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柯西序列英语怎么说及英文翻译

发布时间: 2025-07-24 13:27:30

『壹』 柯西序列的简介

柯西列的定义依赖于距离的定义,所以只有在度量空间(metric space)中柯西列才有意义。在更一般的一致空间(uniform space)中,可以定义更为抽象的柯西滤子(Cauchy filter)和柯西网(Cauchy net)。
一个重要性质是,在完备空间(complete space)中,所有的柯西列都有极限,这就让人们可以在不求出这个极限(如果存在)的情况下,利用柯西列的判别法则证明该极限是存在的。柯西列在构造具有完备性的代数结构的过程中也有重要价值,如构造实数。

『贰』 实数的构造——学习思考笔记(四)Cauchy序列&陶哲轩《实分析》第五章学习笔记「1」

实数的构造——柯西序列学习笔记

1. 柯西序列的基本概念

  • 定义:柯西序列是从有理数出发,通过一系列公式检验序列的稳定性,即序列中任意两个元素的差值在某数值范围内,表现出特定的稳定性。
  • 重要性:柯西序列提供了构建实数的直观路径,是实数理论中的核心概念。

2. 柯西序列的稳定性

  • [公式]稳定:序列具有特定的稳定性,但受初始极端值影响较大。
  • 终极[公式]稳定性:通过摒除序列初始的极端值,更准确地描述序列的极限性质。终极[公式]稳定序列即为柯西序列。

3. 柯西序列的证明

  • 证明方法:通过不等式变换寻找满足条件的N值,以确保序列在任意给定小数下都表现出稳定的特性。
  • 关键步骤:证实序列的终极[公式]稳定性,这是证明一个序列为柯西序列的关键。

4. 柯西序列与有界序列的联系

  • 有限序列:有限序列的边界直观,且始终有界。
  • 无限序列:无限序列的边界需要通过数学证明来确定。通过归纳和特定的分段方法,证明了无限柯西序列必定有界。
  • 意义:柯西序列必定有界的结论对于实数的构造和分析具有深远意义,为实数理论提供了坚实的理论基础。

5. 总结

  • 柯西序列作为实数构造的基石,不仅加深了我们对极限和实数的理解,还为后续数学分析的深入研究奠定了坚实的基础。通过深入探讨柯西序列的定义、性质及其与有界序列之间的联系,我们得以更好地理解实数理论的核心内容。

