關於瓷器的介紹用英語怎麼說
Ⅰ 景德鎮瓷器英文介紹
Jingdezhen porcelain is famous for its white porcelain.
（景德鎮瓷器以白瓷為聞名。）
Known as "white as jade, bright as mirror, thin as paper, sound like qing" said.
（素有「白如玉，明如鏡，薄如紙，聲如磬」之稱。）
The variety is complete, once reached more than 3000 kinds of name.
（品種齊全，曾達三千多種品名。）
Excellent porcelain, lightweight modeling, decorative diversity.
（瓷質優良，造型輕巧，裝飾多樣。）
In the decoration of blue and white, glaze red, ancient color, pastel, bucket color, new color and so on.
（在裝飾方面有青花、釉里紅、古彩、粉彩、鬥彩、新彩等。）
Among them especially to blue and white, powder color procts for the bulk, color glaze for famous proction.
（其中尤以青花、粉彩產品為大宗，顏色釉為名產。）
There are many varieties of glaze, such as green, blue, red, yellow, black and so on.
（釉色品種很多，有青、藍、紅、黃、黑等類。）
Only red glaze system, that is, jun red, lang kiln red, ji red and rose purple, etc.
（僅紅釉系統，即有鈞紅、郎窯紅、霽紅和玫瑰紫等。）
The procts are well known in the world and are one of the outstanding representatives of ancient ceramic art.
（均用"還原焰"燒成，產品馳名世界， 是稱譽世界的古代陶瓷藝術傑出代表之一。）
(1)關於瓷器的介紹用英語怎麼說擴展閱讀
景德鎮瓷器品質特性：景德鎮瓷器自古以來，名揚天下。在琳琅滿目的瓷器中，最著名的有典雅素凈的青花瓷，明凈剔透的青花玲瓏瓷，五彩繽紛的顏色釉瓷。
幽靜雅緻的青花影青瓷，古樸清麗的古彩瓷，萬紫千紅的新彩瓷，明麗雋秀的窯彩瓷，別開生面的總和裝飾瓷等。這些珍貴的名瓷，被人們譽為「中華民族文化之精華」、「瓷國之瑰寶」。
Ⅱ 陶瓷的英語介紹
"陶瓷"是一種通稱,"陶"和"瓷"在質地上、物理性能上有很大區別。中國是最早製造陶器的國家之一,是最早發明瓷器的國家。
陶器的出現大約在距今1萬年左右,中國進入新石器時代,開始了定居生活,盛水、蓄物等日常生活的需要,促使了陶器的發明。中國陶器的分布比較廣泛,主要集中的在黃河流域和長江流域。其中仰韶文化是新石器時期比較有代表性的文化類型,以彩陶為特點,也稱"彩陶文化",它派生出半坡和廟底溝兩個類型,裝飾圖案有很高的藝術價值。馬家窯文化是新石器晚期的文化類型,比仰韶文化略晚,距今約5000年。黑陶是繼彩陶之後的又一偉大創造發明,距今約4000年的龍山文化時期,出現了工藝獨特的蛋殼陶。近些年來,山東、河北一帶多有仿製,有較高的收藏價值。秦漢時期的陶俑,是我國古代人物雕塑的高峰,使制陶技術和藝術達到了很高的境地。此外,唐代的三彩器、明清兩代的紫砂器等,都是中國陶器文物的重要內容,很值得深入收藏和研究。
陶瓷(Ceramics),陶器和瓷器的總稱。陶瓷的傳統概念是指所有以粘土等無機非金屬礦物為原料的人工工業產品。它包括由粘土或含有粘土的混合物經混煉,成形,煅燒而製成的各種製品。由最粗糙的土器到最精細的精陶和瓷器都屬於它的范圍。對於它的主要原料是取之於自然界的硅酸鹽礦物(如粘土、長石、石英等),因此與玻璃、水泥、搪瓷、耐火材料等工業,同屬於"硅酸鹽工業"(Silicate Instry)的范疇。
陶瓷的發展史是中華文明史的一個重要的組成部分,中國作為四大文明古國之一,為人類社會的進步和發展做出了卓越的貢獻,其中陶瓷的發明和發展更具有獨特的意義,中國歷史上各朝各代不同藝術風格和不同技術特點。英文中的"china"既有中國的意思,又有陶瓷的意思,清楚地表明了中國就是"陶瓷的故鄉"。
早在歐洲人掌握瓷器製造技術一千多年前,中國人就已經製造出很精美的陶瓷器。中國是世界上最早應用陶器的國家之一,而中國瓷器因其極高的實用性和藝術性而備受世人的推崇。
所謂陶器和瓷器是指用可塑性制瓷粘土和瓷石礦做胎體,用長石和石英等原料制釉,並且通過成型、乾燥、燒制而成的製品,主要有日用、藝術、和建築陶器等三種。考古發現已經證明中國人早在新石器時代(約公元前8000)就發明了陶器。原始社會晚期出現的農業生產使中國人的祖先過上了比較固定的生活,客觀上對陶器有了需求。人們為了提高生活的方便,提高生活質量,逐漸通過燒制粘土燒制出了陶器。
隨著近代科學技術的發展,近百年來又出現了許多新的陶瓷品種。它們不再使用或很少使用粘土、長石、石英等傳統陶瓷原料,而是使用其他特殊原料,甚至擴大到非硅酸鹽,非氧化物的范圍,並且出現了許多新的工藝。美國和歐洲一些國家的文獻已將"Ceramic"一詞理解為各種無機非金屬固體材料的通稱。因此陶瓷的含義實際上已遠遠超越過去狹窄的傳統觀念了。
迄今為止,陶瓷器的界說似可概括地作如下描述:陶瓷是用鋁硅酸鹽礦物或某些氧化物等為主要原料,依照人的意圖通過特定的物理化學工藝在高溫下以一定的溫度和氣氛製成的具有一定型式的工藝岩石。表面可施釉或不施釉,若干瓷質還具有不同程度的半透明度,通體是由一種或多種晶體或與無定形膠結物及氣孔或與熟料包裹體等微觀結構組成。
陶瓷工業是硅酸鹽工業的主要分支之一,屬於無機化學工業范圍.但現代科學高度綜合,互相滲透,從整個陶瓷工業製造工藝的內容來分析,它的錯綜復雜與牽涉之廣,顯然不是僅用無機化學的理論所能概括的。
陶瓷製品的品種繁多,它們之間的化學成分.礦物組成,物理性質,以及製造方法,常常互相接近交錯,無明顯的界限,而在應用上卻有很大的區別。因此很難硬性地歸納為幾個系統,詳細的分類法各家說法不一,到現在國際上還沒有一個統一的分類方法。
"Ceramic" is a generic term, "Tao" and "Porcelain" in texture, the physical properties there are very different. China was among the first to create one of the countries of pottery, porcelain was one of the first invention.
The emergence of pottery dating back about 1 million years or so, China has entered the New Stone Age, began to settle in life, water, with objects of daily life, such as the need to promote the invention of pottery. Chinese pottery wider distribution, mainly in the Yangtze River and Yellow River Basin. Yangshao culture which is the New Stone Age culture more representative of the type, characterized by painted pottery, also known as the "painted pottery culture", which derived Banpo and Miao Digou two types of decorative patterns, has high artistic value. Majiayao culture is the culture