英語四級語法之被動語態練題3

1. 四級的語法題，請高手門進來指教！

1、They are said A their task.
A to have finished doing B to have finished to do
註：finish to do 和doing 有區別么？

答：固定的用法是finish doing sth,finish有完成的意思，後面自然加相應的被完成的項目或者事情，to do表達的是需要做什麼，即還未做，但將要做的事情，很明顯二者不能搭配在一起．

2 Can freedom B exist in a society without some form of law and order?
A choosing B to choose C to have chosen D to be choosing

答：和幾個朋友討論後認為，在理解選項B的時候可以先不看選項，這樣句意就很好理解了．在理解了句意的情況下，另有兩個前提．一是can的問句中動詞為原形，二是了解句意後知道freedom不能作為choose的主語．A、C、D三項顯然都是主動語態，故排除．而to choose（不定式）是可以表被動的．
整個句子的意思不難理解：
（你們說沒有自由，那麼）如果有選擇的話，自由能存在與一個沒有任何形式法律和條例的社會嗎？

3 The old man's B pity on the snake led to his own death.
A take B taking C being taken
注:這句話怎麼翻譯的啊？貌似病句?我選的C,不懂這道題.

答：take pity on,可憐．．，對．．仁慈。C項是被動語態，顯然不可以，因為老人是動作的發出者，即施動者，所以應該是主動態．
句子意思是：
老人對蛇（不該有）的仁慈把自己送上了死路．

4 The sick woman needs A .
A looking after B being looked after

答：need在此顯然是作為實義動詞（有單復數標記），考慮到作為實義動詞時有兩種用法：
sth needs to be done
sth/sb needs doing(washing,mending,etc)/sth
B選項的用法沒有卻很容易混淆．

同樣第12題是相通的，因為need在句子里是一個實義動詞．所以可以把它看成一般的動詞變化．
｛12 We need to operate on him, don't we?
注:這里可以用needn't的吧?｝

5 I would not consider B abroad at this time of this year.
A of going B going
注:我記得有個句型:consider of doing ?

答：consider作為動詞時和前面的finish用法類似，都是加動名詞，沒有你說的consider of doing結構

6 I apologize for A my promise.
A not having kept B having not kept

答：這里是簡單的語序問題，記住結構就可以了，否定詞在前，分詞在後

7 She has introced a new method B English.
A to learn B of learning
注:way 是接介詞to,method 接of么?

答：表達做什麼事情的方法時，method後接的介詞為of和for，介詞後再接動名詞．

8 Seated a bench ,she was waiting for me.
注:這個seated,原來懂這個語法點的，現在有點糊塗了，希望詳細講解下..

答：seat作為名詞時有」座位，席位，臀部」等意思．作為動詞時，一是表示」就座」，可以說be seated,seat oneself,但是說坐在什麼地方時要加介詞．比如：
Please be/keep/remain seated.
He seated himself behind the desk.
二是表示」容納」，相當於hold.
看來你的句子少了一個介詞．

9 I told them that in the presence of the old lady they shouldn't say anything until A .
A asked B being asked

答：把省略的主謂部分補上：
I told them they shouldn't say anything until they were asked/being asked.
表達被詢問的狀態，應該不需要用進行時態的被動態．

10 B the teacher coming in ,the girl's face went red
A seeing B when she saw C having seen
注:選C不就是用非謂語動詞,現在分詞表伴隨么?

答：現在分詞表伴隨使用於主句與從句主語一致，前面從句的主語需要是她（she），選A、C意味著主語和後面的主句一致（face），顯然不合適．

11 She must have read the poem before, hasn't she ?
Tom must have watched the TV play last night, didn't he?
注:為什麼一個用hasn't,一個用didn't?

答：因為前者強調效果，後者強調動作．
她以前讀過這首詩（效果）
他昨天晚上看電視了（行為）

13 There goes the bell, doesn't it?
注:為什麼是it,不是there?

答：it指代發生的某件事情，主語並不是there.

14 For him,to learn English isn't easy, B ?
A is he B is it

答：（對於他來說）學習英語不容易．主語是」學習英語」，不是」他」．

15 So you like my cooking, do you ?
注:這里變反義疑問句該用肯定?

答：這大概是很口語化的一個句子，主要是考慮有一定的語境．大概說話的人是帶著一些調侃的自豪和自以為是的，就像我們故意對熟悉的人說」我的菜炒得很好，是吧？」這樣聽到的人自然會反駁，從而達到幽默的效果，輕松氣氛．

16 He disbelieves the story , doesn't he?
Nobody phoned in my absence,didn't they?
注:
1、的disbelieve,不就是否定么，為什麼疑問部分還是否定?

答：類似disbelieve的有否定性前綴的詞，如dislike,在反意疑問句中是把他們看作一般的動詞來變化的．

2、phone in 在這句話里是什麼意思?

