嗯英語總結七年級下冊怎麼寫
㈠ 英語人教版七年級下冊一單元知識點總結
Unit 1 重要詞彙解析
Canada (n.) 加拿大
一般由「國家」變成「人民」時,在「國家」後加-n。如:
Australia →Australian, India →Indian, America→American等,但Canada要去a,再加-ian,即Canadian,是可數名詞,注意單復數形式的變化。如:
His uncle lives in Canada. 他的叔叔住在加拿大。
They are all Canadians.他們都是加拿大人。
【經典例句】
1. Does her uncle live in Canada? 她的叔叔住在加拿大嗎?
2. They are all Canadians. 他們都是加拿大人。
【啟發點撥】
一般由「國家」變為「人民」時,在「國家」後加-n。如:America→American; Australia→Australian; India→Indian等;但Canada要去掉a,再加-ian,即Canadian。
Japan (n.) 日本
一般指「人」的名詞,如:Australian, Canadian, American等的復數形式都是直接在詞尾加-s,但是Japanese / Chinese單復數形式相同。如:
The twins are Chinese. 這對雙胞胎是中國人。
Japanese (adj. & n.) 日本的,日本人的,日本人,日語。如:
He is my Japanese friend. 他是我的日本朋友。
Can you speak Japanese? 你會說日語嗎?
【經典例句】
1. The boy in a blue coat is from Japan. 穿藍色外套的男孩來自日本。
2. I have a Japanese pen pal. 我有一個日本筆友。
3. Can he speak Japanese? 他會說日語嗎?
【啟發點撥】
一般指「人」的名詞,如American, Australian, Canadian等的復數形式都是直接在詞尾加-s,但Japanese與Chinese的單復數形式相同。如:
We are all Chinese. 我們都是中國人。
【拓展延伸】 派生詞:
Japanese adj. & n.日本的;日本人的;日本人;日語
country (n.) 國家,鄉下,農村
當「國家」講時是可數名詞。如:
China is a beautiful country. 中國是一個美麗的國家。
There are many countries in the world. 世界上有許多國家。
注意:in the country 在鄉下
Tom likes living in the country. 湯姆喜歡住在鄉下。
【經典例句】
1. China is a great country. 中國是一個偉大的國家。
2. My grandma likes living in the country. 我的奶奶喜歡住在鄉下。
【啟發點撥】
country當「國家」講時是可數名詞。如:There are many countries in the world. 世界上有許多國家。
【拓展延伸】 固定短語:
in the country在鄉下
language (n.) 語言 (可數名詞)
language作為語言的總稱時是可數名詞,常用many, few, a few等來修飾;但是具體到某種語言,如Chinese / English / French等都是不可數名詞,用much, little, a little等來修飾。如:
He can speak a few languages. 他會講好幾種語言。
Lucy can speak a little French. 露西會說一點兒法語。
live
【經典例句】
1. He lives about ten miles from my house. 他住在離我家10英里遠的地方。
2. —Where does Andrew live? 安德魯住在哪裡?
—He lives in Paris. 他住在巴黎。
【啟發點撥】
☆live作不及物動詞,意為「生活; 居住」。如:We live here / in Shanghai. 我們住在這兒/上海。
☆live還可表示「過著……生活」,此時為及物動詞。如:Children live a happy life. 孩子們過著幸福的生活。
Unit 1重點句型匯總
Section A
1. Where is your pen pal from?
●come from和be from是同義短語,但come from更強調動作。如:
—Where do you come from? 你從哪裡來?
—I come from the United Kingdom. 我從英國來。
●句型「Where + be + sb. + from?」 通常用來詢問「某人來自什麼地方」。如:
—Where are you from? 你是哪裡人?
—I』m from Shanghai. 我是上海人。
●句型「Where + be + sth. + from?」通常用來詢問「某物品產自哪裡」。如:
—Where is the car from? 這輛轎車產自哪裡?
—It』s from France.它產自法國。
2. —Where does he live?
—Tokyo.
●live作不及物動詞,意為「生活,居住」,後常接in + 地點名詞或直接接表地點的副詞here / there / home等。如:
We live here / in New York. 我們住在這兒 / 紐約。
●live還可表示「過著……生活」,此時為及物動詞。如:
We live a happy life. 我們過著幸福的生活。
3. What language does she speak?
●what language常用來對「某種語言」進行提問。
●speak意為「說,講」,後面常接表語言的名詞。如:
Can you speak French? 你會講法語嗎?
Section B
1. Does she have any brothers or sisters?
any意為 「一些」,常用於疑問句或否定句中,修飾可數名詞復數形式或不可數名詞。如:
There isn』t any milk in the glass. 杯子里沒有牛奶。
2. I can speak English and a little French.
a little意為「少量,一點兒」,常修飾不可數名詞,具有肯定意義;little意為「幾乎沒有」,修飾不可數名詞,具有否定意義。如:
There』s a little water in the cup. 杯子里有點兒水。
He knows little English. 他幾乎不懂英語。
3. Can you write to me soon?
write to sb. 意為「給某人寫信」。如:
Please write to Jack.請給傑克寫封信。
此短語常用於書信的結尾,提示別人盡快寫回信。
疑難解析
「來自哪裡」「說什麼語言」
1. Where?蒺s your pen pal from? 你的筆友來自哪裡?
(1) be from意為「從……來; 是……人」,其同義短語是come from。如:
He is from England. = He comes from England. 他來自英國。
(2) 這是一個由where引導的特殊疑問句,用來詢問某人來自何處或某人是哪裡人,其結構為 「Where + be + 主語 + from?」當主語是第三人稱單數時,be動詞用 is,其他人稱(第一人稱單數除外)時用 are。如:
Where are you from? 你來自哪裡?
Where is Tom from? 湯姆來自哪裡?
2. Where does he live? 他住在哪裡?
(1) 表示「住在某地」時,應用 live in / at + 地點名詞(但後面接地點副詞時,則不用介詞in 或at ),接較小地點用at,接較大地點用 in。如:
She lives in Shanghai. 她住在上海。
His father lives at No. 1 Street. 他的父親住在一號街。
(2) 用where詢問某人「住在哪裡」時, live後不加任何介詞。如:
Where does your uncle live? 你叔叔住在哪裡?
