旁通阀英语怎么说及英文翻译
A. 水喷淋英文翻译
(One) pressure pump uses picture explaining pressure pump external form: 1. Start , move round: A) uses hand to allocate revolution of electric motor wind leaf , the impeller should there be no a card grinding phenomenon , rotates nimbly; B) uses hand to move a pump sealing off end face so that lubricating liquid enter machinery; And that c) irrigation exhausts , open the entrance valve, makes liquid enter the pump cavity inner sufficiently, until the entire pipeline is full of liquid, guarantee entrance pipeline hermetic sealing; D) closes the outlet valve, to fall off starting the electric current e) on power source , start ascertaining working correct direction, harmonious end watches from electric motor wind for clockwise revolve; F) adjusts the aperture exporting a valve step by step , makes the pump fixedness work under state to the full; The pump is hit by g) in turn over process , is responds to the go over parking immediately if when discover noise or unusual sound,; Regular h) machinery hermetic sealing discloses the electric motor should be smaller than 3 drop of mark/ , examining that , the axle bearing place temperature rises <70 ~C, exceeds this value should examine cause; I) on power source , the regular queen of rotator open the valve spitting out being in charge of on the way again graally , pump continuous work time can not exceed 10 minutes under the situation that the valve closes. 2. Stop: A) is closed spitting out pipeline valve b) mping , is stops an electric motor running c) close the entrance valve; D) uses if the ambient temperature is lower than 0 ~C or the pump long range stays , should send out pump inner water; Five. The attachment part number part name specification type betokens prickle quota 54220 Y types filter 54220-1 Y types filter Lv11-16T DN25 2 58099 piece of spray nozzles 1/4 GG-6.5 (material quality is brass) documents 10 47511-5 receives (the sun connection) R1/2 5 48043-22 piece of strainers TZX2-100 * 40 W 3 48680-11 piece of temperature switches WTZK-50 (40 ~C- 80 ~C) 2 49761 piece of targets style rate of flow controller LKB-01-C document quickly 1 Six. Common malfunction phenomenon malfunction cause removes method 1. The water pump does not put up the water a , the import and export valve has not opened up , the pipeline getting in and out blocks up, runner the impeller blocks up. A , the thing examining , dislodging a block. B , working direction of electric motor are incorrect , the electric motor lacks for the direction looking at and appraising very slow b of rotation rate , adjusting electric motor operation , the fastening electric motor works a telephone switchboard. C, sucks blown c of tube in , screws every tightly sealing off face , removes an air leak. D , the pump have not tanked up liquid , the pump cavity inner has air. D, tanks up liquid and opens the exhaust valve , the row using up air. E , pipeline resistance are too big , the pump chooses improper e of type , cuts down the pipeline curve , chooses a pump again. 2. Water pump rate of flow does not worth a , pushes down 1 first. Cause is examined. A, pushes down 1 first. Remove. The impeller part blocks up , scale Chen accumulates b , the pipeline pump, runner, the valve aperture is insufficient. B , takeoff block up the thing , the again adjustment valve aperture. C , voltage insist to hang down. C , stabilivolt. D , the impeller wear away. D, changes an impeller. 3. Noise shakes a , the pipeline props up not to stabilize. A , firm pipeline. B , liquid drift along having a gas. B , rise suck pressure in exhausting. The vapor erodes c , creation. C, reces vacuum degree. D , axle bearing damage. D, changes axle bearing. E , the electric motor overload the operation generating heat. E , adjustment push down 4. . 4. The generating heat , the rate of flow fault overload an electric motor greatly, working. A , turn down export a valve. B, gushes wipe. B , go over are removed. C , electric motor axle bearing damage. C, changes axle bearing. D , voltage are insufficient. D , stabilivolt. 5. Water leak from the water pump a , machinery seal off wear. A , replacement. B , the pump body have the grit hole or break. B, soldering or changes. C , hermetic sealing do not level face to face. C , recondition. D, assembles bolt loosening. D , fastening.
B. 高分求汉语翻译成英文
Lubrication System failures are mainly common: oil pressure is too low, too high, and excessive consumption of lubricants.
The phenomenon of low oil pressure after the engine starts, oil pressure fell rapidly to zero around or engines in operation in the oil pressure is always low. The main reason is insufficient lubricating oil or lubricating oil viscosity is too low; pressure limiting valve springs too soft or adjust himself; oil filter clogging; oil form or sensor failure; crankshaft main bearings, rod bearings or cam bearing clearance too Great. Repair methods are: oil pressure has always been too low, they should first check whether the required amount of oil; if oil sufficient,
Should check the oil the table or its sensor; check the oil filter is too dirty; check the oil filter assembly is blocked and the oil pump is bad work.
The phenomenon of excessive oil pressure when the engine running, oil pressure is always too high or the engine in operation, the oil pressure suddenly increased. The main reason is oil viscosity is too large; pressure limiting valve to adjust himself; engine main bearings, connecting rod bearings or cam bearing clearance is too small; Tao plug or oil filter oil filter bypass valve is open and difficult to plug. Repair method is: First check the oil viscosity is too large; pressure limiting valve on whether to regulate inappropriate or ineffective; for the newly installed engine, should check the main bearings, connecting rod bearings or cam bearing clearance is too small; oil pressure suddenly high,
Should first check the engine oil pressure limiting valve plunger is catching, if the sound is normally Road blocked oil lubrication system.
Excessive oil consumption is mainly e to the piston and the cylinder gap is too large; intake valve catheter wear off very; crankcase ventilation; timing gear chamber sealed bad; crankshaft oil seal after the seal bad; camshaft rear oil leaked oil; air compressor piston and the cylinder gap is too large. Repair method is: First, check for oil spills; the exhaust pipe is to take Lanyan row; if released from the reservoir plug sewage pump a lot of oil, indicating the air compressor piston, piston ring and cylinder wear off very, should overhaul.
In order to avoid these failures occur, do a good job automobile engine lubrication system, routine maintenance and maintenance is very important. In order to achieve automotive engine lubrication system, routine maintenance and maintenance, you must do the following: 1, check the oil pressure. 5 ~ 10min in the vehicle to start, view the oil pressure is normal. If the red light, then the engine oil pressure abnormalities. 2, Check the oil, the oil height. Check the oil height should be at the level of the location of the automobile and the engine is started before; if it is on the way checks must be made the engine flameout,
To be within the engine lubricating oil to flow back to the surface of oil pan further. Below the lower limit mark of oil allowed to start the engine, if the oil height is too high, may be cooling water or gas into the box caused by the crankshaft. 3, to replace oil. First, select the appropriate oil, the more heat in the engine, when draining the oil sump oil drain plug and open the oil filter, release of waste oil. If the oil drain plug with a magnetic absorption of iron filings should be cleared. 4, cleaning oil Road grease. To be a net release of waste oil after the injection to dilute the engine oil pan through the filter of high-quality oil or diesel oil, and their number is equivalent to the standard of oil sump capacity of 60
% ~ 70%, and then run the engine idle speed 2 ~ 3min, and then put a net oil washing. 5, replacement of oil, it shall also replace the oil filter. 6, after the oil change should not hurry the road, check the lubrication of various parts of the Department of bolts and tubing joints, when running the engine idling signs of whether the oil spill; tubing should not be deflated or blockage of Au in order to ensure smooth flow of lubrication oil line.