of the late New Stone Age type than a little late Yangshao culture, since about 5000. Black painted pottery is the second after another great invention, since about 4000 the Longshan Culture period, there has been a unique process of eggshell pottery. In recent years, Shandong, Hebei and more in the vicinity of imitation, there is a high value for collection. Qin and Han Dynasty pottery figurine of China's ancient sculpture of the peak figure, so that the ceramic technology and the arts reached a high position. In addition, three of the color of the Tang Dynasty, the Ming and Qing dynasties such as Yixing, China is an important aspect of pottery relics, it is worthy of collection and research.
Ceramics (Ceramics), the general term for pottery and porcelain. Ceramic refers to the traditional concept of all inorganic non-metallic minerals such as clay as raw material of artificial instrial procts. It consists of clay from or containing a mixture of clay by kneading, molding, and calcined made of a variety of procts. By the most rough-earth to the most refined of the fine pottery and porcelain are it. For its main raw materials are derived from natural silicate minerals (such as clay, feldspar, quartz, etc.), and glass, cement, ceramic, refractory material, such as instry, with an "instrial silicate" (Silicate Instry ) Area.
The history of ceramics is the history of Chinese civilization is an important part of China, as one of the four ancient civilizations, human development and social progress made outstanding contributions, including the invention of ceramics and the development of a more unique significance , The history of China-North Korea on behalf of all the different artistic styles and different technical characteristics. English of "china" China not only mean, ceramics and mean, clearly demonstrates China is the "hometown of pottery."
As early as the Europeans have porcelain manufacturing technology over 1000 years ago, Chinese people have created a very fine ceramics. China is the world's first application of one of the countries pottery, and porcelain from China for its high artistic quality and relevance of the world have attracted much praise.
The so-called pottery and porcelain refers to the use of plastic ware and porcelain clay quarry to do matrix, quartz and feldspar, and other raw materials-glaze, and through the forming, drying, firing from the procts, mainly for daily use, art, and architecture Three pottery. Archaeological discoveries have proved that the Chinese people as early as the Neolithic Age (about 8000 BC) invented pottery. The emergence of primitive society with advanced agricultural proction so that the ancestors of the Chinese people lead a life of a relatively fixed, the objective of pottery with the demand. In order to improve people's lives easier, improve the quality of life, graally burn through the burning out of the clay pottery.
With the development of modern science and technology, and the past 100 years there have been many new varieties of ceramics. They no longer use or the use of small clay, feldspar, quartz and other traditional ceramic materials, but the use of other special materials, and even extended to non-silicate, non-oxide scope, and there have been a lot of new technology. The United States and some European countries have literature "Ceramic" understanding of the term for a variety of solid inorganic non-metallic materials known. Therefore, the meaning of ceramics in fact go far beyond the traditional concept in the past the narrow.
