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崑曲英語四級作文

發布時間: 2021-12-28 12:04:57

⑴ 當前崑曲回春,如何讓中國傳統文化遺產走向復興之路800字作文

因為關注目前中國基層的文化建設到底在做什麼,所以我到梁平縣來。通過這兩天的所見所聞,讓我感覺到中國傳統文化的復興在基層萌動。
眾所周知,中國傳統文化在20世紀的某些時期遭到了破壞,但它是一種幾千年以來形成的社會心理,一種不說話的精神存在,一個價值系統。實踐表明,在我們黃皮膚人的軀殼里,不可能包含一個西方的靈魂,不可能裝一個西方的精神文化,只能裝以儒家為核心的中國文化。中國文化,幾千年來深深根植於中國家庭之中,家庭成員按照親親的原則生活著,並擴展於社會。但一段時期,我們這個社會被強制以階級斗爭來充滿和代替傳統文化,所以中國社會就變形了。我曾經在1972年到過曲阜,看見孔子的墓被挖成一個大水坑,碑也被推倒在地。試想,全世界有哪個民族如此去摧毀自己的祖宗?因此,文化彎路啟示我們:我們的文化只能選擇以儒家為核心的傳統文化。當然,我們對於西方文化,當然要吸取其精華,故步自封是走不通的。
《易經》是儒家思想之源。孔子提倡「仁」,孟子發現人性善,主要解決的是我們中國人的人生哲學問題。而《周易》講的是我們中國人的宇宙模式。來知德研究《周易》,他以易數構建宇宙,同時也具有很高的道德水準和人生哲學,並關注地方文化建設。所以從這個角度講,梁平是很富有的,像這樣的大儒家,中國歷史上有多少?諸位生逢當下,是很幸運的,因為我們這個時代正是中國崛起的時代。但是,如果沒有以儒家為核心的文化,我們的崛起就沒有根基。因此,中國自上而下意識到傳統文化的重要性,是我們這個時代很偉大的進步。
中國各地的文化重建,首先就是把地方的先進先賢文化挖掘出來。我認為梁平走在了地方文化建設的前面。來知德在那樣一個混亂、黑暗、荒唐的時代,他始終能保持風骨,就是一種儒家對天下的責任。他一生對天下的責任心和貢獻,就是梁平最大的精神財富。來知德,就如其名字一樣,一輩子崇德,為社會,為學術,為民族奉獻。當然,中國傳統文化的復興,德與法都重要,二者結合就是東西方文化的結合,這當是重建中國文化的道路。

⑵ 形容崑曲的成語有哪些

餘音繞梁、珠圓玉潤、娓娓動聽、鏗鏘有力、洋洋盈耳
一、餘音繞梁 [ yú yīn rào liáng ]
【解釋】:形容歌聲優美,給人留下難忘的印象。
【出自】:戰國 列子《列子·湯問》:「昔韓娥東之齊,匱糧,過雍門,鬻歌假食,既去而餘音繞梁,三日不絕,左右以其人弗去。」
【譯文】:以前韓國的娥東面的齊國,沒有糧食,經過雍門,靠賣唱吃,離開後,餘音繞梁,三日不停,左右的人把那人就走了。
二、珠圓玉潤 [ zhū yuán yù rùn ]
【解釋】:潤:細膩光滑。象珠子一樣圓,象玉石一樣光潤。比喻歌聲宛轉優美,或文字流暢明快。
【出自】:唐·張文琮《詠水詩》:「方流涵玉潤,圓折動珠光。」
【解釋】:正流涵潤澤如玉,圓轉動珠光。
三、娓娓動聽 [ wěi wěi dòng tīng ]
【解釋】:形容善於講話,使人喜歡聽。
【出自】:清·曾樸《孽海花》第三十四回:「就把英語來對答,倒也說得清脆悠揚,娓娓動聽。」
四、鏗鏘有力 [ kēng qiāng yǒu lì ]
【解釋】:形容聲音響亮而有勁。鏗鏹:有節奏而響亮的聲音。
【出自】:郭小川《痛悼敬愛的周總理》詩:「我們的總理,回答得最為鏗鏘有力;不用語言,而用電閃雷鳴般的一生的經歷。」
五、洋洋盈耳 [ yáng yáng yíng ěr ]
【解釋】:形容講話、讀書的聲音悅耳動聽。
【出自】:春秋.孔子的弟子及再傳弟子《論語·泰伯》:「師摯之始,《關雎》之亂,洋洋乎,盈耳哉。」
【譯文】:孔子說:「從太師摯開始演奏,到結尾演奏《關雎》樂曲的時間里,美妙動聽的音樂都充盈在耳邊。」