3. What language does she speak? 她說什麼語言?
(1) speak 後常接語言,意為「講……語言」。如:
He speaks English. 他講英語。
(2) What language 用來詢問某人講何種語言。如:
What language do you speak? 你說什麼語言?
4. Does she have brothers or sisters? 她有兄弟姐妹嗎?
該句是一個選擇疑問句,由「一般疑問句 + or + 供選擇對象?」構成。如:
—Is she your mother or your aunt? 她是你的媽媽還是你姑姑?
—She is my aunt. 她是我的姑姑。
(摘選自英語輔導報課件的資料)(僅供參考)
㈡ 七年級下冊英語總結 ;十單元
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
分類:英語學習
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一.短語:
1 .be from = come from 來自於----
2. live in 居住在---
3. on weekends 在周末
4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信;寫信給某人
5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國
6.pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目
7.the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約
8.speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎
9.go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動
二.重點句式:
1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三.本單元的國家,人民、語言對應。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where』s the post office?
一. Asking ways: (問路)
1. Where is (the nearest) ……? (最近的)……在哪裡?
2. Can you tell me the way to ……? 你能告訴我去……的路嗎?
3. How can I get to ……? 我怎樣到達……呢?
4. Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……嗎?
5. Which is the way to ……? 哪條是去……的路?
二.Showing the ways: (指路)
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二個路口向左轉。
3. You will find it on your right. 你會在你右手邊發現它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 離這里大約一百米遠。
5. You』d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交車去。(You』d better+動詞原形)
三.片語
1. across from …… 在……的對面 across from the bank 在銀行的對面
2. next to…… 緊靠…… next to the supermarket 緊靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之間
between the park and the zoo 在公園和動物園之間
among 表示位於三者或三者以上之間
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
課室前面有棵樹。
in the front of…… 在……(內)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
課室內的前部有張桌子。
5. behind…… 在……後面 behind my house 在我家後面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右邊 on the left of our school 在我們學校的左邊
on one』s left/right 在某人的左/右邊 on my left 在我左邊
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿著……(街道) down/along Center Street 沿著中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 歡迎來到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的開始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的開始,前端
in the beginning 起初,一開始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開心,過得愉快
我昨天玩得很開心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐計程車
16. 到達:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到這/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17.go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路
go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林
18.on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三.重難點解析
1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣,喜愛做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。
到目前為止,我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy,都是要帶 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我掃完了這間屋子。
2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。
hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。
(從句即是一個小句子,這個小句子又放在大句子中,從屬於大句子,所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句,它又放在I hope 的後面,形成句中有句。)
3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢,我就會去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你餓了的話,你可以在超市買一些食物。
四.本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一.重點片語
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day ring the day
二. 交際用語
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they』re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they』re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they』re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She』s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8.He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10.Let』s see the pandas first.
11.They』re kind of interesting.
12.What other animals do you like?
13.Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重點難點釋義
1、kind of 有點,稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有點害羞。
kind 還有「種類」的意思
如:各種各樣的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中國 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是專有名詞,首字母都應該大寫,而且和介詞in連用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的,和藹可親的
它是名詞friend的形容詞形式,常常和be動詞連用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意區別與and的用法,and通常用於連接主語或賓語,連接主語時,
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之後,如:
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with 「和…一起玩耍」「玩…」
I often play with my pet dog.
Don』t play with water!
5、day和night 是一對反義詞,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。
通常說in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 葉子
復數形式為:leaves, 類似的變化還有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小時;點鍾
hour前邊通常加上冠詞an 表示「一個小時」, 即:an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 來自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. (食用的)肉,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修
飾,即:much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修飾,即:much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 語法知識
特殊疑問句通常以「what」、「who」、「which」、「when」、「where」、「how」、「how old」、「how many」等開頭,對某一具體問題進行提問。
特殊疑問句的基本構成有兩種情況:
1. 疑問句+一般疑問句結構。這是最常見的情況。例如:
What』s your grandfather』s telephone number? 你爺爺的電話號碼是多少?
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那個大眼睛的男孩是誰?
Which season do you like best? 你最喜歡哪個季節?
When is he going to play the piano? 他什麼時候彈鋼琴?
Where does he live? 他住在哪兒?
How are you? 你好嗎?
How old are you? 你多大了?
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有幾個兄弟姐妹?
2. 疑問句+陳述句結構。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。例如:
Who is on ty today?
今天誰值日?
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老師?
我們學過的What/How about+名詞/代詞+其他?也是特殊疑問句,它是一種省略結構。
例如:
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜歡英語。你呢?
What about playing basketball? 打籃球怎麼樣?
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一.短語:
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物 / 把某物給某人
3 help sb do sth 幫助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 幫助某人謀事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----談話
8 be busy doing sth 忙於做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在醫院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚報
二.重點句式及注意事項:
1 詢問職業的特殊疑問詞是what;有三種主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名詞所有格/ 形容詞性物主代詞 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I』m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三. 本單元中的名詞復數。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves
轉自http://www..com/s?tn=sitehao123&bs=%B9%D8%D3%DA%D1%A7%CF%B0%B5%C4%D3%A2%CE%C4%B9%CA%CA%C2&f=8&wd=%C6%DF%C4%EA%BC%B6%CF%C2%D3%A2%D3%EF%D3%EF%B7%A8%B9%E9%C4%C9
㈢ 初一下冊英語總結
老子來回答問題唷1.How do you do?第一次見面
---How do you do
2.It's great to do sth
3.what about ----n/doing
4.play the guitar/violin/piano
5.make sb do sth 使某人做某事
let sb do sth 讓某人做某事
6.like/love/enjoy/hate doing sth
7.if+一般現在時.剩下部分一般將來時(will)
8.When someone is in trouble we mustn't laugh at him.
9.It's the +n beginning of a new term.