To date, the Definition of ceramics may be generally described as follows: The ceramic is aluminum silicate minerals such as oxides or as the main raw material, in accordance with the intention of people through specific physical and chemical processes at a high temperature to a certain degree of Temperature and atmosphere made of a certain type of rock technology. Glazing may be on the surface or glazing, porcelain has a number of different levels of transparency and a half, the species by one or more of the crystal and amorphous or cement and clinker with pores or inclusions, such as micro-structure.
Portland ceramic instry is one of the main branches of instry, belong to the scope of inorganic chemical instry. However, modern science and highly integrated with each other to infiltrate from the ceramic instry as a whole manufacturing process to analyze the contents of its complex and involve wide, is not only Using the theory of inorganic chemistry can be summarized.
A wide variety of ceramic procts, their chemical composition. Mineral composition, physical properties, as well as manufacturing methods, often close to each other staggered, no boundaries, and in the application there is a huge difference. Therefore, it is difficult to be summed up in a few hard and fast system, a detailed classification of the various different view, the international community to now there is no uniform classification.
Ⅲ 求瓷器種類的英文介紹！
前幾天剛做完有關瓷器的英文課前演講，不過資料都被我刪掉了。。。專可惜。。。
專業術語屬太多了，我是講景德鎮瓷器，本人就是景德鎮人~嘿嘿~
當時就列舉了景德鎮4大名瓷，然後列印了若干張照片。。。不好用英文解釋的
網上的相關資料很少很少，而且都是chinglish。。。
Ⅳ 求一篇關於介紹陶瓷的英文文章！！！！！
"陶瓷"是一種通稱,"陶"和"瓷"在質地上、物理性能上有很大區別。中國是最早製造陶器的國家之一,是最早發明瓷器的國家。
陶器的出現大約在距今1萬年左右,中國進入新石器時代,開始了定居生活,盛水、蓄物等日常生活的需要,促使了陶器的發明。中國陶器的分布比較廣泛,主要集中的在黃河流域和長江流域。其中仰韶文化是新石器時期比較有代表性的文化類型,以彩陶為特點,也稱"彩陶文化",它派生出半坡和廟底溝兩個類型,裝飾圖案有很高的藝術價值。馬家窯文化是新石器晚期的文化類型,比仰韶文化略晚,距今約5000年。黑陶是繼彩陶之後的又一偉大創造發明,距今約4000年的龍山文化時期,出現了工藝獨特的蛋殼陶。近些年來,山東、河北一帶多有仿製,有較高的收藏價值。秦漢時期的陶俑,是我國古代人物雕塑的高峰,使制陶技術和藝術達到了很高的境地。此外,唐代的三彩器、明清兩代的紫砂器等,都是中國陶器文物的重要內容,很值得深入收藏和研究。
陶瓷(Ceramics),陶器和瓷器的總稱。陶瓷的傳統概念是指所有以粘土等無機非金屬礦物為原料的人工工業產品。它包括由粘土或含有粘土的混合物經混煉,成形,煅燒而製成的各種製品。由最粗糙的土器到最精細的精陶和瓷器都屬於它的范圍。對於它的主要原料是取之於自然界的硅酸鹽礦物(如粘土、長石、石英等),因此與玻璃、水泥、搪瓷、耐火材料等工業,同屬於"硅酸鹽工業"(Silicate Instry)的范疇。
陶瓷的發展史是中華文明史的一個重要的組成部分,中國作為四大文明古國之一,為人類社會的進步和發展做出了卓越的貢獻,其中陶瓷的發明和發展更具有獨特的意義,中國歷史上各朝各代不同藝術風格和不同技術特點。英文中的"china"既有中國的意思,又有陶瓷的意思,清楚地表明了中國就是"陶瓷的故鄉"。changaiyin
早在歐洲人掌握瓷器製造技術一千多年前,中國人就已經製造出很精美的陶瓷器。中國是世界上最早應用陶器的國家之一,而中國瓷器因其極高的實用性和藝術性而備受世人的推崇。
所謂陶器和瓷器是指用可塑性制瓷粘土和瓷石礦做胎體,用長石和石英等原料制釉,並且通過成型、乾燥、燒制而成的製品,主要有日用、藝術、和建築陶器等三種。考古發現已經證明中國人早在新石器時代(約公元前8000)就發明了陶器。原始社會晚期出現的農業生產使中國人的祖先過上了比較固定的生活,客觀上對陶器有了需求。人們為了提高生活的方便,提高生活質量,逐漸通過燒制粘土燒制出了陶器。
隨著近代科學技術的發展,近百年來又出現了許多新的陶瓷品種。它們不再使用或很少使用粘土、長石、石英等傳統陶瓷原料,而是使用其他特殊原料,甚至擴大到非硅酸鹽,非氧化物的范圍,並且出現了許多新的工藝。美國和歐洲一些國家的文獻已將"Ceramic"一詞理解為各種無機非金屬固體材料的通稱。因此陶瓷的含義實際上已遠遠超越過去狹窄的傳統觀念了。
迄今為止,陶瓷器的界說似可概括地作如下描述:陶瓷是用鋁硅酸鹽礦物或某些氧化物等為主要原料,依照人的意圖通過特定的物理化學工藝在高溫下以一定的溫度和氣氛製成的具有一定型式的工藝岩石。表面可施釉或不施釉,若干瓷質還具有不同程度的半透明度,通體是由一種或多種晶體或與無定形膠結物及氣孔或與熟料包裹體等微觀結構組成。
陶瓷工業是硅酸鹽工業的主要分支之一,屬於無機化學工業范圍.但現代科學高度綜合,互相滲透,從整個陶瓷工業製造工藝的內容來分析,它的錯綜復雜與牽涉之廣,顯然不是僅用無機化學的理論所能概括的。
陶瓷製品的品種繁多,它們之間的化學成分.礦物組成,物理性質,以及製造方法,常常互相接近交錯,無明顯的界限,而在應用上卻有很大的區別。因此很難硬性地歸納為幾個系統,詳細的分類法各家說法不一,到現在國際上還沒有一個統一的分類方法。
"Ceramic" is a generic term, "Tao" and "Porcelain" in texture, the physical properties there are very different. China was among the first to create one of the countries of pottery, porcelain was one of the first invention.
