踝关节结核英语怎么说及英文翻译

1. 踝关节结核的检查

1.实验室检查
在疾病活动期，血沉多增快，白细胞计数正常或稍多，常有轻度贫血，脓液培养在未经治疗者，结核菌阳性率为70%左右，滑液培养阳性率为40%左右，聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术的应用对骨关节结核的诊断有很大帮助。病理检查常发现典型病变。
2.其他辅助检查
（1）X线检查 单纯性滑膜结核在X线片上表现为骨质疏松与软组织肿胀阴影，单纯性骨结核则表现为囊性溶骨性改变或毛玻璃样改变，其间死骨并不多见。发展至全关节结核时则表现为进行性关节间隙变窄及不对称，并可看到边缘性骨破坏。随着病变发展，骨破坏加剧，软骨下骨皮质消失，至后期，踝关节毁损明显，但极少发生骨性强直。除非有继发感染存在，一般不会出现骨硬化表现。
（2）CT检查 在单纯性滑膜结核可以看到关节腔内积液，积液大都在踝关节的前方与后方跟腱的两侧；单纯性骨结核可以在相应部位有溶骨性改变，死骨形成及病灶附近的寒性脓肿。
（3）MRI检查 可早期发现病变，表现为骨松质炎性浸润异常阴影，通常在关节的两侧骨端均有相似的变化。

