城市排水英语怎么说及英文翻译
A. 排水管的英语翻译 排水管用英语怎么说
排水
名词 drainage
动词 drain
动词短语 drain off water
动词短语drain away water
[例句]他安装了雨水檐版沟和排水管权。
He installed rain gutters and downspouts.
B. “城市给排水”怎么翻译啊
water supply and drainage of the city
C. 高分求城市污水处理的相关英文文献，带中文翻译
推荐给你一个网址，查找一下，或内许会有容http://www.geabc.com/bz.htm
D. 求一篇给排水相关的英文文献及翻译
我毕业设计的，虽说语言有点生涩，不过是自己翻译的，应该符合老师的要求。英文是PDF格式的
建筑物服务工程设计与技术
屋顶排水设计性能的近期与远期优势
最近十年见证了屋顶排水系统设计方面的巨大变化，特别的是，虹吸雨水排水系统已经得到逐步改善，并且有可能得到重点应用。发生这些变化的同时，城市排水系统设计已经发生了巨大的变化，因为适用范围更广的可持续发展城市排水系统设计，还有人们对于气候变化带来的洪水泛滥的更多关注。这篇文章的主要内容就是，如何设计屋顶雨水排水系统并使之有良好的运行性能。需要特别注意的是如何改掉已经形成的不良设计习惯，同时还要需要考虑屋顶排水系统的创新，如绿色屋顶和雨水收集系统。
实际应用：在过去几年，屋顶雨水排水系统的设计已经发生了巨大的变化。在大型建筑物上，虹吸雨水排水技术已经很常见，还有绿色屋顶由于其有利于绿色发展，正得到越来越多的应用。考虑到正在进行的研究，本文主要介绍如何有效地设计各种不同的屋顶雨水排水系统，并使其达到理想的设计效果。
1.绪论
在过去十年，城市与水排水系统设计已经想着广为接受的可持续发展城市排水系统或者最优管理方向发展。设计这些系统主要原则是，既要有符合当地发展水平的质量，又要为投资者创造一定的经济效益。这种原则已经引发了集水池发展方式新的变化。尽管这种装置的应用正在逐渐减少，但是城市环境要求比较高的地区仍然要求100%防水且排水迅速，例如屋顶。通常屋顶排水系统在设计、建造和维护时并没有受到应有的重视。尽管排水系统的投资费用只占建筑总投资的一小部分，但是，并不能据此来判断设计不良带来的损失。
主要有两种不同形式的屋顶排水系统设计方法，分别是传统的和虹吸式方法。传统的系统依靠大气压力工作，其驱动压头受到水槽流动深度的影响。因此传统的屋顶排水系统需要一个直径相当大的垂直下降管，在排放之前，所有的装置都必须连接到地下水收集管网。与此相反，虹吸式屋顶排水系统通常设计成满管流（紊流状态意味着只需要较小的排气管），从而会形成负压，较大的压头和较大的流速。通常虹吸式系统需要较少的下降管，在负压状态下工作，意味着给水管网可以较高的高度上工作，从而减少地下管网量。
两种系统都由三部分组成：屋顶，雨水收集管道，系统管网。
所有这些部分都能够改变系统的水压分布。这部分主要关注各部分的作用和性能。由于虹吸系统的工作原理并没有得到很好的理解，得到的论证比较少，本文将会重点介绍虹吸系统。
2.屋顶
通常屋顶是由建筑师设计的，而不是由排水设计者设计的。主要有三种屋顶。
2.1平屋顶
平屋顶主要应用在降雨量比较少的地区和发达国家的工业建筑。这种屋顶并不完全是平的，而是低于所规定的屋顶最小坡度。例如，英国规定最大坡度为10°。设定最小坡度是为了避免任何不必要的积水。
尽管平屋顶如果得不到正确的维护会产生较多的问题，但它会减少建筑物内的死区，且比斜屋顶有利于室内气流组织。
2.2斜屋顶
大多数居住建筑和商业建筑都是斜屋顶，斜屋顶最大的优点是可以迅速排水，从而可以减少漏水。在温带地区，不需要考虑屋顶承载的降雪载重。一旦下雨，斜屋顶通过的降雨量就可以通过计算确定。当有降雨资料可以利用时，可以使用运动学理论来解决这类问题。
2.3绿色屋顶（平的或者是斜的）
