英語四級考試關於家庭暴力的翻譯
『壹』 求一篇關於家庭暴力的英文段落
一千六百多字，湊合吧
The Tragedy of Domestic Violence
Domestic Violence towards women is a problem that is often overlooked by
Society. Violence is defined by the Riverside Webster's Dictionary (p.755)
as: 1. Physical force employed so as to damage or injure. 2. As an
instance of violent action. If this is the case than why is it that so
many women are beaten by loved ones each year and little or nothing is
done to correct this violent and hostile situation? In this paper I will
attempt to answer this question along will a slue of others which place
women in these war zones each day.
"The battered women is pictured by most people as a small, fragile,
haggard person who might once have been pretty. She has several small
children, no job skills, and is economically dependent on her husband. It
is frequently assumed that she is poor and
from a minority group. She is accustomed to living in violence, and her
fearfulness and passivity are emphasized above all. Although some battered
women do fit this description, research proves it to be false
stereotype.''(Walker p.18) In fact most batte red women have highly
lucrative jobs such as doctors or lawyers, Corporation executives and
nurses. Most are heavy set women whose assets are controlled by there
husbands and cannot defend themselves physically. Battered women are found
in all racial, rel igious and ethical backgrounds as well as age groups
and ecational levels. ''Who are battered women? If you are a women,
there is a 50 percent chance it could be you!''(Walker p.19)
Statistical data on battered women is difficult to find because
most records are buried in medical records, domestic disturbance calls to
the police or the records of social service agencies. During my research
I found that characteristics in numerous c ategories for both the batterer
and battered were the same. Here is a list of those categories that were
the same or in a similar fashion the same for both indivials. Commonly
shared characteristics between Battered and Batterer. 1. Has low
self-esteem. 2. Believes all myths about battering relationships. 3. Is a
traditionalist about the home, strongly believes in family unity and his
or her roles in the family unit. As with the women all racial, religious,
ecational levels equally represent the men, cultures socioeconomic
groups. "Batterers typically deny that they have a problem, although they
are aware of it; and they become enraged if their women should reveal t he
true situation." (Walker p.36)
"Researchers Eisenberg and Micklow found 90 percent of the
batterers in their study had been in the military. Twenty five percent
received dishonorable discharges." (Walker p.37) These are some alarming
facts and characteristics about both the battered a nd the batterer. I was
unable to collect any data on the cause for this percentage of violence by
men of the military. Although it being a school of violence might have
some weight on the effects of this violence on women. Some of the
reasoning behind the se acts of physical and mental neglect may be
societies acceptance of such violence. We as a society are always calling
for more violence on television in the theater and on other indivials.
We pay for these sorts of entertainment, ask the government to
apply force on other nations and as the saying goes "sex and violence
sell." It is glorified in all forms of the media.
Why do battered women stay with there significant others? The
answer has many different angles; some stay for financial reasons others
for the traditional reasons. The fact is that they stay, but when is
enough? "After you live so many years, and you wak e up one day, and your
body has just about had it, you say, 'My God, I just can't take another
punch.' That's what happened to me. I just reached a point where I said,
'No more. Nothing is worth it.' I decided I would rather struggle and see
if I couldn't make it, so I just up and left, and that's been it." (Langley and Levy
p.111) This was the victim of spouse abuse for seventeen years. In another
case a women from Maryland described her experience. "Being beaten up is
the most degrading, humiliating, cr ushing kind of thing that could happen
to a person." (Langley and Levy p.116) in most cases the women feel that
they are the ones to blame for there battering and also apologize for
being beaten. "A women's decision to stay or go to seek help or suffer in
silence is often determined by the frequency of her beatings." (Langley
and Levy p.122)
When women do come to the end of the line and have finally worked
up enough courage to do it, to leave the one she loves so dear where does
she go? Well I would like to tell you that she calls for help via the
police or local athorities and receives the compassion and understanding
that she so deserves and needs in this time of uncertainty and doubt. But,
all too often she is meet with hostility and cynicism. "Usually, the
police, attorneys, prosecutors, public defenders, and even judges feel
they should not get involved in so called family problems." (Langley and Levy p.153)
One Detroit police officer is even quoted as saying, "there are no
rewards for refereeing a family fight." (Langley and Levy p.153) One of
the problems is the offense can be both criminal and civil matters. There
are in fact only three states that have l aws that deal directly with
spouse abuse, California, Hawaii, and Texas which make it an automatic
felony for a husband to beat his wife. The system however does not work in
the favor of the battered but rather in the favor of the batterer.
"Assault is a crime in every state. Since wife beating is a form of
assault, then wife beating is a crime in every state. In practice,
however, wife beating is not treated as a crime but as a civil matter.
Prosecutors deliberately look the other way even when a man adm its to
wife beating." (Langley and Levy p.154)
When the judicial system fails to help the abused, the abused must
turn elsewhere. Places such as crisis centers, church, or shelters. But in
many places there are no such places or organizations to help the abused,
then the abused must depend on communi ty help as well as family and
friends to help. Mostly with support groups and just by giving the abused
the compassion and support once sot by the abused in the judicial system.
One example of this disappointment in the system was found in the
Detroit Free Press, in an article headlined " Emergency Number Still Has
Kinks," reported: " near-breathless women, beaten by her husband, dialed
911 to ask for police assistance. 'Does he
have a weapon?' the operator asked.
" She answered he did not.
"Then I am sorry. We won't be able to help you,' the operator said
to the dismayed women." (Langley and Levy p.160) This lack of confidence
in the judicial system in return sends women a message of desperation,
fear and frustration. Many women in turn take the law into there own
hands, in a study done by the U.S Department of Justice between 1987 and
1991. "Approximate ly one in four attacks involved the use of a gun or
knife, according to the study. Young, black and Hispanic women were
especially vulnerable, as were poor single women with low ecation levels
who lived in inner cities. The findings were drawn from more
than 400,000 interviews." The Acting Bureau Director Lawrence A.
Greenfeld stated that "the number of women attacked by spouses, former
spouses, boyfriends, parents or children is more than 10 times higher than
the number of males attacked by such people ." It is clear to me that all
of us living in this great nation need to join hands in the fight against
Domestic Violence in the home, not just against women but children and men
as well. But for the purpose of this paper I would like to focus mainly on
the women of the American household. We as a society should take action
and compose social as well as political laws to rectify this situation.
There are no set standards, in fact police officers are told to not arrest
in cases of domestic violence calls. The reasoning is once again the civil matter of domestic violence being a "family problem".
In concluding this simply alarming and terrifyingly eye opening
subject matter I would like to suggest five areas in which we as a society
and human beings could help in altering the violence. Not just on women
but on women, children and minorities as w ell. 1. The expression of
violence is most commonly seen in the context of relationships 2. Current
policies to address personal violence are outdated and superficial. 3.