Cai Fu too low, when the adoption of additional
C. 谁能告诉我有关各种阀门的英语翻译！！！
你要的基本上都有了，各种阀的名称、部件，相关用语。
如果你要各种阀门的解释，到这里
http://valve-2000.nease.net/shuyu.htm
CQ螺纹球阀 CQ Thread Ball Valves
L形三通式 L-pattern three way
T形三通式 T-pattern three way
安全阀 Safety valve
暗杆闸阀 Inside screw nonrising stem type gate valve
百叶窗; 闸板 shutter
百叶窗式挡板 louver damper
摆阀式活塞泵 swing gate piston pump
保温式 Steam jacket type
报警阀 alarm valve
报警阀; 信号阀; 脉冲阀 sentinel valve
背压调节阀 back pressure regulating valve
背压率 Rate of back pressure
本体阀杆密封 body stem seal
波纹管阀 Bellows valves
波纹管密封阀 bellow sealed valve
波纹管密封式 Bellows seal type
波纹管平衡式安全阀 Bellows seal balance safety valve
波纹管式减压阀 Bellows recing valve
波纹管式减压阀 Bellows weal recing valve
薄膜 thin film
薄膜; 隔膜 diaphragm
薄膜式减压阀 Diaphragm recing valve
薄型闸阀 Thin Gate Valves
不封闭式 Unseal type
槽车球阀 Tank Lorry Ball Valves
颤振 Flutter
常闭式 Normally closed type
常开式 Normally open type
超低温阀门 Cryogenic valve
超高压阀门 Super high pressure valve
超过压力 Overpressure of a safety valve
衬胶隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm
衬胶截止阀 rubber lined globe valve
垂直板式蝶阀 Vertical disc type butterfly valve
磁耦合截止阀 Magnetic Co-operate Globe Valves
带补充载荷的安全阀 Supplementary loaded safety valve
带辅助装置的安全阀 Assisted safety valve
单阀碟双面平行密封闸阀 parallel single disk gate valve
单口排气阀 Single Opening Exhaust Valves
单向阀 Non-return Valve
单闸板 Single gate disc
单闸板平板闸阀 Single Disc Flat Gate Valves
弹簧薄膜式减压阀 Spring diaphragm recing valve
弹簧式安全阀 Direct spring loaded safety valve
弹簧座 Spring plate
弹性闸板 Flexible gate disc
当量计算排量 Equivalent calculated capacity
挡板 damper
导阀 Pilot valve
导向套 Valve guide disc guide
低温阀门 Sub-zero valve
低压阀门 Low pressure valve
底阀 bottom valve
底阀 Foot valve
电磁动装置 Eletro magnetic actuator
电磁阀 magnetic valve
电磁阀 solenoid valve
电磁－液动装置 Eletro magnetichydraulic actuator
电动阀 mortor operated valve
电动阀 motorized valve
电动截止阀 Electric Actuated Stop Valves
电动平行式双闸板闸板 Electric Double Disk Parallel Gate Valves
电动楔式闸阀 Electric Actuated Wedge Gate Valves
电动装置 Electric actuator
电－液动装置 Eletro hydraulic actuator
电液伺服阀 electro-hydraulic servovalve
调节弹簧 Regulation spring
调节阀 adjusting valve
调节阀 control valve
调节阀 regulating valve
调节螺套 Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw
调节圈 Adjusting ring
蝶板 Disc
蝶阀；瓣阀 butterfly valve
蝶阀；瓣阀；拍门；铰链阀 flap valve
蝶式缓冲止回阀 Butterfly Type Non-slam Check
蝶式止回阀 Butterfly swing check valve
定比减压阀 Proprutioning pressure recing valve
定差减压阀 Fixed differential recing valve
定值减压阀 Fixed pressure recing valve
动态特性 Dynamic characteristics
对焊连接阀 Buttwelding valves
对夹蝶板阀 Wafer plate valves
对夹式衬胶蝶阀 Wafer Type Butterfly Valves with Rubber Itning
对夹式阀门 Clamp valves
对夹式止回阀 Wafer Check Valves
额定排量 Certified capacity
额定排量系数 Derated coefficient of discharge
二通阀 Two-way valves
阀 valve
阀板 valve deck plate
阀板 valve plate
阀板式活塞泵 valve deck plate type piston pump
阀板式活塞泵 valve plate type piston pump
阀瓣 Disc
阀操纵杆 valve operating rod
阀痤槽 valve seat recess
阀挡 valve grid
阀挡 valve positioner
阀挡 valve stop
阀导杆 valve tail rod
阀导向器 valve guide
阀盖 bonnet
阀盖衬套 bonnet bush
阀盖垫片 bonnet gasket
阀杆 stem
阀杆 valve rod
阀杆 valve spindle
阀杆端部尺寸 Dimmension of valve stem end
阀杆环 stem ring
阀杆螺母 Yoke bushing Yoke nut
阀杆填料 stem packing
阀杆头部尺寸 Dimension of valve stem head
阀簧 valve spring
阀簧压板 valve spring plate
阀控水锤泵 valve-controlled hydraulic ram
阀框架 valve yoke
阀门 Valve
阀门传动装置 valve bandle set
阀门和管件 Valves and Fittings
阀门盘根 valve packing
阀门手柄 valve handle
阀盘 disc
阀盘 valve disc
阀片 Disc
阀球 valve ball
阀驱动臂 valve driving arm
阀驱动臂 valve motion arm
阀式活塞 valve type piston
阀式活塞 valve type bucket
阀室式活塞泵 valve box type piston pump
阀室式活塞泵（美） valve pot type piston pump
阀抬起装置 valve lifting device
阀体 body
阀体 valve body
阀箱 valve box
阀箱 valve cage
阀箱 valve chest
阀箱；阀限位器 valve guard
阀箱盖 cover for valve box
阀箱盖 valve box cover
阀箱式活塞泵（美） turret type piston pump
阀形活塞泵 valve type piston pump
阀座 Seat ring
阀座 valve carrier
阀座 valve seat(body seat)
阀座；阀盘 valve seat
阀座环 seat ring
阀座密封嵌条 sealing strip for valve seat
法兰 flange
法兰堵头 blind flange
法兰端 flange end
法兰接头 flange joint
法兰连接紧固件（双头螺栓和螺帽） flange bolting
法兰密封面，法兰面 flange facing
法兰面加工 flange facing finish
法兰球阀 Flange Ball Valves
翻板阀 Flap
反冲盘 Disc holder
反向作用式减压阀 Reverse acting recing valve
反向作用式减压阀 Reverse acting recing valve
放空阀 emptying valve
放气阀 air vent valve;vent valve
放气阀；排气阀 air evacuation valve
