ethnic Chinese (about 20,000) [1]) exists in South Korea and small communities of ethnic Chinese and Japanese are said to exist in North Korea ([2]).
The foreign workforce in South Korea, primarily consisting of laborers from countries like Bangladesh, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Vietnam, is estimated at over half a million. There are also more than 10,000 Americans, Australians, British, Canadians, Irish, and South Africans working as English language teachers in the country. In addition, about 30,000 U.S. soldiers are on active ty in South Korea.
The combined population of the Korean Peninsula is about 73 million persons.
See also: Demographics of South Korea, Demographics of North Korea
[edit]
Language
Main articles: Korean language, Hangul
See also: Korean numerals, Korean name
[edit]
Culture
Main article: Culture of Korea
See also: Korean architecture, Korean art, Korean pottery
Korean buddhist architectureIn ancient Chinese texts, Korea is referred to as "Rivers and Mountains Embroidered on Silk" (錦綉江山) and "Eastern Nation of Decorum" (東方禮儀之國). During the 7th and 8th centuries, land and sea trading networks connected Korea to Arabia. As early as 845, Arab traders mentioned Korea saying, "Over the sea beyond China lies a mountainous country called 'Silla', rich in gold. Muslims who arrive there by accident are so attracted by its character that they stay there forever and do not want to leave."
According to Japanese records, Korean scholars introced Chinese knowledge and technology, including Chinese characters and the major classics, such as the Confucian Analects to Japan. In 554, the Korean kingdom of Baekje sent doctors, herb and calendar specialists, and diviners to Japan, and in 602, a Baekje monk named Kwalluk, was dispatched to deliver books on astronomy, calendar-making, geography, and divination.
Korean festivities often showcase vibrant colors, which have been attributed to Mongolian influences: bright red, yellow, and green often mark traditional Korean motifs [3]. These bright colors are sometimes seen in the traditional dress known as hanbok.
[edit]
Religion and ecation
Amitabha and Eight Great Bodhisattvas, Goryeo scroll from the 1300sMain articles: Korean Confucianism, Korean Buddhism, Christianity in Korea
Confucian tradition has dominated Korean thought, along with contributions by Buddhism, Taoism, and Korean Shamanism. Since the middle of the 20th century, however, Christianity has competed with Buddhism to be the dominant religious force in South Korea, while religion has been suppressed in North Korea.
According to 2003 statistics compiled by the South Korean government, about 46 % of citizens profess to follow no particular religion. Christians account for 27.3% of the population and Buddhists 25.3%.
Koreans valued scholarship and rewarded ecation and study of Chinese classic texts; Yangban boys were highly ecated in Hanja. Until modern times, Koreans placed a lot of emphasis on hereditary status. Until the 10th century, a man's "bone rank" (determined by the rank of his father and his mother) defined his social status and what government post he would be appointed to. From the 10th century through to the end of the 19th century, the social status of a man's father and mother determined which civil service examination, if any, he could take but did not guarantee him a post.
In April 2006, South Korea became the first country in the world to provide high-speed internet access to all of its primary and secondary schools. [4]
[edit]
Cuisine
Main article: Korean cuisine
Korean cuisine is probably best known for kimchi, which uses a distinctive fermentation process of preserving vegetables. Chili peppers are also commonly used, which has given it a reputation for being spicy. Bulgogi (roasted marinated beef or pork), galbi (rib), and samgyeopsal (pork fatback) are popular meat entrees. Koreans meals are accompanied by a soup or stew, often made with dwenjang bean paste.
See also: Korean tea ceremony, Korean royal court cuisine
[edit]
Sports
South Korea hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, giving the country an economic boost through increased tourism and greater world recognition. At the time, North Korea boycotted the event on the grounds that it was not made co-host.
自己挑吧。
⑵ 有英文介紹韓國的美食——泡菜和石鍋飯，80字左右，謝謝。急急急急！
你說的石板鍋應該是拌飯吧？那在應為沒稱為 Bibimbap 跟韓國發音一樣。而泡菜是 Kimchee。
Kimchi, surely to be the most representative signature dish of Korean cuisine. It is a tradional Korean dish made out of purely cabbage, marinated in traditional Korean spice and garlic sauce and served cold. It is an ideal side dish company well with steam rice and all Korean dishes.
泡菜，被認為是韓國美食的代表菜。這是一道用生菜和腌制的韓國傳統辣椒與大蒜醬所做出來的一道冷盤。是一道能完美配搭蒸飯和其它韓國料理組合的小菜。
Bibimbap, also known as the Korean mix rice, is a dish that combines meat and various of vegetables and a signature egg on top. It is often served with traditional Korean spice sauce which enhances the rice with dash of spice and garlic
Bibimbap, 被認知為韓國拌飯，是一道組合了肉，各種蔬菜和一個代表性的雞蛋在飯上。韓國拌飯通常會搭配韓國傳統辣椒醬讓飯里多出一道辣和大蒜的香味。
⑶ 請問怎麼用英語介紹韓國
Over 48,500 million people live in South Korea, on a peninsula slightly less than twice the size of Nova Scotia. South Korea is surrounded by seas on three sides, bordering North Korea, and neighboured by People's Republic of China, Russia and Japan.