三種時態:
一般過去時態
Be動詞過去式的句式。
否定句是在was/were後面加not, was not=wasn』t/were not=weren』t。
一般疑問句是把was/were提前並放到句首,要求首字母要大寫。
實義動詞過去式的句式:
肯定式:主語+動詞故去式+其它。如,They had a good time yesterday.
否定式:主語+did not+動詞原形+其他。如,They didn』t have a good time yesterday.
一般疑問句:Did+主語+動詞原形+其它?肯定回答:Yes,主語+did. 否定回答:No,主語+didn』t.如,Did they have a meeting two days ago? Yes, they did. No, they didn』t.
特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其他?如,What time did you finish your homework?
一般現在時態
當主語是第三人稱單數時,肯定句為:主語+動詞的s形式+賓語
否定句為:主語+助動詞doesn't+動詞原形+賓語
疑問句為:Does+主語+動詞原形+賓語
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動詞does.
註:第三人稱單數用了 does 後面就不用動詞的s形式了,而用動詞原形.
動詞的一般現在時態, 除了第三人稱單數(he she it) 外,其餘都用動詞原形。當主語是其他人稱時,肯定句為:主語+動詞原形+賓語
否定句為:主語+助動詞don't+動詞原形+賓語
疑問句為:Do+主語+動詞原形+賓語
肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助動詞do.
註:變為疑問句,要在句首加"do" ; 變為否定句, 要在動詞前面加"do not", 可以簡寫為 "don't".
知識點:
1.現在進行時的主要結構
用來表示現在(說話瞬間)正在進行的動作和用來表示當前的活動或現極端一直在進行著的動作。
在其句子中一般都會有兩個詞與時態有關:1)表示時間的狀語2)動詞的相應變化。如,I』m reading a book now.在這個句子中,時間狀語now,決定了時態為現在進行時,而動詞am reading也體現了現在進行時。
肯定句:主語+be+v.ing+…
否定句:主語+be+v.ing+…
疑問句:Be+主語+ving?
特殊疑問句+be+主語+ving?
2.ving形式的構成
1)直接在動詞原形末尾加-ing,如play-playing
2)以不發音字母e結尾的動詞,去e再加-ing,如have-having
3)以重讀閉音節結尾的單詞,結尾只有一個輔音字母,應雙寫這個字母,再加-ing。如,begin-beginning
㈣ 七年級下冊英語的總結
一般現在式;主語+be+V原
現在進行時;主語+be+Ving
一般過去式:主語+V過去式+其他
主語+was\were+其他
主語+could+其他
like doing sth
would like to do sth
remember doing sth 記得做某事
rememberti do sth 記住做某事
storp doing sth 停止講某事
be friendly to sb 對某人友善
hao you like = what do you think of
find sb doing sth 發現某人在做某事
問路;
Which is the way to the …?
How can I get to …?
Could you get to …?
Could/Can you tell me the way to …?
Could/Can you tell me how to get to…?
語法;
wear /be in 穿 give sth to sb/give sb sth 給某人某物 get sth from sb 自某人處得到某物 go out to 外出 talk about sth 談論關於某事 be busy doing sth 忙於做某事 a job as a … 一份……的工作
㈤ 新目標七年級下冊英語語法點總結
1. be from = come from 來自於… 2. speak Chinese 說中文 3. write to sb 給某人寫信4. want to do sth = would like to do sth 想做什麼 5. on Centre street 在中央大道6. next to the bank 銀行隔壁 7. across from the park 在公園的對面 8. go straight 直走9. turn left 向左轉 10. in front of the library 在圖書館前面 11. be busy 忙的12. be quiet 安靜 13. take a bus 乘坐公交車 14. take a walk = have a walk 散步15. between … and … 在兩者之間 16. have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩得高興17. next Sunday 下個星期天 18. kind of = a little 有點兒 19. at night 在晚上20.What other animals 其它什麼動物 21. be friendly to sb 對某人友好22. ring the day 在白天期間 23. eat leaves 吃樹葉 24. live in swh 居住在某地25. 14 years old 14歲 26. a very interesting country 一個非常有趣的國家27. be hungry 飢餓 28. You`re welcome 不用謝 29. Thank you all the same 仍然感謝你30. walk through the park 步行穿過公園 31. work late 工作得晚32. a good place to have fun 一個好玩的地方 33. play with …與…一起玩34. Whare is your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal come from? 你的筆友來自於哪兒?35. What language do they speak? 他們說哪一種語言? They speak Japanese . 他們說日語.36. Where does she live? 她住在哪兒? She lives in paris. 她住在巴黎.37. where`s the park? 公園在哪兒? 38. talk to sb. 與某人交談39. Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is./No, there isn`t.40. This is the beginning of the garden tour. 這是花園之旅的開始.41. Why do you like pandas? 你為什麼喜歡熊貓? Because they`re very cute. 因為它們很可愛.42. want to be an actor 想成為一名演員 43. in the day 在白天44. help sb do sth 幫助某人做某事 45. an interesting job 一項有趣的工作46. in a hospital 在一所醫院 47. go out to dinners 外出吃飯 48. work hard 努力工作(學習) 49. as a teacher 作為一名教師 50. sing and dance 唱歌、跳舞 51. watch TV 看電視 52. do homework 做家庭作業 53. go to the movies 去看電影 54. read a book 看書55. be at school 在校 56. be at home 在家 57. Thank sb. for doing sth. 感謝某人做某事. 58. take a photo 照像 59. some of my photos 我的一些照片 60. at the pool 在游泳池61. on the beach 在沙灘上 62. on vacation 度假 63. wait for sb 等待某人64. in this heat 在這樣熱(的氣候中) 65. a boy of 10. 一個10歲的男孩66. How is the weather? = What`s the weather like? 天氣怎樣? 67. look like 看起來像68. How is it going? 一切都好嗎? 69. medium height 中等身高 70. medium build 中等身材71. short hair 短發 72. straight hair 直發 73. a little bit quiet 有點兒文靜74. stop talking 停止講話 75. a new look 新形象 76. some water 一些水77. What does he look like 他長得什麼樣 78. like doing sth. 喜歡做某事79. would like to do sth = want to do sth. 想做某事 80. What size 多大號(尺寸)81. What kind of noodles? 哪一種面? 82. tomato noodles 西紅柿面83. a small/medium/large bowl of … 一小(中、大)碗 84. green tea 綠茶85. two glasses of juice 兩杯果汁 86. How many +可數名詞復數… 多少?87. How much +不可數名詞… 多少? 88. last weekend 上個周末89. How about = What about = Let`s …… , … 怎樣? (詢問、徵求)90. on Saturday morning 在周六上午 91. practice doing 練習做某事92. spend … (in) doing sth. 做某事花(時間, 錢) 93. How was your weekend? 你的周末過得如何?94. the students at NO.3 Middle School. 三中的學生95. have fun doing sth. 做某事愉快 96. go shopping 去購物97. be kind to sb. 對某人和善 98. find sb. doing sth. 發現某人正在做某事99. make sb do sth 使某人做某事 100. decide to do sth. 決定做某事101. enjoy doing sth = like doing sth. 喜歡做某事 102. be friendly 友好103. be lost 丟失, 迷路 104. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 將某物給某人看105. feel happy 感到高興 106. I can`t stand it 我無法忍受107. How do you like … ? = What do you think of … ? 你認為如何?108. mind doing sth 介意做某事 109. nothing = not … anything 沒什麼110. something interesting 一些有趣的東西 111. welcome to swh. 歡迎到某地112. a thirteen-year-old boy = a boy of thirteen 一個13歲的男孩113. the coolest thing 最酷的東西 114. in the school magazine 在學校雜志上115. Don`t eat in class 別在課堂上吃東西 116. have to = must 必須117. arrive late for … = be late for … 遲到於…118. an interesting talk show.一個有趣的談話節目119. What are the rules at your school? 你們學校的規章制度是什麼?120. too many +可數名詞 太多 121. too much +不可數名詞 太多122. on school nights 在有課的晚上 123. in bed 在床上124. arrive in/at swh 到達某地 125. in the hallway 在走廊里