Violence does not effect everyone equally-it is ingrained in cultural
expressions of power and inequality. 4. Prevention of violence entails on
the positive in the context of the relationships, not just focusing on
indivial weaknesses or deviance. 5. Youth are important resources and
are part of the solution. I strongly believe in these five seemingly
simply and yet necessary areas. Not as a way of solving the domestic
problems of society today but as a way of depleting the number of cases of
domestic violence each year until a suitable set of guidelines or st
andards can be developed.
Works Cited
U.S Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of
Justice Statistics Box 6000 Rockville, Maryland 20850
David A. Wolfe Christine Wekerle Katreena Scott Alternatives to Violence Empowering Youth to Develop Healthy Relationships Sage Publications 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320
Evan Stark, Ph.D., M.S.W. Anne Flitcraft, M.D. Women At Risk Domestic Violence and Women's Health Sage Publications 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320
Roger Langley Richard C. Levy Wife Beating: The Silent Crisis A Sunrise Book E.P. Dutton
201 Park Avenue South New York, N.Y. 10003
Lenore E. Walker The Battered Women Harper & Row, Publishers New York, Hagerstown, San Francisco, London
從2013年12月開始,四級考試中的翻譯題型由補全句子式翻譯改為段落翻譯,給廣大考生帶來了新的挑戰。下面是我帶來的大學英語四級段落翻譯，歡迎閱讀!
1
中國結***the Chineseknot*** 最初是由手工藝人發明的。經過數百年不斷的改造，已經成為一種優雅多彩的藝術和工藝。在古代，人們用它來記錄事件，但現在主要用於裝飾的目的。「結」在中文裡意味著愛情，婚姻和團聚。中國結常常作為禮物交換或用作飾品祈求好運和避邪。這種形式的手工藝***handcraft***代代相傳，現在已經在中國和世界各地越來越受歡迎。
The Chinese knot is originallyinvented by the handicraft *** an. After several hundredyears』innovation, it has evolved into an elegant and colorful art andcraft. In ancient times, itwas used for recording events, while now it i *** ainly a decorative handicraft art. In Chinese, "Knot" means love,marriage and reunion. The Chinese knot is often used as a gift to expressgoodwishes or a tali *** an to ward off evil spirits. The handcraft has passed on forgenerationsand bee more and more popular in China and the world.
2
中國經濟的高速發展，帶來了消費文化的曰益流行，同時也催生了一批具有高學歷，充分享受資本主義消費模式的年輕人，他們習慣於當月工資當月花。因而被稱為「月光族」***the moonlight group***。「月光族」一詞出現於20世紀90年代後期，是用來諷刺那 些出身富裕、接受高等教育、充分享受快餐文化***fast foodculture***的年輕人。
China』s economy is developing very quickly, and has brought with it a culture of consumption more prevalent with each passing day. At the same time, it has brought into being an ecated group of young people who enjoy capitalist consumption way. They』re used to spending money as soon as they get it every month, and so are called t6the moon?light group」. This word came into being ring the 1990s, to make fun of those bom into wealth，who have received a high ecation, and who ap?preciate fast food culture.
3
目前，全球變暖是一個熱門話題，但是有關全球變暖的各項證 據似乎還有些不同的聲音。人們現在已經知道，地球的發展經歷了很多周期***cycle***,盡管在歷史上還未出現過像今天這樣的時代，即高度工業化***instrialization***產生如此多的污染。全球變暖主要是由 於二氧化碳氣體***carbon dioxide***的增多。
Global warming is the hot topic around the world at this time but, there is also dissention about the evidence being presented to support the argument. The earth is known to go through cycles; although the past has never proced an age of so much instrialization causing the pollution currently being experienced. A major source of the problem is the increase in carbon dioxide levels.
4
這周頒布的一項新法律要求子女必須經常探望年齡超過60歲的 父母，並確保他們經濟和精神上的需求得到滿足。星期二，新華社 報導了一條新聞，來自江蘇市無錫市的一位77歲的老太太起訴她的 女兒忽略她。這是新法律生效後的第一起案件，當地法院規定她的 女兒至少每月探望母親兩次，並提供財力支援。但是這項法律引發 了爭議。有人說這給了那些因為工作、學習或者其他原因搬離家鄉的人更多壓力。
A new national law introced this week requires the offspring of parents older than 60 to visit their parents 「frequently」 and make sure their financial and spiritual needs are met. On Tuesday, Xinhua reported a news that a 77-year-old woman from Jiangsu city of Wuxi sued her daughter for neglecting her. In the first case after the new law came into effect, the local court ruled that her daughter must visit her at least twice a month and provide financial support. But the law』s introction has proved controversial. Some say it puts too much pressure on those who move away from home for work, study or other opportunities.
5
茶馬古道***Tea-horse Ancient Road***兩邊，生活著20多個少數 民族。不同的地方有著各自美麗而神奇的自然風景和傳統文化，比如:大理，麗江古城，香格里拉***Shangrila***,雅魯藏布江大峽谷和布達拉宮***PotalaPalace***。古道的兩旁有廟宇、岩石壁畫、騷站***post house***,古橋和木板路，還有少數民族舞蹈和民族服裝。時至今天， 雖然這條古道的蹤跡都消失了，但它的文化和歷史價值仍然存在。
Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minori?ties. Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace. The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads. It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs. Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.