Applied Arts have developed hand in hand with traditions, new political structures and technologies on a global scale. Until recently, especially in rural areas, there have been no major changes in Korean family type. Traditionally, Korea is a stem family, including old parents and one couple with their offspring residing together in a single domestic unit. Couples who live together with their parents are usually the eldest son and his wife. Traditional Confucian ethics continues to dominate Korean's lifestyle and attitudes toward family and life. Over 50% of Koreans practice a religion. Buddhists and Protestants, respectively, make up about 20% of the population. Catholics make up 4% of the population. Thus, 25% of the population are Christian. It is said that there are more practicing Korean shaman than Christian priests. Traditional Korean shamanism reflects diverse folk beliefs that continue to contribute to unique Korean contemporary spirit and culture.
Since the 1960's, Korea has enjoyed a remarkable extended period of high economic growth. Within a single generation, the country has escaped the vicious cycle of poverty while achieving modern instrialization.
⑷ 怎樣用英語介紹韓國
Korea
Korea is a civilization and geographical area situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia, bordering China (PRC) to the northwest and Russia to the northeast, with Japan situated to the southeast across the Korea Strait. It is currently divided into two political entities: South Korea, a capitalist liberal democracy, and North Korea, a totalitarian communist dictatorship. Korea is a vey warm place and Jin-o is from North Korea!
One of the world's oldest civilizations, Korea has a recorded history dating back approximately 3,000 years. In the 4th century, the adoption of the Chinese writing system, Buddhism, and other aspects of culture had a profound effect on its society. Koreans later passed on these, as well as their own advances, to Japan helping that country make its first steps into civilization.
After unification of the Three Kingdoms of Korea in 676, Korea was ruled by a single government and maintained political and cultural independence until the Mongol invasions of the 13th century. For many centuries, Korea maintained a close relationship with China, the region's dominant power, while preserving its own distinct identity.
At one point, Koreans invented the world's first metal movable type, self-striking clock, rain gauge, and ironclad warship. Korean civilization reached its height in the 15th century, ring the reign of Sejong the Great. Korea then fell into stagnation in the latter part of the Joseon Dynasty and, by the late 19th century, became the object of imperial designs by the great powers.
In 1905, Korea was occupied by Japan and remained a colony until the end of World War II. American and Soviet troops then occupied the country and helped establish governments sympathetic to their respective ideologies, leading to its current division.
Korea is often called the "Land of the Morning Calm" for its serene sunrises and peaceful mornings.
The common name "Korea" derives from the Goryeo period of Korean history, which in turn referred to the ancient kingdom of Goguryeo. It is now commonly used in English contexts by both South and North Korea.
In the Korean language, Korea as a whole is referred to as Hanguk (Korean hangul: ??; hanja: 韓國; revised: Hanguk; McCune-Reischauer: Han'guk) by South Korea and Chos?n (Korean chos?n'g?l: ??; hanja: 朝鮮; McCune-Reischauer: Chosǒ; revised: Joseon ) by North Korea.
There is archaeological evidence that people were living on the Korean Peninsula around 700,000 years ago, ring the Lower Paleolithic. The earliest known Korean pottery dates to around 7000 BC, and the Neolithic period begins around 6000 BC. The Jeulmun Pottery Period spans from 3500 BC to 2000 BC.
[edit]
Gojoseon
Korea was founded in 2333 BC, according to the Dangun legend. This kingdom, known as Joseon, is usually called Gojoseon (meaning Old Joseon) distinguishing it from the modern Joseon Dynasty. Gojoseon cultural artifacts and walled cities are found throughout Korea and southern Manchuria.
Archeological and contemporary written records indicate it likely developed from a federation of walled cities into a centralized state sometime between the 7th and 4th centuries BC, when it declared itself a kingdom and warred with northern Zhou dynasty kingdoms. In 108 BC, the Chinese Han dynasty defeated Gojoseon and installed four commanderies in northern Korea (including one near present-day Pyongyang) and Manchuria primarily as commercial outposts. Three of those commanderies fell to local resistance by 75 BC.
A state called Jin existed in southern Korea prior to Gojoseon's fall. Although very little is known about its political organization, bronze artifacts from the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC have been uncovered in the region. Samhan, three loose confederacies that claimed descent from Jin, followed. In the north, the expanding Goguryeo united Buyeo, Okjeo, and Dongye in the former Gojoseon territory, and destroyed the last Chinese commandery in 313 AD.