⑶ 杭州四中的國際班要是在校外補托福,都去哪些機構比較多

2018年6月英語四級翻譯模擬:崑曲
請將下面這段話翻譯成英文:
崑曲(Kunqu Opera)源於江蘇崑山地區,至今已有600多年的歷史,它是中國戲曲最古老的存在形式之一。崑曲有一個完整的表演體系並且有自己獨特的腔調。崑曲在明朝初期得到發展。從16到18世紀,它一直主宰著中國戲曲。此外,崑曲還影響了許多其他的中國戲曲形式。今天,崑曲依然在中國的一些大城市被進行表演,受到了許多人的喜愛。
參考譯文:
Kunqu Opera originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu. It is one of the oldest existing forms of Chinese operas with a history of more than 600 years. Kunqu Opera has a complete system of acting characterized by its own distinctive tunes. During the early Ming Dynasty, Kunqu Opera got developed and it dominated Chinese theatre from the 16th to the 18th century. In addition, Kunqu Opera has influenced many other Chinese theatre forms. Today, Kunqu Opera is still played in some major cities of China and enjoys a popularity among many people.
1.至今已有600多年的歷史:「已有600多年的歷史」可譯為with a history of more than 600 years,其中with a history of意表示「有...的歷史」,more than表示「多於,超過」。
2.崑曲在明朝初期得到發展:「發展」可譯為develop,常用的短語有develop into, 意為「發展成為」。「明朝初期」可譯為the early Ming Dynasty,而「明朝末期」可譯為the late Ming Dynasty。
3.此外,崑曲還影響了許多其他的中國戲曲形式:「此外」可譯為in addition。「影響」可譯為influence,也可譯為have the influence of。

⑷ 如何學習崑曲

一、聽到爛熟在加入曲社前,因為實在太喜歡《游園·皂羅袍》了,自不量力的想跟著錄音自學。於是上班路上聽,下班路上聽,到家了對著電腦還在聽。總之就像是著了魔般的在那重復播放,讀書時練英語聽力都沒這百分之一的努力。當然,結局必然是慘淡的——此乃後話,暫且按下不表。不過,我並非全無收獲。那一個月里,我不敢誇口說把皂羅袍聽了上千遍,但五百遍是不誇張的。雖然我依然還是那個看著譜也不著調的音痴,但在將每個音符都背下後,終於做到隨便聽到這曲子任何一段,都能自動接下去,隔得時間再久也不會忘——這恐怕是深刻到DNA的記憶了。此後在正式加入曲社開始學習後,我便如法炮製,每首曲子先聽個爛熟,這樣在請老師拍曲前,先大致克服了跑調的問題,學的人教的人都輕松許多。 二、老師拍曲在這里先要感謝下貝聿娍、柳繼雁、凌繼勤三位老師無比耐心的教導,讓我從一個爬都爬不像樣的小嬰兒,進化到勉強扶著牆蹣跚而行的幼童。我爹娘經常感嘆的一句話是:「我真是佩服你們那些老師的耐心,像你這么五音不全的人都能教得像模像樣入了調!」——從來沒在幼兒園時期教會我任何一支兒歌的他們,的確很有資格作此感慨。說回聽錄音自學的時候,真的是很挫折的一段經歷。明明在腦中都能自動播放到每個音都不差,一張嘴就全不對了。每一個字包涵了數個音符,且音符之間的轉換技法各有不同。聽得出來,但就是唱不出來。正在此時,錢展平阿姨輾轉聽說了我迷上了崑曲的事,來問我要不要去曲社看看。當時我也不知道怎麼了,真是拍大了膽子,厚著臉皮蹭進了曲社,開始了折磨各位老師的歷史。當時同期進社學習的姜威、杜鵑、李喆三位同學,是我堅持下去的精神支柱——雖然我是最不成器的,但有人陪著出洋相,心裡負擔真是輕快不少。(相信我的存在,也是她們的自信源泉……這是絕對的。)於是,在老師的指導下,我們知道了什麼是丹田氣,什麼是噴口,還有各種小腔。有了一定的基礎知識後,再回頭聽相同的曲子,感受完全不同了——可以自己分析各種細微的技巧運用。這時再努力,就好比一拳頭打出去,知道該往哪個地方使勁才能正中要害。 三、勤記勤唱說到做筆記的問題,其實應該並入上一部分,不過內容太多了,就分出來單獨寫。剛開始學曲的時候,老師前腳拍過的內容,轉眼就忘了。於是老師就一遍一遍的重復,重復得我都良心不安。所謂「好記性不如爛筆頭」,後來發現稍微做一下筆記,幫助真的不小。我習慣將一些特殊的小腔標注在旁,還有輕重、緩急、氣口之類的曲譜上表達不出來的經驗習慣記錄下來。這樣照著曲譜練習的時候,就會留意到。不然的話,如果按著壞習慣一遍遍練習的話,只會越來越難糾正過來。將需要鞏固的內容記下後,就是自己砸死功夫下去了。天分這東西擺在那裡,大家自己心中明白。我的策略就是「笨鳥多飛」,別人動一下翅膀能飛到的距離,我就多扇兩下,也能飛個差不離。雖然沒有時間每天練習,但至少保證每星期一到兩個晚上全心全意的唱,其他什麼都不幹。 四、學工尺譜剛接觸崑曲的時候,通常都是從五線譜或簡譜開始的。我開始學曲後,很快就毫無壓力的換成了工尺譜——反正什麼譜我都對不上調,都是在背熟曲調後起個提示作用。工尺譜看似深奧難懂,簡單的說,就是音調符號加節拍標記,與五線譜和簡譜同一道理。崑曲的豎排記錄,加上工尺譜真叫一個匹配,一眼掃下來很輕松,而且每個字間的距離相等,不會失去對句子整體的把握。但我贊成盡快轉換到工尺譜,還有更深的原因。在略微有所了解後,就覺得工尺譜很妙,可以說,不愧是誕生在中國的記譜方式——隨性自由、講求神達、不拘細節。與西方嚴格的記譜規則,恰成對比。一樣的曲譜,可以有不同的解讀,一旦將之轉換為簡譜,曲中閑適自由的味道頓失,就好像被綁住了手腳,失去想像空間。真想要心領神會崑曲的味道,工尺譜可說是不可或缺的。

