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关于防疫我们应该怎么做英语作文

发布时间: 2021-01-07 04:09:47

⑴ 关于预防SARS.保持健康,我们该做些什么 英语作文60词

标题:复制What we should do to prevent us from SARS
正文:
In order to prevent us from SARS,we should take some measures.
Firstly,we can't go to the places full of people to prevent us from the respiratory tract infection and we should wear respirators when going out.Secondly,we must remember to wash our hands before dinner.Thirdly,we should take more exercise to stong our body.Besides,we should keep up a good state of mind.
Only we do it like that can we win the fight against SARS.

希望能帮助你!!

⑵ 疾病的控制和预防英语作文 求简单一点 最好有中文翻译

y English teacher.Ms. Gao our English teacher is my favorite person.She is slim and beautiful with curly,long hair. She is in her early thirties. She is always full of energy and her lessons are always well-prepared . All of us like her lessons very much because we can gain much from her lessons. Besides, I admire that she is always friendly and kind so she can make friends easily with us outside the classroom. When we have any difficulties, we all like asking her for help.Ms.Gao is truly a wise teacher. 高老师我的最喜欢的人,她身材苗条、漂亮、卷花头长发。她30出头。她总是精力充沛,她的课总是精心准备。我们都喜欢上她的课因为我们可以从她的课收获很多。此外,我钦佩她总是很友善,因此她总能轻松地在课下和我们交朋友。当我们遇到困难总喜欢象她求教。高老师的确是相当聪明的老师。2. An unforgetable experienceLast week, I came across a stray dog when I was taking a walk in my neighborhood. It was a cold day, and there was nobody around. I stopped and he looked at me helplessly. “What a poor dog!” I thought. Then I decided to bring him home. When we got back home, I gave him some food and drinks and played with him, but it seemed that he was a little sad. I knew he was missing his owner. What could I do? I came up with an idea. Then I put up a ‘Dog-Found-Notice’ at the gate of our neighborhood with the help of Dad. A few days later, the owner of the dog came to my house. I was very happy to see the little dog go home with his owner, and I feel proud that I was able to give others a helping hand. 上周当我在社区散步时遇到了一只流浪狗,天气很冷,周围没有人。我停了下来,他无助地望着我。我想“多么可怜的狗呀!”然后我决定把他带回家。当我们回到家,我喂给他吃的,给他喝的,并和他一起玩耍。但他似乎有点悲伤。我知道他在想念他的主人。我该怎么做?我想到了个注意。然后我在父亲的帮助下在小区门口贴了个寻狗启示。几天后,狗的主人来到我家,我非常高兴看到小狗随主人回了家。给他人帮助我感到很自豪。