A Korean pagoda[edit]
Joseon Dynasty (1392-1905)
In 1392, Yi Seong-gye established the Joseon Dynasty, moving the capital to Hanseong (now Seoul). During the first 200 years of the new dynasty, the northern territory was added, the area of cultivated land was doubled, science and technique state jumped up, new letters fitted for Korean language (hunminjeongeum) was established, many books were published for elementary ecation, and constitution and law were completed.
During the late 1590s, Japan invaded Korea in two failed attempts, known together as the Seven-Year War, causing great destruction. The invaders burnt down anything they could not take back to Japan and this is when major Korean cultural artifacts went missing. With the assistance of Ming Chinese troops and the ironclad warships of Admiral Yi Sunsin, Joseon forces were able to repel the Japanese.
After the invasion by Japan, however, in the 1620s and 1630s the Joseon Dynasty was not able to defend Korea from invasion by Manchu troops. It agreed to recognize the legitimacy of the new Qing Dynasty as rulers of China. Korea then enjoyed more than two centuries of peace. In fact, the country isolated itself from the outside world so much that it was often called the "Hermit Kingdom".
The Joseon Dynasty is believed to be the longest-lived actively ruling dynasty in East Asia.
[edit]
Japanese occupation
Main article: Korea under Japanese rule
Beginning in the 1870s, Japan began to force Korea to move out of China's sphere of influence into its own. In 1895, Empress Min of Korea was murdered by the Japanese under Miura Goro's directive (Kim et al. 1976). After the Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese Wars, Japan gained dominance over Korea. In 1910, Japan forced Korea to sign the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty.
Japanese occupation was brutal and led many Koreans to resist, eventually leading to the independence movement in 1919. This movement was brutally suppressed and thousands were killed by occupation forces.
During World War II, many Koreans were forced to support the Japanese war effort. Tens of thousands men were conscripted into Japan's military, while up to 200,000 women were used as forced laborers and sex slaves, often called "comfort women". About 60,000 Koreans working under harsh conditions in Japanese mines are known to have died between 1939 and 1945, and an unknown number of people were forced to become samples for Japanese biological experiments concted by the Unit 731.
Anti-Japanese sentiment still runs fairly strong in Korea, especially in older generations, as a result of what Koreans see as continuing unrepentant actions.
[edit]
Division
Main article: Division of Korea
With the defeat of Japan in 1945, the Japanese colonial government was immediately replaced with American and Soviet presence. The Soviet Union supported the North Korean government, which was also associated with Communist China; the United States was closely allied to South Korea, helping Koreans with experience under the Japanese occupation to gain power and suppress Communists. Koreans faced bitter divisions: former collaborators were widely mistrusted and hated by Koreans, yet they possessed the most experience and remained in power. Communism began to take hold in Korea, and Koreans who had fought along with Communist China gained power and fame.
[edit]
Korean War and hopes for reunification
Main articles: Korean War, Korean reunification
According to some political scientists, the Korean War resulted directly from the U.S. policy of Containment. The United States supported Korean nationalists who opposed Communism, funded and staffed the South Korean army, and influenced the United Nations to support the South Korean military (Cumings 1997). In 1945, in the aftermath of World War II, the United Nations developed plans for a trusteeship administration, the United States effectively began administering the peninsula south of the 38th parallel and the Soviet Union administering north. The politics of the Cold War resulted in the 1948 establishment of two separate governments.
However, it is certain that North Korea invaded South Korea long after the US army left South Korea except for some advisers and when the South Korean government did not take the possibility of N. Korea's invasion seriously. The day when the war broke out was Sunday, and more than two thirds of the military forces were off ty in South Korea, and the North Korean army's campaign began at 4 AM.
The Korean War began in June 1950 and lasted until 1953. The North Korean army invaded the South without any notice or warning, prompting U.S. and then Chinese intervention. Millions of Koreans died, and the United States waged a bombing campaign over North Korea that effectively destroyed most cities: "There were simply 'no more cities in North Korea'" (Cumings 1997: 298). After three devastating years of fighting, the war ended in a ceasefire agreement at approximately the same boundary, though South Korea gained slightly more territory than it lost. This boundary was set as the demilitarized zone which constitutes the border between the two countries. The two countries never signed a peace treaty. Both Korean states proclaim eventual reunification as a goal, and a united Korea is very much a part of Korean ethno-cultural identity.
Since the 1990s, with progressively liberal South Korean administrations, as well as the death of North Korean founder Kim Il-sung, the two sides have taken halting, symbolic steps towards cooperation, in international sporting events, reunification of separated family members, economic matters, and tourism.
Recently, in effort to promote reconciliation, the two Koreas have adopted a single Unification Flag. While this flag may represent Korea at international sporting events, it is not the official flag of either North Korea or South Korea. Both states still officially retain the two separate national flags that they have used since their foundings in 1948.