可以证明最老的屋顶就是绿色屋顶，它包括可以减少或驱散降雨的种有植物的屋顶。它可以是种有树和灌木的屋顶花园，也可以是长有植被的轻型屋顶地毯。其中后一种技术已经得到广泛应用。其中一些应用趋向于侧重美学要求并经常应用于绿色发展。由于审美要求和水压要求，绿色屋顶还有热绝缘的功能，减少热岛效应，有消声作用，延长屋顶的使用寿命。
绿色屋顶在德国应用最为广泛，在北美地区次之，但是要考虑美学上的影响。德国是目前为止最有经验的国家，早在19世纪就有实际应用，当时作为在城市地区替代焦油屋顶降低火灾危险的一种选择。目前德国主要研究放在种植问题上，对城市的其它问题考虑较少。从1987年到1989年的一项研究工作，发现装有70毫米厚的绿色屋顶可以减少60%-80%的热损失。在加拿大的一项基于电脑模型的工作，表明在屋顶只要集水器是、的面积能够达到屋顶面积的70%，在一年内就能减少60%，同样的模型也被用于人工降雨，其结果都表明集水器在降雨季有助于雨水排走。
但是这些研究都没有表明绿色屋顶在降雨季可以发挥多大的作用，或者给水管的收集效率有多高。美国做了一些测验，只要对绿色屋顶经常的浇灌，就可以在一次降雨中减少65%的径流量。美国最有权威的绿色屋顶指导原则是由新泽西州环保部门颁布的。这项原则主要是解决轻型结构问题，以及如何在两年之后还能正常的排水。
降雨周期是根据是根据失败的概率决定的。通常的系统是根据暴雨期间两分钟的降雨量，这两分钟是有选择的。尽管这种模型会得到更高的流量，但是没有其他更好的替代方法。研究表明，传统模型应用于绿色屋顶的研究是是不成熟的。
流失量系数比传统屋顶记录的要小，大约为98.7%.
峰值流量也会减少，虽然没有渗透，但是表面粗糙度也会产生显著的影响。
集中降雨的时间要比两分钟要长，特别是对面积较大的屋顶，如公共建筑、商业建筑、工业建筑。
城市排水设计还要考虑其他一些因素，对于一个复杂的系统来说，一个绿色屋顶在一场降雨中是不够的。流量水位曲线显示的持续期要比传统系统长。并且两场独立的将与之间的影响也是有可能的，这需要更加精确的时间周期。
3.雨水收集器
雨水收集器的基本要求是要能够容纳设计暴雨时的降雨量。尽管通常情况下可以通过让屋顶稍微倾斜来达到排水的目的，但是建筑工业的性质及建筑物的沉降都会式屋顶变得平坦，在水平放置的水槽中，水的剖面是向外倾斜的，这是流体静力学的作用。
3.1排水沟出口的深度
判断雨水收集器是否具有足够容积的关键是集水器外部出口的设置情况。还会影响流入雨水排水系统管道的流速，还会影响集水器的积水深度。尽管集水器的深度不会带来什么特别的问题，但是过深会导致集水器过高。
20世纪80年代的大量研究表明，传统屋顶排水系统的出水口的流动情况可以分为两种情况。这取决于水深与出口尺寸的大小。当水深小于出口直径的一半时，流动情况是第一种类型，并且出口的流动情况可以通过合适的方程计算出；随着水深的增加，出口会被慢慢堵塞，流动形式会变成另一种形式，同时，出口的流动情况可以通过其他方程得出。尽管传统屋顶排水系统被设计成可以自由排水，但是设计中遇到限制可能会使出流不是自由的。在这种情况下，就会需要额外的深度。
在虹吸式屋顶排水系统中，出水口被设计成淹没出流，。在这种情况下，决定出水口的深度比较复杂的，因为集水器的设计取决于流动情况。近期的研究表明，传统的屋顶雨水排水系统使用各种非标准的集水器，它们的深度和高度，都要比出口的直径大。这最终会造成虹吸作用。对于一个给定的集水器，始端的流动情况取决于下降管的直径。类似的现象也被用于研究标准的集水器，在这些情况下，受限的虹吸作用只发生在离出口比较近的距离内。
3.2槽内的流动分类
在集水槽复杂流动出口的流动分类中，可以从表2a中看出，流动会出现均匀的分层，而不管入口的流动情况是否相同。表2b和2c表明，出口的分布会极大的影响流动情况。
当出口不是自由射流时，集水槽中复杂出口的流动情况分类是很难描述的。因为每个集水槽内的压力都有可能是合并的。例如，虹吸系统中的管子在靠近设计点时是充满射流，出口的流动分类取决于每个支路的能量损失。
3.3静水剖面