㈥ 初一(下)英語語法,短語,句型總結
七年級下冊英語語法點總結(1)
分類:英語學習
Unit 1 Where』s your pen pal from?
一.短語:
1 .be from = come from 來自於----
2. live in 居住在---
3. on weekends 在周末
4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 給某人寫信;寫信給某人
5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中國
6.pen pal 筆友 14 years old 14歲 favorite subject 最喜歡的科目
7.the United States 美國 the United Kingdom 英國 New York 紐約
8.speak English 講英語 like and dislike 愛憎
9.go to the movies 去看電影 play sports 做運動
二.重點句式:
1 Where』s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/
2 Where does he live?
3 What language(s) does he speak?
4 I want a pen pal in China.
5 I can speak English and a little French.
6 Please write and tell me about yourself.
7 Can you write to me soon?
8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.
三.本單元的國家,人民、語言對應。
1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French
2 France------ French------French
3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese
4 Australia----Australian----- English
5 the United States------ American---- English
6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish
Unit 2 Where』s the post office?
一. Asking ways: (問路)
1. Where is (the nearest) ……? (最近的)……在哪裡?
2. Can you tell me the way to ……? 你能告訴我去……的路嗎?
3. How can I get to ……? 我怎樣到達……呢?
4. Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有……嗎?
5. Which is the way to ……? 哪條是去……的路?
二.Showing the ways: (指路)
1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。
2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二個路口向左轉。
3. You will find it on your right. 你會在你右手邊發現它。
4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 離這里大約一百米遠。
5. You』d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交車去。(You』d better+動詞原形)
三.片語
1. across from …… 在……的對面 across from the bank 在銀行的對面
2. next to…… 緊靠…… next to the supermarket 緊靠超市
3. between……and…… 在……和……之間
between the park and the zoo 在公園和動物園之間
among 表示位於三者或三者以上之間
4. in front of…… 在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.
課室前面有棵樹。
in the front of…… 在……(內)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom.
課室內的前部有張桌子。
5. behind…… 在……後面 behind my house 在我家後面
6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐
on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右邊 on the left of our school 在我們學校的左邊
on one』s left/right 在某人的左/右邊 on my left 在我左邊
7. go straight 一直走
8. down /along…… 沿著……(街道) down/along Center Street 沿著中央街
9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近
10 welcome to…… 歡迎來到……
11. take /have a walk 散步
12. the beginning of…… ……的開始,前端
at the beginning of…… 在……的開始,前端
in the beginning 起初,一開始
13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開心,過得愉快
我昨天玩得很開心。 I had fun yesterday.
I had a good time yesterday.
I enjoyed myself yesterday.
14. have a good trip 旅途愉快
15. take a taxi 坐計程車
16. 到達:get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到這/那/家
arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.
arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.
reach +地方
17.go across 從物體表面橫過 go across the street 橫過馬路
go through 從空間穿過 go through the forest 穿過樹林
18.on + 街道的名稱。 Eg: on Center Street
at + 具體門牌號+街道的名稱 Eg: at 6 Center Street
三.重難點解析
1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的樂趣,喜愛做某事
I enjoy reading. 我喜愛讀書。
到目前為止,我們學了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy,都是要帶 doing.
I finish cleaning the room. 我掃完了這間屋子。
2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過這次考試。
hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會晴朗。
(從句即是一個小句子,這個小句子又放在大句子中,從屬於大句子,所以叫從句。如tomorrow will be fine是一個從句,它又放在I hope 的後面,形成句中有句。)
3. if 引導一個表示假設的句子。
If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢,我就會去月球。
If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.
如果你餓了的話,你可以在超市買一些食物。
四.本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對
1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small
Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?
一.重點片語
eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute
play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals
at night in the day every day ring the day
二. 交際用語
1. Why do you like pandas? Because they』re very clever.
2. Why does he like koalas? Because they』re kind of interesting.
3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.