See also: History of South Korea, History of North Korea
[edit]
Geography
Main article: Korean peninsula
See also: Geography of North Korea, Geography of South Korea, Provinces of Korea
Korea is located on the Korean Peninsula in North-East Asia. It is bound by two countries and three seas. To the northwest, the Yalu River separates Korea from China and to the north, the Tumen River separates Korea from Russia. The Yellow Sea is to the west, the South China Sea is to the south, and the Sea of Japan (East Sea) is to the east of Korea. Notable islands include Jeju-do, Ulleung-do, and Dok-do.
The southern part and western part of the Korean mainland have well developed plains, while the eastern and northern parts are mountainous. The highest mountain in Korea is Mt. Baek (2744m, Changshan in chinese). The border with China runs through the mountain. The southern extension of Mt. Baek is a highland called Gaema Gowon. This highland was mainly raised ring the Cenozoic orogeny and partly covered by volcanic matter. To the south of Gaema Gowon, successive high mountains are located along the eastern coast of the Korean Peninsula. This series of mountains is named Baekdaegan. Some significant mountains include Sobaeksan (2,184 m), Baeksan (1,724 m), Geumgangsan (1,638 m), Seoraksan (1,708 m), Taebaeksan (1,567 m) and Jirisan (1,915 m). There are several lower, secondary mountain series whose direction is almost perpendicular to that of Baekdaegan. They are developed along the tectonic line of Mesozoic orogeny and their directions are NW, NWW.
As opposed to the old mountains on the mainland, some important islands in Korea were formed by volcanic activity in the recent Cenozoic. Jeju-do, situated off the south coastline of the Korean Peninsula, is a large volcanic island whose main mountain is Mt. Halla (1950 m). Ulleung-do and the Dok-do are volcanic islands in the Sea of Japan, whose composition is more feslic than Jeju. The volcanic islands tend to be younger as one moves westward.
Because the mountainous regions are biased toward the eastern part of the peninsula, the main rivers tend to flow to westwards. Two exceptions are the southward-flowing Nakdong River and the Seomjin River. Important rivers running westward include the Yalu, Cheongcheon River, Daedong River, Han River, Geum River, and Yeongsan River. These rivers have vast flood plains and they provide an ideal environment for rice cultivation.
The southern and southwestern coastline of the Korean Peninsula is a well-developed Lias coastline. It is known as Dadohae in Korean. Its complicated coastline provides mild seas, and the resulting calm environment allows for safe navigation, fishing, and seaweed farming. In addition to the complex coastline, the western coast of the Korean peninsula has an extremely high tidal amplitude (at Incheon, around the middle of the western coast, it is as high as 9 m). Vast tidal flats are developing on the south and west coastline of the Korean Peninsula.
[edit]
Demographics
Main article: Korean people
Korea is populated by a relatively homogeneous ethnic group, the Koreans, who speak a distinct language called Korean and use the unique script hangul.
A minority of ethnic Chinese (about 20,000) [1]) exists in South Korea and small communities of ethnic Chinese and Japanese are said to exist in North Korea ([2]).
The foreign workforce in South Korea, primarily consisting of laborers from countries like Bangladesh, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Vietnam, is estimated at over half a million. There are also more than 10,000 Americans, Australians, British, Canadians, Irish, and South Africans working as English language teachers in the country. In addition, about 30,000 U.S. soldiers are on active ty in South Korea.
The combined population of the Korean Peninsula is about 73 million persons.
See also: Demographics of South Korea, Demographics of North Korea
[edit]
Language
Main articles: Korean language, Hangul
See also: Korean numerals, Korean name
[edit]
Culture
Main article: Culture of Korea
See also: Korean architecture, Korean art, Korean pottery
Korean buddhist architectureIn ancient Chinese texts, Korea is referred to as "Rivers and Mountains Embroidered on Silk" (錦綉江山) and "Eastern Nation of Decorum" (東方禮儀之國). During the 7th and 8th centuries, land and sea trading networks connected Korea to Arabia. As early as 845, Arab traders mentioned Korea saying, "Over the sea beyond China lies a mountainous country called 'Silla', rich in gold. Muslims who arrive there by accident are so attracted by its character that they stay there forever and do not want to leave."
According to Japanese records, Korean scholars introced Chinese knowledge and technology, including Chinese characters and the major classics, such as the Confucian Analects to Japan. In 554, the Korean kingdom of Baekje sent doctors, herb and calendar specialists, and diviners to Japan, and in 602, a Baekje monk named Kwalluk, was dispatched to deliver books on astronomy, calendar-making, geography, and divination.
Korean festivities often showcase vibrant colors, which have been attributed to Mongolian influences: bright red, yellow, and green often mark traditional Korean motifs [3]. These bright colors are sometimes seen in the traditional dress known as hanbok.