⑸ 崑曲中演唱曲子的調門怎麼確定

崑曲的主要伴奏樂器是曲笛,和曲笛相對的是梆笛,曲笛外形較為粗長,音域較低,適於吹奏崑曲因此得名「曲笛」。梆笛外形較細短,音區較高, 適於在梆子腔中吹奏因此得名「梆笛」。曲笛的材質是竹管,由一個吹孔,一個膜孔(貼笛膜用)和六個發音孔構成。最常用的曲笛是D調曲笛,即將六個發音孔全閉合後發出的音為標准音 A,開第三個孔為D的這種竹笛。崑曲的調門兒就是根據這種曲笛而定的,幾百支甚至上千支的曲牌共用七種調門。我們把曲笛六個發音孔全閉合稱為「筒音」,筒音為「5」是崑曲的「小工調」,今稱D調,筒音為「4」是崑曲的「凡字調」,今稱E調,筒音為「3」是崑曲的六字調 ,今稱F調,筒音為「2」是崑曲的正宮調,今稱G調;筒音為「1」是崑曲的「乙字調」,今稱A調,筒音為「7」是崑曲的上字調,今稱降B調,筒音為「6」是崑曲的尺字調,今稱C調。京劇的調門與崑曲相同,只不過京劇又多了半音的調門,如扒字調為降E調,扒半調為E調,六半調為升F調。其實無論崑曲,或京劇的調門都應該統一在當前音樂的規范中,這樣才會更為明確,更為方便,即直接用C、D、E、F、G、A、B等調門符號說話,現今很多專業演員,已經用英語字母來表示調兒了,比如京劇《望江亭》的四平調已經很少人說唱「尺半調」了,大家都說唱升C調。