The emergence of pottery dating back about 1 million years or so, China has entered the New Stone Age, began to settle in life, water, with objects of daily life, such as the need to promote the invention of pottery. Chinese pottery wider distribution, mainly in the Yangtze River and Yellow River Basin. Yangshao culture which is the New Stone Age culture more representative of the type, characterized by painted pottery, also known as the "painted pottery culture", which derived Banpo and Miao Digou two types of decorative patterns, has high artistic value. Majiayao culture is the culture of the late New Stone Age type than a little late Yangshao culture, since about 5000. Black painted pottery is the second after another great invention, since about 4000 the Longshan Culture period, there has been a unique process of eggshell pottery. In recent years, Shandong, Hebei and more in the vicinity of imitation, there is a high value for collection. Qin and Han Dynasty pottery figurine of China's ancient sculpture of the peak figure, so that the ceramic technology and the arts reached a high position. In addition, three of the color of the Tang Dynasty, the Ming and Qing dynasties such as Yixing, China is an important aspect of pottery relics, it is worthy of collection and research.
Ceramics (Ceramics), the general term for pottery and porcelain. Ceramic refers to the traditional concept of all inorganic non-metallic minerals such as clay as raw material of artificial instrial procts. It consists of clay from or containing a mixture of clay by kneading, molding, and calcined made of a variety of procts. By the most rough-earth to the most refined of the fine pottery and porcelain are it. For its main raw materials are derived from natural silicate minerals (such as clay, feldspar, quartz, etc.), and glass, cement, ceramic, refractory material, such as instry, with an "instrial silicate" (Silicate Instry ) Area.
The history of ceramics is the history of Chinese civilization is an important part of China, as one of the four ancient civilizations, human development and social progress made outstanding contributions, including the invention of ceramics and the development of a more unique significance , The history of China-North Korea on behalf of all the different artistic styles and different technical characteristics. English of "china" China not only mean, ceramics and mean, clearly demonstrates China is the "hometown of pottery." changaiyin
As early as the Europeans have porcelain manufacturing technology over 1000 years ago, Chinese people have created a very fine ceramics. China is the world's first application of one of the countries pottery, and porcelain from China for its high artistic quality and relevance of the world have attracted much praise.
The so-called pottery and porcelain refers to the use of plastic ware and porcelain clay quarry to do matrix, quartz and feldspar, and other raw materials-glaze, and through the forming, drying, firing from the procts, mainly for daily use, art, and architecture Three pottery. Archaeological discoveries have proved that the Chinese people as early as the Neolithic Age (about 8000 BC) invented pottery. The emergence of primitive society with advanced agricultural proction so that the ancestors of the Chinese people lead a life of a relatively fixed, the objective of pottery with the demand. In order to improve people's lives easier, improve the quality of life, graally burn through the burning out of the clay pottery.
With the development of modern science and technology, and the past 100 years there have been many new varieties of ceramics. They no longer use or the use of small clay, feldspar, quartz and other traditional ceramic materials, but the use of other special materials, and even extended to non-silicate, non-oxide scope, and there have been a lot of new technology. The United States and some European countries have literature "Ceramic" understanding of the term for a variety of solid inorganic non-metallic materials known. Therefore, the meaning of ceramics in fact go far beyond the traditional concept in the past the narrow.
To date, the Definition of ceramics may be generally described as follows: The ceramic is aluminum silicate minerals such as oxides or as the main raw material, in accordance with the intention of people through specific physical and chemical processes at a high temperature to a certain degree of Temperature and atmosphere made of a certain type of rock technology. Glazing may be on the surface or glazing, porcelain has a number of different levels of transparency and a half, the species by one or more of the crystal and amorphous or cement and clinker with pores or inclusions, such as micro-structure.