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Religion and ecation
Amitabha and Eight Great Bodhisattvas, Goryeo scroll from the 1300sMain articles: Korean Confucianism, Korean Buddhism, Christianity in Korea
Confucian tradition has dominated Korean thought, along with contributions by Buddhism, Taoism, and Korean Shamanism. Since the middle of the 20th century, however, Christianity has competed with Buddhism to be the dominant religious force in South Korea, while religion has been suppressed in North Korea.
According to 2003 statistics compiled by the South Korean government, about 46 % of citizens profess to follow no particular religion. Christians account for 27.3% of the population and Buddhists 25.3%.
Koreans valued scholarship and rewarded ecation and study of Chinese classic texts; Yangban boys were highly ecated in Hanja. Until modern times, Koreans placed a lot of emphasis on hereditary status. Until the 10th century, a man's "bone rank" (determined by the rank of his father and his mother) defined his social status and what government post he would be appointed to. From the 10th century through to the end of the 19th century, the social status of a man's father and mother determined which civil service examination, if any, he could take but did not guarantee him a post.
In April 2006, South Korea became the first country in the world to provide high-speed internet access to all of its primary and secondary schools. [4]
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Cuisine
Main article: Korean cuisine
Korean cuisine is probably best known for kimchi, which uses a distinctive fermentation process of preserving vegetables. Chili peppers are also commonly used, which has given it a reputation for being spicy. Bulgogi (roasted marinated beef or pork), galbi (rib), and samgyeopsal (pork fatback) are popular meat entrees. Koreans meals are accompanied by a soup or stew, often made with dwenjang bean paste.
See also: Korean tea ceremony, Korean royal court cuisine
[edit]
Sports
South Korea hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, giving the country an economic boost through increased tourism and greater world recognition. At the time, North Korea boycotted the event on the grounds that it was not made co-host.
⑸ 用英語介紹韓國的食物
Korean cuisine, as a national cuisine known today has evolved through centuries of social and political change. Its roots can be traced back to myths and legends of antiquity. Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in southern Manchuria and northern Korean peninsula, Korean cuisine has evolved through a complex interaction of the natural environment and different cultural trends.
Ingredients and dishes vary by province. There are many significant regional dishes that have become both national and regional. Many dishes that were once regional, however, have proliferated in different variations across the country in the present day. The Korean royal court cuisine once brought all of the unique regional specialties together for the royal family. Meals consumed both by the royal family and ordinary Korean citizens have been regulated by a culture of etiquette that is unique to Korea.
Korean cuisine is largely based on rice, noodles, tofu, vegetables, and meats. Traditional Korean meals are noted for the number of side dishes (banchan) that accompany steam-cooked short-grain rice. Kimchi, a fermented, spicy vegetable dish is usually served at every meal. Korean cuisine usually involves rich seasoning with sesame oil, doenjang (fermented soybean paste), soy sauce, salt, garlic, ginger, and gochujang (red chili paste).
⑹ 求韓國料理英語介紹
Korean foods are definitely different from foods elsewhere in the world. The one attribute which stands out the most is spiciness. The other is that many dishes are served at room temperature (yet some are served boiling hot). Korean food has a distinctive flavor, with the use of various vegetables and spices to complement the meats. Hanjongshik (한정식) literally means "full course Korean meal" which consists of grilled fish, steamed short ribs, and multiple side dishes. The usual Korean meal is rather elaborate when served in a restaurant even if defined only by the quantity offered.
The staple of the Korean diet is kimchi (김치). It has become, through tradition and enring style, almost a religious activity to prepare. Kimjang (김장), which occurs in the autumn harvest season, is the most important annual social event of Korea, at which time the dish is prepared in great quantities. The ingredients are trucked in in huge piles. The women gather in groups to spend hours cutting, washing and salting the cabbage and white radishes. Then they are rubbed with red pepper, then garlicked and pickled. The concoction is then buried in huge earthenware crocks to keep it fresh yet fermenting though the winter months. By the time the moment arrives for people to feast upon the final proct, it is fiery hot. Some kimchi is milder, such as a light brine kimchi, usually prepared in the summer months when it is difficult to retain its freshness. There is also a type of light kimchi soup - fermented water with vegetables which is usually served aside a variety of other side dishes.
Numerous meat dishes are available. The most popular of these is pulgogi (불고기), or "fire beef," which is thinly sliced marinated beef, marinated ribs, unmarinated sliced beef or unmarinated sliced pork. Some call it barbecued beef, and is appreciated by many Western people. It is broiled in a convex slotted brazier with a catcher for collecting the rich juices which can be made into a delicious soup after the meal. Kalbi (갈비), steamed or broiled marinated beef or pork short ribs, is also quite popular, and is more tender than pulgogi. Shinsillo is a delicious mixture of meat, fish, vegetables and bean curd. It is served simmered in a beef broth over a charcoal broiler with a small chimney. It is also sometimes served with eggs and gingko nuts.