集水器中水表面的形状可以根据渠内流动方程进行分类。在大多数情况下，低流速意味着有较小的摩擦损失，如果出口是自由射流，那么摩擦损失是可以忽略的，静水剖面可以通过方程1来决定水平距离。
式中Q--流量(m3/s)
T—表面宽度（m）
g—重力加速度（m/s2）
F—流动面积（m2）
方程1在摩擦力不可忽略时需要进行修正（管道很长或流速很大时），或者不是自由射流。
3.4现行的设计方法
先前的讨论已经强调了设计与水槽时应该考虑的主要因素。然而如果不借助于一定的数量模型，计算屋顶排水系统的静水剖面、集水槽容积是不可能的。这对大型商业和制造业来说，是一个发展机会，可以合并几千米的水管路线。因此，传统的排水系统的集水槽的设计方法主要是根据经验，并假定出口是自由射流。
集水槽在建筑物中的位置，可能会造成失败的例子。
不同的集水槽界面
除了上面列举的情况外，还允许设计者采用经验数据。
3.5数字模型
大量的数字模型可以用来准确描述任何形式的集水槽内的流动情况，不管屋顶流量是否稳定。这种组合模型的一个例子是屋顶网模型。这种模型使用户能够对不同方面的数据进行分类说明，包括：雨季降雨情况的详细情况，屋顶表面排水的详细情况等。运动学也被用于研究雨水从流动到集水槽中的研究。一种典型的方法是基于解决开式系统中一位空间流动基本问题。这种模型自动解决集水槽出口流动情况，还能处理自由射流的情况，也能模拟空间中的受限流动以及淹没出流。输出值包括深度、流速等。
目前，各种模型本质上还只是研究工具，还需要经过实际工程的检验。然而，我们应该正视模型的各种作用。
4系统管组
管组的组成形式和范围决定了屋顶排水系统主要依靠的是传统系统还是虹吸作用。
4.1传统雨水系统
传统屋顶雨水系统中，地面管网上面通常是垂直管网，连接着集水槽的出口和地下排水系统，重要的系统中还有补偿管。应该强调的是，补偿管与地面夹角小于10°。整个系统的能力主要依靠的是出水口而不是下降管。
垂直管内的流动通常是自由流动，充满度只有33%，其效率取决于多余的管长。如果下降管足够长（通常大于5m），就有可能出现环形流动。同样的，补偿管内的流动通常情况下也是自由流动，充满度可达70%。这样设计的管路既可以用于设计，也可以用各种方程。
4.2虹吸式屋顶排水系统
与传统排水系统相反，虹吸式屋顶排水系统依靠系统外的空气流动，并且管内流动是满管流。
通常的设计都做了这样的假设，对于设计的暴雨，虹吸系统能够迅速排出雨水。这种假设可以让虹吸系统应用水静压理论。经常用到稳定流能量方程。尽管这种方法忽略了进口处少量的能量损失，但经过实验表明还是有利于实际应用。
然而稳定状态的设计方法在虹吸系统暴露在雨水系统时的标准不符合要求或者降雨强度的变化很大时是不能应用的。在第一种情况中，将会有一定质量的空气混入，出现环状流。这些问题在系统不是一个整体时更为严重。由于通常设计的降雨都是普通的，很明显现在的设计方法随着时间的推移可能会不适用于虹吸式系统。这是一个主要的缺点，因为设计中的主要问题是噪声和振动问题。
尽管现有的设计方法有缺点，但世界上大量的工程却很少有失败的报告。当出现失败时，很有可能是下面的原因：
对操作要点理解不正确
不合格的原材料明细表
安装缺陷
维护管理不当
为了克服这些缺点，最近已经开展了一系列研究工程，来讨论虹吸式系统，并发展数字模型。从这项工作中我们学到很多。
与现有设计方法相反的一些假设，虹吸式系统主要有以下几个方面：
1) 系统中的流动是非充满流动
2) 水平流动的某些管段存在满管流
3)满管流向下游传播，通过垂直管，上升管等
4) 满管流出现在垂直段，系统内压力降低
5）下降管内是满管流，将会出现气塞
6）出现完全的虹吸作用，直到进入系统的空气低于一定的水平
表4a列的数据表明，在低于设计点时，虹吸式系统会出现不稳定的流动，集水槽内的深度不足以维持虹吸作用。表4b表明非稳定流在虹吸式系统中何时会出现。
表5列举了一个数字模型输出的数据。可以看出，这种模型能够准确描述虹吸作用，以及稳定虹吸状态，数据也表明该模型能够准确描述复杂的虹吸作用。
