初中英語主語定語賓語怎麼看
❶ 誰能告訴我初中英語語法中,各種(賓語,主語,定語)從句的用法
第一,有心情的話啃啃語法書.
第二,沒心情的話可以考慮聽我貧下.
聽著從句感覺好高深的樣子,其實也就那麼回事,他們的用法沒什麼特別要記得,一個是要用陳述語序(就是主謂賓不許倒置),另一個就是要選准引導詞.
一般我認為,賓語從句和主語從句是一類,統稱為名詞性從句,其用法除了以上所說兩點以外,用法和地位基本就和名詞沒什麼區別了,名詞該怎麼用,他就怎麼用.
而賓語從句我一般認為是形容詞性從句,同上所述,其除了遵守以上兩條以外,用法和地位基本與形容詞一樣,不過我這個特殊的形容詞一般是要放在被修飾詞的後面,就是這樣了.
還有一點,從句的時態要和主句一致.
示例:
主語從句:
what he needs is more time.
(引導詞) (從句內容)
\ /
(主語從句) (主句的謂語和賓語)
他所需要的是更多的時間.
賓語從句(最簡單的):
everyone hoped that he would get well soon.
(引導詞) (賓語從句內容)
\ /
(主語) (謂語) (賓語從句)
大家都希望他早日康復.
定語從句(不用懷疑,這是最難的):
i won't take anything that does not biling to me
(主語) (謂語) (賓語) (賓語從句)
我不會拿走不屬於我的東西.
要說基本的就這些了,如果還想再學的詳細一點,最好找本權威的語法書看一看,那上面的更詳細.
❷ 英語裡面主語謂語表語賓語定語狀語都怎麼區分啊
主語一般由名、代詞等充當是句子的主體
謂語由動詞充當
賓語是動作的對象
定語修飾名詞和代詞
建議你找本語法書看看
❸ 初三英語定語從句中怎麼看關系詞是做賓語還是主語
有賓語就有動詞啊,賓語要承受動詞的那個動作。第一個Shanghai 就是like 的對象,承受like這個動作,所以做like的賓語。 對於第二個句子提出最核心的部分就是上海是城市,即Shanghai is the city ,這樣的一個簡單句子在結構上已經完整了,就是主(Shanghai)謂(is)賓(cirty)結構,所以上海就是作為主語。但是這個句子在意思上並不完整,因為這里用的定冠詞是the ,必須對這個城市進行一個限制,所以後面補充的that is the biggest in China都只是起到補充說明的作用。
❹ 怎麼區分英語中的主語.謂語.賓語.表語.定語.狀語
樓上的這么說估計她根本就沒明白。
我大概說一下,要具體請你多看看自己的課本和請教老師:
1.主語
主語比較的明顯,一般由代詞,名字,動名詞,動詞不定式,還有一些特殊的:
代詞:人稱代詞
如:I,you ,we,us
疑問代詞
如:when ,where,what,which
動名詞:
singing is her hobby.
動詞不定式
To take exercise in the morning is good to health.
特殊的:
The Greens 格林一家
the old
當然還有個形式主語:
it is hard to sovle the problem.
there're many people died in the war.
謂語都由動詞,系動詞,片語擔當
I'm pupil
He shoot her.
He must be here.
You;re surposed to arrive at 1:30.
I agree with you .
賓語一般都有名詞代詞擔當。
l love you .
l like it.
i apreciate it.
表語:表示主語身份,特徵,情況等。一般常見的是形容詞,物主代詞,名詞。
this is you pen.
he is a man of little word.
I'm ill.
you're right.
that' what i mean.
定語一般是形容詞,或者名詞,形容詞性物主代詞用以修飾或者限定。
May i borrow you book?
this is an apple tree.
she is a nice girl.
狀語一般一片語,從句為主,還有時間,地點,伴隨等
she goes there.
he leaves at 7.
don't forget to turn the light off before you leave.
I'll come to give you a hand if i can .
i must leave right now.
Do it at once.
the old man sits in the boat fishing.