⑹ 有關崑曲的英語作文 趕緊的 現在要

崑曲是發源於14、15世紀蘇州崑山的曲唱藝術體系,揉合了唱念做表、舞蹈及武術的表演藝術。現在一般亦指代其舞台形式昆劇。崑曲以鼓、板控制演唱節奏,以曲笛、三弦等為主要伴奏樂器,主要以中州官話為唱說語言。崑曲在2001年被聯合國教科文組織列為「人類口述和非物質遺產代表作」。 明朝漢族音樂以戲曲音樂為主。明代人稱南戲為《傳奇》。明以後,雜劇形漸衰落,《傳奇》音樂獨主劇壇,兼收雜劇音樂,改名崑曲。
Kunqu originated in the 14th and 15th century suzhou of kunshan city song singing art system, knead chant daimoku do table, dance and martial arts of the performing arts. General now also refer to the kunju stage form. Kunqu opera to drum, board controls singing rhythms to QuDi, three stringed instrument as main accompaniment instrument, mainly in zhongzhou mandarin language of singing said. Kunqu opera in 2001 by UNESCO as "human oral and non-material heritage representative work". The Ming dynasty han music to dramatic music primarily. Ming said NaXi for the legend ". Ming dynasty form graally declined after, the Lord alone music legend "dramatic world, music, renamed destinations zaju of kunqu opera

⑺ 你好 我叫萬玲玲 興趣愛好是 唱崑曲的英文

大家好,我叫徐源.我的愛好是唱歌,很高興來到這個班.希望在以後的3年裡,我們能互相幫助,成為好朋友,
Hi,My name is Xu Yuan.My hobbies are singing,I am happy to come to this class.Hope that the next three years,we can help each other,become good friends,thank you!

⑻ 崑曲 用英語怎麼說

Kun Opera
例句:A modern interpretation
of Kun Opera is no doubt provide us with an
idea.