5结论
本文已经图示说明了屋顶排水系统的关键，但这些在城市排水系统设计中往往被人们忽视。本文也表明设计过程是一个复杂的过程，主要依靠出口的性能。下面这些结论是根据设计总结出来的：
1） 运行依靠三个相互作用的部分：屋顶、集水槽、水管
2） 绿色屋顶可以减少流量，美化城市
3） 出口对系统的性能至关重要
4） 虹吸式排水系统在大型工程中有较大的优势，但是必须考虑高昂的维修费用
5） 设计虹吸式排水系统应该考虑额外的容量和操作问题
尽管绿色屋顶是比较有吸引力的一种选择，但是传统屋顶在国内建筑物中将会持续占统治地位。绿色屋顶将会逐步发展，并逐步被人们广泛接受。同样的，屋顶排水系统所显示的高效表明它将会在商业建筑的排水系统中持续发挥巨大的作用。
屋顶排水系统的最大威胁来自气候变化，现有的系统并不是简单的趋向于老化；降雨形式的变化将会导致低效的运行，自我清洁的速率也会降低。而且屋顶风速的变化也会加速屋顶的老化，因此十分有必要进行维修保养。考虑到气候的变化，材料的增多，收集屋顶的雨水将会更为广泛。目前，全球的雨水量大约为7到300升每人每天，在英国，平均消耗量为145L/h/d，这其中只有大约1升是人使用的，有大约30%用于厕所，研究表明，如果水资源短缺，收集屋顶雨水对发达国家和发展中国家都是值得推荐的方法。
Recent and future advances in roof drainage design and performance
Recent and future advances in roof drainage design
and performance
S Arthur BEng (Hons) PhD and GB Wright MEng PhD
School of the Built Environment, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
The past 10 years have witnessed significant changes in the way roof drainage
systems are understood and designed. In particular, there has been a stepchange
in the confidence with which siphonic roof drainage systems may be
specified and expected to perform. These changes have occurred whilst urban
drainage design in general has been revolutionized by wider acceptance of
Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems and greater public concern regarding
pluvial flooding within the context of climate change. This text considers, in
detail, both how roof drainage systems are designed and how they should be
expected to perform. Particular attention is drawn to weaknesses in accepted
design methods. Consideration is also given to ‘innovative’ roof drainage related
approaches such as green roofs and rainwater harvesting.