4. What other animals do you like?
I like dogs, too.
Why?
Because they』re friendly and clever.
5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.
6. She』s very shy.
7. He is from Australia.
8.He sleeps ring the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.
9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.
10.Let』s see the pandas first.
11.They』re kind of interesting.
12.What other animals do you like?
13.Why do you want to see the lions?
三. 重點難點釋義
1、kind of 有點,稍微
Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有點害羞。
kind 還有「種類」的意思
如:各種各樣的 all kinds of
We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.
2、China n. 中國 Africa n. 非洲
China 和Africa都是專有名詞,首字母都應該大寫,而且和介詞in連用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China.
There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的,和藹可親的
它是名詞friend的形容詞形式,常常和be動詞連用, be friendly。
The people in Cheng are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起
I usually play chess with my father.
注意區別與and的用法,and通常用於連接主語或賓語,連接主語時,
如果有I, I通常放在 and 之後,如:
My father and I usually play chess together.
Play with 「和…一起玩耍」「玩…」
I often play with my pet dog.
Don』t play with water!
5、day和night 是一對反義詞,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。
通常說in the day, ring the day, at night。
Koala bears often sleep ring the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 葉子
復數形式為:leaves, 類似的變化還有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,
knife—knives等。
7、hour n. 小時;點鍾
hour前邊通常加上冠詞an 表示「一個小時」, 即:an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 來自…
be from = come from
Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. (食用的)肉,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修
飾,即:much meat
He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草,為不可數名詞,表示「許多」時,使用much來修飾,即:much grass。
There is much grass on the playground.
四. 語法知識
特殊疑問句通常以「what」、「who」、「which」、「when」、「where」、「how」、「how old」、「how many」等開頭,對某一具體問題進行提問。
特殊疑問句的基本構成有兩種情況:
1. 疑問句+一般疑問句結構。這是最常見的情況。例如:
What』s your grandfather』s telephone number? 你爺爺的電話號碼是多少?
Who is that boy with big eyes? 那個大眼睛的男孩是誰?
Which season do you like best? 你最喜歡哪個季節?
When is he going to play the piano? 他什麼時候彈鋼琴?
Where does he live? 他住在哪兒?
How are you? 你好嗎?
How old are you? 你多大了?
How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有幾個兄弟姐妹?
2. 疑問句+陳述句結構。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。例如:
Who is on ty today?
今天誰值日?
Which man is your teacher?
哪位男士是你的老師?
我們學過的What/How about+名詞/代詞+其他?也是特殊疑問句,它是一種省略結構。
例如:
I like English. What/How about you? 我喜歡英語。你呢?
What about playing basketball? 打籃球怎麼樣?
Unit 4 I want to be an actor.
一.短語:
1 want to do sth 想要作某事
2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物 / 把某物給某人
3 help sb do sth 幫助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.
4 help sb with sth 幫助某人謀事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home
5 in the day 在白天
6 at night 在晚上
7 talk with/ to sb 和----談話
8 be busy doing sth 忙於做某事 Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.
9 in a hospital 在醫院l
10 work/ study hard 努力工作
11 Evening Newspaper 晚報
二.重點句式及注意事項:
1 詢問職業的特殊疑問詞是what;有三種主要句式
① What + is / are + sb?
② What + does/ do + sb + do?
③ What + is/ are + 名詞所有格/ 形容詞性物主代詞 + job?
2 People give me their money or get their money from me.
3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
4 I like talking to people.
5 I work late. I』m very busy when people go out to dinners.
6 Where does your sister work?
7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.
8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.
9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?
10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.
三. 本單元中的名詞復數。
1 policeman--- policemen 2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3 thief-----thieves
㈦ 七年級上下冊英語總結知識點
1. Why not go upstairs and have a look?
(1) go upstairs上樓 go downstairs下樓
(2) have a look看
have a look at… 看……
have a walk散步
have a bath洗澡
have a swim游泳
have a talk談話
have a rest休息
(3) Why not+動詞原形…?句型是提建議的一種表達法,形同「Why don』t + 人稱代詞 + 動詞原形上+ …?」。這樣的句型常用來啟發或建議某人做某事。回答常用Ok, let』s…/All right./That』s a good idea.
2. Please give it back soon.請盡快地把它還給我。
give …back:(=return)歸還:代詞作賓語時應放在give 和back的中間,如果是名詞作賓語,可放在中間,也可放在後面。例如:
give the book back;/give back the book.
give it back / give them back
類似的短語還有put away, put on, try on, take off,
3.Let』s play computer games for a while.讓我們玩一會兒電腦吧。
(1) play computer games玩電腦游戲
(2) Let』s …=Let us後接動詞原形:讓我們……
4.My pet dog plays with the ball everywhere.我的寵物狗在家裡到處玩球。
(1) everywhere=here and there處處;到處
(2) play with 其後接人時,意為「與……玩」
其後接物時,意為「玩(單純地玩耍)……」
play football, play basketball, play volleyball指技術性較高的運動
5.There is a watermelon and lots of apples in the box.箱子里有一個西瓜和許多蘋果。
(1) lots of =a lot of 許多的;大量的,用來修飾名詞
There are a lot of students in that school. (=many)
There was a lot of snow last year.(=much)
There』s a lot of rice in the bag.(=much)
三、語法:There be句型和Have的區別
類型 There be Have
涵義不同 側重 "存在關系",表示"某地或某時間存在某人/某物",there只是引導詞,無意義。
如:There is a boat in the river.河裡有一條船。 側重 "所屬關系",示"屬於……所擁有"的東西,第三人稱用has。如: I have a nice watch.
我有一塊好看的手錶。
She has a new computer.
她有一台新電腦。
句型不同 1.肯定式:There is/are+主語+其它。
2.否定式:There is/are+ not+主語+其它。
3.疑問式:--Is/Are there+主語+其它?
--Yes, there is/are.
--No, there isn't/aren't 1.肯定式:主語+have/has+其它。
2.吉伯定式:a)主語+don't/doesn't have+其它;
b)主語+haven't/hasn't+其它。
3.疑問式:a)--Do/does+主語+have+其它?