⑼ 求寫一篇英語作文

First, the college entrance examination reform should consider the global
The college entrance examination reform should be defined from the general direction, completes the design from the top, change the status quo of a youngster now.Only the English one discipline marginalization even get to be cancelled, it can't ease the burden on students, cannot achieve the university entrance exam of fair competition.
Second, weakening English is inverse historical trend
China's 30 years of reform and opening up has made great achievements, this is our China's reform and opening up the trend of The Times, reform and opening up of our economic progress in many aspects, including a new change is foreign language quality of the Chinese people have greatly improved, for the open to the public or the introction of international advanced technology into the Chinese played a very big role.Now we absolutely will not be able to reverse the historical tide and moving, very easy national foreign language quality has been improved, and give it to back down now, it is really terrible.The most fear is for ecation.
Third, middle school students' heavy burden is not all because of English
Even lower the English scores in the university entrance exam is not even points, will not according to what some people think high school students are trying to learn Chinese, this is not necessarily.Hot in China English is decided by the atmosphere of whole society.Now the street is full of McDonald's, KFC, and rarely in the Peking Opera on TV play kunqu opera, the atmosphere will be caused many students to study abroad, cause English fever.According to my experience, in the ordinary high school students really extracurricular burden heavier is not English, and major is English teaching in China is too difficult, of course the extracurricular study language.
Fourth, should not be excessively belittled English teaching results
Now people took nearly 30 years when it comes to English teaching of middle school English teaching of darkness, it is always emphasized this point of view, we are all the mb English 30 years middle school English teaching achievement is amazing, because it makes hundreds of millions of Chinese English level has been improved.One of the main mark, now young people in China basically able to read English, can understand simple English, can write something.Teaching spoken English no, of course, this is not hatred, because China is a big class teaching.Additionally we no social language environment in China, the improvement of oral English, as long as have the ability to read, to foreign or have certain environmental months from practice, so should not degrade the results of English teaching excessively.
Fifth, disguised deprived of farmers' children the opportunity to learn English
If, as one would expect the primary school English is cancelled, the junior middle school learn symbolic, got into the university entrance exam is not by the society to take an examination of, the direct cause of a consequence is that the broad masses of workers and peasants and other ordinary people.Because for a man who has a good family condition, the school does not open the English class can go to class in the outside, but if a peasant children doesn't open English class at school, or school, you can do it, that to the university in the future, there is no way to compete and high level.So can't go to the deprivation of farmers' children the opportunity to learn English.
Sixth, the burden on the university English teaching
Beijing college entrance examination English original 150 now to 100, and after the university entrance exam is not points, change my English level to the social evaluation, social institutions give you get a ABC finally got everyone is almost a level, of intangible greatly reces the level of English.Middle school's English level in the push the burden is to lower the university, the students entered the university, there is no a lot of energy to study professional, but have to try very hard to learn English, because have to go through English four levels of cet 6, but can't use somebody else's band 4 and band 6 foreign literature, this is actually the university teaching is also very bad.
Seventh, students will miss the best time to learn English
When one's life the best time in the middle school language is primary and secondary schools, especially in middle school, when doing the thing, a person over 20 foreign language is not good studious, 30, 40, a slim chance of success.When learning a foreign language well?Is ten years old, ring the age ten to seventeen or eighteen.If the precious time he wouldn't let him learn English or only learn a few things, violates the law of development.
8 and the destruction of the school teaching order
According to the practice of the new scheme, actually destroyed the school's teaching order, because if the high grade can also go to attend the university entrance exam grade examination, a lot of key middle school high student completely can be admitted to the class, English class colleges give him it doesn't work?Doesn't open English class to give him to the classroom and the teacher alone, poor school arrangement.Chinese schools are teaching large classes, not so much the teachers aren't that many of the classroom, not practical, so we don't see China's specific national conditions.
Ninth, English reform should be careful investigation
The English reform not only to the middle school, elementary school, to the whole society is a kind of vibration, such a big reform must have scientific data, with careful and meticulous social investigation.And the data should be made public.Investigated what person, how many people, what these data reflect the situation, and should be a hearing.This is a matter of hundreds of millions of people's growth, even should be determined by the National People's Congress to discuss the problem.Our country in foreign language it ate a lot of losses, the liberation put English are deleted, the all Chinese people learn Russian, in 80 and the Russian are cancelled when learning English, and now to be disguised fade out English marginalized, the damage is very big in the future.Apart from a large number of very easy English talents of possible loss to go elsewhere, in a few years to get these people back hard.This transaction need careful.
中文翻譯:
第一,高考改革應從全局考慮
高考改革應該從大方向上定義,從頂層上做好設計,改變現在一考定終身的現狀。僅僅把英語一個學科邊緣化甚至變向取消,這種做法無法減輕學生負擔,無法實現高考的公平競爭。
第二,弱化英語是逆歷史潮流
中國30年來的改革開放取得了偉大的成績,這是我們中國改革開放大勢所趨,改革開放當中我們的經濟各方面都有進步,其中一個新變化就是中國人的外語素質有了很大提高,這對於對外開放或者把國際上先進的技術引入中國起了非常大的作用。現在我們絕對不能夠逆歷史潮流而動,好容易國民的外語素質有了提高,現在又把它給壓回去,這種做法其實是很可怕的。教育上最害怕的就是折騰。
第三,中學生負擔重並不全因為英語
即使把英語降低了分數甚至在高考里不算分,也不會按照有些人所想的中學生都努力去學國學了,這個不一定。中國的英語熱是由整個社會的氛圍決定的。現在大街上到處是麥當勞、肯德基,電視上也很少演京劇演崑曲,這種氛圍必然造成了很多同學准備出國留學,造成英語熱。根據我的體會,在普通高中當中學生真正課外負擔比較重的並不是英語,而主要是中國的數理化教的太難了,當然課外鑽研語文的人也不多。
第四,不應過分貶低英語教學成績
現在人們一談到英語教學就把近30年的中學英語教學說的一片黑暗,總是強調我們都是啞巴英語這種觀點,30年中學英語教學的成績是了不起的,因為它使億萬中國人的英語水平有了提高。最主要的一個標志,現在中國的年輕人基本上都能夠閱讀英語,都能夠聽懂簡單的英語,都能寫點東西。當然口語水平不行,這個也不怨教學,因為中國是大班教學。另外我們中國沒有社會的大語言環境,口語的提高,只要有了閱讀能力,到了國外或者有一定環境的話幾個月就能練出來,所以不應該過分地貶低英語教學的成績。
第五,變相剝奪了農民子弟學英語的機會
如果像有人所期望的那樣把小學的英語取消了,初中象徵性的學點,高考也不考了改成由社會去考,這個直接造成的一個後果是廣大的工農群眾等普通人受損害。因為對於家庭條件好的人來說,學校不開英語課可以到課外去報班,可是一個農民的孩子如果學校里不開英語課,或者學校裡面就湊合一下,那他今後到了大學就沒有辦法和高水平的人去競爭。所以不能夠變向的剝奪農民子弟學英語的機會。
第六,把英語教學負擔推給了大學
北京高考英語原來150分現在改成100分,而且以後高考不算分,把英語水平改到社會上去評定,社會機構給你弄個ABC最後弄的大家都差不多是一個等級,無形當中大大降低了英語的水平。中學的英語水平一降低實際上把負擔就推給了大學,今後學生進了大學就沒有很多的精力去研究專業,而是得拚命學英語,因為得通過英語四級六級,不過四六級無法使用人家外國的文獻,這實際上對大學的教學也很不利。
第七,學生會錯過學英語最好的時光
一個人一生當中學外語最好的時光是小學和中學,特別是中學,一個人該什麼時候干什麼事,一個人過了20歲外語不好好學,30歲、40歲成功的可能性很小了。什麼時候學外語好?就是十來歲,十歲到十七八歲期間。如果在寶貴的時間不讓他學英語或者只讓他學少量的東西,違背了人的發展規律。
第八,破壞了學校的教學秩序
按新方案的做法,實際上破壞了學校的教學秩序,因為如果高一年級也可以去參加高考等級考試,很多重點中學的高一學生完全就可以考上那個等級,高二高三給他開不開英語課?不開英語課得給他單獨准備教室和老師,學校不好安排。中國的學校都是大班教學,沒有那麼多師資也沒有那麼多教室,這樣不切合實際,沒有看到我們中國具體的國情。
第九,英語改革要有周密的調查
這次英語改革不但對中學、小學,對全社會都是一種震動,這樣大型的改革必須得有科學數據,有周密細致的社會調查。而且數據應該公布於眾。調查了什麼人,多少人,這些數據反映了什麼狀況,而且應該進行聽證。這個事情事關幾億人的成長問題,甚至應該由人大討論這個問題。我們國家在外語這事上吃了很大的虧,解放初就把英語都刪掉了,結果全中國人都學俄語,到了80年的時候又把俄語都取消了學英語,現在又要變相淡化英語邊緣化英語,將來造成的傷害就很大。且不說大量的好容易培養出來的英語人才有可能流失到別的地方去,再過幾年想把這些人找回來就很難了。這事務必要慎重。