答：拆開來理解，phone作為一個動詞，相當於called,後面in和the absence搭配，句子意思是：
沒有人在我離開的時候（in my absence）打電話過來，是吧？

2. 英語四級題，請英語高手指教

先把原句分成兩句：
All flights have been canceled because of the snowstorm.
Many passengers could do nothing but take the train.

現在既然是一句話，其中的謂語是could do，那麼前面不可能再出現其他的謂語成分了，因而ACD直接被排除掉了.

另外：答案B是分詞獨立主格結構，它的特點是在句中不能作謂語成分.以後遇到類似的句子，先找其中的謂語成分，用排除法，會容易得多.

3. 英語四種時態的被動語態3個例句

一般現在時.一般過去時，我被告知他媽媽得了感冒，肯定句Is
this
book
bought
by
you，疑問句，這本書是你買的嗎？
I
was
told
that
his
mother
caught
a
cold

4. 英語四級語法題

這句話的主語是students,前面的從句做伴隨狀語。先翻譯成漢語，意思為，因在最近的一次科技競賽中被評為表現最出色，所以這三名同學被授予21美元的獎學金。這樣意思就清楚了。前面的句子是原因狀語從句，judge的對象是students，也就是說，students是被judge,所以是被動語態，排除了B D兩個選項。然後是因為這是個發生在過去的動作，所以選A，C含有TO BE 結構，是表示將來未發生的動作。

5. 被動語態練習(三)

1. not to
2. waiting
3. washing
4. does
5. playing
6. feel
7. to go
8. to come
9. to meet
10.to visit
11.working
12.cleaning
13.is cleaned
14.did see
15.will be
16.has read
17.saw
18.had seen
19.have learnt
20.did,get up ,got up

6. 被動語態練習題

什麼的被動語態?請先把問題描述清楚!

7. 幾道英語練習題（被動語態）不懂

1.See 是動詞，seem才是系動詞，所以是有被動時態的，seen就是see的過去分詞形式，加to是因為有的動詞在被動時態的時候要加to,例如：
see sb do sth.變成sb be seen to do sth.
make sb do sth.變成sb be made to do sth.
這樣的動詞有：see, make 與 hear 等三個

2.就是很普通的被動時態，考的是固定搭配：take care of sth.

3. keep可以做系動詞使用，表示保持某種狀態的時候，比如keep smile. 但是keep也是可以作為動詞使用的，保管、存放的意思。很明顯，在此句中是指這些雜志在圖書館存放保存了很長時間，所以此時的keep是動詞，而不是系動詞。

4.不知道LZ從哪裡看出來這里的sold是強調狀態哦，這里的sold是動詞過分形式。LZ仔細看句子，B用了i am sorry, 很據選項與語境，可以看出B是表示A要購買的產品已經賣完，外套只能是被賣完了。

5. Leave既可以作及物動詞，也可以為不及物動詞，但是意思是不一樣的。做及物動詞時意指留下某東西，做不及物動詞則為離開的意思。

6.此題答案應該為D，這里sound作系動詞使用，不選C是因為：
A.句子時態的一致性，選sounded，
B.如果用一般時需要加S，謂語形式要是單三式。

還有不懂的可以問我，希望可以幫到LZ。還有，看到樓上的答案，我笑而不語。

8. 被動語態的練習題

主動句轉被動句
1 his mother told him not to waste time on fishing.
2 Father gave me a toy at Christmas.
3 This factory proces machine tools.
4 They should do it at once.
5 He is likely to let you down.
6 They named the child tom.
答案
1 He was told not to waste time on fishing (by his mother).
2 I was given a toy at Christmas (by my father).
3 Machine tools are proced in this factory.
4 It should be done at once (by them).
5 You are likely to be let down.
6 The child was named tom.
以上幾個例子都是從語法書摘抄的。代表了幾種不同形式的被動變法。1\2是不同的動賓短語中賓語變被動；3是一般句子變被動；4是情態動詞變被動；5是不定式變被動；6是主—動—賓—補結構的主動句變被動。

9. 被動語態和主動語態的練習題

主動句轉被動句
1 his mother told him not to waste time on fishing.
2 Father gave me a toy at Christmas.
3 This factory proces machine tools.
4 They should do it at once.
5 He is likely to let you down.
6 They named the child tom.
答案
1 He was told not to waste time on fishing (by his mother).
2 I was given a toy at Christmas (by my father).
3 Machine tools are proced in this factory.
4 It should be done at once (by them).
5 You are likely to be let down.
6 The child was named tom.
以上幾個例子都是從語法書摘抄的。代表了幾種不同形式的被動變法。1\2是不同的動賓短語中賓語變被動；3是一般句子變被動；4是情態動詞變被動；5是不定式變被動；6是主—動—賓—補結構的主動句變被動。