--Yes,主語+do/does./No,主語+don't/doesn't.
b)--Have/Has+主語+其它?--Yes,主語+have/has./No,主語+haven't/hasn't.
主謂一致不同 1.There is +單數主語/不可數主語…如:
There is some milk in hte bottle.
There is a hat on the desk.
2.There are+復數主語…如:There are some flowers in the basket.
3.There is +單數主語+and+復數主語…如: There is a mouse and two pens on the deak.
4.There are+復數主語+and+單數主語…如:There are two pens and a mouseon the desk. 1.主語(第三人稱單數)+has+…如:
She has many new clothes.
Tom has a nice feather.
2.第一、二人稱單數和復數主語+have+…如:You have some good firends but they have few.
劃線提問不同 1.對主語提問一律用"What's+某地/某時?"結構,其中謂語動詞須用is,且there要省略。如:There are some pictures on the wall.---What's on the wall?
2.對地點提問要用"Where is/are there…?"如:There is a black car under the tree.--Where is there a black car?
3.對主語的數量提問要用"How many+主語(復數)+are there…?/How much+主語(不可數)+is there…?"
如: There're three people in my family. --How many people are there in your family?
There's some rice in the bag.
---How much rice is there in the bag? 1.對主語提問要用"Who/has/have+…?"如: Mary has a sweater.--Who has a sweater?
We have new brooms.--Who hsve new brooms?
2.對賓語提問要用"What have/has+主語?/What do does+主語+have…?"如: My father has a big farm .
What has your father?/
What does your father have?
3.對賓語的數量提問用"How many+復數名詞+have/has+主語?/How much+不可數名詞+have/has+主語?"或"How many +復數名詞+do/does+主語+have?/How much+不可數名詞+do/does+主語+have?"
如:I have two pictures.
--How many pictures do you have?/How many pictures have you?
注意 there be結構在改為否定或疑問句時,一般將some改為any.
如:There are some dishes on the desk.
--There aren't any dishes on the desk./Are there any dishes on the desk? have 句型在改為否定句時,也應將 some 改為 any.
如: She has some fruit.
--She hasn't/doesn't have any fruit./Has she any fruit?/Does she have any fruit?
註:在表示 "附屬於某物/某處的東西"時,there be結構與have句型都可以用。如:
There are four windows in the classroom =The classroom has four windows.
The house has eighteen floors.=There are eighteen floors in the house.
1. What』s your home like?你的家什麼樣?
like用作動詞時意為「喜歡」,用作介詞時意為「像……」,常用短語:be like, look like
2. I』m looking for a grocery store.我正在找一家雜貨店。
look for 尋找。強調尋找的動作;
find找到,發現。強調結果;
find out著重指通過分析、調查等弄清或杳明一件事情
Are you looking for your pen? Yes, I am.你在找你的鋼筆嗎?是的。
Can you help me find my bike?你能幫我找到自行車嗎?
Please find out who broke the window.請找出是誰把窗戶打破的?
3.There is one in front of our building.我們的樓前有一家(雜貨店)。
in front of 在……的前面(在范圍之外的前面)
in the front of在……的前面(在范圍內的前面)
There is a tree in front of the classroom..教室前面有一棵樹。(樹在教室外)
The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.老師站在教室的前面。(老師在教室里)
4.What』s the matter?怎麼了?(出什麼事了?)
類似的表達法還有:What』s up?/What』s wrong?/What』s going on?
5.People enjoy living in a house with a lawn and a garden.人們喜歡住帶有草坪和花園的房子。
enjoy doing sth.喜歡、享受做某事。Enjoy後接名詞或動詞的ing形式,如:
He enjoys reading novels.他喜歡讀小說。
6.I hear you playing the piano beautifully.我聽見你彈鋼琴很動聽。
hear sb. doing sth.聽到某人正在做某事。如:.
I hear them singing songs in the next room.我聽到他們正在隔壁房間唱歌。
7.Hello, this is Mrs. Wang speaking.喂,我是王太太。
電話用語,不用I和you, 而用this和that。如:
This is Mary (speaking).我是瑪麗。
Who』s that (speaking)?你是誰?
8. The kitchen fan doesn』t work.廚房的排氣扇不工作了。
work進行順利,起作用,(機器)正常運轉
如:My clock doesn』t work.我的鍾不走了。
1. Excuse me, how can I get to the library?勞駕,去圖書館怎麼走?
2. Turn right at the second turn.在第二個拐彎處向右拐。
(1) turn right(left)= turn to the right (left)向右(左)拐
(2) turn (turning)名詞,拐彎處
at the first turning在第一個拐彎處
(3) Turn right at the second turn. =Take the second turning on the right.
3. Thank you anyway.仍然(還是)要謝謝你。類似的還有:
Thank you all the same./Thank you anyhow.
4. You need to take No. 718 bus here.你需要乘718路公共汽車。
need作行為動詞時,意為「需要,需求」,有人稱、數和時態的變化。need to do sth. 需要做某事,如:You need to have a good rest.你需要好好休息。
need還可作情態動詞,意為「必要,需要」,後接動詞原形,常用作否定形式needn』t,意為「不必」,如:You needn』t drive so fast.你不必開得這么快。
5. Every year thousands of people get hurt or die in road accidents.每年成千上萬的人在交通事故中受傷或死亡。
hundred和thousand等表示數目的詞前如果有確切的數字,這些詞不用復數形式,後面直接跟名詞;如果本身表示模糊的概念,這些詞用復數且後跟of才能再接名詞,如:two hundred books兩百本書hundreds of books成百上千本書
five thousand trees五千棵樹thousands of trees 成千上萬棵樹
6. If everyone obeys the rules, the roads will be much safer.如果人人都遵守交通規則的話,道路交通就會變得更加安全。
(1) much safer安全得多 much用在比較級前,強調程度。類似的還有a little等。
The earth is much bigger the moon.地球比月亮大得多。
Are you feeling much better today?你今天覺得好點了嗎?