『叄』 公共英語四級詞彙
公共英語四級詞彙
全國英語等級考試是教育部考試中心設計並負責的全國性英語水平考試體系。共有五個級別，看看下面的公共英語四級詞彙。
公共英語四級詞彙1
abandoned 被拋棄的，自甘墮落的，沒有約束的
abuse 虐待，濫用，辱罵
affectionate 充滿深情的
alienate 疏遠
allegiance 忠貞
amusing 讓人發笑的
anxiety 憂慮，焦急，渴望
apartness 冷漠，孤獨
apathy 缺乏感情或興趣，冷漠
arrogance 傲慢
befriend 親近
bellicosity 好戰性
break up破碎，分裂，結束
brute 殘酷的
cheerful 愉快的，高興的
congenial性格相似的，適意的t
desert 遺棄
deserted 為人所棄的
desolation 孤獨，凄涼
desperate 不顧一切的，令人絕望的
devoted 投入的，深愛的
diffident 缺乏自信的
disservice 傷害，虐待，不親切的行為
distance 疏遠
divorce 離婚
drowsy 昏昏欲睡
eccentric 古怪；行為古怪的人
egoism 自殘主義
emotion 情緒，情感，感情
emotional needs 感情需求
encouraging 鼓舞人心的
energetic 精神飽滿的
enthusiasm 熱情
estrangement 疏遠
extra-marital affairs 婚外戀
faithful 守信的，忠實的，可靠的,
fervent 熱情的
fidelity 忠誠
foster 鼓勵
friendly 友好的
frustrated 失敗的，落空的，受挫的
gap 隔閡
harmonious 和諧的，和睦的
hatred 憎恨，仇恨
hobnob with 親密，親近
hopeful 懷有希望的，有希望的
hopeless 沒有希望的，絕望的
hostility 敵意，惡意，不友善
ignore 不理睬，忽視
ill-treat 虐待
indifferent 冷漠的
inferior 自卑的，劣等的
inhospitable 冷淡的，不好客的
inhospitality 冷淡，不和氣，冷漠
intimity 親密，親近，隱私
introverted 內向的，含蓄的
isolated 孤獨的
languid懶洋洋的
loyal 忠誠的，忠心的
maltreat 虐待
misunderstanding 誤會，誤解
neglect 忽視
nonchalance 冷淡
optimist 樂天派，樂觀者
pessimistic 悲觀的，厭世的
proximity 接近，親近
rebellious 反叛的
refreshing 令人精神爽快的
resentment 怨恨，憤恨
worry 煩惱，憂慮，苦惱
公共英語四級詞彙2
a sense of belonging 歸屬感
abuse, neglect and delinquency 虐待，忽視，行為
addiction 沉溺，上癮
adolescent 青春期的，青春的；青少年
affection 友愛，愛情
aggressive 好鬥的，侵略性
aggressive behavior 進攻性行為
alluring 吸引人的
an egocentric person 自私自利的人
anomaly 不規則，異常的人或物
antisocial 不擅社交的，反社會的
armed robbery 持械搶劫
arson 縱火，縱火罪
assault 攻擊
avenge oneself on 向……報仇，向……進行報復
be charged with被指控犯罪
be guilty of 有罪
be prone to social ills 易受到社會惡習的侵蝕
bully 欺凌弱小者，威嚇，威逼
burglary 入室行竊
caring 有同情心的
child abuse 摧殘兒童，虐待兒童
confidence, self-esteem and life skills 信心，自信和生活技能
模仿
curiosity 好奇
degenerate 墮落
delinquent 違法者；違法的
depravation 頹廢，墮落
depraved f 墮落的，邪惡的
detrimental 有害的
differentiate virtue from evil 辨明是非
distinguish between right and wrong 辨別是非
distinguish good from evil 分辨善惡
distinguish right from wrong 辨明是非
domestic violence 家庭暴力
drug addict 吸毒者
drugs and alcohol 毒品和酒精
pe 易受騙的人，易受愚弄的人；欺騙，愚弄
egoist 自我主義者
emotional 情緒的，情感的
emotional exchanges 感情交流
evil 邪惡的；邪惡，罪惡
fall victims to 成為犧牲品
female violent crime 婦女暴力犯罪
follow like sheep 盲從
follow suit 跟從
go astray 誤入歧途
guilty 犯罪的，有罪的
have a tremendous impact 有深遠的影響
ignorance 無知
illiteracy 文盲
imitate 模仿
immature 不成熟
indecent material 猥褻的材料
inexperience 無經驗，不熟練
inexperienced 經驗的，不熟練的，缺乏處世之道或知識的
innocence 天真，清白
intervention 干涉
irrational 不理性的；不合理的
juvenile 青少年的
lax discipline 紀律
literacy 有文化，有教養，有讀寫能力
lure 引誘
mass media 大眾媒體
material comforts 物質享受
mimic 模仿
misleading 引入歧途的，使人誤解的，騙人的
money-oriented拜金主義的
monitoring and supervision 監管
morally corrupt 道德敗壞的
公共英語四級詞彙3
naive 天真的，幼稚的
negative role model 負面的榜樣
nurture 養育，教育
obsession 迷住，困擾
offender 罪犯，冒犯者
offensive material 不恰當的材料
outlaw 歹徒
parental permissiveness 家長的過分寬容
peer influence 同伴的影響
peer pressure 來自同伴的壓力
perpetrate 犯（罪）
perpetrator 犯罪者，作惡者
personality traits 性格特徵
perverted 不正當的
physical abuse 體罰
pornographic felt 色情的，色情作品的
pornography 色俗文學，色借書刊
poverty貧窮，貧困
pregnancy 懷孕
prevention 預防，防止甂
primp （過分講究地）打扮，裝飾
proper guidance 恰當的指引
property 財產，所有物
prostitution 賣淫
rationalization 合理化
resist the temptation 抵擋住誘惑
respect 尊敬
retaliate 報復
risky behaviors 危險的行為
role model 行為榜樣
self-centered 自我為中心的
sequacious 盲從的
sexual harassment 性騷擾
single-parent family 單親家庭
sinister 險惡的，邪惡的
spoiled 寵壞的
strengthening the family ties 密切家庭感情
substance abuse 濫用毒品
take fantasy for reality 把虛幻當現實
take vengeance on 報仇
tempting 誘惑人的
thievery 偷竊
trusting 信任的，信賴的
untrustworthy 不能信賴的，靠不住的
unwed mother 未婚媽媽
upbringing 撫育，教養
victim 受害人，犧牲品
victimization 受害，犧牲，欺騙