⑶ 如何预防疾病英语作文60词左右代翻译

健康是什么?健康就是身体、心里没有疾病,发育完全良好!
What is health? Health is to the body, heart disease, fully developed good!
健康,也是整整陪伴我们十几年得好伙伴,好朋友,我们可以说是形影不离!
Health, is also the whole with us more than ten years is a good partner, good friends, we can say is inseparable.
健康,是我们一直追求,一直向往的目标!一个人如果拥有了健康的身体,健康的文化,健康的心理,就是非常非常开心、自豪的事情!如果我们做到了这三点,就是减少了我们人生大道的绊脚石,也就是为我们今后的幸福生活铸造了一个良好的基础。
Health, is our pursuit, has been always aspire to the goal! If a person have a healthy body, a healthy culture, psychological health, is very, very happy and proud! If we do this at 3 o 'clock, is to rece our life road, is also for our future happiness life of casting a good foundation.
拥有健康的身体,应该从一点一滴做起!如:不偏食、不厌食、不挑食!并且要做到每天体育锻炼!还有多喝水,多吃水果。
Have a healthy body, should start from every little bit! Such as: partial eclipse, anorexia, not picky about food! And to do exercise every day! And drink more water, eat more fruit.
拥有健康的文化,应该从自我控制力做起!在学习文化知识的时候,不但应学习教科书上的内容,也应该多阅读课外读物!节假日也应该到图书馆去借阅书籍,在阅读的时候,难免会有许多少年不宜读、不宜看、不健康的东西,这就需要我们自我约束!吮吸精华,合理地去吸收!这样,就会使我们保持文化健康。
Have a healthy culture, should start from the self-control! When to learn cultural knowledge, not only should learn the content of the textbook, should also read extracurricular books! Holidays should also went to the library borrowing books, at the time of reading, one will have many young should not be read, not seeing, unhealthy things, this needs us self-discipline! Suck the essence, reasonably to absorb! So, it will enable us to maintain a healthy culture.
拥有健康的心理,要从不屈不挠开始说起!爸爸妈妈曾经告诉过我:“心理健康和文化健康同样重要!”只要拥有不屈不饶的冲劲才能克服种种困难。我们天天与父母、同学交流!同学给我们提的建议,老师提出我们的缺点,我们应该虚心接受。尽量不和同学们发生矛盾!
Have a healthy psychological, started to persevere! Mom and dad told me: "mental health and cultural health is equally important!" As long as have unrelenting drive to overcome difficulties. We communicate with parents and students every day! Students give us the advice, the teacher put forward our shortcomings, we should accept modestly. As far as possible with the students conflict!
自尊心强,固然是好事,老师批评了我们,我们流泪了,是因为我们知道错了,下定决心要开始奋斗了!但你的眼泪不能一次一次的流,还屡教不改!这就变成了鳄鱼的眼泪!
High self-esteem, it is good, the teacher criticized us, we shed tears, because we know is wrong, is determined to begin to struggle! But your tears flow can't again, also often teach not to change! It's turned out to be a crocodile tears.
犯了错误就应该正确的去面对!不能因为一次错误而是自己失去了生机,变得不活泼把自己隐藏在深处不能与别人交流,这就不对了!
Made a mistake should have the right to face! Cannot because of a mistake but his lost vitality, become inert to hide himself in the deep can't communicate with others, this is not right!
是千里马总要被伯乐发现,对。但是,现如今,伯乐总是有限,千里马越来越多,所以,伯乐不可能一个一个地发现你!你应该主动地把自己展示给伯乐。这样,你才会有好的成绩。
Is a swift horse is always found by bole, right. But, nowadays, bole is always limited, swift horse is increasing, so the bole one by one, can not find you! You should actively show themselves to bole. In this way, you will have good results.
我们现在是少年时代的学生,应该以学为主,不能去少年不能去的地方,如:网吧、游戏厅等!应保持心里健康 ,我们一但进去,就险了进去,而不能自拔!
Now, we are young age students, should give priority to in order to learn, can't go to the young can't go to the places, such as Internet cafes, games, etc! Should maintain a healthy heart, but we go in, risks, and cannot extricate oneself!
身体健康,文化健康,心里健康这几点相比起来心理健康更难做到一些,但只要努力,再努力就一定会保持这三点!
Health, culture, health, healthy heart this time compared to mental health is harder to do some, but as long as you work hard, try again will keep this at 3 o 'clock!
总而言之,统而言之。身体健康,文化健康,心理健康这三点只要缺一点就不是一名合格的小学生!所以我们要养成良好的行为习惯!始终保持学生的本色,不忘我们是一名小学生!让健康永远是我们的好朋友,让这个伙伴永远围绕在我们的身边、周围吧!
To sum up. Health, culture, health, mental health these three points as long as the lack of a little, it is not a qualified students! So we should develop good habits! Always keep the instinctive quality of students, do not forget we are a primary school student! Let healthy is our good friend forever, let the partners around the us, forever!
让健康永远伴随我们成长!
Let the health accompanied by us grow forever!