2. 求一篇关于医生护士病人的对话，要求用英语，单词80词以内

Last night I suffered from insomnia
昨晚我失眠了。
I tried some sleeping pills, but they have done nothing for me
我服了些安眠药， 但没有起什么作用。
I ‘m afraid I’ve got a temperature
恐怕我有点发烧。
I’ve got a running nose
我在流鼻涕。
I keep feeling dizzy
我老觉得头晕。
I seem to have pain all over
我感到浑身都在痛。
I’m aching all over
我浑身都在痛。
I’m having some trouble sleeping
我的睡眠不好。
I’m running a fever
我在发烧。
I’m running a temperature
我在发烧。
The trouble began yesterday
病是昨天开始的。
I feel numb in my right arm
我觉得右臂麻木。
对话5：患流行性感冒
Dialogue Five：Suffer from influenza
医生：早上好。你哪里不舒服？
Doctor: Good morning. What’s troubling you?
病人：你好，大夫。我头疼得厉害。
Patient: Good morning, doctor. I have a terrible headache.
医生：别着急，小伙子，告诉我怎么回事。
Doctor: All right, young man. Tell me how it got started.
病人：昨天我老流鼻涕。现在有点鼻塞。喉咙很痛。恐怕还伴有高烧。感觉糟透了。
Patient: Yesterday I had a running nose. Now my nose is stuffed up. I have a sore throat. And I’m afraid I’ve got a temperature. I feel terrible.
医生：小伙子，别担心。让我给你检查一下。我先看看你的喉咙。张开嘴说“啊”。
Doctor: Done worry, young man. Let me give you an examination. First let me take a look at your throat. Open your mouth and say “ah”.
病人：啊。
Patient: Ah.
医生：很好。把你的舌头伸出来。好的。接下来让我检查以下你的胸膛。把衬衫的扣子解开。让我检查你的心和肺。深呼吸，屏住气。吸气，呼气。顺便问一下，你曾经患过肺结核吗？
Doctor: Good. Now put your tongue out. All right, let me examine your chest. Please unbutton your shirt. Let me check your heart and lungs. Take a deep breath and hold it. Breathe in, and out. By the way, do you have a history of tuberculosis?
病人：没有，从来没有。
Patient: No，definitely not.
医生：听着，你的喉咙发炎了。舌苔很厚。这些都是感冒的症状。
Doctor: Look, your throat is inflamed. And your tongue is thickly coated. You have all the symptoms of influenza.
病人：那我该怎么做呢？
Patient: What am I supposed to do then?
医生：你需要好好休息。多喝水。我马上给你开药方。
Doctor: A good rest is all you need, and drink more water. I’ll write you a prescription。
病人：谢谢。
Patient: Thank you very much.
医生：不客气。记住好好休息。
Doctor: That’s all right. Remember to take a good rest. .
病人：我会的。再见，大夫。
Patient: I will. Goodbye, doctor.
医生：再见！
Doctor: Bye!
单词
Words
temperature n. 温度，高烧
examination n. 检查，体检
chest n. 胸部，胸膛
unbutton vt 解开扣子
lung n. 肺
tuberculosis n. 肺结核
definitely adv 确定地，肯定地
inflame v. 发炎
symptom n. 症状
influenza n. 流行感冒
prescription n. 药方
短语
Phrases
have a running nose 流鼻涕
a sore throat 喉咙发痛
get a temperature 发高烧
take a look at 检查
take a deep breath 深呼吸
be supposed to 应该
write sb a prescription 给某人开药方
句子
Sentence Structures
What’s troubling you? 你哪里不舒服？
Now my nose is stuffed up. 现在有点鼻塞。
By the way, do you have a history of tuberculosis?
顺便问一下，你曾经患过肺结核吗？
相关单词
Related words
cold 感冒
sunstroke 中风
flu 流行性感冒
fever 发烧
cough 咳嗽
bronchitis 支气管炎
tracheitis 气管炎
pertusis 百日咳
asthma 哮喘
pneumonia 肺炎
tuberculosis 肺结核
hepatitis 肝炎
shiver 打寒战
相关短语
Related Phrases
fall ill 生病
be ill with 生病
suffer from 患-----病
feel very bad 感到不舒服
vital signs 主要病症
blood pressure 血压
pulse rate 脉搏
temprature 体温
rhythm of the heart 心率
early symptom 早期症状
cardinal symptom 主要症状