放泄阀 escape valve
分置阀室式活塞泵 separate valve box type piston pump
分置阀室式活塞泵（美） side pot type piston pump
封闭式 Seal type
浮动式球阀 Float ball valve
浮球 Ball float
浮球阀 Float Valve
浮球式疏水阀 Ball float steam trap
浮球式疏水阀 Free Float Type Steam Trap
浮桶 Bucket float
浮桶式疏水阀 Open bucket steam trap
辅助（副）阀 Auxiliary valves
负荷率 Rate of load condensate
附加背压力 Superimposed back pressure
复位弹簧 Returnning spring
杠杆式 Lever type
杠杆式安全阀 Lever and weight loaded safety valve
杠杆式减压阀 Lever recing valve
高温阀门 High temperature valve
高压阀门 High pressure valve
格兰密封 gland
隔离阀 isolating valve
隔膜 Diaphragm
隔膜阀 diaphragm valve
隔膜式控制阀 diaphragm operated comtrol valve
工作背压 Operating back pressure
工作温度 Operating temperature
工作温度 Working temperature
工作压差 Operting differential pressure
工作压力 Operating pressure
工作压力 Working pressure
公称通径 Nominal diameter
公称压力 Nominal pressure
固定式球阀 Fixed ball valve
关闭压力 Lockup pressure
关阀过冷度 Subcooled temperature of close valve
关阀温度 Closing valve temperature
管道安全阀 Piping Safety Valves
过冷度 Subcoold temperature
过流阀(或节流阀) Restrictor Valves
喉径 Throat diameter
滑阀 slide valve
滑阀式回转活塞泵 rotary piston pump with slide gate
滑阀型转子泵 eccentric rotary pump with sliding sleeve
环形阀 annular valve
环形阀 double beat valve
换向阀 selector valve
换向阀 shuttle valve
回转滑阀活塞泵 piston pump with rotary gate
回座压力 Re-seating pressure of a safety valve
活塞昵减压阀 Piston recing valve
活塞式阀 piston valve
活塞式阀；柱塞式阀 plunger valve
活塞式减压阀 Piston recing valve
减速阀 Deceleration valves
减压比 Pressure recing ratio
减压阀 pressure recing valve
浆液阀 Parallel Slide Valves
角阀 Angle Valve
角阀 isolation valve angle configuration
角式 Angie type
角式节流阀 Angle Throttle Valves
角式截止阀 Angle Stop valves
铰链阀；片状阀 flapper valve
节流阀 throttle valve
节流阀 choke valve
节流阀；节流 throttle
结构长度 Face-to-face dimension ;End-to-end dimension; Face-to-centre dimension
结构形式 Type of construction
截止阀 Globe valve
截止阀 Shut-off Valve
截止阀；关断阀 shut-off valve
截止式隔膜阀 Globe diaphragm valve
紧急切断阀 Emergeny Cut-off Valves
进气阀 air intake valve
进水阀；进口阀门 inlet valve
静态特性 Static characteristics
静态特性偏差 Static characteristics derivation
开阀过冷度 Subcooled temperature of open valve
开阀温度 Opening valve temperature
开启高度 Lift
壳体试验 Shell test
壳体试验压力 Seal test pressure
空气阀门 Air valves
快速排污阀 Quick Draining Valves
类型 Type
冷凝结水排量 Cold condensate capacity
冷态试验差压力 Cold differential test pressure
理论排量 Theoretical flowing capacity
连接槽尺寸 Dimension of connecting channel
连接尺寸 Conncetion cimension
连接形式 Type of connection
帘面积 Curtain area
流道面积 Flow area
流道直径 Flow diameter
流量孔板 flow orifice plate
流量控制阀 flow control valve
流量特性 Flow characteristics
流量特性偏差 Flow characteristics derivation
漏汽量 Steam loss
脉冲式疏水阀 Impulse steam trap
密封面 Sealing face
密封试验 Seal test
密封试验压力 Seal test pressure
明杆平行式双闸板闸板 Double Disk Parallel Gate Valves
明杆闸阀 Outside screw stem rising through handwheel type gate valve
膜片 Diaphragm
内压自封 Pressure seat
逆止阀；止回阀 check valve
逆止阀；止回阀 non-return valve
逆止阀;止回阀;单向阀 check valve
排放背压力 Brilt-up back pressure
排放压力 Relieving pressure
排灰阀 Ash valves
排量系数 Coefficient of discharge
排气阀 air release valve
排气阀 Exhaust valves
排气阀 Vent Valve
排水阀 Drainage valves
排水温度 Temperature at discharging condensate
排污阀 blowdown valve
排污箱(阀) Waste Valves
排渣闸阀 Scum Gate Valves
盘阀 moushroom valve
盘状阀 plate valve
旁路阀 by pass valve
配汽活塞阀缸套 piston valve line
喷射阀 injection valve
喷射阀 sprayer valve
喷水阀 spray water valve
频跳 Chatter
平衡阀 Balance valves
平衡式 Balance type
平行式闸阀 Parallel gate valve Parallel slide valve
启闭件 Disc
启闭压差 Blowdown of a safety valve
起始升程 Commencement of lift
气动装置 Pneumatic actuator
气阀摇臂 valve arm
气－液动装置 Pneumatic-hydraulic actuator
潜水电泵(排污泵) Submerged Motor Pumps
切断阀;截止阀 block valve;shut-off valve;stop valve
切断式止回阀 stop check valve
切换阀;多向阀 changeover valve
球、球芯 Ball
球阀 Ball valve
球阀 globe valve
球体 Ball
全启式安全阀 Fall lift safety valve
热凝结水排量 Hot condensate capacity
入口隔离门 suction isolating valve
塞子 Plug
三通阀 three-way isolating valve
三通阀 three-way valve
三通式 Three way type
上密封 Back seat
上密封试验 Back seal test
渗漏量 Leckage
升降立式止回阀 Vertical lift check valve
升降式止回阀 Lift check valve
适用介质 Suitable medium
适用温度 Suitable temperature
手摇油泵(阀) Manual Oil Pumps Valves
疏水阀 drain valve
双金属片式疏水阀 Bimetal elements steam trap
双口排气球 Double Opening Exhaust Valves
双联弹簧式安全阀 Duplex safety valve
双闸板 Double gate disc
双闸板平板闸阀 Double Disc Flat Gate Valves