⑷ 关于疾病预防的英语作文

Prevention is better than cure: Out of a country’s health budget, a large proportion should be diverted from treatment to spending on health ecation and preventative measures. 预防胜于治疗,出于对国家的卫生预算,很大一部分:应该从治疗转移到健康教育和预防措施的开支。The rising costs of health care have become an issue for many countries in the world. To deal with this problem, it is recommended that a big part of the state health budget be used for health ecation and disease prevention instead of treatment医疗费用的上涨已经成为世界上许多国家的问题。为了解决这个问题,建议在国家的卫生预算的很大一部分用于健康教育和疾病预防,而不是用于治疗First of all, many kinds of diseases are preventable and preventing a disease is usually much cheaper than treating it. For example, people could prevent catching a cold if they dress warmly and get good rest when the weather first gets cold in the winter. But many people get sick because they fail to do so and have to spend much more money seeing a doct123 Another case in point is cancer, the leading cause of death in the world. But lung cancer, liver cancer and many other kinds of cancer could all be effectively prevented if people take measures for their health in an early stage. Small things such as smoking less or eating more healthy food would have kept millions of families from becoming bankrupt if the patients took measures for early cancer prevention. 首先,许多类疾病是可以预防和防止疾病的治疗,通常比它更便宜。例如,人们可以预防感冒,如果他们穿暖,并获得良好的休息时,首先获取的天气,冬天寒冷。但许多人生病是因为他们没有这样做,必须花更多的钱看到doct123另一个例子是癌症死亡的世界领先的原因。但是,肺癌,肝癌和许多其他类型的癌症都可以有效预防的,如果人们需要为他们的健康处于早期阶段的措施。例如吸烟或吃少更健康的食品小事情会一直成为破产,如果患者服用早期癌症预防措施,数百万家庭。In addition, health ecation also plays a key role in improving people’s health. By giving people more information about health, countries could help people understand the importance of disease prevention and ways to achieve it.此外,健康教育也可在增进人民健康方面发挥关键作用。通过为人们提供更多有关健康的信息,国家可以帮助人们了解疾病的预防措施以及如何实现它的重要性。In conclusion, we could save money in health care and treat patients more successfully if our country uses more money on health prevention and ecation. 最后,我们可以节省医疗保健和治疗病人的钱更成功,如果我们的国家以预防保健和教育更多的钱。

⑸ 帮我写一篇关于预防感冒的英语作文

how
to
prevent
a
cold
many
people
have
got
a
headache,
cough
because
of
cold.speaking
of
a
cold,for
us
is
not
strange.
in
order
to
help
people
to
prevent
colds.here
i
will
tell
you
some
advice
to
prevent
a
cold.
the
first
one
is
that
you
should
often
drink
water.the
hot
water
is
often
good
for
us.and
when
change
garments
according
to
the
season
you
must
to
keep
warm.for
exemple,when
winter
comes,the
weather
is
becoming
colder
and
colder,we
should
pay
attention
to
add
clothing.the
next
,often
open
a
window
is
also
a
good
way
to
prevent
a
cold,it
can
help
air
circulation.fanilly,often
exercise
can
help
us
to
have
a
healthy
body.insist
on
taking
exercise
every
day
is
so
good.
listen
to
these
suggestions,you
will
not
have
a
cold.to
prevent
a
cold,to
make
our
life
more
beautiful
and
more
healthy.
译文:
如何预防感冒
许多人因为感冒而引起头痛,咳嗽。感冒对我们来说并不陌生。
为了帮助人们预防感冒,我在这里将告诉你预防感冒的一些建议。第一,你应该经常喝水。热水往往是对人体很好的。根据不同的季节增减衣物保持身体暖和。例如,当冬天来临时,天气变得越来越冷了,要注意添加衣物。接下来,经常打开窗户也是预防感冒的好方法,它可以帮助空气流通。最后,经常锻炼可以帮助我们有一个健康的身体。坚持每天锻炼身体是那么好。
听从这些建议,你就不会感冒。预防感冒,使我们的生活更美好、更健康。

⑹ 如何预防盗窃关于盗窃的英语作文

现在的英语越来越普及,随着英语的不断深入,英语作文变得越来越重要,下列是一些英语作文供大家参考。盗窃相关英语作文范文一:About the larcenous,I have something to say.First of all,I think the cause is the economy.Nowadays,the economy developed,and there are huge differences between the poor and the rich.many people work hard everyday,but he still cannot have the equal redound.That causes psychology abnormal.Then,people felt unfair and begrudge.then they start to crime.that 's not a good phenomena,it's a big social problem to wait us solve it.‘范文二:校园盗窃英语作文Enhance Awareness to Guard against Campus Thefts1. 校园盗窃案件时有发生2. 物品被盗的原因3. 学生如何加强防盗意识审题概述这是一篇论述校园物品被盗和加强防盗意识的文章。第一段,主要陈述校园盗窃案件发生的情况。第二段,主要分析校园物品被盗的原因。第三段,主要阐述学生怎样增强防盗意识。【范文】l Enhance Awareness to Guard against Campus Thefts“If you don’t want to wake up and find you have no pants to wear, you’d better put them on in sleep,” goes a popular joke among students. Obviously, campus thefts have become increasingly annoying as they occur far more often than before. And it seems that the thieves are less choosy these days, with their targets ranging widely from bikes, cell phones, purses, pre-paid IC cards to sunglasses, bags, and even underwear. In short, anything that worth a dime is likely to be stolen.What makes students the easy targets? The reasons are not hard to find. But I believe of all these reasons, the lack of anti-theft alertness is the most important one. For lack of alertness, the students tend to leave the doors and windows wide open ring sleep at noon or at night in summer. For the same reason, they’ll also leave their bikes unlocked outside a store or by a road, or forget to take away their personal stuff before they go out of the classroom to make a phone call. These acts undoubtedly have increased their exposure to the light-fingered monsters.In order to minimize possible losses, the students must stay on guard in the first place, as awareness of the thefts around often makes a big difference. To be more specific, the students should not hide any tempting amount of cash in the dorm. Put it in the bank instead. Besides, do not leave any valuable items unattended. Take them wherever you go. In addition, it’s advisable to develop a neighbourhood watch programme with other students in the dorm and neighbouring dorms.第一段思路点评:陈述校园盗窃案件发生的情况语言点提示:it seems that此句型表示一种可能性第二段思路点评:说明被盗原因语言点提示:(1)What makes students the easy targets?此句引出下文(2)anti-theft alertness防盗意识(3)lack of alertness缺乏警惕(4)light-fingered小偷小摸的、惯行扒窃的以上便是关于 “ 英语写作范文 ”的具体内容了, 更多相关内容请关注 英语学习英语写作翻译相关推荐:一起来学习英语经典句子英语作文专业短语总结国外最新的英语作文汇总