還有很多的省略形式中的變化就跟多。應此位置沒有十分確定的,不能以位置來判斷該詞在句中的成分。應結合句意和結構來判斷。
❺ 誰能告訴我初中英語語法中,各種(賓語,主語,定語)從句的用法
第一,有心情的話啃啃語法書。
第二,沒心情的話可以考慮聽我貧下。
聽著從句感覺好高深的樣子,其實也就那麼回事,他們的用法沒什麼特別要記得,一個是要用陳述語序(就是主謂賓不許倒置),另一個就是要選准引導詞。
一般我認為,賓語從句和主語從句是一類,統稱為名詞性從句,其用法除了以上所說兩點以外,用法和地位基本就和名詞沒什麼區別了,名詞該怎麼用,他就怎麼用。
而賓語從句我一般認為是形容詞性從句,同上所述,其除了遵守以上兩條以外,用法和地位基本與形容詞一樣,不過我這個特殊的形容詞一般是要放在被修飾詞的後面,就是這樣了。
還有一點,從句的時態要和主句一致。
示例:
主語從句:
what he needs is more time.
(引導詞) (從句內容)
\ /
(主語從句) (主句的謂語和賓語)
他所需要的是更多的時間。
賓語從句(最簡單的):
everyone hoped that he would get well soon.
(引導詞) (賓語從句內容)
\ /
(主語) (謂語) (賓語從句)
大家都希望他早日康復。
定語從句(不用懷疑,這是最難的):
i won't take anything that does not biling to me
(主語) (謂語) (賓語) (賓語從句)
我不會拿走不屬於我的東西。
要說基本的就這些了,如果還想再學的詳細一點,最好找本權威的語法書看一看,那上面的更詳細。
謝謝。
❻ 怎樣識別英語中的主語謂語賓語定語等
主語是動作的發出者,比如說I like it. 我喜歡它。動作發出者是「我」,所以「我」是主語(一般吧英語翻譯成漢語就知道主語是誰了吖)。
謂語就是動詞。比如說drink water, 喝水,drink是動詞,所以是謂語。英語里的「主動,被動」都是用謂語動詞的變化表示出來的。
賓語是謂語動詞後面的名詞,動作的承受著。一般可以用「什麼/誰」來提問(漢語的規則哦)。比如play games. 做游戲。play 是謂語動詞,game 就是賓語,一般簡單句的賓語位於動詞的後面,是動作的承受者。換個方式說,你可以想想,玩兒什麼呀?游戲。這個游戲就是賓語。
一個完整的句子最基本的組成成分就是主謂賓。
定語是修飾部分,修飾主語,賓語等名詞成分。用漢語來解釋。"我有一個美麗的杯子"。「美麗的」就是定語。「我」是主語,「有」是謂語,「一個」...大概是狀語吧...。如果定語用一個句子來表達,那就是定語從句啦。
❼ 英語的主語、狀語、補語、謂語、定語、賓語怎麼區分啊
英語句子成分詳細解釋
一.主語:主語(subject) 是一個句子的主題( theme), 是句子所述說的主體。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主語的有單詞、短語、從句乃至句子。
1.名詞作主語。 如:A tree has fallen across the road. (一棵樹倒下橫在路上。)
Little streams feed big rivers. ( 小河流入大江。)
2.代詞用作主語。如:You』re not far wrong. (你差不多對了)。
He told a joke but it fell flat. (他說了個笑話,但沒有引人發笑
3.數詞用作主語。如:Three is enough. 三個就夠了。
Four from seven leaves three. 7減4餘3。
4.名詞化的形容詞用作主語。
The idle are forced to work. 懶漢被迫勞動。
Old and young marched side by side. 老少並肩而行。
5.副詞用作主語。如:Now is the time. 現在是時候了。
Carefully does it. 小心就行。
6.名詞化的介詞作主語。如:The ups and downs of life must be taken as they come.
我們必須承受人生之沉浮。
7.不定式用作主語。 如:To find your way can be a problem.你能否找到路可能是一個問題。
It would be nice to see him again.
如能見到他,那將是一件愉快的事。
8. 動名詞用作主語。如:Smoking is bad for you. 吸煙對你有害。
Watching a film is pleasure, making one is hard work.
看電影是樂事, 製作影片則是苦事。
9. 名詞化的過去分詞用作主語。如:The disabled are to receive more money.