水封闸阀 Water Seal Gate Valves
水力喷射器(真空泵) Vacuum Pumps
伺服阀 servovalve
填料 Packing
填料垫 Packing seat
填料函 Stuffing
填料式旋塞阀 Gland packing plug valve
填料箱 Stuffing box
填料压盖 Gland
通气阀 breather valve
通气阀；呼吸器 breather
通用阀门 General valve
吐出阀；排出阀 discharge valve
吐出阀限位器 delivery valve guard
微启式安全阀 Low lift safety valve
微阻缓闭止回阀 Tiny Drag Slow Shut Check Valves
吻合度 Percent of contact area
蜗轮传动蝶阀 Butterfly Valves with Gear Actuator
蜗轮传动装置 Wormgear actuator
屋脊式隔膜阀 Weir diaphragm valve
无阀泵 valveless pump
无阀隔膜泵 valveless diaphragm pump
无阀振动泵 valveless vibration pump
无负荷漏汽量 No-load steam loss
无负荷漏汽率 Rate of no-load steam loss
吸（抽）气阀 Aspirating valves
吸入阀 suction valve
吸入阀限位器 suction valve guard
先导式安全阀 Pilot operated safety valve
先导式液压阀 Pilot-operated recing valve
相对静偏差 Relative static characteristics derivation
相对流量特性偏差 Relative flow characteristics derivation
相对压力特性偏差 Relative pressure characteristics derivation
销轴 Hinge pin
楔式闸阀 Wedge gate valve
斜板式蝶阀 Indined disc butterfly valve
泄料（放空，排污）阀 Blowdown valves
泄压阀 Decompression valves
泄压阀 pressure release valve
泄压阀；安全阀 relief valve
卸荷式减压阀 Balanced recing valve
型号 Type Model
旋启多瓣式止回阀 Multi-disc swing foot valve
旋启式止回阀 Swing check valve
旋启双瓣式底阀 Double disc swing foot valve
旋塞阀 Cock
旋塞阀 plug valve
压力（増压）阀 Pressure valve
压力调节阀；压力控制阀 pressure controlled valve
压力特性 Pressure characteristics
压力特性偏差 Pressure characteristics derivation
压力增长系数 Pressure increasing ratio
摇杆 Arm
液动装置 Hydraulic actuator
液化气管件 LPG Pipe Fitting
液下泵 Under Water Pumps
液压执行器 hydraulic actuator
仪表针形截止阀 Meter Needle Type Globe Valves
溢流阀 overflow valve
翼形阀；锥形阀 wing valve
油封式旋塞阀 Lubricated plug valve
有阀翼板 double acting wing
有阀翼板 wing with valve
有负荷漏汽量 Load steam loss
有负荷漏汽率 Rate of load steam loss
圆板阀；圆盘阀 disc valve
圆盘式疏水阀 Shemostatic team trap
圆柱齿轮传动装置 Cylindrical gear actuator
圆锥齿轮传动装置 Conical gear actuator
闸板 Wedge disc
闸板式隔膜阀 Wedge diaphragm valve
闸阀 gate valve
闸阀 sluice valve
针形阀 Pintle valve ; Needle valve
真空破坏阀 vacuum breaker valve
蒸汽疏水阀 Automatic steam trap Trap
整定压力 Set pressure
正向作用式减压阀 Direct acting recing valve
支架 Yoke
直接载荷式安全阀 Direct loaded safety valve
直接作用式减压阀 Direct-acting recing valve
直流式 Y-globe type
直流式截止阀 Oblique Stop Valve
直通单向阀 inline check valve
直通单向阀 straightway check valve
直通阀 Throughway Valve
止回阀 Check Valve
止回阀；回流阀 reflux valve
制动阀 Brake valves
中压阀门 Middle pressure valve
钟形浮子式疏水阀 Inverted bucket steam trap
钟形罩 Inverted bucket
轴套 Axis Guide
主阀 Main valve
主要外形尺寸 Prime out-form dimensions
主要性能参数 Specifeca tion speeification
注液漏斗阀 Priming Tundish Valve
柱塞阀 Plunger valve
柱塞截止阀 Plunger Globe Valve
柱塞型摆动阀 rocking plunger valve
撞击手轮 Impact handwheel
锥形阀；翼形阀 conical valve
自动循环阀 Automatic Recirculation Valve
组合阀 Combination valves
最大过冷度 Maximum subcoold temperature
最大流量 Maximum flow rate
最大压差 Maximum differential pressure
最低工作压力 Minimum operating pressure
最高背压率 Maximum rate of back pressure
最高工作背压 Maximum operating back pressure
最高工作温度 Maximum operating temperature
最高工作压力 Maximum operating pressure
最高排水温度 Maximum temperature at discharging
最高允许温度 Maximum allwable temperature
最高允许压力 Maximum allowable pressure
最小过冷度 Minimum subcooled temperature
最小压差 Minimum differntial pressure
D. 100分求助，电气专业英语资料翻译
人工翻译，供参考。
The previous control methods are feasible only when the fuel cells model is accurate enough and the controllers were developed assuming a perfect knowledge of the operating conditions for the fuel cell system.
如果拥有足够精确的燃料电池模型，并在完全弄清楚该模型操作条件的情况下开发出控制装置，则前述的控制方法是可行的。
Plant uncertainties, such as changes in the membrane properties over time or variation in the ambient temperature, can affect the performance of the resulting control system, and, hence, more robust control design techniques should be investigated to guarantee system performance.
但是，厂房（工作环境）的不确定性，如随着时间的推移产生的膜变以及环境温度的变化，可能对控制系统的性能造成影响，所以，应研究出更强大的控制设计技术以保证系统的性能和运行。
In addition, most of the mentioned control algorithms are aimed at the PEMFC electrical power control, while the PEMFC temperature control is taken as supplement for power control, not even to consider the coolant circuit control design.
此外，前面提到的大多数控制技术仅着眼于质子交换膜燃料电池的电动控制，而质子交换膜燃料电池的温度控制仅是电动控制的一个方面，它甚至没有考虑冷却液的回路控制设计。
Therefore, it is necessary to develop an accurate and simple coolant circuit model, and find suitable control method for dynamic temperature control.