⑺ 怎样预防流感英语作文70字带翻译

Flu always happens between changes of seasons.Now as winter is
coming soon,it is necessary to find some ways to prevnt influenza.
First,flu
transmits mostly by air and body liquid,so indoors ventilation(
circulation of air) must be maintained and people should form the good
habit that clean the used tissue after wiping the running nose and
coughing.Healthy people need to keep a safe disdance to people who got
flu.
流感总是发生在季节变化之间。现在冬天是
即将到来,有必要找到一些方法来预防流行性感冒。
首先,流感
主要通过空气和体液传输,因此室内通风(
必须保持空气循环,人们应该形成好处
习惯,擦拭运行的鼻子后清洁使用的组织
咳嗽。健康的人需要保持一个安全的不安的人谁得到
流感。

初中生英语作文,必须原创。高悬赏。。健康对于我们每个人都是很重要的,你认为我们应该怎么做才能预防疾

You can take away our money,house,car or even clothes and we can survive. But if our health was taken away ,we would surely die.That is why we try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.Now i have some advice of how to keep healthy for you!
First,taking exercise everyday,because it can help us build a strong body.It is important for our health.Second,try your best to avoid eating food high in fat like cookies and eat lots of vegetables and fresh fruit,this can help too.Third,i always feel better when i am with friends than when i am alone,so i think that it is also important to make friends.Last but not least,smile often always make you healthier. Have you determined to do as what I say? I wish you to do so!

一字一字打出来的,不过有一两句话是在网上看得 因为写的确实比较好,希望采纳 have a nice day:))

⑼ 关于预防h1n1的英语作文

猪流感有生命危险吗?猪流感Q&A 中英文

Q&A: Swine flu

What is swine flu?猪流感是什么

It is a contagious respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza viruses. Pigs are hit by regular outbreaks. There are many different types of swine flu and the current cases involve the H1N1 strain of type A influenza virus.
How do humans catch it?

While people do not normally catch it, humans can contract the virus, usually if they have been in close contact with pigs. It is also possible for the constantly changing infection to spread from person to person, which has happened in the latest outbreak. Experts believe it spreads in the same way as seasonal flu - through coughing and sneezing.

What are the symptoms?猪流感的症状是什么?

The symptoms of swine influenza in people are similar to the symptoms of regular human seasonal influenza infection and include fever, fatigue, lack of appetite, coughing and sore throat. Some people with swine flu have also reported vomiting and diarrhoea.

What is the difference between swine flu, avian flu and the flu commonly seen in the UK ring the winter?猪流感和禽流感的区别,以及与冬天的流感区别?

Influenza viruses are commonly circulating in the human and animal environment, with different strains causing illness in humans, bird and pigs. Seasonal influenza is caused by viruses that are adapted to spread in humans. Humans have some natural immunity to the strains that are in common circulation, and this immunity can be boosted by immunisation with a vaccine. Avian influenza is caused by influenza viruses adapted for infection in birds. Similarly, swine influenza is caused by influenza viruses adapted for infection in pigs. These illnesses all cause the same respiratory symptoms in sufferers and can be passed between one another.

How dangerous is it?猪流感有多危险?