殘疾人將得到更多的救濟金。
The deceased died of old age.
死者死於年老。
10. 介詞短語用作主語。如:To Beijing is not very far. 到北京不很遠。From Yenan to Nanniwan was a three-hour ride on horseback.
從延安到南泥灣要三個小時。
11.從句用作主語。如: Whenever you are ready will be fine.
你無論什麼時候准備好都行。
Because Sally wants to leave doesn』t mean that we have to.
不能說薩利要走因而我們也得走。
12.句子用作主語。如:」How do you do ?」 is a greeting.「你好」是一句問候語。
二.謂語
謂語(predicate) 或謂語動詞(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主語之後。謂語由簡單動詞或動詞短語(助動詞或情態動詞+主要動詞)構成。
1.由簡單的動詞構成。
(1). What happened? 發生了什麼事?
(2). He worked hard all day today. 他今天苦幹了一天。
(3). The plane took off at ten o』clock. 飛機是十點起飛的。
2.由動詞短語構成的謂語。
(1). I am reading. 我在看書。
(2). What』s been keeping you all this time? 這半天你在干什麼來著?
(3). You can do it if you try hard. 你努力就可以做到。
3.英語常用某些動作名詞代替表動態的謂語動詞,表生動。這種動作名詞之前常用沒有多大意義的動詞have, get, take, give 等。如:
(1). I had a swim yesterday. 我昨天遊了一次水(had a swim 代替了swam)
(2). Take a look at that! 你看看那個!(take a look 代替了 look)
(3). He gave a sigh. 他嘆了口氣。(gave a sigh 代替了sighed)
(4). I got a good shake-up.我受到了很大的震動。(a good shake-up 代替了was shaken up thoroughly(充分,徹底的))
三.表語
表語的功能是表述主語的特徵、狀態、身份等。它也可以說是一種主語補語。它位於聯系動詞之後,與之構成所謂的系表結構。在系表結構鍾,聯系動詞只是形式上的謂語,二真正起謂語作用的則是表語。可以作表語的詞有:名詞、代詞、數詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、動名詞、分詞、介詞短語、從句等。
1.The wedding was that Sunday. 婚禮是在那個星期天舉行的。(名詞)
2.So that』s that. 就是這樣。(代詞)
3.We are seven. 我們一共7人。(數詞)
4.Are you busy? 你有空嗎?(形容詞)
5.Are you there? 你在聽嗎?(電話用語)(副詞)
Is anybody in? 裡面有人嗎? (副詞)
6.All I could do was to wait. 我只能等待。(不定式)
My answer to his threat(威脅) was to hit him on the nose.
我對他的威脅的回答是照他的鼻子打去。(不定式)
7.Complimenting(贊美,祝賀) is lying. 恭維就是說謊。(動名詞)
Is that asking so much? 這是要的高了嗎?(動名詞)
8.I was so much surprised at it. 我對此事感到很驚訝。(過分)
I』m very pleased with what he has done. 我對他所做的很滿意。(過分)
9.She is in good health. 她很健康。(介詞短語)
The show is from seven till ten. 演出時間為7點至10點。(介詞短語)
10.Is that why you were angry? 這就是你發怒的原因嗎?(從句)
11.This is where I first met her. 這就是我初次與她會面的地方。(從句)
補充:
能做系動詞的實義動詞:
come , go , run, turn ,get , become , keep , stay , make (表變化的動詞)
fell,sound ,smell , look , taste (感觀動詞)
seem, appear (似乎,好像)
例如:
1.Our dream has come true. 我的夢想實現了。(Come後常加 easy ,loose natural 等)
2. He fell sick. 他病了。
Keep fit.保重。
Keep作為系動詞還常接quiet ,calm ,cool, well, warm ,silent,clean,dry
3.The well ran dry. 這口井乾枯了。(short , loose , wild , cold 等)
4.A thin person always seems to be taller than he really is.