因此,开发一个简单和准确的冷却液回路模型，并找到动态温度控制方法是十分必要的。
Generally, circulating coolant can be applied in removing the excess heat of the PEMFC whose electrical power exceeds 5 kW.
通常，冷却液的循环流动可带走质子交换膜燃料电池产生的、电功率超过5千瓦的余热。
In order to efficiently control the PEMFC temperature, a coolant circuit of a PEMFC is modeled based on the physical molar conservation principles and the energy balance theory.
为了有效控制质子交换膜燃料电池的温度，质子交换膜燃料电池的冷却回路模型采用物质质量守恒定理和能量交换原理而进行设计。
However, the performance of the generalized controller largely depends on the availability of an accurate model.
然而，广义控制装置的性能在很大程度上取决于一个准确模型的建立。
As a consequence, the application of conventional control strategies may lead to unacceptable closed loop performances.
而采用常规控制技术则可能会导致一种无法预料的结果，即回路关闭。
The controller must be robust to uncertainty in a non-conservative manner and must meet closed loop objectives such as tracking, regulation and disturbance attenuation.
若采用非常规方式来消除不确定性，控制装置的功能就必须足够强大以应对回路的关闭，如必须具有跟踪、 调节和衰减控制等功能。
Compared with conventional control strategies, fuzzy control is appropriate to use in temperature control applications because it is faster and cheaper to develop and easier to implement.
与常规控制技术相比，由于开发时间短、成本低且容易实现，模糊控制技术在温度控制方面的应用非常广泛。
It takes the advantage of the synthesis of the knowledge which is provided by human expertise (in the form of IFeTHEN rules), especially when the process model is unknown.
该技术采用专家综合分析系统（运用IFeTHEN推定法则），特别是当过程模型未知时应用该技术效果会更理想。
So the incremental fuzzy control with integrator technique is designed according to the established model and control experience rule.
鉴于此，通过建立控制法则和经验模型，研发设计出了增量模糊控制与集成技术。
The PEMFC temperature and coolant inlet temperature are controlled by regulating the circulating coolant flux and bypass valve factor respectively.
这样，对质子交换膜燃料电池温度和冷却液入口温度的控制，分别通过对回路中冷却液流量和分流系数的调节而得以实现。
E. 请问这句英语该如何翻译
看样子你是在做塑胶挤出方面的或制药等其它相似生产，我也不懂生产，但大体能猜出一二，你参考一下，结合实际生产流程，自己整理一下。这东西不懂实际情况，等于闭门造车。所谓差之毫厘，失之千里。仅供参考。
由于挤出机旁通阀转换之前有一个时间延迟的效果（按每分钟设定挤出数不同），在生产开始阶段颗粒的挤出数量会不同，根据不同设定的生产量，会存在几个单位的出入。
Pellet指小药丸或类似于老鼠屎的椭圆型颗粒。
F. 英语翻译 机械 可以接受字典翻译 但请麻烦手工改准确些
- Numberof Set – 2 套数--2
- PVC free liner maximum weight – 0.28 gr.PVC衬垫的最大重量--0.28克
- Compressedair consumption - ?要锁空气消耗量-？
- Estimated average Absorbed Power - ?预估的吸收功率-？
- Refrigeration Power Consumption - ?制冷消耗功率-？
- Maximum average room temperature up to 30 degree centigrade without air conditioning for control panel. Maximum average room temperature up to 50 degree centigradewith air conditioning for control panel 无空调控制时最高平均室温达到30℃，有空调控制时最高平均室温达到50℃
1. Tooling for Lining Machine.设备内衬的工具
2. Compound Feeder (Automatic device for compound feeding)复合加料器（复合加料的自动设备）
3. CoolingConveyor (Conveyor belt suitable for the cap cooling)输送机冷却（输送机皮带适合冷却盖）
4. RefrigerationUnit (Refrigeration unit cooled air suitable for outdoor installation withoutroof, which provides at least 25,000 Kcal/h. -5 degree C outlet watertemperature, ambient temperature +45 degree C, Refrigerant R407, to be equippedwith Internal tank, Automatic bypass valve over pressure, water filter ondelivery and axial fans.空调单元（空调单元冷却气适合户外安装）最小能够提供25000KCAL/H的能力，-5℃出水温度，环境温度45℃，空调工质R407, 装有内部罐，自动的旁通阀泄压，水过滤器和轴流式风扇。
5. Intercoolerpiping/machine中冷管道/设备
不是太清楚你这个是什么设备，有些翻译不好处理。
G. 请教各类消防器材标准英文术语
<1> abandonment 离弃（指见死不救的行为）
<2> abatement of smoke 消减烟雾（法）
<3> ABC extinguisher [消]ABC灭火器（能用来扑灭A、B、C类火灾的灭火器）
<4> ABC method 心肺复苏法
<5> ABC powder extinguishing agent [消]ABC 干粉灭火剂（适用于扑救A类、B类和C类火灾的干粉灭火剂）
<6> ablation characteristics 烧蚀特征
<7> ablation of melting body 熔融物体的烧蚀
<8> ablation-proct radiation 烧蚀生成物的辐射
<9> abnormal combustion 异常燃烧（发动机爆震，早燃等不正常的总称）
<10> abnormal condition 反常情况，不正常状态，非正常状态
<11> absolute temperature 绝对温度
<12> absolute temperature scale 绝对温标
<13> absorbed gas 吸收状态气体（或瓦斯）
<14> absorbent for confining spills 限制溢出物蔓延的吸收性材料
<15> Acceptance check and reception systems of plant 设备验收交接制度
<16> Acceptance regulation of equipment repair quality 设备修理质量验收制度
<17> Accessible Means of Egress 易通行的疏散通道
<18> Accident e to quality 质量事故
<19> Accident management regulation of plant 设备事故管理制度
<20> Accommodation stairway 简易楼梯
<21> acousto-optic effect 声光效应
<22> Added value rate of plant assets 设备资产增值率
<23> Addressable alarm system 可编程（址）报警系统
<24> Adjustable piston valve 活动式汽阀
<25> Adjustable pressure limiting valve 可调限压阀
<26> Adjustable retrictor valve 可调节流阀
<27> Aerial extinguisher 航空灭火装置
<28> Aerial ladder fire truck 云梯消防车
<29> Afterbirth-like crystal 胞状晶
<30> Agricultural fire pump 农用消防泵
<31> Air inlet 进风口
<32> Air lift pump 气泡泵
<33> Air pressure balance for fire control 均压防灭火
<34> Air－foam fire branch 空气泡沫枪
<35> Air-lift pump 气升泵
<36> Airport crash fire vehicle 机场消防车
<37> Alarm 报警
<38> Alarm (in control room) （控制室内）报警
<39> Alarm and protection system 报警保护系统
<40> Alarm device 报警装置
<41> Alarm display panel 报警显示器
<42> Alarm for voltage 电压报警器
<43> Alarm gamma ray survey 报警器伽玛测量
<44> Alarm of fire 火灾警报
<45> Alarm pressure 报警压力
<46> Alarm signal 报警信号
<47> Alarm system 报警系统
<48> Alarm unit 报警单元