More than 80 people have died and thousands made ill, in Mexico in particular, although cases have also been reported in the US and New Zealand. However, testing has shown that the antiviral drugs oseltamavir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza) appear to be effective against the human swine influenza H1N1 strain,

Why should we be worried about it?我们为什么要担心猪流感?

The World Health Organisation warned the outbreak had "pandemic potential" and countries were advised to step up surveillance and preparation in case the infection spreads rapidly. Flu viruses have the ability to change and mutate, making it difficult for drugs manufacturers to ensure effective vaccines are available. The new version of the H1N1 virus is a mix of different animal and human versions of the disease. Mixing can lead to the development of changed viruses to which humans have little immunity.

What is a pandemic?什么叫流行病?

If the flu spreads over a wide geographic area and affects a large proportion of the population it goes beyond an epidemic and becomes a pandemic. According to the Health Protection Agency, an influenza pandemic is defined as a new or novel influenza virus that spreads easily between humans. When new influenza viruses are introced into the environment, humans do not have any natural immunity to protect against them. Therefore, there is a risk that that new influenza viruses could develop into a pandemic if the virus passes easily from human-to-human.

Will it spread to the UK?猪流感会传播到英国么?

It is too early to say whether the cases reported so far will lead to a larger outbreak, the HPA said. No cases have been reported in the UK although experts are monitoring the situation closely. Anyone who has recently returned from affected countries should consult a doctor if they notice flu-like symptoms.

What is being done in the UK to prevent the infection?英国目前怎样预防?

The HPA said it is working with the UK government to review the current incident and any threat it poses to UK public health. It advised people to follow general infection control practices and good hygiene to rece transmission of all viruses. This includes covering their nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing, disposing of dirty tissues promptly and carefully, washing hands frequently with soap and water and cleaning surfaces which are regularly touched.

中文简称:猪流感
英文:swine influenza
英文简称:swine flu
[编辑本段]猪患猪流感的症状以及防治
诊断要点流行特点各个年龄、性别和品种的猪对本病毒都有易感性。本病的流行有明显的季节性,天气多变的秋末、早春和寒冷的冬季易发生。本病传播迅速,常呈地方性流行或大流行。本病发病率高,死亡率低(4%-10%)。病猪和带毒猪是猪流感的传染源,患病痊愈后猪带毒6~8周。