『叁』 数学专用词汇英文表示 例如:角度 angle

A
abelian group:阿贝尔群; absolute geometry:绝对几何; absolute value:绝对值; abstract algebra:抽象代数; addition:加法; algebra:代数; algebraic closure:代数闭包; algebraic geometry:代数几何; algebraic geometry and analytic geometry:代数几何和解析几何; algebraic numbers:代数数; algorithm:算法; almost all:绝大多数; analytic function:解析函数; analytic geometry:解析几何; and:且; angle:角度; anticommutative:反交换律; antisymmetric relation:反对称关系; antisymmetry:反对称性; approximately equal:约等于; Archimedean field:阿基米德域; Archimedean group:阿基米德群; area:面积; arithmetic:算术; associative algebra:结合代数; associativity:结合律; axiom:公理; axiom of constructibility:可构造公理; axiom of empty set:空集公理; axiom of extensionality:外延公理; axiom of foundation:正则公理; axiom of pairing:对集公理; axiom of regularity:正则公理; axiom of replacement:代换公理; axiom of union:并集公理; axiom schema of separation:分离公理; axiom schema of specification:分离公理; axiomatic set theory:公理集合论; axiomatic system:公理系统;
B
Baire space:贝利空间; basis:基; Bézout's identity:贝祖恒等式; Bernoulli's inequality:伯努利不等式 ; Big O notation:大O符号; bilinear operator:双线性算子; binary operation:二元运算; binary predicate:二元谓词; binary relation:二元关系; Boolean algebra:布尔代数; Boolean logic:布尔逻辑; Boolean ring:布尔环; boundary:边界; boundary point:边界点; bounded lattice:有界格;
C
calculus:微积分学; Cantor's diagonal argument:康托尔对角线方法; cardinal number:基数; cardinality:势; cardinality of the continuum:连续统的势; Cartesian coordinate system:直角坐标系; Cartesian proct:笛卡尔积; category:范畴; Cauchy sequence:柯西序列; Cauchy-Schwarz inequality:柯西不等式; Ceva's Theorem:塞瓦定理; characteristic:特征; characteristic polynomial:特征多项式; circle:圆; class:类; closed:闭集; closure:封闭性 或 闭包; closure algebra:闭包代数; combinatorial identities:组合恒等式; commutative group:交换群; commutative ring:交换环; commutativity::交换律; compact:紧致的; compact set:紧致集合; compact space:紧致空间; complement:补集 或 补运算; complete lattice:完备格; complete metric space:完备的度量空间; complete space:完备空间; complex manifold:复流形; complex plane:复平面; congruence:同余; congruent:全等; connected space:连通空间; constructible universe:可构造全集; constructions of the real numbers:实数的构造; continued fraction:连分数; continuous:连续; continuum hypothesis:连续统假设; contractible space:可缩空间; convergence space:收敛空间; cosine:余弦; countable:可数; countable set:可数集; cross proct:叉积; cycle space:圈空间; cyclic group:循环群;
D
de Morgan's laws:德·摩根律; Dedekind completion:戴德金完备性; Dedekind cut:戴德金分割; del:微分算子; dense:稠密; densely ordered:稠密排列; derivative:导数; determinant:行列式; diffeomorphism:可微同构; difference:差; differentiable manifold:可微流形; differential calculus:微分学; dimension:维数; directed graph:有向图; discrete space:离散空间; discriminant:判别式; distance:距离; distributivity:分配律; dividend:被除数; dividing:除; divisibility:整除; division:除法; divisor:除数; dot proct:点积;
E
eigenvalue:特征值; eigenvector:特征向量; element:元素; elementary algebra:初等代数; empty function:空函数; empty set:空集; empty proct:空积; equal:等于; equality:等式 或 等于; equation:方程; equivalence relation:等价关系; Euclidean geometry:欧几里德几何; Euclidean metric:欧几里德度量; Euclidean space:欧几里德空间; Euler's identity:欧拉恒等式; even number:偶数; event:事件; existential quantifier:存在量词; exponential function:指数函数; exponential identities:指数恒等式; expression:表达式; extended real number line:扩展的实数轴;
F
false:假; field:域; finite:有限; finite field:有限域; finite set:有限集合; first-countable space:第一可数空间; first order logic:一阶逻辑; foundations of mathematics:数学基础; function:函数; functional analysis:泛函分析; functional predicate:函数谓词; fundamental theorem of algebra:代数基本定理; fraction:分数;
G
gauge space:规格空间; general linear group:一般线性群; geometry:几何学; gradient:梯度; graph:图; graph of a relation:关系图; graph theory:图论; greatest element:最大元; group:群; group homomorphism:群同态;
H
Hausdorff space:豪斯多夫空间; hereditarily finite set:遗传有限集合; Heron's formula:海伦公式; Hilbert space:希尔伯特空间; Hilbert's axioms:希尔伯特公理系统; Hodge decomposition:霍奇分解; Hodge Laplacian:霍奇拉普拉斯算子; homeomorphism:同胚; horizontal:水平; hyperbolic function identities:双曲线函数恒等式; hypergeometric function identities:超几何函数恒等式; hyperreal number:超实数;
I
identical:同一的; identity:恒等式; identity element:单位元; identity matrix:单位矩阵; idempotent:幂等; if:若; if and only if:当且仅当; iff:当且仅当; imaginary number:虚数; inclusion:包含; index set:索引集合; indiscrete space:非离散空间; inequality:不等式 或 不等; inequality of arithmetic and geometric means:平均数不等式; infimum:下确界; infinite series:无穷级数; infinite:无穷大; infinitesimal:无穷小; infinity:无穷大; initial object:初始对象; inner angle:内角; inner proct:内积; inner proct space:内积空间; integer:整数; integer sequence:整数列; integral:积分; integral domain:整数环; interior:内部; interior algebra:内部代数; interior point:内点; intersection:交集; inverse element:逆元; invertible matrix:可逆矩阵; interval:区间; involution:回旋; irrational number:无理数; isolated point:孤点; isomorphism:同构;
J
Jacobi identity:雅可比恒等式; join:并运算;
K
格式: Kuratowski closure axioms:Kuratowski 闭包公理;
L