Portland ceramic instry is one of the main branches of instry, belong to the scope of inorganic chemical instry. However, modern science and highly integrated with each other to infiltrate from the ceramic instry as a whole manufacturing process to analyze the contents of its complex and involve wide, is not only Using the theory of inorganic chemistry can be summarized.
A wide variety of ceramic procts, their chemical composition. Mineral composition, physical properties, as well as manufacturing methods, often close to each other staggered, no boundaries, and in the application there is a huge difference. Therefore, it is difficult to be summed up in a few hard and fast system, a detailed classification of the various different view, the international community to now there is no uniform classification.
Ⅳ 關於陶瓷的英語作文80個詞
A Chinese porcelain-ware displaying battles between dragons, Kangxi era (1662-1722), Qing Dynasty.
Fonthill vase is the earliest Chinese porcelain object to have reached Europe. It was a Chinese gift for Louis the Great of Hungary in 1338.Porcelain is generally believed to have originated in China. Although proto-porcelain wares exist dating from the Shang Dynasty about 1600 BCE, by the Eastern Han Dynasty (100-200 BCE) high firing glazed ceramic wares had developed into porcelain, and porcelain manufactured ring the Tang Dynasty period (618–) was exported to the Islamic world, where it was highly prized.[4] Early porcelain of this type includes the tri-color glazed porcelain, or sancai wares. Historian S.A.M. Adshead writes that true porcelain items in the restrictive sense that we know them today could be found in dynasties after the Tang,[5] ring the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties.
By the Sui (about 580 AD) and Tang (about 620 AD) dynasties, porcelain had become widely proced. Eventually, porcelain and the expertise required to create it began to spread into other areas; by the seventeenth century, it was being exported to Europe.
Korean and Japanese porcelain also have long histories and distinct artistic traditions.
Ⅵ 關於瓷器方面的英文介紹，請高手幫忙翻譯一下。謝謝。
戴維霍華德（一） pg172戈弗雷ç 0.1725 （雍正1723年至1735年） 24厘米（ 19 ）
在覆蓋這項服務表現出更多的增長牙釉版質比如上權所述
武器是戈弗雷紫貂1 cheuron三至鵜鶘，首長刪除或unlning適當的洪峰，一個半內格羅召開的德克斯特手交叉crosslet fitched銀;座右銘「 Corde fixam 」
這是一個四戈弗雷服務在十年內與武器的Kentsh家庭原來坐在Lydd （這些是一座豐碑的托馬斯教堂戈弗雷誰在1430年去世）
托馬斯的戈弗雷Hodiford至少有6個兒子（其中第四是埃德蒙伯里戈弗雷的時候泰特斯奧茲在1678年） 。這項服務很可能作出的五個兒子彼得戈弗雷。議員（埃德蒙埋葬「的外甥） ，或為他的哥哥本傑明的Norton法院，是一個表弟彼得戈弗雷首席廣東押運員在1728年和首席安理會在這一年，該服務可能已然後他。