violence in domestic relationships 家庭暴力
vulgar 粗俗的
wipe out illiteracy 掃除文盲
公共英語四級詞彙4
a book worm 書蟲
a learned person 知識淵博的.人
ability of expression 表達能力
absurd 荒謬的
acumen敏銳，洞察力
appreciate 熟練的，拿手的
assessment 評價
association 聯想
be lost in thinking 陷人思考中
brains 智力
brightness聰敏，智慧
bring into the talents 發揮才幹
certificate 證書
clever 機靈的，聰明的
clumsiness 笨拙
computer literacy 電腦知識
creative 創造性的
creativity 創造力，創造
criteria 標准
cultivate 培養
discernment識別力，洞察力
ll感覺或理解遲鈍的
endowment 天資
excel 優於
experience 經驗，體驗，經歷，閱歷
experienced 富有經驗的
explore 開發
faculty 才能
fantastic 幻想的，荒謬的，空想的
genius 天才，天賦
high-quality 高質量的
idealism 理想主義
illogical 缺乏邏輯的
imagination 想像力
impractical 不現實的
indiviality 個性，個人的特性
ingenious 機靈的，有創造的
inherence （性質等的）內在，固有，天賦
initiative 積極性
innate天生的，與生俱來的
innovate 創新
inquisitive 好追根究底的，好奇的
insight 洞察力，見識
instinctive 本能的
instinct 直覺
instructive 有意義的
intellect 智力
intellectuality 智力，理智性
intellectual 理智的
intelligence 智力，聰明，智能
intelligence quotient 智商
judicious 明智的
literacy 有文化，有教養，有讀寫能力
masterly 嫻熟的
master 掌握
mediocrity 平庸，平庸的人
mental 心智的，精神的
mental growth 智力發展
mentality 智力，精神
merit 值得稱贊的品質
mind 頭腦，智力，精神
mold 塑造
narrow-minded 思想狹隘的
nature 本性，天性
nonsensical 無意義的，荒謬的
nurture 養育，教育
observation 觀察
originality 創意，新奇
passion 激情
perception 洞察力
perspective 觀點，看法
perspicacity 敏銳
potential 潛在的
preposterous 荒謬的
prodigy天才（特指神童）
promote 促進
put into great play 充分發揮
quality ecation 素質教育
ridiculous 荒謬的
savor 品味
secondhand 二手的
shrewd精明（的）
shrewdly 機靈的
sophisticated老練的，世故的
stimulate 刺激
survival ability 生存能力
tactful 機智的，得體的
talent 人才
talented 有才能的
technology-dependent 依賴科技的
tele-ecation 遠程教育
thinking pattern 思維模式
utilitarian 功利主義的
wisdom 智慧，學識
wit智力，才智，智慧
;『肆』 大學英語四級高頻詞彙整理
大學英語四級高頻詞彙整理，在問答上回答實際上也不方便背記得，可以通過軟體來記住大學英語四級詞彙，比如百詞斬、雷哥單詞。我在這里以雷哥單詞為例。
我選取四級沖刺必備詞彙，放到下面，395個。 這妥妥的高頻詞了。
單詞 翻譯
boost n.提高；增長；幫助；激勵;v.使增長；使興旺；偷竊;
collaborate vi. 合作,通敵
account " n.賬，賬目； 存款； 記述，報告； 理由
vi.解釋； 導致； 報賬
vt.認為； 把…視作"
accustom v. 使...習慣
embarrass " vt. 使...困窘,阻礙
vi. 變得困窘"
disapprove v. 不贊成
comprehensive adj. 綜合的, 廣泛的, 理解的
brilliant adj. 燦爛的,有才氣的,傑出的
allow for 考慮到，顧及
burn up 燒掉; 燒盡; (爐火等)燒旺起來
call for 需要,邀請,要求
carry on 堅持下去; 繼續下去; 繼續; 從事
arrive at 到達某地
necessity n. 需要, 必需品, 必然
navigation n. 航行, 航海, 導航
inevitable adj.不可避免的；不能防止的；總會發生的；照例必有的;n.必然發生的事；不可避免的事;
devise " vt. 設計,遺贈
n. 遺贈(的財產)"
collision n. 碰撞, 沖突
break down (機器等)出故障; 中斷; 分解
clue " n. 線索
vt. 提示"
awkward " adj. 笨拙的
adj. 尷尬的"
awful " adj. 可怕的, 畏懼的, 充滿敬畏的, 艱難的
adv. 極其"
emotion n. 情感,情緒,感動
resistant " adj. 抵抗的,反抗的
n. 抵抗者"
poverty n. 貧窮,貧困
identify " vt.識別，認出； 確定； 使參與； 把…看成一樣
vi.確定； 認同"
idle v.無所事事；空轉；混時間；閑盪;adj.懈怠的；懶惰的；閑置的；沒有工作的;
removal n. 移動, 移居, 除去
explore vt. &vi. 探險,探測,探究
explosion n. 爆炸，爆發
continual adj. 不斷的, 頻繁的
emphasize " v. 強調,著重
vt. 強調"
stripe " n. 條紋
vt. 使...帶有條紋的"
likelihood n. 可能性
illusion n. 幻覺,錯覺,錯誤的信仰(或觀念)
decline " n. 衰微, 跌落; 晚年
v. 降低, 婉謝"
portable " adj. 輕便的,手提式的
n. 手提打字機"
target " n.（服務的）對象； 目標； （射擊的）靶子； 目的
vt.瞄準； 把…作為攻擊目標"
portion n.部分；（食物的）一份；分享的部分；分擔的責任;v.把…分成若干份（或部分）;
orient "vt. 使適應；確定方向
n. 東方；東方諸國
adj. 東方的
vi. 向東
n. (Orient)人名；(西)奧連特；(法)奧里安"
virtual adj. 虛擬的；有效的；實質上的，事實上的
virtue n. 美德,優點;貞操
subsequent adj. 隨後的,後來的
significant " adj. 有意義的, 意味深長的; 相當數量的; 重要的, 重大的
n. (復)有意義的事物; 標志"
scan " vt. 掃描；瀏覽；細看；詳細調查；標出格律
vi. 掃描；掃掠
n. 掃描；瀏覽；審視；細看"
global adj. 全球性的, 全局的
consistent adj. 始終如一的, 一致的, 堅持的
valley n. (山)谷；流域
scandal n. 丑聞,中傷,反感,恥辱
encounter " n. 意外的相見,遭遇
vt. &vi. 遇到,偶然碰到,遭遇"
enclose " vt. 圍繞, 圈起, 放入封套, 附上
[計算機] 括入"
decade n. 十年
valid adj. 有確實根據的; 有效的; 正當的, 合法的
capture " n. 抓取,戰利品,捕獲之物
vt. 抓取,獲得,迷住"
ban " n. 禁令
v. 禁止
vt. 禁止,取締"
advertisement n.廣告；公告；登廣告
focus " n. 焦點, 焦距
v. 集中, 聚集, 使集中"
forbid vt. 禁止,妨礙, 阻止
isolate " adj. 孤立的
v. 隔離,孤立
vt. 使隔離,使孤立"