Tom is a little taller than his mother.湯姆比他媽媽高一點兒。
(2) if 連詞,意為「如果,假如」
If you are hungry ,you can buy some food in the shop.如果你餓了,你可以在店裡買點食物。
If he comes , I will tell you .如果他來了,我就告訴你。
補充:
三、語言點:
1. 英語中常見的問路方法有:
(1) Is there a … near here?
(2) Where is the … ,please ?
(3) Do you know the way to… ,please?
(4) Which is the way to … ,please?
(5) How can I get to …?
(6) Can you tell me the way to…?
(7) Can you find the way to …?
(8) I want to go to… .Do you know the way?
2. 英語中常見的指路方法有:
It』s over there .
It』s next to the …
It』s across from…
It』s behind the …
It』s between … and … .
Walk/Go along this street.
It』s about …meters from here.
Take the first turning on the left.
Walk on and turn right.
四、形容詞比較級的構成:
絕大多數形容詞有三種形式,原級,比較級和最高級, 以表示形容詞說明的性質在程度上的不同。
形容詞的原級: 形容詞的原級形式就是詞典中出現的形容詞的原形。 例如:
poor tall great glad bad
形容詞的比較級和最高級: 形容詞的比較級和最高級形式是在形容詞的原級形式的基礎上變 化的。 分為規則變化和不規則變化。
規則變化如下:
1) 單音節形容詞的比較級和最高級形式是在詞尾加 -er 和 -est 構成。
great (原級) greater(比較級) greatest(最高級)
2) 以 -e 結尾的單音節形容詞的比較級和最高級是在詞尾加 -r 和 -st 構成。
wide (原級) wider (比較級) widest (最高級)
3)少數以-y, -er, -ow, -ble結尾的雙音節形容詞的比較級和最高級是在詞尾加 -er 和 -est 構成。
clever(原級) cleverer(比較級) cleverest(最高級)
4) 以 -y 結尾,但 -y 前是輔音字母的形容詞的比較級和最高級是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 構 成.
happy (原形) happier (比較級) happiest (最高級)
5) 以一個輔音字母結尾其前面的母音字母發短母音的形容詞的比較級和最高級是雙寫該輔音字 母然後再加 -er和-est。
big (原級) bigger (比較級) biggest (最高級)
6) 雙音節和多音節形容詞的比較級和最高級需用more 和 most 加在形容詞前面來構成。
beautiful (原級) difficult (原級)
more beautiful (比較級) more difficult (比較級)
most beautiful (最高級) most difficult (最高級)
常用的不規則變化的形容詞的比較級和最高級:
原級比較級最高級
goodbetterbest
manymoremost
muchmoremost
badworseworst
little lessleast
ill worseworst
farfarther(further) farthest(furthest)
1. What are you going to perform at Kangkang』s birthday party?你打算在康康的生日晚會上表演什麼?
「be going to+動詞原形」的句型常用來表示打算、准備做某事或即將發生或肯定要發生某事,be是助動詞,有人稱和數的變化,如:
He is going to have a swim this afternoon.
2. What about /How about +名詞、代詞或動名詞,意為「……怎麼樣?」常用來表示對……的看法,或表示建議、詢問的方式,如:
How/What about sitting here to look at the moon?坐在這兒賞月怎麼樣?
3. I only can sing English songs.我只會唱英文歌曲。(情態動詞can的用法)
They couldn』t sing any English songs two years ago.兩年前他們不會唱英文歌曲。
一段時間+ago:表示在……時間以前,如:three months ago三個月以前
4.What will you buy for Kangkang as a birthday present?你要給康康買什麼禮物?
「will+動詞原形」表將來。
5.I can play the guitar.
三、定冠詞the 的用法
1) 定冠詞特指某(些)人或某(些)事物, 以區別於同類中其他的人或事物。
2) 定冠詞用來指上文中已提到過的人或事物。
3) 定冠詞用於表示世界上獨一無二的事物或用於自然界現象或方位名詞之前。
the sunthe moonthe earth the skythe worldthe sea
4) 定冠詞與單數名詞連用,表示這一類人或物。
5) 定冠詞與某些形容詞連用,使形容詞名詞化, 表示某一類人。
6) 用在序數詞, 形容詞最高級和表示方位的名詞前。
7) 定冠詞用在演奏樂器的名稱和文藝活動,運動場所的名稱前。
8) 定冠詞用在報刊,雜志的名稱的名詞之前。
9) 定冠詞用在江河,海洋,山脈,群島的名稱之前。
10) 定冠詞用在姓名復數之前,表示一家人。
不用冠詞的場合。
1) 專有名詞,抽象名詞和物質名詞之前一般不用冠詞。
2) 表示日常餐食名詞之前不用冠詞,但如果指具體的飲食時用定冠詞 the。
3) 在季節,月份,星期,節日。球類運動,棋類游戲的名詞之前不用冠詞。
4)語言的名稱前不用冠詞。
5) 某些固定片語不用冠詞。
by air, on foot, at night, after school, at home, go to class, in fact, from morning till night.