余llustration約翰willins採集;熱電偶1928年,8.5 -中。板塊10個33 ;蘇富比拍賣行;語1964年4月，參加第2晚餐菜餚服務， 10板和200 （見兩個碳五，和C2 ）
Ⅶ 關於中國瓷器的介紹用英語怎麼說
1. China， C大寫， 這是中國的意思。
china， c小寫， 則是瓷器的意思。任何地方生產的瓷器都可以叫 china，並不一定代表中國瓷器。
2.china與中國的關系
與瓷器的關系
進入十七世紀，西歐皇室和宮廷開始興起收藏中國瓷器之風。現藏德國卡賽爾（Keisel）郎德博物館的一件青瓷碗，上有卡澤倫博格伯爵（1435－1455）的紋章圖案，是現存歐洲最早有年代標識的明朝瓷器，幾百年來一直是黑森家族的傳家寶。葡萄牙開辟新航路之後，瓷器也成歐洲社會最珍貴的禮物。瓦斯伽·達·伽馬、阿爾曼達都曾以瓷器博取葡王曼紐埃爾一世的歡心。現存里斯本科特斯陳列館（Jose Cortes）中印有曼紐埃爾一世（1469－1521）紋章的青花執壺，是中國最早為西歐特殊訂貨製造的外外銷瓷。正德、嘉靖年間，這類訂貨大多經葡萄牙販往歐洲。1604年荷蘭人洗劫了裝載瓷器返回歐洲的葡萄牙大帆船聖·卡特林號（Santa Caterina），將這批中國瓷器取名Kraaksporeleint，運往阿姆斯特丹拍賣，法國國王亨利四世、英國國王詹姆斯一世也參與購買，於是中國陶瓷的影響在歐洲不脛而走。
發端於十七世紀末，延續至十八世紀末葉的歐洲洛可可式(Rococo)藝術風格，以生動、優美、輕倩、自然為特色，其倡導的藝術作風與中國藝術風格中的精緻、柔和纖巧和幽雅殊途同歸。<U>[font color=#0000cc]洛可可[/font]</U>風格盛行於法國，法國人對中國的茶葉、絲綢、瓷器尤為偏愛。那時法國正是歐洲文藝、美術、戲劇、禮節、服飾、裝潢仿效的中心，所以具有「中國風格」的物品流傳整個歐洲社會。
瓷器初入歐洲，法國人用當時社會流行的小說《牧羊女愛絲坦萊》中的男主人公賽拉同（Celadon）來稱呼青瓷。法王路易十四命令首相馬扎蘭創辦中國公司，到廣東訂造標有法國甲胄紋章的瓷器，凡爾賽宮內列有專室收藏中國陶瓷；而十七世紀的英國人直接用「中國貨」（Chinaware）指稱來自中國的瓷器。英國女王瑪麗二世也醉心華瓷，在宮內專門設置許多玻璃櫥以陳列各式瓷器。於是英國社會以華瓷裝飾和日用的風氣便流行起來，瓷器漸成客廳和內室必不可少的陳設。
China一詞也隨著中國瓷器在英國及歐洲大陸的廣泛傳播，轉而成為瓷器的代名詞，使得「中國」與「瓷器」成為密不可分的雙關語。
另據《英漢詞海 The English-Chinese Word-Ocean Dictionary》（王同億 主編譯，國防工業出版社，1987年）China詞條介紹，China做為瓷器的涵義，是源於波斯語chini（中國的或中國人），由於受到China表示中國這種表示法的影響，產生了母音音變，由chini變為china，成為瓷器的專有名詞。
至於這種變化最終在何時最後確定下來尚不得而知，但可以肯定的是，正是基於中國古代陶瓷的輝煌成就，以及由此而引發的陶瓷傳播之路，使得這種獨具中國特色的物品被世界人民所喜愛，將中國與瓷器永遠地結合在了一起。
China一詞還有一個由來。明末清初時，江西景德鎮有座「昌南」窯出產的瓷器質量特佳，聞名遐邇。後來傳到國外，當時英國人就用「昌南」指代中國，但念不準漢字，而讀成china了。
3.china與古梵文的關系
二十世紀之初，China一詞起源問題，學界曾經討論，眾說紛紜，未定一是。文僧蘇曼殊(1884-1918)通英、法、日、梵諸文，曾撰有《梵文典》。他認為China起源於古梵文「支那」，初作Cina，用來指我華夏。他研讀三千年前的古印度史詩《摩訶婆羅多》和《羅摩衍那》，發現支那一詞最早見於這兩部著作，其原義為「智巧」。他認為，這是三千四百年前印度婆羅多王朝時彼邦人士對黃河流域商朝所治國度的美稱。「智巧」與慧苑所說之「思維」內涵略有不同，想系詞義因時代而演變所致。
外邦對我華夏稱呼，最早曰支那Cina，其後曰拓跋Tabac，最後曰契丹Kitai。今之China即支那，先是國名。明代中期葡萄牙人販瓷器到歐洲，稱其商品名曰Chinaware，若漢譯應該是「支那瓦」。陶瓷產品，古稱瓦器。此處ware應是瓦之譯音。支那瓦者，中國瓷也。China放在ware之前，可知China國名，初無瓷器一義。後來省掉ware，簡稱為China，才小寫其字頭，獲得瓷器之義。這已經是晚近的事了。
4.china與絲綢的關系
從西方語言演變歷史以及中西方文明交流史的角度進行考證，認為「CHINA」一詞來源於絲綢。
按照歐洲語言的演變歷史，對絲綢與「CHINA」一詞之間的關聯作了解釋。在希臘文明時期，中國的絲綢已經通過「絲綢之路」來到了歐洲，於是希臘文中也出現了「絲」這一詞彙，希臘文中「絲」的發音與中文相近。隨後，在拉丁文中，「絲」的發音已經基本與以後「CHINA」的發音相近，在法文中，「絲」的拼寫則為「CHINE」，與英文「CHINA」的發音與拼寫已經非常接近，最後再從法文正式「過渡」到了現在的「CHINA」一詞。
英文在對「中日甲午戰爭」的翻譯中，中國被譯成「SINO」，這與拉丁文中的「絲」比較接近，而在印度語中，「絲」被稱為「CINA」，後來口譯成「支那」。
絲綢是中西方文化交流中最早也是最主要的一種載體，在西方人眼裡，絲綢是中華古代燦爛文明的象徵，因此，英文中「中國」的翻譯「CHINA」源自絲綢就順理成章了。
5.china與瑪雅的關系
在有一座小村子叫china。據當地人解釋china不是西班牙語，而是瑪雅語，發音為 ['t∫i∶nə]，不同於china的「中國和瓷器」解釋發音 [t∫ainə]。
當地人說，此村名為china，是由於以前一個姓chi的人和一個姓na的人在這里住下後，兩人將自己的姓合在一起命名此地。後這里人不斷變多，建立了村子，就將小村叫做china。
（此資料是來自中央電視台「極地跨越」節目－－－墨西哥之行）
6.詞典里的解釋
簡明英漢詞典
china
[5tFainE]
陶瓷, 瓷器, 瓷料
基本詞義
China
[5tFainE]
n.