least element:最小元; Lebesgue measure:勒贝格测度; Leibniz's law:莱布尼茨律; Lie algebra:李代数; Lie group:李群; limit:极限; limit point:极限点; line:线; line segment:线段; linear:线性; linear algebra:线性代数; linear operator:线性算子; linear space:线性空间; linear transformation:线性变换; linearity:线性性; list of inequalities:不等式列表; list of linear algebra topics:线性代数相关条目; locally compact space:局部紧致空间; logarithmic identities:对数恒等式; logic:逻辑学; logical positivism:逻辑实证主义; law of cosines:余弦定理; L??wenheim-Skolem theorem:L??wenheim-Skolem 定理; lower limit topology:下限拓扑;
M
magnitude:量; manifold:流形; map:映射; mathematical symbols:数学符号; mathematical analysis:数学分析; mathematical proof:数学证明; mathematics:数学; matrix:矩阵; matrix multiplication:矩阵乘法; meaning:语义; measure:测度; meet:交运算; member:元素; metamathematics:元数学; metric:度量; metric space:度量空间; model:模型; model theory:模型论; molar arithmetic:模运算; mole:模; monotonic function:单调函数; multilinear algebra:多重线性代数; multiplication:乘法; multiset:多样集;
N
naive set theory:朴素集合论; natural logarithm:自然对数; natural number:自然数; natural science:自然科学; negative number:负数; neighbourhood:邻域; New Foundations:新基础理论; nine point circle:九点圆; non-Euclidean geometry:非欧几里德几何; nonlinearity:非线性; non-singular matrix:非奇异矩阵; nonstandard model:非标准模型; nonstandard analysis:非标准分析; norm:范数; normed vector space:赋范向量空间; n-tuple:n 元组 或 多元组; nullary:空; nullary intersection:空交集; number:数; number line:数轴;
O
object:对象; octonion:八元数; one-to-one correspondence:一一对应; open:开集; open ball:开球; operation:运算; operator:算子; or:或; order topology:序拓扑; ordered field:有序域; ordered pair:有序对; ordered set:偏序集; ordinal number:序数; ordinary mathematics:一般数学; origin:原点; orthogonal matrix:正交矩阵;
P
p-adic number:p进数; paracompact space:仿紧致空间; parallel postulate:平行公理; parallelepiped:平行六面体; parallelogram:平行四边形; partial order:偏序关系; partition:分割; Peano arithmetic:皮亚诺公理; Pedoe's inequality:佩多不等式; perpendicular:垂直; philosopher:哲学家; philosophy:哲学; philosophy journals:哲学类杂志; plane:平面; plural quantification:复数量化; point:点; Point-Line-Plane postulate:点线面假设; polar coordinates:极坐标系; polynomial:多项式; polynomial sequence:多项式列; positive-definite matrix:正定矩阵; positive-semidefinite matrix:半正定矩阵; power set:幂集; predicate:谓词; predicate logic:谓词逻辑; preorder:预序关系; prime number:素数; proct:积; proof:证明; proper class:纯类; proper subset:真子集; property:性质; proposition:命题; pseudovector:伪向量; Pythagorean theorem:勾股定理;
Q
Q.E.D.:Q.E.D.; quaternion:四元数; quaternions and spatial rotation:四元数与空间旋转; question:疑问句; quotient field:商域; quotient set:商集;
R
radius:半径; ratio:比; rational number:有理数; real analysis:实分析; real closed field:实闭域; real line:实数轴; real number:实数; real number line:实数线; reflexive relation:自反关系; reflexivity:自反性; reification:具体化; relation:关系; relative complement:相对补集; relatively complemented lattice:相对补格; right angle:直角; right-handed rule:右手定则; ring:环;
S
scalar:标量; second-countable space:第二可数空间; self-adjoint operator:自伴随算子; sentence:判断; separable space:可分空间; sequence:数列 或 序列; sequence space:序列空间; series:级数; sesquilinear function:半双线性函数; set:集合; set-theoretic definition of natural numbers:自然数的集合论定义; set theory:集合论; several complex variables:一些复变量; shape:几何形状; sign function:符号函数; singleton:单元素集合; social science:社会科学; solid geometry:立体几何; space:空间; spherical coordinates:球坐标系; square matrix:方块矩阵; square root:平方根; strict:严格; structural recursion:结构递归; subset:子集; subsequence:子序列; subspace:子空间; subspace topology:子空间拓扑; subtraction:减法; sum:和; summation:求和; supremum:上确界; surreal number:超实数; symmetric difference:对称差; symmetric relation:对称关系; system of linear equations:线性方程组;
T
tensor:张量; terminal object:终结对象; the algebra of sets:集合代数; theorem:定理; top element:最大元; topological field:拓扑域; topological manifold:拓扑流形; topological space:拓扑空间; topology:拓扑 或 拓扑学; total order:全序关系; totally disconnected:完全不连贯; totally ordered set:全序集; transcendental number:超越数; transfinite recursion:超限归纳法; transitivity:传递性; transitive relation:传递关系; transpose:转置; triangle inequality:三角不等式; trigonometric identities:三角恒等式; triple proct:三重积; trivial topology:密着拓扑; true:真; truth value:真值;
U
unary operation:一元运算; uncountable:不可数; uniform space:一致空间; union:并集; unique:唯一; unit interval:单位区间; unit step function:单位阶跃函数; unit vector:单位向量; universal quantification:全称量词; universal set:全集; upper bound:上界;
V
vacuously true:??; Vandermonde's identity:Vandermonde 恒等式; variable:变量; vector:向量; vector calculus:向量分析; vector space:向量空间; Venn diagram:文氏图; volume:体积; von Neumann ordinal:冯·诺伊曼序数; von Neumann universe:冯·诺伊曼全集; vulgar fraction:分数;
Z
Zermelo set theory:策梅罗集合论; Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory:策梅罗-弗兰克尔集合论; ZF set theory:ZF 系统; zero:零; zero object:零对象;
绝对很全了~

『肆』 数学的一些专业课用英语怎么说

differential mean value theorem 微分中值定理
Rolle's theorem 罗尔定理
Lagrange theorem 拉格朗日定理
Cauchy's theorem 柯西定理
Time Series Analysis 时间序列分析
Random Variables 随机变量
Series Forecast 序列预测版
Smoothing Rules 平滑法
Fitting Trend Rules 趋势权拟合法

http://www.hjcz.org/bbs/read.php?tid=113975上这个网站上,先注册个(免费的哦),就能下载数学专业名词中英词汇那里都是!!

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