Practical application: Over the past few years there have been many changes in
how roof drainage systems are specified and designed. On large buildings,
technologies such as ‘siphonic roof drainage’ are now commonplace and there is
an ever increasing demand for ‘green roofs’ to be specified e to their potential
to ‘green’ developments. Based on ongoing research, this paper details how
these different types of roof drainage solutions can be efficiently designed and
what levels of performance can be expected.
1 Introction
Over the past decade urban drainage systems
have moved towards what are now commonly
known as ‘Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems’
(SUDS) or ‘Best Management Practice’
(BMP). Fundamental to the implementation
of these systems is addressing both runoff
quantity and quality at a local level in a
manner which may also have the potential to
offer amenity benefits to stakeholders. This has
led to a change in the way new developments
now look and interact within catchments.
However, despite the availability of such tools
to rece, attenuate and treat urban runoff,
substantial areas of the urban environment are
still 100% impermeable and drain rapidly;
namely roof surfaces. Normally, roof drainage
systems do not always receive the attention
they deserve in the area of design, construction
and maintenance. Although the cost of a
system is usually only a small proportion of a
building’s total cost, it can be far outweighed
by the costs of the damage and disruption
resulting from a failure of the system to provide
the degree of protection required.
Address for correspondence: Scott Arthur, School of the Built
Environment, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS,
UK. E-mail: [email protected]
Building Serv. Eng. Res. Technol. 26,4 (2005) pp. 337 /348
# The Chartered Institution of B©u i2l0d0i5n SgASGeEr PvuicbeliscaEtionngsi.n Aelel rrisgh2ts0 0re5served. Not for commercial use or unauthorized distribution. 10.1191/0143624405bt127tn
Downloaded from http://bse.sagepub.com at Heriot - Watt University on January 31, 2007
There are basically two different types of
roof drainage system, namely conventional
and siphonic (see Figure 1). Conventional
systems operate at atmospheric pressure, and
the driving head is thus limited to the gutter
flow depths. Consequently, conventional roof
drainage systems normally require a considerable
number of relatively large diameter vertical
downpipes, all of which have to connect
into some form of underground collection
network before discharging to the surface
water drain. In contrast, siphonic roof drainage
systems are designed to run full-bore
(turbulent gutter conditions mean that there
will always be a small percentage of entrained
air within the system, typically 5%), resulting
in sub-atmospheric system pressures, higher
driving heads and higher system flow
velocities. Hence, siphonic systems normally
require far fewer downpipes, and the depressurized
conditions also mean that much of the
collection pipework can be routed at high
level, thus recing the extent of any underground
pipework.
Both types of drainage system comprise
three basic interacting components:
. the roof surface;
. the rainwater collection gutters (including
outlets);
. the system pipework.
Each of these components has the ability to
substantially alter the runoff hydrograph as it
is routed through the system. This text will
focus on the role and performance of each of
these components. As the principles of siphonic
drainage are generally less well understood,
and certainly less well documented,
particular emphasis will be placed on the
performance of siphonic roof drainage systems
in this text.
E. 城市污水处理率的英文怎么说
城市污水处理率的英文：
treatment rate of domestic sewage
n. 对待；待遇；治疗；疗法；处理
- sleep treatment
睡眠治疗法 - preferential treatment.
优先的待遇 - cadmium treatment is likely to be integrated with other treatment schemes
镉的处理可能与其它处理电路结合起来。
n. 比率，速率；费用
v. 评估；认为；划分等级；值得
- cumulative rating
累积收听率 - These bonds have an AAA rating.
这些债券的信用度是3A级的。 - To rate too low;underestimate.
低估对…估价太低；低估
adj. 家庭的；热心家务的；国内的；驯养的
n. 仆人，佣人
- A servant, especially a domestic servant.
佣人仆人，尤指家仆 - The pig is a domestic animal.
猪是一种家畜。 - It was a scene of such domestic bliss.