避免接触流感样症状(发热,咳嗽,流涕等)或肺炎等呼吸道病人;注意个人卫生,经常使用肥皂和清水洗手,尤其在咳嗽或打喷嚏后;避免接触生猪或前往有猪的场所;避免前往人群拥挤场所;咳嗽或打喷嚏时用纸巾遮住口鼻,然后将纸巾丢进垃圾桶;如在境外出现流感样症状(发热,咳嗽,流涕等),应立即就医(就医时应戴口罩),并向当地公共卫生机构和检验检疫部门说明。
4、人如何受到感染?
人们通常从受感染的猪感染上猪流感,然而,有些病例并没有和猪,或猪存在过的环境的接触。在一些程度下,人和人 的接触会导致传播,但仅限于密切接触和封闭的人群。
5、食用猪肉能否感染?
没有证据说明,猪流感是由于食用妥善处理过的猪肉或猪肉产品造成的。美国疾控中心指出,猪肉加热至71摄氏度,就能杀死猪流感病毒,人不会因吃猪肉或猪产品感染猪流感。
6、猪流感有哪些症状?
7、墨西哥猪流感与美国猪流感是否相同?
美国疾控中心证实,在墨西哥导致数十人死亡的猪流感病毒与在美国导致数十人染病的病毒都是A/H1N1型,这一毒株是一种新型变异病毒。
8、此次猪流感疫情有何特点?
世卫组织强调称,通常情况下,儿童和老人更容易遭到流感病毒的感染,但此次墨西哥发现的猪流感病毒感染者大多为年轻人。
9、治疗人类感染猪流感有无特效药?
美国疾控中心说,目前没有专门针对人类感染猪流感的特效药,通常使用的有4种抗流感药物,但临床显示,这种变异病毒对其中2种具有抗药性。
有两种类别药品, 1) adamantanes (adamantanes和remantadine ) ,和2 )流感的神经氨酸酶抑制剂(达菲oseltamivir 和扎那米韦 zanamivir) 。
以前大部分猪流感病例的报告都是完全康复,没有需要医疗照顾和抗病毒药物。
一些流感病毒对抗病毒药物产生抗药性,限制了治疗效果。最近从美国获得的感染猪流感病毒的人类病例,对达菲和扎那米韦抗性金刚烷胺很敏感,但是对amantadine和remantadine有抵抗性。
信息还没有充分到可以建议使用抗病毒药物来治疗猪流感病毒的感染。临床医生必须根据病人的临床和生理状况进行评估,考虑治疗可能产生的积极和消极的影响。在猪流感病毒正在爆发的美国和墨西哥,在病毒的易感性手册上,国家和地方当局建议使用奥塞米韦或扎那米韦进行治疗。
10、有无抗猪流感疫苗?
美国疾控中心说,目前只有用于猪的抗猪流感疫苗,还没有专门用于人类的。就目前情况看,普通的抗流感疫苗对人类抵抗猪流感没有明显效果。
11、我该如何保护自己,不被猪流感感染上的患者感染?
保护自己,可采用一般的预防流感的措施:
•避免和出现不适症状、发烧和咳嗽的人密切接触。
•经常和彻底地用肥皂和水洗手。
•养成良好的卫生习惯,包括充足的睡眠,进食有营养的食物,并坚持体育锻炼。
如果家中有病人:
•尝试为病人提供房子中的一个单独房间。如果做不到这一点,让病人和其他人保持至少1米的距离。
•照顾病人时捂住嘴和鼻子。可以购买出售的面具或使用处置或适当处理过的现成材料进行制作。
•每次和病人接触后用水和肥皂彻底洗手。
•设法改善病人居住地的空气的流通。通过门、窗利用门窗,利用风。
•保持环境清洁,随时提供家居清洁剂。
12、如果我觉得患上了猪流感,应该怎么做?
如果您感到身体不适,有发高烧,咳嗽和/或喉咙痛:
•尽可能留在家里,远离上班,上学或人群。
•休息,并喝足够的液体。
•在咳嗽和打喷嚏时,用一次性的纸巾掩住嘴和鼻子,并合适地处理用过的纸巾。
•经常用肥皂和水彻底洗手,特别是在咳嗽或打喷嚏时。
•通知家人和朋友自己患病情况,寻求别人帮助,代为进行和其他人如购物类的接触。
如果您需要医疗照顾:
•联系你的医生或保健提供者,然后前往就诊,报告你的症状。解释为什么你认为你有猪流感(例如,最近前往一个国 家,在人群中有猪流感爆发)。根据他提供的意见进行治疗。
•如果无法与您的医疗保健供应商提前沟通,立刻到保健机构沟通,说明你对患有猪流感的换衣。
•旅行期间注意覆盖鼻子和嘴巴。
[编辑本段]“猪”流感疫情爆发历史
1918年西班牙流感(Spanish Flu),H1N1病毒,首发于1917年的澳大利亚,影响了包括欧洲、北冰洋和太平洋地区等世界很多地方。死亡人数据估计5千万人。