一個瘦個子似乎比他的實際高度要高些。
四.賓語
賓語(object)在句中主要充當動作的承受者,因此一般皆置於及物動詞之後。如:
Our team beat all the others. 我們的球隊打敗了所有其他球隊。
可以用作賓語的有:名詞、代詞、數詞、名詞化的形容詞、副詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的分詞、從句等。
1.Do you fancy a drink? 你想喝一杯嗎?(名詞)
2.They won』t hurt us. 他們不會傷害我們。(代詞)
3.If you add 5 to 5, you get 10. 5加5等於10。(數詞)。
4.I shall do my possible. 我將盡力而為。(名詞化形容詞)
5.He left there last week. 他上個星期離開了那裡。(副詞)
6.Does she really mean to leave home? 她真的要離開家嗎?(不定式)
7.He never did the unexpected(想不到的,意外的).
他從不做使人感到意外的事。(名詞化的分詞)
8.Do you understand what I mean? 你明白我的意思嗎?(從句)
擴展:
賓語中有些動詞需要兩個同等的賓語,即直接賓語(direct object)與間接賓語(indirect object)。直接賓語一般指動作的承受者,間接賓語指動作所向的或所為的人和物(多指人),具有這種雙賓語的及物動詞叫做與格動詞(dative verb), 常用的有:answer, bring, buy, do, find, get, give, hand, keep, leave, lend, make, offer, owe, pass, pay, play, promise, read, save, sell, send, show, sing, take 等,間接賓語一般須與直接賓語連用,通常放在直接賓語之前。如:I have found him a place. 我給他找到了一個職位。
五.補語
補語(complement)是一種補足主語和賓語的意義的句子成分。補足主語意義的句子成分叫做主語補語(subject complement),補足賓語意義的句子成分叫做賓語補語(object complement).
(1). 容詞用作主語補語是常置於主語之前,後有逗號。
Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. 我又累又困,就去睡了。
有時可以置於主語之後,前後都有逗號,與非限定性定語相似。如:
The man, cruel beyond belief, didn』t listen to their pleadings.
那人不可置疑地殘酷,不聽取他們的懇求。
(2).可以用做賓語補語的有名詞、形容詞、不定式、動名詞、分詞、介詞短語等
1.They named the child Jimmy. 他們將孩子命名為吉米。(名詞用作並與補語)
2.My mother looks so young that you would think her my sister.
我的母親面很嫩,你會以為她是我的姐姐(名詞短語作賓語補語)
3. He boiled the egg hard. 她將雞蛋煮老了。(形容詞用作賓語補語)
3.I found the book very interesting.我發現那本書很有趣。(形容詞短語用作賓補)
4.The comrades wanted Dr. Bethune to take cover.
同志們要白求恩大夫隱蔽一下。(不定式用作賓語補語)
5.I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul.我把這個叫做拆東牆補西牆。(動名作賓補
6.Don』t take his kindness for granted.不要把他的友善看作是當然的事。
六.定語
定語是用來說明名詞(代詞)的品質與特徵的詞或一組詞。可用作定語的有:形容詞、名詞、代詞、數詞、副詞、不定式、動名詞、分詞、介詞短語、從句和句子等。
1.形容詞用作定語是大量的。
(1). She is a natural musician. 她是一位天生的音樂家。
(2). He must be the best violinist alive.他一定是最好的在世的小提琴手了。(後置定語)
2. 名詞用作定語。如
(1). A baby girl 女嬰
(2). well water 井水
(3). Sports car 雙座輕型汽車
(4). A fool』s paradise 夢幻的天堂
2.代詞作定語。
(1). Your hair needs cutting. 你該理發了。(物主代詞用作定語)
(2). Everybody』s business is nobody』s business. 人人負責就是無人負責。
(不定代詞所有格作定語)
3.數詞作定語
(1). There』s only one way to do it. 做此事只有一法。
(2). Do it now, you may not get a second chance.
現在就干吧,你可能再沒有機會了。
基數詞用作後置定語: page 24 Room 201 the year 1949
4. 副詞充當定語時常後置,如:
the room above 樓上的房間 the world today 今日世界
the way out 出路 a day off 休息日
5.不定式用作定語
(1). Her promise to write was forgotten.她忘記了答應寫信的事。
(2). That』s the way to do it.那正是做此事的方法。
6.動名詞用作定語.