issue " n. 問題；流出；期號；發行物
vt. 發行，發布；發給；放出，排出
vi. 發行；流出；造成…結果；傳下"
hollow " n. 洞, 窟窿, 山谷
adj. 空的, 虛偽的, 空腹的
vt. 形成空洞, 挖空
vi. 形成空洞
adv. 有悶啞聲, 完全地"
hook " n. 鉤子,鉤拳
vt. &vi.鉤住"
adequate adj. 足夠的, 充足的, 適當的, 能勝任的
adhere vi. 堅守於, 對...忠貞, 緊抓著, 遵守 vt. 使附著, 使粘牢
debate " n. 辯論,討論
vt. 爭論,思考
vi. 商討,辯論"
debt n. 債務, 義務, 負債狀態, 罪, 過失
expend v. 花費,消耗,支出
expense n. 消費,支出
videotape " n. 錄像帶
vt. 錄像"
offend " vt. 犯罪,冒犯
vi. 令人不適,違反"
bother " vt. 煩擾
vi. 煩擾,操心
n. 煩擾"
interfere vi. 妨礙,沖突,干涉
internal adj. 國內的, 內在的，身體內部的
beforehand adv. 預先, 事先
resolve " n. 決定之事,決心,堅決
vt. 決定,解決,分離,表決
vi. 分離,決定"
barrel " n. 桶, 一桶的量, 大量, 槍管, 炮管, 筆管, 汽油桶
vi. 快速移動
vt. 把...裝桶"
coarse adj. 粗糙的,非精製的,粗俗的
coach " n. 大巴, 教練; (火車)客車車廂, 四輪馬車, 經濟艙
vt. 訓練, 指導
vi. 訓練, 指導"
alt n. 成年人a. 成年的，充分長成的，成熟的
coil " n. 卷,騷動,【電】線圈, 繞組
vt. &vi. 盤繞,卷"
wonder " n. 驚奇；奇跡；驚愕
vi. 懷疑；想知道；驚訝
vt. 懷疑；驚奇；對…感到驚訝
adj. 奇妙的；非凡的"
range n.區間；射程；靶場；一系列;v.徘徊；變動；包括（從…到…）之間的各類事物;
racial adj. 種族的,人種的
radical n.自由基；激進分子；游離基;adj.根本的；徹底的；完全的；全新的;
victim n. 受害者,犧牲
religious " adj. 宗教的,虔誠的,細心的
n. 修道院成員, 僧侶"
religion n. 宗教;宗教信仰
impose " vi. 利用；欺騙；施加影響
vt. 強加；征稅；以…欺騙"
import " n. 進口
vi. 進口,輸入
vt. 輸入,進口"
excess " adj. 過量的,附加的
n. 超過,超越,過度,過量"
organ n. 器官,報刊,風琴
oral " adj. 口頭的
n. 口試"
vacant adj. 空的,空虛的,木然的
trap " n. 圈套,陷阱,困境,雙輪輕便馬車
vt. &vi. 設圈套,設陷阱"
casual adj. 偶然的, 隨便的, 非正式, 漫不經心的
bachelor n. 單身漢, 學士
adapt " vt. 使適應,改編
vi. 適應，適合"
adopt v. 採用, 收養, 接受
undergo v.經歷;
ultimate " n. 終極,根本，精華
adj. 終極的,根本的,極限的,最後的"
tendency n. 趨勢,傾向
tend " vt.照料，照顧； 護理； 照管，管理
vi.傾向（於），趨向（於）； 伺侯，招待； 關心； 注意"
grant " vt.承認； 同意； 准許； 授予
n.撥款； 補助金； 授給物（如財產、授地、專有權、補助、撥款等）
vi.同意"
grand " adj. 豪華的,宏偉的,壯麗的,主要的,重大的
n. (美俚)一千美元"
invade vt. 侵略,侵害,擁入
acid " adj. 酸的
n. 酸, 酸味物質"
balcony n. 陽台
calculate " vt. 計算,估計,考慮,推測
vi. 計算,預測,依賴"
acknowledge vt. 承認,公認,告知收到,表示感謝,注意到
abundant adj. 豐富的,充裕的
export " vt. 輸出，出口
n. 出口,輸出品
vi. 傳播,輸出
adj. 出口的"
outstanding adj. 突出的, 顯著的, 未支付的
optional adj. 可以任選的,非強制的
optimistic adj. 樂觀的, 樂觀主義的
calendar " n. 日歷,月歷,日程表
vt. 進入日歷"
tedious adj. 沉悶的, 單調乏味的
temple " n. 廟宇,寺院
n.太陽穴"
scale n.秤；比例尺；范圍；刻度;v.攀登；到達…頂點；去鱗；刮除牙石;
satellite n. 衛星,衛星城,隨從；衛星國家
sake n. 緣故, 利益, 好處
ruin " n. (pl.)廢墟,毀滅
v. 毀壞,破壞
vi. (使)破產,毀滅
vt. 毀壞,毀滅"
route " n. 航線,路線,途徑
vt. 按路線發送, 改變路線"
decent adj. 有分寸的,得體的,相當好的
decay " n. 衰退, 腐敗
v. 衰退, 腐敗"
expand " vt. 增加,詳述,擴展,使...膨脹
vi. 擴展,增加,詳述"
private " adj. 私人的，隱蔽的
n. 士兵，列兵"
personal a. 個人的，私人的；親自的；身體的，人身的
personnel n.全體員工； （與復數動詞連用）人員，員工； 人事部門
delay " n. 耽擱,遲滯
vt. 耽擱,延遲
vi. 耽擱"
petroleum n. 石油
petrol n. 汽油
external " n. 外部
adj. 外部的,外用的,客觀的,表面的"
extent n.程度；范圍；限度；大小;
transform " vt. 轉換,變形
vi. 改變
n. 變形"
transmit " vt. 傳輸, 傳送, 代代相傳, 傳達
vi. (以無線電或有線電的方式)發送信號"
transplant " vt. 移居, 移栽(植物), 移植(器官)
vi. 能經得住移植
n. 移植, 被移植的事物"
transport " n.運輸、運輸工具；(常用復數）強烈的情緒、狂喜或狂怒
vt. 運輸；流放；為強烈的情緒所激動"
shift " n. 交換,變化,移動,接班者
vt. 更替,移轉,變聲
vi. 改變,定責,更衣"
vary " vt. 改變,使多樣化
vi. 變化,違背"
vanish " vi. 消失,不見了,絕跡
vt. 消失"
swallow " n. 燕子, 吞咽, 一次吞咽的量
vt. 吞下, 咽下, 忍受, 不流露感情, 收回
vi. 咽口水, 忍氣吞聲"
suspicious adj.感覺可疑的；懷疑的；令人懷疑的；不信任的;
tidy " n. (沙發, 椅子等的)背罩, 裝雜物的容器
adj. 飽滿的, 令人滿意的, 整潔的, 可觀的
vt. 使整齊
vi. 整理"
trace " n. 痕跡,蹤跡,微量
vt. 追蹤,找出根源,描繪
vi. 追蹤"
torture " n. 拷問,痛苦
vt. 拷問,使痛苦,曲解"
wander " vt. 閑逛走過
vi. 游盪,漫步,流浪,蜿蜒曲折,離群失散,走神
n. 游盪,閑逛,流浪,離群失散"
wax " n. 蠟,蠟狀物,震怒
vi. 變大,增大,月亮滿
vt. 用蠟塗"
weave v.織；（用…）編成；編造（故事等）；穿行（以避開障礙）;n.編法；織法；編織式樣;
preserve " vt.保護； 保持，保存； 腌制食物； 防腐處理
vi.保鮮； 保持原狀； 做蜜餞； 禁獵
n.蜜餞； 防護用品； 禁獵地； 獨占的事物（或范圍）"
abuse " n.濫用； 惡習； 侮辱； 惡言
vt.濫用； 虐待； 辱罵"
academic " n. 教學人員,學術人員
adj. 學院的,理論的,學術性的"
academy n. 學院,學術,學會
catalog " n. 目錄, 大學概況手冊, 商品型錄
vt. 做目錄, 分類說明, 名入列表
vi. 研究(手冊或目錄), (商品)在型錄中明碼標價"
brake " vi. 剎車
n. 閘，剎車；阻礙
vt. 剎車"
boundary n. 分界線, 邊界
absolute " adj. 絕對的,完全的,無限制的,獨立的,專制的
n. 絕對的事物"
obscure " adj. 微暗的,難解的,不著名的,[語音學]輕音的