H1猪流感病毒进化时间表1976年美国猪流感,1918年的H1N1病毒的变种。死亡25人。但这次流感给当时的福特政府带来了公共卫生管理的危机。福特政府目标覆盖全体美国人疫苗计划到其中止时,仅仅覆盖了24%的美国人口。
1976年2月美国新泽西洲迪克斯堡新兵营中发生了一起猪(H1N1)亚型毒株引起的流感爆发事件,约200余人被感染,一人死亡。当时福特总统欲想连任,亲自批准1.35亿美元制备猪流感疫苗,用于全民免疫接种,而其他国家均持观望态度,结果美国推测失误,疫苗也以失败而告终,因此引起许多异议和诉讼。福特为竞选总统而批准此冒险计划,养猪场提出抗议,要将猪流感改为新泽西洲流感以免居民谈猪色变。本次流感和病原学分析表明,猪型流感病毒是由猪直接传播人。
过去人感染猪流感病毒的病例很少见,猪流感病毒通常不在人际间传播。2005年12月至2009年1月,美国只发现过12例人感染猪流感病例,其中11人与猪有过直接接触。
2007年菲律宾猪流感。死亡率占到受感染人的10%。
2009年4月,墨西哥爆发大规模的猪流感,美国和墨西哥的绝大多数患者并未接触过猪,墨西哥政府现阶段已排除吃猪肉感染病毒的可能性。这种病毒已被证实经由人-人形式传播。在人际传播时,科学家指出,打喷嚏、咳嗽和物理接触都有可能导致新型猪流感病毒在人群间传播。
美国著名流感专家、明尼苏达州大学的迈克尔·奥斯特赫姆2009年4月24日表示,流感病毒的传播速度惊人,当大家发现病毒感染者出现时,可能已经错过了控制“这种新病毒扩散”的最佳时机。迈克尔·奥斯特赫姆担心,最近出入墨西哥城国际机场的旅游者或许已携带着病毒抵达世界各地。
[编辑本段]2009年猪流感疫情动态
疫情图中华人民共和国卫生部有关负责人2009年4月25日表示,卫生部收到世界卫生组织通报,美国和墨西哥发生人感染A/H1N1猪流感疫情。
据世界卫生组织通报,美国和墨西哥发生人感染A/H1N1猪流感疫情。自2009年3月18日以来,墨西哥流感样病例呈上升趋势。截至4月28日,墨西哥先后发生3起疫情,共报告病例三千多例,死亡103例,病死率7%.
据了解,人感染猪流感后的症状与感冒类似,患者会出现发烧、咳嗽、疲劳、食欲不振等。在预防方面,许锐恒认为现阶段没必要扎堆去接种人流感疫苗,因为预防季节性流感疫苗对预防猪流感并无效果。正确的做法是养成良好的个人卫生习惯,充足睡眠、勤于锻炼、减少压力、足够营养;勤洗手,尤其是接触过公共物品后要先洗手再触摸自己的眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴;
[编辑本段]猪流感简介 引起的呼吸系统疾病。猪流感由甲型流感病毒(A型流感病毒)引发,通常爆发于猪之间,传染性很高但通常不会引发死亡。秋冬季属高发期,但全年可传播。猪流感多被辨识为丙型流感病毒(C型流感病毒),或者是甲型流感病毒的亚种之一。该病毒可在猪群中造成流感暴发。通常情况下人类很少感染猪流感病毒。
猪流感有很多个不同的品种,计有:H1N1、H1N2、H3N1、H3N2和H2N3亚型的甲型流感
病理变化猪流行性感冒的病理变化主要在呼吸器官。鼻、咽、喉、气管和支气管的粘膜充血、肿胀,表面覆有粘稠的液体,小支气管和细支气管内充满泡沫样渗出液。胸腔、心包腔蓄积大量混有纤维素的浆液。肺脏的病变常发生于尖叶、心叶、中间叶、膈叶的背部与基底部,与周围组织有明显的界限,颜色由红至紫,塌陷、坚实,韧度似皮革,脾脏肿大,颈部淋巴结、纵膈淋巴结、支气管淋巴结肿大多汁。
类症鉴别由于猪的流行性感冒不一定总是以典型的形式出现,并且与其它呼吸道疾病又很相似,所以,临床诊断只能是假定性的。在秋季或初冬,猪群中发生呼吸道疾病就可怀疑为猪流行性感冒。
暴发性地出现上呼吸道综合征,包括结膜炎、喷嚏和咳嗽以及低死亡率,可以将猪流行性感冒与猪的其它上呼吸道疾病区别开,在鉴别诊断时,应注意猪气喘病和本病的区别,二者最易混淆。
防治措施本病无有效疫苗和特效疗法,重要的是良好的护理及保持猪舍清洁、干燥、温暖、无贼风袭击。供给充足的清洁饮水,康复的头几天,饲料要限制供给。在发病中不得骚扰或移动病猪,以减少应激死亡 。
猪流行性感冒特征为突然发病,迅速蔓延全群,主要症状为上呼吸道感染,一般多在冬春季节以及气候骤变时发生,该病也常继发猪副嗜血杆菌病。