額,翻譯了很久給一點分分唄

⑽ 崑曲用英文介紹一下

from wikepedia

Kunqu (崑曲; pinyin: Kūnqǔ; Wade-Giles: k'un-ch'ü), also known as Kunju, Kun opera or Kunqu Opera, is one of the oldest extant forms of Chinese opera. It evolved from the Kunshan melody, and dominated Chinese theatre from the 16th to the 18th centuries. Kunqu originated in the Wu cultural area.

History

Kunqu boasts a 600-year history and is known as the "teacher" or "mother" of a hundred operas, because of its influence on other Chinese theatre forms, including Jingju (Peking Opera). Its emergence ushered in the second Golden Era of Chinese drama, but by the early twentieth century it had nearly disappeared, which was only exacerbated by deliberate attempts to suppress it ring the Cultural Revolution.

One of the major literary forms of the Ming and Qing dynasties was chuanqi drama, originating from the South. Chuanqi, an old form of dramatic opera, originates from the nanxi in late 14th century before the kunqu opera arises. However, in late 16 century, kunqu opera starts to dominate large part of Chinese drama. [1] Plays that continue to be famous today, including The Peony Pavilion and The Peach Blossom Fan, were originally written for the Kunqu stage. In addition, many classical Chinese novels and stories, such as Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin and Journey to the West were adapted very early into dramatic pieces.

Today, Kunqu is performed professionally in seven Mainland Chinese cities: Beijing (Northern Kunqu Theatre), Shanghai (Shanghai Kunqu Theatre), Suzhou (Suzhou Kunqu Theatre), Nanjing (Jiangsu Province Kunqu Theatre), Chenzhou (Hunan Kunqu Theatre), Yongjia County/Wenzhou (Yongjia Kunqu Theatre) and Hangzhou (Zhejiang Province Kunqu Theatre), as well as in Taipei. Non-professional opera societies are active in many other cities in China and abroad, and opera companies occasionally tour.

Kunqu was listed as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2001. Its melody or tune is one of the Four Great Characteristic Melodies in Chinese opera.

Repertoire

* The Peony Pavilion (Tang Xianzu)
* The Peach Blossom Fan (Kong Shangren)
* The Palace of Long Life (Hong Sheng)
* The White Snake
* The Western Mansion (Southern version, adapted from Wang Shifu's zaju)
* The Injustice done to Dou E (adapted from Guan Hanqing's zaju)
* The Kite (Li Yu)

[edit] Dramatists

* Tang Xianzu
* Kong Shangren
* Li Yu
* Hong Sheng
* Feng Menglong

Performers

* Yu Zhenfei
* Mei Lanfang
* Zhang Jiqing
* Wang Shiyu
* Yue Meiti
* Liang Guyin
* Cai Zhengren
* Ji Zhenhua
* Jennifer Hua Wenyi
* Qian Yi

[edit] References

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