A walking stick 拐杖 sleeping pills 安眠葯
eating implements 吃飯用具 learning method 學習方法
7.分詞充當定語
a sleeping child 正在睡中的小孩 a drinking man 嗜酒者
a retired worker 一個退休工人 a faded flower 一朵謝了的花
7.介詞短語用作定語。
(1). This is a map of China. 這是一幅中國地圖。
(2). The wild look in his eyes spoke plainer than words.
他那凶暴的目光說明得再清楚不過了。
8.從句用作定語,即定語從句
The car that』s parked outside is mine. 停在外面的車是我的。
Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another one.
我在外面看見你的汽車了,它給另一輛車撞了。
七.同謂語
當兩個指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置時,一個句子成分可被用來說明或解釋另一個句子成分,前者就叫做後者的同謂語(appositive).這兩個句子成分多由名詞(代詞)擔任,同謂語通常皆放在其說明的名詞(代詞)之後。
1.名詞用作同謂語是大量的。
(1). We have two children, a boy and a girl.我們有兩個孩子,一男一女。
(2)We, the Chinese people, are determined to build China into a powerful and prosperous country. 我們中國人民決心將中國建成一個強大的繁榮的國家。
2.代詞用作同謂語。
(1)。They all wanted to see him. 他們都想見他。
(2)。Let』s you and me go to work, Oliver. 咱們倆去工作吧。
3.數詞用作同謂語。
(1)。Are you two ready?你們倆准備好了嗎?
(2)。They two went, we three stayed behind.他們倆去了,我們三個留了下來。
4.不定式與動名詞用作同謂語。
(1)。Their latest proposal, to concentrate on primary ecation, has met with some opposition.他們最近提出了集中全力於初等教育的提議遭到了某些人的反對。
(2)。The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down.
第一個計劃是夜襲,被拒絕了。
5.Of 短語用作同謂語
The city of Rome 羅馬城 the art of writing 寫作藝術
The vice of smoking 吸煙嗜好
6.從句用同謂語,即同謂語重句
(1)。The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.
明天放假的消息不確。
(2)。We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.
我們不是在調查他是否可信賴的問題。
八.狀語
狀語(adverbial)是修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞以及全句的句子成分。。如:
1.The girl is improving remarkably. 這個女孩大有進步。
2.可用作狀語的有副詞、名詞、代詞、數詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語、從句等。
(1)。副詞最常用作狀語,位置比較靈活,可置句末、句首和句中。
He speaks the language badly but read it well.
這種語言,他講得不好,但閱讀能力很強。
Naturally we expect hotel guests to lock their doors.
當我們期望旅館的旅客把房門鎖上。
3.狀語按用途來分,可以分為時間、地點、方式、原因、結果、目的、條件、讓步、程度、方式、伴隨等
(1)。時間狀語,多位於句末和句首,有時亦可置於句中
Shall we do the shopping today or tomorrow?
In China now leads the world.
(2).地點狀語,多置於句末,有時也位於句首和句中。
There are plenty of fish in the sea.
She kissed her mother on the platform(月台).
(3)。原因狀語,包括表理由的狀語,多置於句末,有時亦可置於句首。
Because he was ill ,Tom lost his job.
I eat potatoes because I like them.
(4). 結果狀語,多由不定式、分詞和從句表示,常位於句末。
She woke(醒) suddenly to find someone standing in the doorway.
She spoke so softly that I couldn』t hear what she said.
(5). 目的狀語,多由不定式、介詞短語和從句等表示,常位於句末,強調時可以置於句首。
He ran for shelter(隱蔽處).他跑去避雨。
In order to get into a good school, I must study even harder.
(6). 條件狀語。多由短語和從句表示,常置於句末和句首。
We』ll be lucky to get there before dark.
If he were to come, what should we say to him?
(7). 讓步狀語,由短語和從句表示,常置於句末和句首。
For all his money, he didn』t seem happy. 他盡管有錢,但似乎並不幸福。
He helped me although he didn』t know me.
(8).程度狀語。常由副詞、介詞短語及從句等表示。
The lecture is very interesting.
To what extent would you trust them? 你對他們信任程度如何?