constitutional symptoms 全身症状
clinic symptom 临床症状
run a fever 发高烧
run a temprature 发高烧
feel dizzy 头昏眼花
be engorged 充血
be short of breath 呼吸急促
feel chilly 发冷
have difficulty in breathing 呼吸困难
have a headache 头疼
have a sore throat 嗓子疼
have a bad cough 咳嗽得厉害
相关表达方式
Related Expressions (Describing the Illnesses )
I have been like this for about a week.
我这样大约有一个星期了。
I’ve been feeling a pain here for five days on end
我这儿连续痛了五天。
It has been off and on for a month.
这样断断续续了一个月。
I cough a great deal at night
我晚上咳嗽得厉害。
I don’t feel like eating anything.
我什么都不想吃。
I have no appetite at all
我一点胃口都没有。
I feel a bit off color
我感到有点不适。
I feel a pain in my abdomen
我觉得肚子疼。
I feel very fatigued
我觉得很疲乏。
I feel all pooped out
我觉得筋疲力尽。
I feel a little chilly
我感到有点冷。
I feel dizzy and I’ve got no appetite
我觉得头晕，没有食欲。
I feel feverish
我觉得有点发烧。
I feel like vomiting
我想吐。
I feel rather sick
我觉得很不舒服。
I feel shivery and I’ve got a sore throat
我觉得寒战，咽喉痛。
I have a spitting headache
我头痛得厉害。
病人：早上好，大夫
Patient: Good morning, doctor.
医生：早上好，哪里不舒服？
Doctor: good morning. What seems to be the trouble?
病人：最近有点失眠。
Patient: I’m suffering from insomnia.
医生：这种情况有多久了？
Doctor: How long have you had this problem?
病人：三个月了。
Doctor: Three months.
医生：服用过什么药吗？
Doctor: Have you take any medicine?
病人：试过安眠药，但是对我一点儿都不起作用。
Patient: I tried some sleeping pills, but they have done nothing for me.
医生：有头痛的情况吗？
Doctor: Do you have headaches?
病人：有时候有。吃饭也没有胃口，总是感紧不安。
Patient: Sometimes. I have no appetite and always on the edge.
医生：让我量量你的血压。你看来贫血。
Doctor: Let me take your blood pressure. You look anemic. (Taking the patient’s blood pressure.)
医生：嗯，没什么好担心的。你只不过是有点劳累过度。
Doctor: Well, there is nothing to be alarmed about. You are just a little exhausted from overwork.
病人：我该怎么呢？
Patient: What should I do then?
医生：我想你应该多休息休息。多到户外活动。不要过度劳累。
Doctor: I think you need more rest. Try to get outdoors more. Don’t strain yourself too much.
病人：谢谢你，大夫。我会照你说的去做。
Patient: Thank you. Doctor. I’ll do as you say.
医生：拿着，这是给你开的处方。我相信这药会治好你的失眠症的。
Doctor: Here is the prescription for you. I’m sure the medicine will cure your insomnia.
病人：多谢了。再见！
Patient: Thanks a lot. Bye-bye!
医生：再见！
Doctor: Bye!
单词
Words
insomnia n. 失眠症
appetite n. 胃口
pressure n. 压力，血压
anemic n. 贫血病
exhausted adj 疲倦，筋疲力尽
overwork n. 过度劳累
outdoors adv 户外
cure n. vt 治愈，治好
短语
Phrases
suffer from 遭受
sleeping pills 安眠药
on the edge 紧张不安
take sb’s blood pressure 量血压
句子
Sentence Patterns
What seems to be the trouble? 哪里不舒服？
How long have you had this problem? 这种情况有多久了？
I tried some sleeping pills, but they have done nothing for me.
我试过安眠药，但是对我一点儿都不起作用。
There is nothing to be alarmed about. 没什么好担心的。
Don’t strain yourself too much. 不要过度劳累。
相关单词
Related Words
arm 手臂
upper arm 上臂
forearm 前臂
elbow 肘
wrist 腕
thumb 大拇指
forefinger 食指
middle finger 中指
third finger 无名指
little finger 小指
palm 手掌
nail 指甲
knuckle 指关节
leg 腿
thigh 大腿
knee 膝盖
shank 小腿
calf 小腿肚
foot 脚
instep 脚背
toe 脚趾
ankle 踝关节
heel 脚后跟
sole 脚掌