vt. 使...陰暗,隱藏,使...含糊,成為含糊的母音
n. 暗淡,模糊"
vertical " adj. 垂直的,頂點的,縱向的
n. 垂直物, 垂直的位置"
vessel n. 船，艦；[組織] 脈管，血管；容器，器皿
oblige " vt. 強制, 施恩惠
vi. 幫忙"
career " n. 生涯, 職業, 事業
vi. 猛沖, 飛跑
vt. 在...中急行"
barrier " n. 界線,屏障,障礙物
v. 以屏障隔開"
battery n. 電池,一系列,排炮
absolute " adj. 絕對的,完全的,無限制的,獨立的,專制的
n. 絕對的事物"
insignificant adj. 無關緊要的, 可忽略的，不重要的，無用的
nuisance n. 討厭的東西,討厭的人,傷害
tender " adj. 溫和的, 親切的, 未成熟的
vt. 提供, 投標"
mild adj. (煙、酒)味淡的,輕微的,溫柔的,文雅的
alter v. 改變
burst " n. 破裂,陣,爆發
vt.&vi. 爆裂,突發"
dispose " vt. 傾向於,處置
vi. 銷毀"
blast " n. 爆破,沖擊波,氣流,一陣,汽笛聲
vi. 爆破,突然發出聲音
vt. 噴射,炸掉"
consume " vt. 消耗，毀滅，吃，喝, 揮霍
vi. 耗盡生命, 被燒毀"
split " n. 劈開, 裂片, 裂口
adj. 分散的
v. 分離, 分開, 劈開"
spill " vt.& vi.溢出； 潑出； 湧出； 蜂擁而出
n.灑出； 潑出； 溢出；小塞子"
slip " vi.滑，滑脫； 犯過失，出錯； （時間）不知不覺地過去； （健康狀況等）變差
vt.使順利滑動； 擺脫； 放鬆，松開
n.跌倒，失足； 紙條； 失誤，口誤； 事故
adj.滑動的； 可拆卸的； 打有活結的"
slide " n. 滑,幻燈片,雪崩,山崩,滑坡,滑梯
vt. 使滑
vi. 滑,跌落"
bacteria n. (復數)細菌
breed " n. 品種,族類
vt. 養育,繁殖,引起
vi. 繁殖"
budget " n. 預算
vt. 編預算,為…做預算
vi. 節省開支
adj. 不貴的，廉價的"
candidate n. 候選人, 求職者
campus n. (大學)校園
venture " n. 冒險,風險,投機
vt. 敢嘗試,謹慎地做，冒險一試
vi. 冒險做"
vocabulary n. 詞彙, 詞彙量
vivid adj. 生動的,強烈的,鮮艷的,清晰的,逼真的
strategy n. 戰略, 策略
tense " adj. 緊張的, 拉緊的
vt. 使緊張, 拉緊
vi. 變得緊張
n. (動詞的)時態"
avenue n. 林蔭道, 大街, 途徑手段
liberal " n. 自由主義者, 寬容大度的人, (Liberal)自由黨人
adj. 無偏見的, 慷慨的, 不拘泥的, 寬大的, 開明的"
vague adj. 模糊的,不明確的,說話含糊不清的,茫然的
vain adj. 徒然的, 虛榮的, 空虛的
extinct adj. 滅絕的
extraordinary adj. 非凡的,特別的,特派的
extreme " adj. 極度的,極端的,盡頭的,嚴重的,末端的
n. 極端,極限"
agent " n. 代理人，代理商；葯劑；特工；動力
vt. 由…作中介；由…代理
adj. 代理的"
alcohol n. 酒精，乙醇；含酒精的飲料
appeal " n. 懇求, 上訴, 吸引力
n. 訴諸裁決
v. 求助, 訴請, 呼籲; 有吸引力"
approve " vt. 批准,核准,證實
vi. 贊同"
stimulate " vt. 刺激,激勵,鼓舞
vi. 起刺激作用"
acquire vt. 佔有,獲得,取得,學到
accomplish vt. 完成
network n. 網狀物；廣播網，電視網；網路
tide " n. 潮,趨勢,潮流
vt. 使...隨潮漂流
vi. 涌動"
trace " n. 痕跡,蹤跡,微量
vt. 追蹤,找出根源,描繪
vi. 追蹤"
torture " n. 拷問,痛苦
vt. 拷問,使痛苦,曲解"
wander " vt. 閑逛走過
vi. 游盪,漫步,流浪,蜿蜒曲折,離群失散,走神
n. 游盪,閑逛,流浪,離群失散"
die off 相繼死去；相繼死亡；一個個死掉
pull along 沿…拉
cure of 醫治；矯正；治癒
pass for 被看做；冒充；混
pass through 通過；經過；穿越
carry on 堅持下去; 繼續下去; 繼續; 從事
desire " n. 願望, 慾望, 情慾
v. 嚮往, 要求, 請求
vt. 渴望"
intend " v. 打算
vt. 想要,打算,計劃"
intention n. 意圖,意向,目的
moment n. 片刻，瞬間，准確時刻，非常重要的時機，力矩
prompt n.提示；提示符;v.提示；促使；激起；導致;adj.迅速；敏捷；准時；立即的;adv.准時地;
substance n. 物質,實質,內容,重要性,財產
faculty n.能力，才能； 全體教職員； <英>（大學的）專科，系； 特權，特許
facility n.設備； 容易； 能力； 靈巧
distinguish " vt. 區別,辨認,特別關注
vi. 區別"
discipline " n. 訓練, 紀律, 懲罰; 學科
vt. 訓練, 懲罰"
domestic " adj. 國內的, 家庭的, 馴養的
n. 家僕, 傭人"
commit " v. 委託(託付), 犯罪, 作...事, 承諾
[計算機] 委託"
by the moment 到……時；到那時候；暫時沒聽說過是特殊用法
have intention of 有意；打算；對……有意
televise " v. 用電視播放, 用電視放映
vt. 用電視播放"
live " adj. 活的, 生動的, 精力充沛的, 直播的
v. 活, 居住, 過著"
fall away 消失；疏遠；背離
fall back 撤退；回落；退後
get to 到達；表示到達；找到
prepare v.准備, 預備
ease " n. 安樂,安逸,悠閑
vt. 使...安樂,使...安心
v. 減輕,放鬆"
with ease 容易地；輕而易舉地；不費力
willing a. 願意的，樂意的，心甘情願的
freedom n. 自由，自主，免除，特權
strike " n. 罷工, 打擊, 毆打
v. 打, 撞, 罷工, 劃燃"
indivial " adj. 個別的; 獨有的
n. 個人, 個體"
indifferent adj. 漠不關心的, 無重要性的, 中立的
present " n. 禮物, 現在
adj. 當面的, 出席的, 現在的
v. 贈送, 提出, 呈現"
compile " v. 編譯,編輯,編纂
[計算機] 編譯"
dictionary n. 詞典, 字典, 辭典
bring to mind 使人想起；使想起；回想
refresh vt.& vi. 使...生氣蓬勃,提起精神,恢復精神
lie vi. 躺，平放；處於；位於v. 說謊n. 謊話
in support of 為了支持；以便支持；維護
come after 跟在…後面；跟著...來；跟隨
argue " vt. 爭論,辯論,爭吵,勸說,表明
vi. 提出理由,爭論,辯論"
character n. 個性, 品質; 字元; 人物; 名譽; 地位
confident adj. 確信的, 自信的
capable adj. 有能力的，足以勝任的, 有...傾向的
bound " n. 跳躍,界限,范圍
adj. 必定的，受約束的,裝訂的,有義務的
vt. 跳躍前進，形成界限"
be better off 更富有；境況好起來；境況富裕
decline " n. 衰微, 跌落; 晚年
v. 降低, 婉謝"
ashamed adj. 感到慚愧,感到害臊,因為羞恥或勉強作某事
satisfaction n. 賠償,滿意,妥善處理,樂事,確信
standard " n.標准，規格； 旗，軍旗； 度量衡標准； 直立支柱
adj.標準的，合格的； 普遍的，一般的； 公認為優秀的"
invitation n. 邀請，招待；請柬
glad a. 高興的，快活的；樂意的，情願的
base on 基於；以……為基礎；以…為根據
acquainted adj. 有知識的, 知曉的