(9)。伴隨狀語,常由短語和獨立主格等表示。對位於句末和句首。
My train starts at six, arriving at Chicago at ten.
He stood there ,pipe(煙斗) in mouth.
都在這了,希望你能採納!
❽ 怎樣分辨英語中的主語謂語賓語狀語補語定語具體方法是什麼
給一個例子吧。
The little boy played football yesterday.
主語 動作發出者 the boy
謂語 動詞 played
賓語 謂語後面的東西 football
狀語 時間 地點 頻率的詞 yesterday
定語 相當於形容詞 little
❾ 求助,如何判斷英語句子中的主語謂語定語賓語等等成分
句子成分
主語(subject): 句子說明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名詞) He likes dancing. (代詞)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (數詞) Seeing is believing. (動名詞)
To see is to believe. (不定式) What he needs is a book. (主語從句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主語,主語從句是真正主語)
謂語(predicate): 說明主語的動作、狀態和特徵。
We study English. He is asleep.
表語(predicative): 系動詞之後的成分,表示主語的性質、狀態和特徵。
He is a teacher. (名詞) Seventy-four! You don』t look it. (代詞)
Five and five is ten. (數詞) He is asleep. (形容詞)
His father is in. (副詞) The picture is on the wall. ( 介詞短語)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容詞化的分詞)
To wear a flower is to say 「I』m poor, I can』t buy a ring. (不定式)
The question is whether they will come. (表語從句)
(常見的系動詞有: be, sound(聽起來), look(看起來), feel(摸起來,smell(聞起來), taste(嘗、吃起來),
remain(保持,仍是), feel(感覺) ...
It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.
Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.
The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.
The door remains open. Now I feel tired.
賓語:1)動作的承受者-----動賓
I like China. (名詞) He hates you. (代詞)
How many do you need? We need two. (數詞)
We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. (動名詞)
I hope to see you again. (不定式) Did you write down what he said? (賓語從句)
2) 介詞後的名詞、代詞和動名詞-----介賓
Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.
3) 雙賓語-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)
He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.
賓補:對賓語的補充,全稱為賓語補足語。
We elected him monitor. (名詞) We all think it a pity that she didn』t come here. (名)
We will make them happy. (形容詞) We found nobody in. ( 副詞 )
Please make yourself at home. 介詞短語) Don』t let him do that. (省to不定式)
His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. (帶to不定式)
Don』t keep the lights burning. (現在分詞) I』ll have my bike repaired. (過去分詞)
主補:對主語的補充。
He was elected monitor. She was found singing in the next room.
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.
定語:修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、片語或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.(名詞) He is our friend. (代詞)
We belong to the third world. (數詞) He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容詞)
The man over there is my old friend.(副詞) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介詞)
The boys playing football are in Class 2. (現在分詞)
The trees planted last year are growing well now. (過去分詞)
I have an idea to do it well. (不定式)
You should do everything that I do. (定語從句)
狀語:用來修飾v., adj., adv., or 句子。 表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。
(以下例句按上述順序排列)
I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meetingroom.
The meat went bad because of the hot weather. He studies hard to learn English well.
He didn』t study hard so that he failed in the exam. I like some of you very much.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike.
Though he is young, he can do it well.
句子結構
簡單句的五個基本句型
主語 + 不及物動詞 She came./ My head aches.
主語 + 及物動詞 +賓語 She likes English.
主語 + 系動詞 +主語補語 She is happy.
主語 + 雙賓動詞 +間接賓語 +直接賓語 She gave John a book.
She bought a book for me.
主語 + 賓補動詞 + 賓語 + 賓語補語 She makes her mother angry.
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
( There +be There lies a book on the desk. )
❿ 怎樣辨別英語中的主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語、賓補
名詞代詞經常作主語,賓語,動詞作謂語,修飾名詞代詞的詞作定語,修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞的是狀語,系動詞後的成分就是表語。
1.He /Tom likes football.(主語是動作的發出者:He/Tom
謂語由動詞充當:likes ;賓語是動作的承受著football
2.I am tall。系動詞am 後的成分就是表語tall
3.They got up early。副詞early修飾動詞got up 作狀語
4.This is a red apple。形容詞red修飾名詞apple作定語。