Pibimbap (비빔밥) is made from cooked rice mixed with bits of meat, seasoned vegetables, and egg. It is sometimes prepared with koch'ujang (고추장), a red pepper sauce. Genghis Khan is made from thin slices of beef cooked in a broth mixed with vegetables, herbs, and spices. Broiled to-mi (도미) is red snapper served with sweet and sour vegetables. Other popular dishes are takmokam, stewed chicken; sojum kui, beef pieces barbecued on an iron-hot plate then dipped in salt and pepper; and kimpap (김밥), chopped meat and vegetables wrapped in rice and dried seaweed, usually served with a bowl of soup and pickled radishes.
Vegetable dishes are also very popular in Korea. In fact, rice is meant to be the main course of a meal, and the additional foods are intended to enhance its flavor. Naengmyon (냉면) is a single, independent dish of cold noodles, and jajangmyon (짜장면, 자장면) is noodles with black sauce. Man (만두) is steamed mplings.
Soups (국) in Korea vary in taste and potency. Maeuntang (매운탕) is a spicy, hot seafood soup that usually includes white fish, vegetables, soybean curd, red pepper powder, and a poached egg. Twoenjang-guk (된장국) is a fermented soybean paste soup with shortnecked clams in its broth. Miyok-guk (미역국) is a vegetable soup prepared with dried spinach, sliced radish, or dried seaweed. Also popular is a light broth boiled from highly seasoned dried anchovies.
The herbs and spices which give Korean meals such a delicious flavor also carry medicinal properties. Mugworts, aralia shoots, sowthistle, and shepherd's purse are eaten in the meal to help cool or warm the head and body. Additionally, kimchi is a valuable source of vitamin C.
Korean food, whether a spicy hot kimchi or a mild dish of cold naengmyon, is characteristic of Korean tradition. The serving style of multiple side dishes and at-your-table cooking creates a warm, homely feel. The long and thorough preparation makes the taste completely fill a dish, through the broth cooking and fermentation. Korean food is in a class by itself.
參考資料：://www.zkorean.com/about_korea/korean_food
⑺ 怎樣用英語介紹韓國`
HAN GUO HAO DI FAN,DAN SHI WO MEI QU GUO 我就會這一句用吧挺好的
⑻ 介紹韓國美食的英語文章，最好有翻譯
Whether you are planning to eat in a Korean restaurant, visit Korea, or cook your own Korean food at home, this quick introction to Korean cuisine will give you all the basics you need.
The Side Dishes
Korean foodstands out from other cuisines with the many side dishes (banchan) that are served ring meals. The number of side dishes can range anywhere from 2 to 12, but everyday meals feature at least a few.
So when you eat at a Korean restaurant, your various side dishes will come to you before your meal in small bowls and can be anything from vegetables to meat to seafood prepared in any number of ways. Korean dishes are all served at the same time, so there are no separate courses like in Western cuisines.
The Basics
Rice is the backbone of almost everyKorean meal. On rare occasions, noodles will replace the rice, but the vast majority of the time, every person eats a bowl of rice with their meal. Typically, each person will also have their own bowl of soup or stew. The side dishes and main dish or dishes, which can be meat, seafood, or tofu are all be served family-style in the middle of the table. Sometimes a large stew will replace the main dish and will be served family-style at the table.
Common Ingredients
Koreans have perfected the art of preserving food over thousands of years, so many of the side dishes are pickled, salted, or fermented and many are spicy.
Kimchi, Korea's famous spicy cabbage, has over a hundred varieties of different vegetables, including some non-spicy types. Even thoughKorean stewsand soups are served very hot (almost boiling), many of the side dishes are served cold or at room temperature.
Korea is a peninsula, so Koreans eat a lot of seafood although meat has become very popular in the last 50 or so years.
The most common spices and sauces used in Korean cuisine are: sesame oil, chili pepper paste (kochujang), chili pepper flakes (kochukaru), soybean paste (daenjang), soy sauce, garlic, ginger, and scallions. As a result, much of Korean cuisine is intensely flavored, savory, and bold.
The Little Things
Everything, including meat and poultry, is cut into bite-sized pieces so there is no need for a knife. Koreans are also adept atusing chopsticksso if the meat is too large or a whole grilled fish is served, it can be split with chopsticks. (Many Korean meat dishes are braised or marinated for a long time for a tender flesh). Korean food is traditionally eaten with stainless steel chopsticks and a long stainless steel spoon and is traditionally served at a low table with people sitting on the floor.
Some Korean Culinary History
Korean cuisine has been affected by its geography (peninsula), climate (hot, humid summers and very cold winters), proximity to neighbors China and Japan, and the Japanese occupation from 1910-1945. European traders also had an impact on the cuisine with the Portuguese introction of chili peppers to Korea in the 17th century. By the 18th century, chili peppers were already being widely used in the preparation of Korean cuisine.