<49> Alcohol resistant foam concentrate 抗溶泡沫液
<50> Alert data 报警数据
<51> Amino group powder 氨基干粉
<52> 安全方面的危险
<53> Analog warning accuracy 模拟报警精度
<54> analog warning test 模拟报警试验
<55> analogue detection and alarm system 模拟量探测报警系统
<56> Ancient and rare trees 古树名木
<57> Annular pressure loss 环空泵压损失
<58> Anti-burning mechanical draft cooling tower 阻燃型冷却塔
<59> Anti-collision warning device 防碰报警装置
<60> Appliance carrying fire vehicle 器材消防车
<61> Aqueous film forming foam concentrate 水成膜泡沫液
<62> arc resistance 耐电弧性
<63> Area of Refuge 避难区域
<64> Areal (departmental) repair center 地区（部门）修理中心
<65> Arson 放火
<66> Automatic explosion suppression system 自动抑爆系统
<67> Automatic fire a1arm system 火灾自动报警系统
<68> Automatic fire alarm system 火灾自动报警系统
<69> automatic fire equipment 自动消防设备
<70> Automatic fire signa1 自动火灾信号
<71> automatic light control 自动光强控制装置
<72> Automatic sprinkling fire extinguishing system 自动喷水灭火系统
<73> Auxiliary fire vehicle 后援消防车
<74> average deviation 平均偏差
<75> Average pump pressure 平均泵压
<76>a.a.r against all risk 综合险，保一切险，保全险
<77>AA auto-alarm 自动报警
<78>AAB Aircraft Accident Board 飞行事故调查委员会
<79>AAC automat and automatical control 自动装置与自动控制
<80>AACC American automatic control council 美国自动控制委员会
<81>AACC American Association for Contamination control 美国控制污染协会
<82>AAE American Association of Engineers 美国工程师协会
<83>AAEC Australian Atomic Energy commission 澳大利亚原子能委员会
<84>AAEE American Association of Electrical Engineers 美国电气工程师委员会
<85>AAJ Architectural Association of Japan 日本建筑协会
<86>AAR aircraft accident report 飞机事故报告
<87>AAS American Association for the advancement of Science 美国科学促进协会
<88>Ab air-breaker 空气断路器
<0> baby Bangor [消]小拉梯〈一种没有绳索和滑轮的拉梯，主要用于建筑物内部〉
<1> back flame [消]复燃火焰〈熄灭后再燃的火焰〉
<2> back pack [消]背包式灭火器〈背负的五加仑灭火器，内装泵，用于扑救草地和灌木丛〉
<3> back pack pump tank 背负式带泵灭火器
<4> back pack pump tank fire extinguisher [消]小型背负泵式灭火器
<5> back pressure valve 止回阀，背压阀
<6> back scattering 反向（后向）散射
<7> back stair 后楼梯，辅助楼梯
<8> back staircase 后楼梯，辅助楼梯间
<9> back step [消]（消防车的）后踏板
<10> back stopping [矿]上向梯段回采
<11> back strack 由原路退回
<12> back stretch [消]反向铺设水带
<13> back up 1、备用的，候补的2、倒转，回退
<14>
<15> back-up battery 备用电源
<16> back-up breaker 备用断路器
<17> Back-up safety functions 辅助安全功能
<18> baffle 1、隔板 2、[消]水箱隔板 3、隔火板 4、缓冲板 5、导流叶片 6、遮护物
<19> balanced system 1、[消]均衡系统 2、均衡系统，对称系统
<20> Balancing pressure on stopping 均压防灭火
<21> ball blanket [消]塑料球覆盖层
<22> ball cock 浮球阀
<23> ball hydrant [消]球形消防栓
<24> ballast tank 1、压载水枪 2、压载舱
<25> ball-float liquid-level meter 球形浮子液面计
<26> Base injection foam extinguishing system 液下喷射泡沫灭火系统
<27> Beat fireproof 建防火带
<28> Bell character 报警字符
<29> Biological Chip 生物芯片
<30> biplane butterfly valve 平板蝶阀
<31> Blower extinguishment 风机灭火
<32> Blow-off valve seat 放水阀座
<33> Boiler safety valve 安全阀
<34> Boilor check valve seat 止回阀座
<35> Branch crystal 树枝晶
<36> Budget of installation 安装预算
<37> bulk range 喷射距离
<38> Burn (Verb) 燃烧(动词)
<39> Burning behaviour 燃烧性能
<40> Bursting 爆裂
<41> butterfly valve 蝴蝶阀
<42> by-pass valve 旁通阀
<0> Cabinet extinguishing equipment 柜式灭火装置
<1> Cabinet foam extinguishing eguipment 柜式泡沫灭火装置
<2> cabinet foam extinguishing equipment [消]柜式泡沫灭火装置
<3> cabinet type hose washing machine [消]柜式洗水带机
<4> cable line-type fixed temperature detector [消]缆式线型定温探测器〈采用缆式线结构的线型定温探测器〉
<5> cable tray fire break 电缆槽盒阻火物
<6> cable vault 电缆进线室
<7> cable-tray penetration 电缆槽盒穿透（度）
<8> cable-tray temperature sensor 缆式温度传感器
<9> calamity damage insurance 火灾保险
<10> calculation of probabilities [林]可能性推算
<11> calibration criterion 校准标准
<12> call back 1、[消]火灾报警箱 2、[英]公用电话亭 3、[消]召回
<13> Calorific potential 潜热能
<14> camp boss [林]营地管理员〈负责建立和管理一个消防营地的人〉
<15> campaign fire [林]战役火灾〈要花一天以上才能扑灭的森林火灾〉
<16> campfire [林]营火
<17> camshaft 凸轮轴，分配轴
<18> can [口][消]灭火器
<19> Canadian Association of fire Chiefs 加拿大消防长官协会
<20> Canadian Association of fire Investigators 加拿大火灾调查委员会
<21> Canadian Automotive Rescue Society 加拿大汽车救援协会
<22> Canadian Centre for Emergency Preparedness 加拿大应急准备中心
<23> Candela 坎德拉
<24> Capital investment recovery period of plant 设备投资产出比
<25> Carbon dioxide extinguishing agent 二氧化碳灭火剂
<26> Carbon dioxide extinguishing system 二氧化碳灭火系统
<27> Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher 二氧化碳灭火器
<28> Carbon dioxide fire vehicle 二氧化碳消防车
<29> casting-state structure 铸态组织
<30> Catchpit 集流坑
<31> Ceiling screen 挡烟垂壁
<32> Central alarm station 中央报警站
<33> Central fire alarm control unit 集中火灾报警控制器
<34> Centralized maintenance 集中维修
<35> centrifugal pump 离心泵
<36> Centrifugal pump drainage 离心泵排水
<37> Centrifugal water pump 离心式水泵
<38> Check point 检测点
<39> Check valve 止回阀
<40> Chemical foam 化学泡沫
<41> Chemical reaction extinguisher 化学反应式灭火器
<42> Chemical reaction fire extinguisher 化学反应式灭火器
<43> Chimney effect 烟囱效应
<44> Chip 芯片
<45> Chute rail smoke extinguishing system 滑道架式烟雾灭火系统
<46> CIF of imported equipment 进口设备到岸价
<47> city fire station 城镇消防站
<48> city path for fire wehicles 城镇消防通道
<49> Claims for equipment 设备索赔
<50> Class A A类火
<51> Class B B类火
<52> Class C C类火
<53> Class D D类火