相关短语
Related Phrases
suffer from insomnia 失眠
sleeping pills 安眠药
get a temperature 发烧
get a running nose 流鼻涕

3. 医学术语英文缩写.

acromioclavicular joint 肩锁关节

air bronchogram 支气管影像

ankle joint 踝关节

ankylosis of joint 关节强直

arches of foot 足弓

biligrafin 胆影葡胺

bone age 骨龄

bone canaliculi 骨小管

bone cortex 骨皮质

bone deformity 骨骼变形

bone destruction 骨质破坏

bone lacuna 骨陷窝

bone lamella 骨板

bony articular surface 骨关节面

bursa 滑膜囊

calcification 钙化

carpal bones 腕骨

cavity 空洞

chondral calcification 软骨钙化

compact bone and spongy bone 密质骨和松质骨

degeneration of joint 关节退行性变

destruction of joint 关节破坏

diaphysis 骨干

digital subtraction angiography， DSA 数字减影血管造影

dislocation of joint 关节脱位

al photon absorptiometry， DPA 双光子吸收法

al X-ray energy absorptiometry， DXA 双能X线吸收法

elbow joint 肘关节

encapsulated effusion 包裹性积液

end plate 终板

epiphyseal line 骨骺线

epiphyseal plate 骨骺板

epiphysis 骨骺

exudation 渗出

fibrotic lesion 纤维性病变

filling defect 充盈缺损

free pleural effusion 游离性胸腔积液

haemosiderosis 含钱血黄素沉着

Hafersian system 哈弗系统

haversian lamella 哈氏骨板

hilar dance 肺门舞蹈

hip joint 髋关节

hydropneumothorax 液气胸

hydroxyapatite crystal 羟基磷灰石结晶

hyperostosis/osteosclerosis 骨质增生硬化

intercondyloid eminence 髁间隆起

interlobar effusion 叶间积液

intermediate lamella 骨间板

internal and external circumfereutial lamella 内、外环骨板

interstitial pulmonary oedema 间质性肺水肿

intervertebral disc 椎间盘

intervertebral foramen 椎间孔

intervertenral space 椎间隙

intra-alveolar pulmonary oedema 肺泡性肺水肿

joint 关节

joint capsule 关节囊

joint cartilage 关节软骨

joint cavity 关节腔

joint space 关节间隙

knee joint 膝关节

lamellar bone 层板骨

left atrial enlargement 左心房增大

left ventricular enlargement 左心室增大

ligament 韧带

localized pleural effusion 局限性胸腔积液

looser zone 假骨折线

mass 肿块

mellary space 骨髓腔

metacarpal bones 掌骨

metaphysis 干骺端

metatarsal bones 跖骨

niche 龛影

obstructive atelectasis 阻塞性肺不张

obstructive emphysema 阻塞性肺气肿

oral cholecystography 口服胆囊造影

ossifcation 骨化

ossification centre 骨化中心

osteoblast 成骨细胞

osteoclast 破骨细胞

osteocyte 骨细胞

osteomalacia 骨质软化

osteonecrosis 骨质坏死

osteoporosis 骨质疏松

periosteal proliferation 骨膜增生

periosteal reaction 骨膜反应

periosteum and intermal periosteum 骨膜和骨内膜

phalanges of fingers 指骨

phalanges of toes 趾骨

pleural thickening，adhesion and calaification 胸膜增厚、粘连及钙化

pleural tumor 胸膜肿瘤

pneumothorax 气胸

proliferative lesion 增殖性病变

pulmonary hilar enlargement 肺门增大

pulmonary arterial hypertension 肺动脉高压

pulmonary arterial pleonaemia 肺充血

pulmonary hypertension 肺高压

pulmonary oligaemia 肺少血

pulmonary venous hypertension 肺静脉高压

pulmonary venous pleonaemia 肺淤血

quantitative computed tomography， QCT 定量CT法

right atrial enlargement 右心房增大

right ventricular enlargement 右心室增大

sequestrum 死骨

shoulder joint 肩关节

soft tissue mass 软组织肿胀

soft tissue swelling 软组织肿胀

subpulmonary effusion 肺下积液

swelling of joint 关节肿胀

tarsal bones 跗骨

tibia tuberosity 胫骨粗隆

trabecula 骨小梁

Volkmann canal 福尔克曼管

woven bone 非层板骨

wrist 腕关节

abestosis 石棉肺

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome， AIDS 艾滋病

actinomycosis 放线菌病

acute military tuberculosis 急性粟粒型肺结核

agenesis and hypoplasia of the lung 肺不发育和肺发育不全

allergic pneumonia 过敏性肺炎

aluminum pneumoconiosis 铝尘肺

amyloidosis of lung 肺淀粉样变性

angiogram sign 血管造影征

anthracosis 炭黑尘肺

aspergillosis 曲菌病

bronchiectasis 支气管扩张

bronchogenic cyst 支气管囊肿

bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎

broncho-pulmonary sequestration 支气管肺隔离症

butterfly sign 蝶翼征

cement pneumoconiosis 水泥尘肺

chronic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎

chronic pneumonia 慢性肺炎

coalworker pneumoconiosis 煤工尘肺

congenital bronchial cysts 先天性支气管囊肿

contusion of lung 肺挫伤

cryptococcosis 隐球菌病

cylindrical bronchiectasis 柱状支扩

dermoid cyst 皮样囊肿

diaphragmatic eventeration 膈膨升

diaphragmatic hermia 膈疝

electric welder pneumoconiosis 电焊工尘肺