把下列句子變成被動語態
1.We found some jewels in a box.
2. The teacher is keeping the pupils at school for a revision.
3. James has left a parcel for you.
4. You must finish the article before Friday.
5. They will not paint the house again next year.
6. They promised Mary a new doll for her birthday.
7. I have told the children many times not to skate on the pond.
8. Where did he translate the story?
9. We had to repair our TV set.
10. Do they take good care of the sick?
11. They company has paid the workers very handsome wages.
12. They showed me the room where they lived.
把下列句子變成主動語態
1.Spanish is spoken in South America.
2. The plans will have to be revised.
3. All the words must be looked up in a dictionary.
4. Has John been cured of his heart illness?
5. The door should not have been left open all night.
6. We are afraid that we may be attacked at night.
7. We are being taught how to operate the new machine.

10. 求英語四級語法

Ⅰ動詞(時態,語態,用法,省略,一致性等)

時
1)現在完成進行時態 (have/has been + -ing 分詞構成): 動作或狀態從過去某時開始,繼續到現在,可能繼續下去,也可能剛剛結束.
I』ve been writing letters for an hour.
I』ve been sitting in the garden.

2)過去完成進行時(由had been + ing分詞構成): 過去某個時刻以前一直在進行的動作
I』d been working for some time when he called.
We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came.

3)將來完成進行時: 將來某個時刻以前一直在進行的動作.
By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years.
In another month』s time she』ll have been studying here for three years.

4)將來完成時(由shall/will have + 過去分詞構成): 將來某時會業已發生的事.
I shall have finished this one before lunch.
They』ll have hit the year』s target by the end of October.

1. 語態
1) 可以有兩種被動結構的類型,例如:
He was said to be jealous of her success.
It was said that he was jealous of her success.

能同時適用於上述兩個句型的主動詞通常都是表示「估計」,「相信」等意義的動詞,常見的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等.
It is supposed that the ship has been sunk.
The ship is supposed to have been sunk.

擔當be supposed to 與不定式的一般形式搭配時往往表示不同的意義.例如:
Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你應該曉得速度限制)

2) 雙賓語及賓補結構的被動語態
a) 雙賓語結構的被動語態: 雙賓語結構變為被動語態時,可以把主動結構中的一個賓語變為主語,另一個賓語仍然保留在謂語後面,但多數是把間接賓語變為主語.
He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.
Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations.

b) 賓補結構的被動語態:
She was called Big Sister by everybody.
Then he was made a squad leader.
He was considered quite qualified for the job.
The room was always kept clean and tidy.

2. 短語動詞
1) Vi + adv
The plane took off two hours late.
2) Vi + prep
They looked round the Cathedral.
3) Vi + prep (有被動語態)
She』s looking after her sister』s children.
The children were always well looked after.
4) Vi + adv + prep
I began to look forward to their visits.
5) Vt + O + adv
Some women choose to stay at home and bring up their children.
The children were brought up by their mother.
They took him on.
6) Vt + adv + O (無被動語態)
I am trying to give up smoking.
7) Vt + O + prep
We talked Donald into agreement.

3. 省略
1) 在以as, than, when, if, unless等引導的從句中的省略: 在有些狀語從句中,如果謂語包含有動詞be,主語又和主句的主語一致a),或者主語是it b),就常常可以把從句中的主語和謂語的一部分(特別是動詞be)省略掉.
a) Look out for cars when crossing the street.
When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects.
While there he joined in voluntary labour on a project.
Although not yet six months old, she was able to walk without support.
If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful.
Though reced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity.
This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong.
Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and completely wiped out.
She hurriedly left the room as though/if angry.
She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health.
Fill in the application as instructed.
Whenever known, such facts should be reported.
The documents will be returned as soon as signed.
He said that no acrobat could ever perform those daring feats unless trained very young.
Once having made a promise, you should keep it.

b) If necessary I』ll have the letter plicated.
Fill in the blanks with articles where(ver) necessary.
If possible, I should like to have two copies of it.
As scheled, they met on January 20 at the Chinese Embassy.

2） 在以than a) 或 as b) 引起的從句中,常會有一些成分省略.
a) He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary.
We should think more of the collective than of ourselves.

b) They worked with as much enthusiasm as young people (did).
He is now a vice-manager, but still often works in the kitchen as before.
Their training is free, as is all ecation.
We will, as always, stand on your side.

3） 錯誤的省略
His life is as fully committed to books as anyone I know.
While standing there in her nightgown, two bullets struck the wall beside her.