临床症状与病理变化
该病的发病率高,潜伏期为2~7天,病程1周左右。病猪发病初期突然发热,精神不振,食欲减退或废绝,常横卧在一起,不愿活动,呼吸困难,激烈咳嗽,眼鼻流出黏液。如果在发病期治疗不及时,则易并发支气管炎、肺炎和胸膜炎等,增加猪的病死率。
病猪体温升高达40℃~41.5℃,精神沉郁,食欲减退或不食,肌肉疼痛,不愿站立,眼和鼻有黏性液体流出,眼结膜充血,个别病猪呼吸困难,喘气,咳嗽,呈腹式呼吸,有犬坐姿势,夜里可听到病猪哮喘声,个别病猪关节疼痛,尤其是膘情较好的猪发病较严重。
剖检可见喉、气管及支气管充满含有气泡的黏液,黏膜充血,肿胀,时而混有血液,肺间质增宽,淋巴结肿大,充血,脾肿大,胃肠黏膜有卡他出血性炎症,胸腹腔、心包腔蓄积含纤维素物质的液体。
流行特点 各个年龄、性别和品种的猪对本病毒都有易感性。本病的流行有明显的季节性,天气多变的秋末、早春和寒冷的冬季易发生。本病传播迅速,常呈地方性流行或大流行。本病发病率高,死亡率低(4%~10%)。病猪和带毒猪是猪流感的传染源,患病痊愈后猪带毒6~8周。
临床特征 本病潜伏期很短,几小时到数天,自然发病时平均为4天。发病初期病猪体温突然升高至40.3~41.5℃,厌食或食欲废绝,极度虚弱乃至虚脱,常卧地。呼吸急促、腹式呼吸、阵发性咳嗽。从眼和鼻流出粘液,鼻分泌物有时带血。病猪挤卧在一起,难以移动,触摸肌肉僵硬、疼痛,出现膈肌痉挛,呼吸顿挫,一般称这为打嗝儿。如有继发感染,则病势加重,发生纤维素性出血性肺炎或肠炎。母猪在怀孕期感染,产下的仔猪在产后2~5天发病很重,有些在哺乳期及断奶前后死亡。
病理变化 猪流感的病理变化主要在呼吸器官。鼻、咽、喉、气管和支气管的粘膜充血、肿胀,表面覆有粘稠的液体,小支气管和细支气管内充满泡沫样渗出液。胸腔、心包腔蓄积大量混有纤维素的浆液。肺脏的病变常发生于尖叶、心叶、叶间叶、膈叶的背部与基底部,与周围组织有明显的界限,颜色由红至紫,塌陷、坚实,韧度似皮革,脾脏肿大,颈部淋巴结、纵膈淋巴结、支气管淋巴结肿大多汁。
截至2009年4月27日墨西哥疑似感染死亡81人诊断
根据发病情况、临床症状和病理变化,可初步诊断该猪群为流行性感冒继发猪副嗜血杆菌病。
防治措施
一、
1.加强饲养管理,提高猪群的营养需求,定时清洁环境卫生,对已患病的猪只及时进行隔离治疗。
2.清开灵注射液+盐酸林可霉素注射液+强效阿莫西林,按每千克体重0.2毫升~0.5毫升,混合肌肉注射,每日一次,连用3天。
3.在饲料中混入抗病毒I号粉(400千克料/袋)+强力霉素300ppm,混合均匀。连续拌料10天;同时饮水中加入电解多维。经采取以上治疗措施后,病情很快得到了控制,3天后全群恢复健康。
4.中药荆防败毒散防止猪流感有特效。
二、
1. 及时隔离,栏圈、饲具要用2%火碱溶液消毒、剩料剩水深埋或无公害化处理,在猪的饲粮中加入0.05%的盐酸吗啉胍(病毒灵)饲喂1周。
2.用绿豆250克、柴胡、板蓝根100克,煎水10公斤饮猪,有较好的预防作用。
治疗
对病猪要对症治疗,防止继发感染。可选用:15%盐酸吗啉胍(病毒灵)注射液,按猪体重每千克用25毫克,肌肉注射,每日2次,连注2天。30%安乃近注射液,按猪体重每千克用30毫克,肌肉注射,每日2次,连注2天。如全群感染,可用中药拌料喂服。中药方:荆芥、金银花、大青叶、柴胡、葛根、黄苓、木通、板蓝根、甘草、干姜各25~50克(每头计、体重50千克左右),把药晒干,粉碎成细面,拌入料中喂服,如无食欲,可煎汤喂服,一般1剂即愈,必要时第2天再服1剂。
猪流行性感冒由猪流感病毒引起,多突然发病,体温40-41.℃,呼吸困难,咳嗽,眼鼻流出浆性液体,一周内可康复.治疗:①百尔定注射液4-6ml肌肉注射;或安乃近注射液4-1Oml肌肉注射,每天一次.②酵母片20-60片、人工盐10-30g,共研成末混入饲料喂饲,每天一次,连用3天.
猪群发病是由于气候变化,畜主饲养场圈舍简陋,饲养管理水平低下,导致猪群发生流行性感冒,同时因病情时间稍长,以致病猪继发感染猪副嗜血杆菌病。本病应加强饲养管理,定期消毒,对患猪要早发现,早治疗,且要按疗程用药。

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