<54> class of safety protection 安全防护等级
<55> Classified management of plant 设备分级管理
<56> CO&sub2; fire extinguishing system 二氧化碳灭火
<57> Cocrystallization 共晶体
<58> Coefficient of pump pressure 泵压系数
<59> Coercionary service system 强制保养制
<60> coercive force 矫顽力
<61> Combination of design, manufacturing and operation 设计、制造与使用相结合
<62> combination of professional management and mass management 专业管理与群众管理相结合
<63> Combination of repair, modernization and renewal 修理、改造与更新相结合
<64> Combination of service and planned maintenance 维护与计划检修相结合
<65> combination of technical management and economic management 技术管理与经济管理相结合
<66> Combination type fire detector 复合式火灾探测器
<67> Combined agent extinguishing system 混合灭火系统
<68> Combined extinguishing 综合灭火
<69> Combined maintenance 混合维修
<70> Combined smoke and powder extinguishing system 烟雾干粉联用灭火系统
<71> combustibility 可燃性
<72> Combustiblc 可燃的
<73> Combustion 燃烧
<74> Command and communication fire vehicle 通讯指挥消防车
<75> Commodity inspection 商检（商品检验）
<76> complete discharge 完全喷射
<77> Complete set of plant 设备的成套性
<78> Complexity coefficient of repair 修理复杂系数
<79> Comprehensive utilization ratio of plant 设备综合利用率
<80> Compressed air pump drainage 压气泵排水
<81> Constitution ratio of plant 设备构成比
<82> containment spray system 安全壳喷淋系统[压水堆]
<83> contract change and cancellation 合同变更与解除
<84> control valve 调节阀
<85> Coordinate Bond 配价键
<86> Coordination Compound 配位化合物
<87> Copper 铜
<88> core spray system 堆芯喷淋系统[沸水堆]
<89> Corridor 走廊
<90> cost for re-building the historical and cultural relics 文物建筑重建费
<91> Criticality alarm system 临界报警系统
<92> crystal boundary 晶界
<93> Crystal particle 晶粒
<94> ctric spark 电火花
<95> Current consumption at alarm 报警电流
<96> current density 电流密度
<97> cyindrical plug valve 圆柱形转阀
<98> cylindrical crystal 柱状晶
<99> cylindrical valve 圆筒阀
<100>CAFS compressed air foam system [消]压缩空气泡沫系统
<0> dabo 护墙板，墙裙
<1> Dahill hoist 达希尔升降机〈一种以压缩气体为动力的升降机〉
<2> daily burning cycle [林]日火烧周期〈24小时的燃烧周期，从上午10算起〉
<3> daily activity level [林]日常活动等级
<4>
<5>
<6> damage 损害，损失
<7> damage area [消]1、烧毁面积 2、受损地区，毁坏地区
<8> damage control tender [消]防损车〈用于预防或减少灭火战斗中水渍等损失的消防车〉
<9> damage length 烧毁长度〈烧毁面积在特定的方向的最大距离〉
<10> damagerous articles package 危险品包装
<11> Damkohler number 丹姆克尔数
<12> damming 修筑隔墙
<13> damp atmosphere 湿大气
<14> damp down fire (用沙子灭等)灭火，消火
<15> damped 被（瓦斯）窒息的
<16> damper control 风门控制装置
<17> damposcope 爆炸瓦斯指示器
<18> danger index [林]火险指数
<19> danger meter [林]火险尺（法）
<20> Dangerous Chemical Substances or Hazardous Chemicals 化学危险物品
<21> data processing system security 数据处理系统安全性
<22> Data security 数据安全
<23> Date of resial magnetism 剩磁数据
<24> dead air 1、含有大量CO2的空气。2、停滞不流动的空气
<25> Dead end 袋形走道（死胡同）
<26> dead fuel [林]死可燃物
<27> dead out [消]熄灭〈火灾的一个阶段，这时灭火的所有阶段，包括巡逻阶段都已完成〉
<28> dead spot [电]哑点〈指信号接受很弱或完全收不到的地理位置〉
<29> dead-end main 尽头管〈一头封闭的自来水总管〉
<30> dead-man abort switch 常闭式紧急停车开关
<31> deaths per fire 每次火灾造成的死亡人数
<32> debris (火灾)废墟
<33> decabromodiphenyl oxide 葵溴二苯醚
<34> deceleration valve 减速阀
<35> Decentralized maintenance 分散维修
<36> Deck foam fire extinguishing system 甲板泡沫灭火系统
<37> deck foam system [消]车载泡沫系统
<38> decomposition gas 分解气体（爆破时的）
<39> deepseated fire [消]深位火（灾）
<40> defence attack [消]防御性灭火
<41> deficiency point [险]扣除的分数
<42> Deflagration 爆燃
<43> deflagration phenomenon [消]爆燃现象
<44> deflagration behavior [消]爆燃特性，爆燃行为
<45> deflagration front [消]爆燃的正面
<46> deflagration suppression [消]爆燃抑制
<47> delayed-action time of discharge 喷射滞后时间
<48> Deluge system 雨淋灭火系统
<49> Depth of pump installation 水泵下置深度
<50> Depth of pump tube installation 泵管下置深度
<51> Descent control device 缓降器
<52> Design and construction of equipment foundation 设备基础设计与施工
<53> Detecting element 检测元件
<54> Detection 检测
<55> Detection pressure 探测压力
<56> Detection threshold 检测阈
<57> Detector 检测器
<58> Detonation 爆轰
<59> Deviation alarm sensor 偏差报警检测器
<60> device for controlling automatic fire equipments 自动消防设备控制装置
<61> Devision of safe degree 安全程度分区
<62> diamagnetism 抗磁性
<63> Diameter of pump tube 泵管直径
<64> difficult-flammability 难燃性
<65> difficult-flammble 难燃的
<66> Dip time 灭火剂浸渍时间
<67> Direct extinguishing 直接灭火
<68> Discard of plant 设备报废
<69> Discharge rate 疏散率
<70> Discharge value 疏散流量
<71> discharge valve 排气阀
<72> Distress alerting 遇险报警
<73> document content security 文件内容安全性
<74> documentation security 文件(系统)安全性
<75> domestic proction management of imported spare parts 备件国产化管理
<76> Down time ratio to accident (failure) 事故〔故障〕停机率
<77> Downtime quota for equipment repair 设备管理停歇时间定额（停歇天数）
<78> Draft 抽力
<79> Drain-pipe 排水泵
<80> Drencher system 水幕系统
<81> Drift smoke 漂移烟
<82> drip valve 滴水阀
<83> Dry sprinkler system 干式喷水灭火系统
<84> Dry test meter 干式检测计
<85> Durability of plant 设备的耐用性
<86> Duration of fire resistance 耐火极限
<87> Dynamic test 动态试验
<88> Dysprosium 镝
<89>DDT deflagration to detonation transision 爆燃到爆轰的跃进
H. 有英语高手吗帮我翻译下，谢谢！
纯手工翻译，质量保证。
As against an inlet manifold engine of the same power, the turbo engine requires a smaller installation space and as such has a better power-weight ratio.