中國
現代英漢詞典
china
[5tFaInE]
n.
(1)
陶瓷
(2)
（盤、杯等）陶瓷製品；陶器
基本詞義
China
[5tFaInE]
n.
中國
現代英漢綜合大辭典
china
[5tFainE]
n.
陶瓷，瓷器，瓷料
a piece of china
一件瓷器
a set of china
一套瓷器
china clay
瓷土，高嶺土
china shop
瓷器店
china wedding
瓷婚（結婚20年紀念）
特殊用法
blue china
青瓷
bone china
一種含有骨灰（磷酸鈣）的瓷器
brown china
褐斑釉陶
eggshell china
薄胎瓷器
frit china
熔塊瓷
hotel china
旅館（飯店）用瓷
ironstone china
硬[堅]質陶器
painted china
彩釉瓷器
stone china
一種白色硬質陶器
vitreous china
玻璃瓷
China
n.
[有時china ][英俚]同伴, 好友
China plate
[英俚]夥伴, 好友
我們所說的表示瓷器或陶器的詞china 是 chinaware 或者可能是 china dishes 的縮寫形式。 雖然china 這個詞拼寫上與中國的國名是一樣的， 但16和17世紀時也有chiney，cheny 和 cheney 等拼法， 表明英語借用了波斯語中表示這種瓷器的詞，chini 。 這個波斯詞，還有梵語中cinah 一詞（「中國人」，英語中中國的名稱即從這個詞而來）， 都來自漢語里的Qin 字， 這是從公元前 221至206年統治中國的王朝的名稱。
Ⅷ 誰能幫忙找一些關於「景德鎮瓷器」的英文介紹啊
Jingdezhen porcelain is the pearl in the treasure house of Chinese art and culture. In its long and glorious history, a brilliant art and craft has been handed down and masters have been brought up in a number of dynasties. In the long time development, the artists and craftsmen in Jingdezhen brought their full talent into play and created numerous masterpieces. Thanks to their hard working, Jingdezhen porcelain has been formed its own four special features, that is, 「White like jade, bright as a mirror, thin as paper, sound like a chime.」 Different kinds of porcelain wares, showed in here, will help you to get acquainted with Jingdezhen』s 「 the colorful famile-rose porcelain 」, 「 the elegant blue and white porcelain 」, 「 the delicate and transparent rice pattern porcelain 」, 「 the exquisite egg-shell porcelain 」, 「 the brilliant colored glaze porcelain 」 and 「 the vivid sculpture porcelain 」.
江西景德鎮陶瓷，是中華民族文化藝術寶庫中輝煌的明珠。他近二千年來的悠久而燦爛的歷史進程，給後世留下了精湛絕倫的技藝，也造就了歷代數不清的藝術匠師。在長期的發展過程中，景德鎮的技藝人員，奮發努力，刻意求新，創作了許多好作品，使景德鎮瓷器形成了自己獨特的風格：以「白如玉、明如鏡、薄如紙、聲如磬」而享譽世界。 本網站展示的各種瓷器，將幫助您更好地了解江西景德鎮「色彩絢麗的粉彩瓷」「典雅素靜的青花瓷」「明凈剔透的玲瓏瓷」「精美輕巧的薄胎瓷」「五彩濱紛的顏色釉瓷」「栩栩如生的雕塑瓷」。
Ⅸ 誰知道關於中國瓷器的英語介紹
CHina's china
Second only to tea, perhaps the most important contribution China made to European life was "china" itself ?the hard translucent glazed pottery the Chinese had invented under the Tang dynasty and which we also know as porcelain. China had long since exported porcelain over the Silk Route to Persia and Turkey and fine examples of pre-1500 china are still in everyday use there. (An English diplomat collected almost five tons (!) of Ming pieces while serving in Iran in 1875.) In Europe before the dawn of the China trade, the highest achievement of the potter's art was a kind of earthenware which was fired, then coated with an opaque glaze and fired again, fixing the colors with which it had been painted. This was generally named for its supposed place of origin and was known as majolica in Italy, faience in France, Delft in the Low Countries, and so forth. No earthenware could stand up to boiling water without dissolving and nowhere in Europe was it understood how to heat a kiln to the fourteen hundred degrees or so required to vitrify clay and make it impervious to liquids, boiling or not. Even so wise a man as Sir Francis Bacon could only view porcelain as a kind of plaster which, after a long lapse of time buried in the earth, "congealed and glazed itself into that fine substance." Other writers speculated it was made from lobster shell or eggs pounded into st.
Porcelain in time became the only Chinese import to rival tea in popularity. The wealthy collected it on a grand scale and even middle class people became so carried away that Daniel Defoe could complain of china "on every chimney-piece, to the tops of ceilings, tit it became a grievance." Such abundance half the world away from its place of manufacture was e to its use as ships' ballast. The China trade came to rest on two water-sensitive, high-value commodities: silk and tea. These had to be carried in the middle of the ship to prevent water damage, but to trim the ship and make her sail properly, about half the cargo's weight (not volume) was needed below the waterline in the bilges. Very roughly, a quarter of all tea imported had to be matched by ballast and from the ships' records available, it appears that about a quarter of all ballast was porcelain. Over the course of the 1700s England probably imported twenty-four thousand tons of porcelain while a roughly equal amount would have been imported into Europe and the American colonies.