㈧ 七下英語語法總結(人教版),要細致一些,粗略地不要
七年級英語語法上冊下冊總結:
七年級英語語法雖然是從簡單的一些日常用語出發的,但語法中常會有一些知識點看起來很細小,容易被忽視,但這些知識點掌握不熟練,往往會造成一些語法應用上的錯誤。因此在學習七年級英語語法時,要認真、細心,不要覺得一些地方不重要而得過且過。
下面從幾個方面,總結出了七年級英語語法,如果要復習英語句法的同學,可以參考一下,
一、七年級英語語法——詞法
1、名詞
A)、名詞的數
我們知道名詞可以分為可數名詞和不可數名詞,而不可數名詞它沒有復數形式,但可數名詞卻有單數和復數之分,復數的構成如下:
一)在後面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, ty-ties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o結尾加s(外來詞)。如:radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯
五)以f或fe結尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)單復數相同(不變的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有復數,沒有單數的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)單詞形式不變,既可以是單數也可以是復數的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同學, family家,家庭成員
九)合成的復數一般只加主要名詞,多數為後一個單詞。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復數則同時為復數。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的單復數意思不同。如:fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙,卷子,論文, work工作 works作品,工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數, chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞
十一) 單個字母的復數可以有兩種形式直接加s或』s。如:Is (I』s), Ks (K』s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二) 特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名詞的格
當我們要表示某人的什麼東西或人時,我們就要使用所有格形式。構成如下:
一)單數在後面加』s。如:brother』s, Mike』s, teacher』s
二)復數以s結尾的直接在s後加』,如果不是以s結尾的與單數一樣處理。如:Teachers』 Day教師節, classmates』; Children』s Day六一節, Women』s Day三八節
三)由and並列的名詞所有時,如果是共同所有同一人或物時,只加最後一個』s,但分別擁有時卻分別按單數形式處理。如:Mike and Ben』s room邁克和本的房間(共住一間),Mike』s and Ben』s rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間)
2、代詞
項目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞
人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性
第一人稱 單數 I me my mine myself
復數 we us our ours ourselves
第二人稱 單數 you you your yours yourself
復數 you you your yours yourselves
第三人稱 單數 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
復數 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、動詞
A) 第三人稱單數
當動詞是第三人稱單數時,動詞應該像名詞的單數變動詞那樣加s,如下:
一)一般在詞後加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch後加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以輔音字母加y結尾的變y為i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以母音字母加y結尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o結尾加es。如:does, goes
五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has
B) 現在分詞
當我們說某人正在做什麼事時,動詞要使用分詞形式,不能用原形,構成如下:
一)一般在後加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不發音e的結尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重讀閉音節結尾且一個母音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要雙寫最後的輔音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie結尾的變ie為y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位於
4、形容詞的級
我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時,則要使用比較或最高級形式。構成如下:
一) 一般在詞後加er或est(如果是以e結尾則直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
二)以重讀閉音節結尾且1個母音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外,如few-fewer fewest)結尾的雙寫結尾的輔音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
三) 以輔音字母+y結尾的變y為i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情況:(兩好多壞,一少老遠)
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
5、數詞 (基變序,有規則;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它後接th;y結尾,變為i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、七年級英語語法——句式
1.陳述句
肯定陳述句 a) This is a book. (be動詞)
b) He looks very young. (連系動詞)
c) I want a sweat like this. (實義動詞)
d) I can bring some things to school. (情態動詞)
e) There』s a computer on my desk. (There be結構)
否定陳述句 a) These aren』t their books. b) They don』t look nice.
c) Kate doesn』t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can』t find her doll.
e) There isn』t a cat here. (=There』s no cat here.)
2. 祈使句
肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let』s learn English!
c) Come in, please.
否定祈使句a) Don』t be late. b) Don』t hurry.
3. 疑問句
1) 一般疑問句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?
d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?
肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.
否定回答: a) No, he isn』t. b) No, you can』t. c) No, she doesn』t. d) No, they don』t. e) No, she isn』t.
2) 選擇疑問句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It』s big./ It』s small.
3) 特殊疑問句
① 問年齡 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.
② 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
③ 問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.
④ 問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.
How do we contact you? My e-mail address is [email protected].
⑤ 問原因 Why do you want to join the club?
⑥ 問時間 What』s the time? (=What time is it?) It』s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o』clock.
When do you want to go? Let』s go at 7:00.
⑦ 問地方 Where』s my backpack? It』s under the table.
⑧ 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue.
What』s your favourite color? It』s black.
⑨ 問人物 Who』s that? It』s my sister.
Who is the boy in blue? My brother.
Who isn』t at school? Peter and Emma.
Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
⑩ 問東西 What』s this/that (in English)? It』s a pencil case.
What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.
11問姓名 What』s your aunt』s name? Her name is Helen./She』s Helen.
What』s your first name? My first name』s Ben.
What』s your family name? My family name』s Smith.
12 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box.
13 問字母 What letter is it? It』s big D/small f.
14 問價格 How much are these pants? They』re 15 dollars.
15 問電話號碼 What』s your phone number? It』s 576-8349.
16 問謂語(動作) What』s he doing? He』s watching TV.
17 問職業(身份) What do you do? I』m a teacher.
What』s your father? He』s a doctor.
三、七年級英語語法——時態
1、一般現在時 表示普遍、經常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現在時,它有:
Be 動詞:She』s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn』t a worker.
情態動詞:I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can』t play the piano.
行為動詞:They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don』t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn』t have a watch.
2、現在進行時 表示動詞在此時正在發生或進行就使用進行時態,結構為sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
I』m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I』m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn』t writing a letter.
They』re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren』t listening to the pop music.
㈨ 初一下學期英語總結300字,要中文!
給你篇參考:
1.單詞的熟練程度欠缺,一些相近詞的詞義出現混淆,字母順序可能顛倒。
2.對固定的句型掌握不牢固,單三人稱的運用不太熟練。以後會做這一方面的專項練習。
3.作文出現失誤,導致失分。
英語,還是在一些題上出現了馬虎的現象。
總而言之今後的學習計劃應該和上學期時不同。因此我要改變學習方法。為了改進學習方法,我給自己訂了一個學習計劃:
(1)做好課前預習。也就是要擠出時間,把老師還沒有講過的內容先看一遍。尤其是語文課,要先把生字認會,把課文讀熟;對課文要能分清層次,說出段意,正確理解課文內容。
(2)上課要積極發言。對於沒有聽懂的問題,要敢於舉手提問。
(3)每天的家庭作業,做完後先讓家長檢查一遍,把做錯了的和不會做的,讓家長講一講,把以前做錯了的題目,經常拿出來看一看,復習復習。
(4)要多讀一些課外書。每天中午吃完飯,看半個小時課外書;每天晚上做完作業,只要有時間,再看幾篇作文。
(5)課外學習不放鬆。能夠利用星期天和節假日,到少年宮去學習作文、奧數、英語和書法,按時完成老師布置的作業,使各門功課都取得了好的成績。