这是一派天伦之乐的场景。
F. 求助给水排水专业英语翻译
水质量平衡日出风和2020塔:
在高层建筑中影响关闭水环
1
克林顿j·安德鲁斯,Uta Krogmann Mookhan Kim格雷戈里内吻,克莱尔Miflin
2
文摘:建筑水容质量平衡进行一个150层的传统建筑场景
对比三种情况的2020塔,一个假设的150层的高层建筑现场
废水处理和重用。确保假设假设的构建是合适的,
一年也进行了水平衡现有的27日出风建筑,部分关闭
水⁄废水循环,米主要水流和实现低流量⁄水保护装置和电器。相比之下,传统的27层的建筑场景相同的低流量⁄水保护装置日出风但没有水重用也评估。平均每日日出风的室内用水
246 l⁄(d帽),超过平均每天用水中发现文学。水质量平衡显示
城市高层建筑需要另一个即使饮用水源水产生因为重用
在水的损失最终用途和治疗(即。、蒸发、水处理残渣)。因此,水
保护(即。人类行为、修改)和(即水效率的提高。、设备、电器和设备)是重要的主要因素在减少所需的市政供水所有场景。
G. 城市污水处理厂英文怎么写
城市污水处理厂
[词典] municipal sewage plant; urban sewage treatment plant;
[例句]介绍了新沂市城市污水处理厂的污泥膨胀情况。
Abs tract: This paper introces the problem of sludge bulking in Xinyi city wastewater treatment plant.
H. ●【翻译—仅供英语高手专区】剧本片段翻译 — 城市排水解决方案！
CITY SEWAGE SOLUTION PROJECT
The Focus of the Fifth International Conference on Municipal Road- planning, Shanghai—Problems Involving the Sewage System
Cast of Characters
Li XX: 40s, Director of EPA
Richard: 40s, editor-in-chief
Chairman of the Conference: 60s, tall and stout
Leoh Ming Pei: 89, a master of architecture
Road-planning Experts: of different ages, from around the world
SCENE I
Setting:
Director’s Office, Environmental Protection Agency, Pudong New Area, Shanghai
Time:
July 20, 2006
Character:
Li XX, Director recently sworn in, young and competent
Background information:
Little did the new director think that only a week after his inauguration, an ordinary piece of E-mail would make a great difference to him as a civil servant. The following is what was contained in the E-mail.
“Dear Director Lee,
My name is Jenny, an overseas Chinese presently spending her vacation in China. However, while walking along the streets on sweltering summer days, I always smell nasty odor coming from the underground sewers. I have visited a lot of cities and found out this is a common problem, especially in Shanghai. It is really puzzling to me that no attention has been paid to the sewage systems, while a great many roads are being broadened in those cities. Now my question is : can the underground sewage system be built further down?”
AT RISE
After reading the message, Director Li thinks for a moment and then calls up Richard, the executive editor of the magazine “New Shanghai.”
The former orders that the latter make a thorough research of the issue and relate it to the international municipal road- planning conference to be held in Shanghai.
Scene II
Setting:
office of the executive editor of the magazine “New Shanghai”
Time:
July 20, 2006
Character:
Richard ( formerly majored in landscape design at college but entered on journalism after coming back from overseas studies and ,after years of hard work, was promoted to the seat of the executive editor)
On receiving the director's order, he feels a little confused about what to do though he has served as editor-in-chief for quite a long time. Out of the keen sensitivity of the reporter, he looks through the list of the experts to be present at the conference. Much to his delight, he discovers the name of the world-famous Chinese-American architect, Leoh Ming PEI. Owing to the important discovery, things seem, he is sure, to change for the better.
Scene III
Setting:
Conference Room on the fifth floor of the building housing the Agency of Environmental Protection, Shanghai
Time:
August 23, 2006
Characters:
experts in road-planning from around the world
(After a series of insightful discussions)
CHAIRMAN OF THE CONFERENCE
All right. Since all of you have expressed what you had to say, now I am pleased to ask the master of architecture, Mr. Leoh Ming Pei, to share his unique findings with us.