abundance n. 豐富,充裕
famous a. 著名的
eager adj. 渴望的, 熱切的
be able to 會；有能力做某事；強調有能力
cut down 砍倒; 削減; 減少; 降低
be equal to 與……相等；相當；能勝任
be fond of 喜歡；喜愛；喜好
be about to 剛要; 即將
coverage n. 涉及范圍(如保險范圍或儲備金額)，塗層，新聞覆蓋率
across prep. 橫過，越過；在的對面ad. 橫過，穿過
dependent " adj. 附屬的,依賴的,懸垂的
n. 受經濟援助者"
compose " vt. 組成, 寫作, 作曲, 使鎮靜
vi. 創作"
clever adj. 聰明的,機靈的
combine " n. 集團,聯合收割機
v. 化合,結合,聯合
vi. 結合,聯合
vt. 使結合,使聯合"
cross off 從…劃掉；叉掉；把……劃去
come up 發生; 走上前來; (時間)快到
build up 增長; 積累
bring to 使復甦；使蘇醒；加進
come out 出來; 出版; 發表; 顯現
release " n. 釋放, 讓渡, 發行
vt. 釋放, 讓與, 准予發表, 發射"
exaggerate vt. &vi. 誇大,誇張
profit n.利潤；收益；利益；贏利;v.獲益；得到好處；對…有用（或有益）;
regulate v.調節；控制;
survey " n. 調查; 縱覽, 視察, 測量
vt. 審視, 視察, 通盤考慮, 調查; 勘測
vi. 測量, 勘測"
subway n. 地鐵
suburb n. 郊區
dash " n. 沖撞,破折號,少量,短跑,沖勁
vt. 猛擲,潑濺,沖撞,匆忙
vi. 猛沖,猛撞"
comparative " adj. 比較的,相當的
n. 對手"
data n. (datum的復數)資料,數據
available adj. 可用的,可得到的,有用的，有效的
burn out 燒光; 熄滅; 疲乏
call on 看望; 拜訪; 號召
account " n.賬，賬目； 存款； 記述，報告； 理由
vi.解釋； 導致； 報賬
vt.認為； 把…視作"
appear vi. 出現,顯得,出版,抵達
appeal " n. 懇求, 上訴, 吸引力
n. 訴諸裁決
v. 求助, 訴請, 呼籲; 有吸引力"
arrive vi. 到達；(時間、事件)到來，發生；達到
ask after 探問; 問候; 詢問
allow " vi. (for)考慮到,使可能
vt. 給予,承認,允許, 斷定"
catch v. 捕捉，捕獲；趕上；感染；理解，聽到
check " vt.檢查，核對； 制止，抑制； 在…上打勾
vi.核實，查核； 中止； 打勾； [象棋]將一軍
n.<美>支票； 制止，抑制； 檢驗，核對"
naval adj. 海軍的,軍艦的
collide vi. 碰撞,互撞,砥觸
identification " n. 身份的證明
n. 視為同一,證明同一,確認"
caution " n. 警告,戒備措施,慎重,吸引人眼球的物品或人
vt. 警告"
removal n. 移動, 移居, 除去
likely adj.很可能的, 合適的
oriental adj. 東方(人)的,貴重的
virtually adv. 幾乎,實際上
continue v. 繼續，連續，延伸
subsequence n. 隨後, 隨後發生的事, 結果
consequent " adj. 作為結果的, 隨之發生的，合乎邏輯的
n. 推論，結論，[數]後項"
globe n. 球體，地球儀；地球，世界
external " n. 外部
adj. 外部的,外用的,客觀的,表面的"
outer adj. 外部的, 外面的
race " n. 種族, 賽跑
v. 賽跑, 競賽
n. 人種；種族"
ray n. 光線, 射線, 雷(男子名)
wondering adj.顯出（或感到）驚奇，覺得奇怪，疑...
bargain n.交易；便宜貨；協議；減價品;v.商討條件;
fence n. 籬笆；圍欄；劍術v. 用籬笆瓦圍住；擊劍
option " n.選擇（的自由）； 選項； 選擇權； 選擇能力
vt.得到或獲准進行選擇； 調動球員"
adoption n. 採用, 採納, 收養
calculation n. 計算
exception n. 除外,例外
adoption n. 採用, 採納, 收養
abundance n. 豐富,充裕
Arctic " adj. 北極的,極寒的
n. （首字母大寫時）北極圈,北極地方"
ocean n. 海洋
tuition n. 教誨,教學,學費
triumph v.戰勝；成功；打敗;n.巨大成功；重大成就；偉大勝利；喜悅;
spur " n. 馬刺, 刺激, 鞭策, 支脈, (公路或鐵路的)支線,
vt. 以馬刺策(馬)前進, 刺激, 激勵, 給(馬)裝馬刺"
sponsor " n. 保證人, 贊助者
v. 發起, 贊助"
restrict v. 限制,約束
minimum " adj. 最低的, 最小的
n. 最小量, 最低限度"
nonsense n. 無意義的事,荒謬的言行,荒唐
nuclear adj. 原子核的,原子能的
retail " n. 零售
vt. 零售
adj. 零售的
adv. 以零售形式"
retain v.保留；保持；持有；繼續擁有;
maximum " n. 極點, 最大量, 極大
adj. 最高的, 最大極限的"
mature " adj. 成熟的, 到期的, 充分發育的, 考慮周到的
vt. 使...成熟, 長成
vi. 長成, 成熟; 到期"
massive adj. 巨大的, 大規模的, 大量的, 大范圍的
marvelous adj. 令人驚異的,了不起的,不平常的
bureau n. 局, 辦公處
burden " n. 負擔, 重載
v. 使負重, 裝載, 煩擾"
arouse " vt. 喚醒,激發,激起
vi. 喚醒"
sorrow n. 悲衰，悲痛
simplify " v. 簡化, 使單純
vt. 簡化"
sexual adj. 性的，性慾的，有性的
severe adj. 劇烈的, 嚴重的, 嚴峻的, 嚴厲的, 嚴格的
resume " v. 再繼續, 重新開始
n. 簡歷, 履歷; 摘要"
arise vi. 上升,引起,出現
treaty n.（國家之間的）條約;
thrust " n. 推力,刺,力推
vt.& vi. 插入,推擠,刺"
terror n. 恐怖，驚駭，令人懼怕或討厭的人或事物
equation n. 相等,方程(式),等式,均衡
tempt vt. 誘惑；引起；冒…的風險；使感興趣
temporary " adj. 暫時的,臨時的
n. 臨時工"
enthusiasm n. 熱心，熱忱，熱情
entry n. 進入,入口,登記,項目
environment n. 環境,外界
entertainment n. 娛樂
algebra n.代數學;
approximate " adj. 大約的,近似的
vt. &vi. 接近,約等於"
territory n. 領土, 版圖, 領域, 范圍
terminal "n. n. 終端機,終點,末端
adj. 終點的,晚期的,致死的"
seminar n. (大學的)研究班,研討會
semester n. 學期
geography n. 地理
architecture " n. 建築學, 建築業, 建築物, 結構
[總稱]建築物, 建築風格"
opponent " n. 對手, 敵手, 反對者
adj. 敵對的, 反對的"
opportunity n. 機會, 時機
odd " adj. 奇數的,古怪的,剩餘的
. 奇數"
obstacle n. 障礙,絆腳石
unique adj. 獨一無二的, 獨特的, 稀罕的
undertake vt. 從事,保證
vain adj. 徒然的, 虛榮的, 空虛的
repetition n. 重復,反復
remedy " n. 葯物,治療法,補救
vt. 治療,補救,矯正"
remarkable adj. 顯著的, 異常的, 非凡的, 值得注意的
decorate vt. 裝飾, 裝修, 授予某人獎章或其他獎狀
deaf a. 聾的,不願聽的
mb " adj. 無言的, 沉默的, 啞的, 愚蠢的
vt. 使人沉默"