無論您是計劃在韓國餐廳吃飯，還是去韓國，或者在家中烹制自己的韓國料理，韓國料理的簡介將為您提供所需的所有基礎知識。
副菜
韓國料理與其他菜餚脫穎而出，並配有多種餐點。配菜的數量可以在2到12之間，但每天的餐點至少有幾個。
所以當您在韓國餐廳吃飯時，您的各種配菜將會在您的小碗飯之前到達您面前，可以從蔬菜到肉類以及以任何方式准備的海鮮。韓式菜餚同時供應，所以沒有西餐的單獨課程。
主菜
米飯是幾乎每個韓國料理的骨幹。在極少數情況下，面條會取代米飯，但絕大多數時候，每個人都用一頓飯吃飯。通常，每個人也會有自己的碗湯或燉湯。可以在肉中，海鮮或豆腐的配菜和主菜或菜餚都在桌子的中間供應家庭風味。有時候大燉菜會取代主菜，並在桌子上供應家庭風味。
常用成分
韓國人已經完善了數千年來保存食物的藝術，所以很多配菜都是腌制，腌制或發酵的，許多都是辣的。
韓國著名的辣白菜泡菜有不同種類的不同蔬菜，包括一些非辣類。盡管韓國燉湯和湯湯很熱（幾乎沸騰），但許多配菜都是冷的或室溫的。
韓國是一個半島，所以韓國人吃了很多海鮮，雖然肉已經在過去的50多年裡變得非常受歡迎了。
韓國料理中最常用的香料和調味醬是：芝麻油，辣椒醬（kochujang），辣椒片（kochukaru），大豆醬（daenjang），醬油，大蒜，姜和。蔥。因此，韓國料理的味道很濃，味道鮮美，大膽。
其他
所有的東西，包括肉和家禽，都被切成小塊，所以不需要一把刀。韓國人也擅長使用筷子，如果肉太大或者一整條烤魚都可以用筷子分開。 （許多韓國肉類菜餚長期燉或腌制肉嫩）。傳統上，用不銹鋼筷子和長不銹鋼勺子吃韓國料理，傳統上是坐在地板上的低桌子上。
一些韓國烹飪史
韓國料理的地理（半島），氣候（炎熱，潮濕的夏天和非常寒冷的冬天），鄰近的中國和日本以及日本的佔領從1910年至1945年受到影響。歐洲貿易商也在17世紀與葡萄牙向韓國引進辣椒對美食產生了影響。到十八世紀，辣椒已經被廣泛用於製作韓國料理。
⑼ 求人幫助寫介紹韓國美食的文章 （要英文的 ）最好有翻譯
South Korean cuisine has a local flavor and characteristics, emphasizing the natural keeping in good health, also pay attention to appearance and flavor, with chili sauce as the most representative of seasonings, South Korea much vegetables give priority to with appetizers, pickled. Whether the palace of preserve one's health food science or delicious taste traditional diet or red someone kimchi, food is not missed. Now I will introce some to South Korea will eat the delicious cuisines.
Korean barbecue (SoBulGalBi) :
Korean barbecue, the cow is a important health food, South Korea, one of the most popular is the roast beef and grilled steak, before the barbecue with seasoned first, and then put on the iron plate roasted, baked after dipping chili sauce or South Korea bean paste, rolled in vegetables such as lettuce, sesame leaves to eat, taste fresh and not greasy.
Spicy Fried rice cakes (DkBokki) :
Is South Korea famous snacks, also is the young girl's favourite, cylindrical article rice cake cut into paragraphs, fiddling with red chili sauce hyped, sometimes also will join some tempura, flake material such as eggs, sweet potato, sweet in taste spicy, spicy with sweet, the taste is special. To South Korea, must taste is worthwhile.
Pickled vegetable (KimChi) :
Is one of South Korea famous traditional food, generally is one of the most common cabbage kimchi, pickled cucumber, radish kimchi, leaf vegetables pickled vegetables, etc. Kimchi has been bacteria and promote gastrointestinal digestion, such as multiple effect recing weight.