LEOH MING PEI
Ha, ha. Now that you all have presented your research reports, I am not going to repeat your remarks. Instead, I am to focus my personal views on city-planning, and any comment from you is heartily welcome.
First, I maintain that it takes tens of years, even one hundred years, to plan, construct, develop, and mature a city. Similarly, judging from the current situations, it will take a long time for the cities in China to catch up with New York. If we compare the development of New York with that of Shanghai, it is not surprising to see that the city-planning in China leaves much to be desired. More often than not, as soon as a construction project is finished, another is under progress. This way, the later project does some damage to the earlier one. Then it becomes clear that the power supply networks, sewage system, and city roads were poorly arranged. By contrast, the success of New York lies in the simple fact that New Yorkers had done a great deal of admirable preparatory work before their city grew into a metropolitan unit. In fact, the Chinese have a lot to learn from the New Yorkers. What I want to emphasize is that the foreigners made the perfect plan for their city one or two hundred years ago.
Second, we can easily see that a lot of Hollywood’s popular action films were shot right in the sewage tunnel. That illustrates that their
sewage engineering project was extremely well-planned. Besides, there were many scenes in foreign movies in which the actors ran along the tunnel-like ct for a long period of time. A little while ago, the animation cartoon, “Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles”, was highly popular throughout China, whose heroes lived exactly in the cts all their lives. This fact explains how much more well-planned foreign sewage systems are.
Thirdly, as for technical matters, I must point out that the sewage system will get clogged sooner or later no matter how deep it is. Sewage water will mix with underground water after it is filtered by soil. However, because of improper flow and damage to pipes, sewage water gets sour. If the fermented water is left alone, the situation will get worse. Where the water is shallower, there is little or no unpleasant odor. That is because the ct is wider at that point and the water flows away rapidly. Let me explain this by giving an example familiar to all of you. Say you have a liking for rib soup. If you leave the soup untouched too long, the delicious soup is sure to go sour....
(All the experts present on the spot are amused by the impressive speech, which is worth the name of “uniqueness.”)
CHAIRMAN OF THE CONFERENCE
Right here and now the central discussion of the fifth International Municipal Road-Planning Conference has drawn to a fruitful end.
Scene IV
Setting:
Director’s Office, Environmental Protection Agency, Pudong New Area
Time: May 1, 2008
Character:
Director LI, who has achieved great success after serving as Director of EPA, Pudong for some years
Background:
A short time before the opening of the Beijing Olympics, Li is appointed as Director of Environmental Protection Agency, Beijing. Just at this time, he receives another piece of E-mail, which brings him pleasure beyond description. The message contained therein is as follows.
“Dear Director LI:
Hi. I am Jenny, an overseas Chinese. Several years ago, I came to Shanghai and sent a message to you by E-mail, mentioning the sewage problem. This time when I stroll around your city again, I find that you have done a good job by getting rid of the headaches. I am thankful to you for the efforts you have made...”
Director Li thinks to himself, “China has a long way to go and is sure to have a bright tomorrow. I can take a deep breath at last.”
I. 排放污水用英语怎么说
排放污水 : sewage effluent
. . . 香港建造业常用英文词汇四 ...
sewage disposal 污水排放
sewage effluent 排放污水
sewage pipe 污水管 ...
禁止任意利用公路边沟进行灌溉或者排放污水。
Also banned is the use of roadside ditches for irrigation or drainage purposes.
2. 禁止向生活饮用水地表水源一级保护区的水体排放污水。
It is forbidden to discharge sewage into water bodies within the firstgrade surface sources protection zones for domestic and drinking water.
3. 向城市污水集中处理设施排放污水、缴纳污水处理费用的，不再缴纳排污费。
Those who discharge sewage to the central treatment facilities and pay the fees for sewage treatment shall be exempted from the pollutant discharge fee.
J. 上海市城市排水市南运营有限公司的英文翻译
South Shanghai urban sewerage city operation Limited company