To keep up with this demand, Jingdezhen, China's main porcelain-making center since the Song dynasty, as early as 1712 needed to keep three thousand kilns fired day and night. The prices fell to ridiculously low levels-seven pounds seven shillings in 1730 for a tea service for 200 people, each piece ornamented with the crest of the ambassador who ordered it; teapots, five thousand of them in 1732, imported at under twopence each. Even if we multiply these prices by one hundred to approximate today's, it is incredibly cheap cost for porcelain of this quality. Before European-made wares came into general use around 1800, the English and European middle classes enjoyed their tea and meals from the finest quality chinaware ever used by any but very wealthy people, a quality of life for which the tea trade was directly responsible.
For years before the advent of tea it had been the dream of all European potters to proce china themselves. Britain's Elers brothers mastered stoneware, but their efforts to reproce china proved unavailing, and so did the efforts of all the other first-rate potters in Europe. The potters of St. Cloud in France developed a substitute now known as soft-paste porcelain, but nobody came near approximating the real thing until an apothecary's apprentice named Johann - Friederich Bottger bumbled onto the scene.
When he was nineteen, Bottger met the mysterious alchemist Lascaris in Berlin and received a present of some two ounces of transmutation powder from him. If you refuse to believe in alchemists and transmutation, you may as well assume that Mr. Lascaris stepped out of a UFO for the stories of his-and Bottger's-careers are entirely too well documented to dismiss. As Lascarls no doubt intended, Bottger's couldn't resist showing off the powder's powers. Unfortunately, he also claimed to have made it himself with the predictable result that he soon had all the crowned heads of Germany in his pursuit. He finally reached safety, so he thought, in Dresden, under the protection of August 11, "the Strong," Elector of Saxony and King of Poland. But with extravagant gifts and riotous living, his stock of powder was exhausted rather sooner than later and his "protector" proved not to be the disinterested well-wisher he had seemed. Poor Bottger found himself confined in the castle of Konigstein where he was given a laboratory for his researches and a clear understanding of the fate reserved for him should he fall.
He finally convinced his jailer, a certain Count Tschirnhaus, that he was not an Adept in the spagyric arts but merely a demonstrator. The count proposed that in that case he should put the laboratory to use in quest of the secret of making china, since next to gold and power, collecting Japanese and Chinese porcelains was Augustus's ruling passion. (He had filled a palace with his collection-some twenty thousand pieces and still growing-by the time of his death.) Fortunately for the prisoner-researcher, Saxony abounds with the two main ingredients for the manufacture of porcelain-china clay or kaolin and the so-called china stone, a type of rock made up mostly of silica and alumina that serves as a flux and gives the ware Its translucency. Bottger first proced stoneware and then, after numerous false starts, finally obtained a hard-paste red porcelain in 1703. The kiln had been kept burning for five days and five nights and in anticipation of success his royal patron had been invited to see it opened. It Is reported that the first proct Bottger took out and presented to Augustus was a fine red teapot. The long-sought secret had been discovered at last and after a few more years Bottger managed to come up with genuine hard-paste white porcelain.
Completely restored to favor, the young man admitted he had never possessed the secret of transmutation; he was formally forgiven and promptly appointed director of Europe's first china factory. It was established near Dresden in a little village called Meissen and proved to be worth almost as much to Augustus as the Philosopher's Stone would have been. Soon after full proction got underway in 1713, the export market for Meissen figurines alone ran into the millions. In a letter of 1746, Horace Walpole grumbled about the new fashion in table decoration at the banquets of the English nobility: "Jellies, biscuits, sugar, plums, and cream have long since given way to harlequins, gondoliers, Turks, Chinese, and shepherdesses of Saxon China." Teapots and teacups were also proced in ever increasing quantities.
Instrial espionage spread the secret of porcelain manufacture beyond the Germanies ring the 1740s, and in 1751 fifteen English entrepreneurs Joined together to found the Worchester Royal Porcelain Works. To the chagrin of every prince and ke in France lavishing patronage on a little porcelain works of his own, the King's beloved Madame De Pompadour decided to bestow hers on a little factory located near Versailles at Sevres. Louis XV bought it to please her in 1759 and, just to make sure it would prosper, ordered the royal chinaware made there. When in need of money the king sometimes forced the courtiers at Versailles to buy quantities of Sevres at extortionate prices.
The English porcelain firms of the eighteenth century kept experimenting with the formulae filched from the Continent and it would be interesting indeed to know how Mr. J. Spode first hit upon the idea of using the ingredient that distinguishes English from all other porcelains-the ashes of burned bones. Yes, Virginia, bone china is rightly so-called. And from the beginning, the mainstay of the proction at Worchester, Chelsea, Spode, Limoges, and all the other centers of china making in Europe was the tea equipage.