与相同功率的进气歧管发动机的相比，涡轮增压发动机需要相对较小的安装空间，同时也具有较好的功率重量比。
The exhaust turbo-charger has, as its main parts, a compressor and an exhaust turbine, whose gears are fitted on to a common shaft.
排气涡轮增压器的主要部件包括压缩机和排气涡轮，此二者的齿轮上被安装在一个共同的轴上。
The exhaust turbine converts a part of its exhaust energy into rotational energy and drives the compressor. This sucks fresh air and supplies the pre-compressed air through turbo-air cooler, throttle valve and inlet manifold to engine.
排气涡轮将排出的能量转化为旋转动能，并以此驱动压缩机。这样一来可以吸入新空气，并能将其预压缩，依次通过增压空气冷却器、节流阀和进气歧管，最终供给发动机。
Positioning element for exhaust turbo-charging.
排气涡轮的定位元件
The petrol engine has, e to its throttled air intake, a large range of variation in exhaust mass flow compared to the Diesel engine. An optimal adaptation of the exhaust turbine is possible only for a limited range. Passenger car engines must reach a high torque even at low speeds. Therefore the turbine housing is designed for a small exhaust mass flow, e.g., full load at n = 2000 min-1.
由于进气口的限流，相比柴油发动机，汽油发动机的排气流量有大范围的变化。最佳的排气涡轮可能仅适有限的范围。轿车发动机必须达到低转速下的高扭矩。因此，涡轮增压器是专为小排气流量设计的，例如满负荷时，转速2000 min - 1。
In order that exhaust turbo-charger does not now overload the engine, in the event of large flows of exhaust mass, a part of this flow in this range must be taken past the turbine through a bypass valve (“Waste gate”) to the exhaust system. Usually, this bypass valve is integrated in the turbine housing as butterfly valve. Use of poppet valve in a separate housing parallel to turbine is seldom.
为了防止废气不使发动机超载，在大量气体流经时，一部分气流，必须通过旁通阀（“废门”）流出。通常，该旁路阀集成在蝶阀涡轮作为外壳存在。很少有作为单独的外壳，而与水轮机并行的情况。
Electronic supercharging pressure regulation
电子增压调节
In a pneumatic-mechanical regulation, the positioning element of turbo-charger is directly exposed to the supercharging pressure from compressor outlet. Hereby, the torque-characteristics over engine speed can be selected only in very narrow limits. There is only one full load limit over the load. The tolerances can not be regulated as for degree of supercharging at full load. In part loads the closed bypass valve worsens the efficiency. Acceleration from low engine speed can lead to a delayed response of exhaust turbocharger (conspicuous “hole in turbo-charge”.
在气动机械调节中，涡轮增压器的定位元件会直接暴露在压缩机出口的巨大气压下，在这种情况下，发动机的扭矩特性只能在很窄的范围内选择。我们知道，满载时只能有一个满载极限。在满载的时候，偏差不能在增压中进行调节。因此，随着旁通阀关闭，部分负载的效率也随之降低。所以说，低转速发动机的加速可能导致废气涡轮增压器延迟反应（被称为，充电的空穴）。
不懂地方可以发消息问我。我也有不熟悉的专业词汇。：）
I. 英语load on bypass怎么翻译
这个要根据不同的上下文和情景：
在计算机术语中是：绕行加载（某种程序或指令）。
在机械仿真制图中是一种：旁路载荷 指令。
在工业制造中是：旁路载荷。和bearing load主承重，挤压对比来看。
来自飞机研究所刘秀丽论文
J. 英语翻译
A one-way valve
First, through a one-way valve
Introction
A one-way valve allows fluid flow is only in one direction flows, and does not allow the reverse flow valve. It can be used for the export of hydraulic pumps, oil backflow prevention system; separated Circuit for the link between the prevention Circuit interfere with each other; also can be used for bypass valve, and the sequence valve, pressure recing valve, throttle and Speed Control Valve parallel to the order to form a one-way valve, and one-way pressure recing valve, and one-way one-way throttle speed control valve.
A one-way valve selection should be based on different occasions one-way valve, opening its pressure for the selection of back-pressure valve opening pressure generally higher one-way valve is a one-way flow control oil as a one-way valve, the choice of opening pressure on the lower one-way valve.
The main one-way valve for the following:
1, the installation of a hydraulic pump oil in the mouth, in order to prevent a sudden increase system pressure hydraulic pump damage. To prevent system downtime oil in the pump to the fuel tank, turn the clock back.
2, installed in the back to Circuit as a back-pressure valve.
3, and the other valve block of one-way control valve.
Second, the one-way valve fluid control
Introction
A one-way valve allows fluid control the flow of fluid flow in one direction, the reverse opened hydraulic control must be achieved through the one-way valve. Fluid control valve can be used as one-way Second-off valve; pressure valve can also be encumbered or vertical hydraulic cylinder supports valve; charged with two of the one-way valve can be combined into a "hydraulic lock."