esophageal cyst 食管囊肿

foreign body of chest 胸部异物

foundry worker pneumoconiosis 铸工尘肺

Goodpasture syndrome 肺-肾综合征

graphite pneumoconiosis 石墨尘肺

halo sign 晕轮征

hamartoma 错构瘤

hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis 血行播散型肺结核（Ⅱ型）

Hodgkin lymphoma 霍奇金淋巴瘤

Hodgkin disease， HD 霍奇金病

honeycomb lung 蜂窝状肺

hydropneumothorax 液气胸

inflammatory pseudotumor 炎性假瘤

interstitial pneumonia 间质性肺炎

intrathoracic goiter 胸内甲状腺

kaolin pneumoconiosis 陶工尘肺

Kaposi sarcoma 卡波济肉瘤

laceration and hematoma of lung 肺撕裂伤与肺血肿

laceration of trachea and bronchus 气管及支气管裂伤

lipoma 脂肪瘤

lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎

Loffler syndroma 吕弗留综合征

lung abscess 肺脓肿

lymphangioma 淋巴管瘤

lymphoma 淋巴瘤

mediastinal emphysema 纵隔气肿

mediastinal hematorma 纵隔血肿

mediastinal tumor 纵隔肿瘤

mediastinitis 纵隔炎

mesothelial cyst 间皮囊肿

mesothelioma of pleura 胸膜间皮瘤

metastatic tumor of pleura 胸膜转移瘤

mica pneumoconiosis 云母尘肺

neurogenic neoplasms 神经源性肿瘤

non Hodgkin lymphoma， NHL 非霍奇金淋巴瘤

pleural thickening， adhesion and calcification胸膜肥厚粘连和钙化

pleuro-peritoneal hiatus hernia 胸腹裂孔疝

pneumocomosis 尘肺

pneumomediastinum 纵隔气肿

pneumothorax 气胸

primary complex 原发综合征

primary tuberculosis 原发性肺结核（Ⅰ型）

pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis 肺泡微石症

pulmonary alveolar proteinosis 肺泡蛋白沉积症

pulmonary arterio-venous fistula 肺动静脉瘘

pulmonary arterio-venous malformation，PAVM肺动静脉畸形

pulmonary connective tissue diseases 肺结缔组织疾病

pulmonary edema 肺水肿

pulmonary emboli 肺梗塞

pulmonary infarcts 肺梗死

pulmonary sequestration 肺隔离症

pulmonary tuberculosis 肺结核

pyothorax 化脓性胸膜炎

radiation pneumonitis 放射性肺炎

rheumatoid disease of the lung 肺类风湿性病

saccular bronchiectasis 囊状支扩

sarcoidosis 结节病

secondary pulmonary tuberculosis 继发性肺结核（Ⅲ型）

seminoma 精原细胞瘤

silicosis 矽肺

staphylococal pneumonia 葡萄球菌肺炎

subacute or chronic hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis亚急性或慢性血行播散型肺结核

systemic lupus erythomatosis， SLE 系统性红斑狼疮

talc pneumoconiosis 滑石尘肺

teratoma 畸胎瘤

thymoma 胸腺瘤

tramline sign 轨道征

traumatic diaphragmatic hernia 外伤性隔疝

tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes胸内淋巴结结核

tuberculosis pleuritis 结核性胸膜炎

varicose bronchiectasis 静脉曲张型支扩

Wegner granuloma 韦格氏肉芽肿

下肢静脉造影：Lower Vein Angiography

上肢静脉造影：Upper Vein Angiography

下肢动脉造影：Lower Artery Angiography

上肢动脉造影：Upper Artery Angiography

脑血管造影：Cerebrovascular Angiograhy

主动脉弓胸腹主动脉造影：Aorta Angiography

肾静脉取血：Kidney Vein Blood Sampling

右心、左心造影：Right and Left Ventricular Angiography

心肌活检：Myocardiam Centesis and Sampling

冠状动脉造影：Coronary Arteriography

腔静脉取血：Vena cava sampling

心导管检查（微导管同）（进口仪器）：Cardiac catheterization

经皮球囊扩张：Percutaneous balloon dilatating

予激综合症心内膜检测：Endocardial investigation of preexcitation syndrome

希氏束电图：Electrocardiogram of bundle of His

心脏临时起搏：Cardiac temporary pacing

埋置永久心脏起搏器：Cardioc permanent pacemaker implanting

体肢动脉系统介入治疗：Transartery interventional therapy

支气管动脉介入治疗：Bronchus artery interventional therapy

肺动脉介入治疗：Pulmonary artery interventional therapy

头臂动脉介入治疗：Brachiocephalic artery interventional therapy

静脉介入治疗：Veinous interventional therapy

冠状动脉介入治疗（球囊成形）：Coronary Artery interventional therapy （balloon angioplasty）

冠状动脉介入治疗（腔内旋磨）：Coronary Artery interventional therapy （rotablating）

冠状动脉介入治疗（腔内支架）：Coronary Artery interventional therapy （stent implantaion）

主动脉介入治疗：Aorta interventional therapy

肾动脉介入治疗：Renal artery interventional therapy

心脏瓣膜成形术：Heart valvuloplasty

房间隔缺损封堵术：Atrial septal defect closer

室间隔缺损封堵术：Ventricular septal defect closer

动脉导管封堵术：Patent doctus arteriosus closer

冠状动脉瘘封堵术：Coronary artery fistula closer

冠状动脉腔内超声：Intracoronary ultrasound

非冠状动脉血管内支架置入治疗：Stenting therapy of non-coronary artery

经皮清除血管内异物：Transluminal eyewinker clearing

经皮放置静脉滤器：Transluminal filter implantaion