comedy n. 喜劇,滑稽, 幽默事件
illegal " adj. 不合法的,非法的
n. 非法移民"
humble " adj. 卑下的, 謙遜的, 粗陋的
vt. 使...卑下, 貶低"
fate " n. 命運,天意
vt. 註定"
fatal adj. 致命的, 毀滅性的, 決定性的
principal n.本金；委託人；資本；主角;adj.最重要的；主要的;
principle n. 原則, 原理, 主義, 信念
reject v.排斥；拒收；拒絕接受；不予考慮;n.廢品；次品；不合格者；被剔除者;
reinforce v.加固；加強；充實；使更強烈;n.加固物;
slope n.斜坡；坡度；坡地；山坡;v.傾斜；有坡度；悄悄地走；潛行;
profitable adj. 有益的, 有用的
evil " adj. 邪惡的, 壞的
n. 邪惡, 罪惡"
shrink " n. 收縮,萎縮
vi. 收縮,退縮,萎縮
vt. 使收縮"
『伍』 2019年12月英語四級翻譯真題及答案-家庭觀念
2019年12月英語四級翻譯真題及答案-家庭觀念
[真題]
中國的家庭觀念與其文化傳統有關。和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羨慕。過去四代同堂並不少見。由於這個傳統，許多年輕人婚後繼續與父母同住。今天，這個傳統正在改變。隨著住房條件的改善，越來越多年輕夫婦選擇與父母分開住。但他們之間的聯系仍然很密切。許多老年人仍然幫著照看孫輩。年輕夫婦也抽時間探望父母，特別是在春節和中秋節等重要節日。
[參考範文]
China‘s family concept is related to its cultural tradition。 The harmonious family used to be particularly enviable。 It’s not rare for four generations to live together in the past。 Due to this tradition， a great number of young people continued to live with their parents after marriage。 Nowadays， this tradition is changing。 With housing conditions improving， a growing number of young couples choose to live separately from their parents。 Nevertheless， the relationship between them is still quite intimate。 Many elderly people still help look after their grandchildren。 Young couples also take time to visit their parents， especially on important festivals， such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival。
以上就是關於英語四級翻譯真題及其答案的分享，希望對想要考四級的小夥伴們有做幫助，想要了解更多相關內容，歡迎及時關注本平台!
『陸』 英語四級翻譯真題及解析，來看!
[真題]
中國的家庭觀念與其文化傳統有關。和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羨慕。過去四代同堂並不少見。由於這個傳統，許多年輕人婚後繼續與父母同住。今天，這個傳統正在改變。隨著住房條件的改善，越來越多年輕夫婦選擇與父母分開住。但他們之間的聯系仍然很密切。許多老年人仍然幫著照看孫輩。年輕夫婦也抽時間探望父母，特別是在春節和中秋節等重要節日。
[解析]
本篇翻譯的主題是中國傳統家庭觀念，幾乎很少涉及長難句型，主要難點在於中國特有表達的翻譯，著重考察考生們的靈活處理兩種語言轉換的能力。
(1) 中國的家庭觀念與其文化傳統有關。
[解析]句子的主語是“中國的家庭傳統觀念”，核心詞“觀念”，“中國的”、“傳統的”做定語。和……有關：be related to …
[參考答案]China‘s family concept is related to its cultural tradition。
(2) 和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羨慕。
[解析]：句子為主系表結構，時態是過去時。
令人羨慕的：enviable， admirable
[參考答案]The harmonious family used to be particularly enviable。
(3) 過去四代同堂並不少見。
[解析]：主系表結構，謂語部分“並不少見”較短的情況下，處理為itis形式主語句型，“四代同堂”是一個難點詞彙，需要考生理解其中的含義，先理解為“四代人居住在一起”，翻譯為： four generations live together。
[參考答案]It‘s not rare for four generations to live together in the past。
(4) 由於這個傳統，許多年輕人婚後繼續與父母同住。
[解析]：由於：e to +名詞;許多：numerous / many / a great number of ;繼續做某事：continue to;時態是過去時。
[參考答案]：Due to this tradition， a great number of young people continued to live with their parents after marriage。
(5) 今天，這個傳統正在改變。
[解析]主謂結構。主語(這個傳統)，謂語(改變)，時態現在進行時。
[參考答案]Today， this tradition is changing。
(6) 隨著住房條件的改善，越來越多年輕夫婦選擇與父母分開住。
[解析]隨著… with+名詞 with the improvement of housing conditions或：with+名詞+非謂語動詞：with housing conditions improving
越來越多：more and more/ a growing number of
[參考答案]With housing conditions improving， a growing number of young couples choose to live separately from their parents。
(7)但他們之間的聯系仍然很密切。
[解析]“聯系密切”即為“關系親密”之意。考察介詞短語作為後置定語，“他們之間的”處理為“between them”放在名詞之後。
[參考答案]Nevertheless， the relationship between them is still quite intimate。
(7) 許多老年人仍然幫著照看孫輩。
[解析]主語：many elderly people，“幫忙做某事”help to do sth。 / help do sth。
[參考答案]Many elderly people still help look after their grandchildren。
(9)年輕夫婦也抽時間探望父母，特別是在春節和中秋節等重要節日。
[解析]謂語動詞是“抽時間”，處理為“take time to do sth。”，“春節和中秋節等重要節日”考察介詞短語作為後置定語，用such as連接，傳統節日的表達需要大寫字母並加上冠詞the
春節：the Spring Festival
中秋節：the Mid-Autumn Festival
[參考答案]Young couples also take time to visit their parents， especially on important festivals， such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival。
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