韓國美食頗有地方風味和特色，強調自然養生，也講究外觀和調味，以辣椒醬為最具代表性的調味料，韓國蔬菜多以冷盤、腌制為主。不論是科學養生的宮中料理還是滋味鮮美的傳統飲食或者是紅艷有人的泡菜，都是不可錯過的美食。現在我就向大家介紹一些到韓國必吃的地道美食。
韓國烤肉（SoBulGalBi）：
韓牛燒烤是韓國重要的養生料理，其中最受歡迎的就是烤牛肉和烤牛排，在燒烤前會先用作料腌制，然後放在鐵板上烤，烤熟後蘸辣椒醬或者韓國豆醬，以生菜、芝麻葉等蔬菜卷著吃，滋味鮮而不膩。
辣炒年糕（DkBokki）：
是韓國有名的小吃，也是年輕女生的最愛，圓柱形的年糕條切成一段一段，攪合著紅彤彤的辣椒醬一起熱炒，有時候也會加入一些片狀的「甜不辣」、雞蛋、地瓜等材料，口感中甜中帶辣，辣中帶甜，滋味非凡。來韓國，一定要嘗一下才算不虛此行
泡菜（KimChi）：
是韓國響當當的傳統料理之一，一般最常見的是白菜泡菜，還包括黃瓜泡菜、蘿卜泡菜、葉菜類泡菜等。泡菜有一直病菌以及促進腸胃消化、減肥等多重功效。
⑽ 介紹韓國飲食英文
Korean foods are definitely different from foods elsewhere in the world. The one attribute which stands out the most is spiciness. The other is that many dishes are served at room temperature(yest some are served boiling hot). Korean food has a distinctive flavor, with the use of various vegetables and spices to complement the meats. Hanjongshik (한정식) literally means "full course Korean meal" which consists of grilled fish, steamed short ribs, and multiple side dishes. The usual Korean meal is rather elaborate when served in a restaurant even if defined only by the quantity offered.
The staple of the Korean diet is kimchi (김치). It has become, through tradition and enring style, almost a religious activity to prepare. Kimjang (김장), which occurs in the autumn harvest season, is the most important annual social event of Korea, at which time the dish is composed in great quantities. The ingredients are trucked in in huge piles. The women gather in groups to spend hours cutting, washing and salting the cabbage and white radishes. Then they are dosed with red pepper, then garlicked and pickled. The concoction is then buried in huge earthenware crocks to keep it fresh yet fermenting though the winter months. By the time comes to feast upon the final proct, it is fiery hot. Some kimchi is milder, such as a light brine kimchi, usually prepared in the summer months when kimchi is difficult to retain its freshness. There is also a type of light kimchi soup, fermented water with vegetables which is usually served aside a variety of other side dishes.
Numerous meat dishes are available. The most popular of these is pulgogi (불고기), or "fire beef," which can be thinly sliced marinated beef, marinated ribs, unmarinated sliced beef or unmarinated sliced pork. Some call it barbecued beef, and is appreciated by many Western people. It is broiled in a convex slotted brazier with a catcher for collecting the rich juices which can be made into a delicious soup after the meal. Kalbi (갈비), steamed or broiled marinated beef or pork short ribs, is also quite popular, and is more tender than pulgogi. Shinsillo is a delicious mixture of meat, fish, vegetables and bean curd. It is served simmered in a beef broth over a charcoal broiler with a small chimney. It is also sometimes served with eggs and gingko nuts.
Pibimbap (비빔밥) is made from cooked rice mixed with bits of meat, seasoned vegetables, and egg. It is sometimes prepared with koch'ujang (고추장), a red pepper sauce. Genghis Khan is made from thin slices of beef cooked in a broth mixed with vegetables, herbs, and spices. Broiled to-mi (도미) is red snapper served with sweet and sour vegetables. Other popular dishes are takmokam, stewed chicken; sojum kui, beef pieces barbecued on an iron-hot plate then dipped in salt and pepper; and kimpap (김밥), chopped meat and vegetables wrapped in rice and dried seaweed, usually served with a bowl of soup and pickled radishes.
Vegetable dishes are also very popular in Korea. In fact, rice is meant to be the main course of a meal, and the additional foods are intended to enhance its flavor. Naengmyon (냉면) is a single, independent dish of cold noodles, and jajangmyon (짜장면, 자장면) is noodles with black sauce. Man (만두) is steamed mplings.
Soups (국) in Korea vary in taste and potency. Maeuntang (매운탕) is a spicy, hot seafood soup that usually includes white fish, vegetables, soybean curd, red pepper powder, and a poached egg. Twoenjang-guk (된장국) is a fermented soybean paste soup with shortnecked clams in its broth. Miyok-guk (미역국) is a vegetable soup prepared with dried spinach, sliced radish, or dried seaweed. Also popular is a light broth boiled from highly seasoned dried anchovies.
The herbs and spices which give Korean meals such a delicious flavor also carry medicinal properties. Mugworts, aralia shoots, sowthistle, and shepherd's purse are eaten in the meal to help cool or warm the head and body. Additionally, kimchi is a valuable source of vitamin C.
Korean food, whether a spicy hot kimchi or a mild dish of cold naengmyon, is characteristic of Korean tradition. The serving style of multiple side dishes and at-your-table cooking creates a warm, homely feel. The long and thorough preparation makes the taste completely fill a dish, through the broth cooking and fermentation. Korean food is in a class by itself.