钢厂英语怎么说及英文翻译

『壹』 鄂钢11冶金专业英语考试题及答案

一．词组汉译英（任选10个词组作为一道词组汉译英题目，每题2分）.
1.炼钢 2.高温 3.熟铁 4.平炉 5.木炭 6.. 炉腹 7.铁沟 8.钢厂 9.高炉 10.熔池 11.风量 12.石灰 13.脉石 14.球团矿 15.喷水 16.连铸系统 17.资金
18.铸坯 19. 铁水 20.合金
答案：1. steelmaking 2.high temperature 3.wrought iron 4.open-hearth 5.charcoal
6.bosh 7. iron runner 8.steel plant 9.blast furnace 10.bath 11.blast volume
12.lime 13.gangue 14.pellet 15、water spray 16.casting system 17.capital
18.strand 19.hot metal 20.alloy
二、选择题(任选10题，每题2分)
1.Hematite is ( A ) of the most widely used ores.
A.one B.a C.an D.the
2.In the case of red iron ore,the compound of iron and oxygen(C ) not so “tight”.
A.are B.am C.is D.was
3.Iron and oxygen atoms are very closely( A ) with each other in magnetite.
A.combined B.combining c.combines D.combine
4.Early sponge iron was( B )in bloomery hearths furnaces.
A.proce B.proced C.proces D.procing
5.Pig iron consists( B )the element iron combined with numerous other chemical elements,
A.in B.of C.with D.for
6.In 1709,Abraham Darby,a young man succeeded in( A ) iron with coke.
A.smelting B.smelt C.smelted D.smelts
7.The earth( B ) a large number of metals which are useful to man.One of the most important of these is iron.
A.containing B.contains C.contained D.contain
8.Modern instry ( B )considerable quantities of this metal,either in the form of iron or the form of steel.
A.needed B.needs C.needing D.need
9.All five of these elements must either be removed almost entirely or at( B )reced drastically in amount.
A.most B.least C.more D.less
10.Modern steelmaking processes are ( C )into two general classes from the chemical point of view.
A.divide B.dividing C.divided D.divides
11.The primary( A )between the two methods of steelmaking is that phosphorus and sulphur can only be removed effectively from the metal under a cover of basic slag.
A.difference B.different C.differences D.difference from
12.The slag is ( C ) and the copper is stirred with tree trunks.
A.remove B.removing C.removed D.removes
13.Poling is a critical operation in which the aim is( A)the oxygen content down to 0.03%-0.06%.
A.to bring B.bring C.brung D.brings
14.Tough pitch copper contains0.03%-0.06% oxygen and is very ( B)for working.
A.suit B.suitable C.suited D.suits
15.If the copper is over-poled it must be re-( C)and re-poled.
A.oxidising B.oxidise C.oxidised D.oxidises
16.Forging is usually(B)by hammers.
A.doing B.done C.does D.do
17.Rolling is the process of shaping metal in a maching( B) rolling mill.
A.calls B.called C.call D.calling
18.Stamping or cold forging means( B) cold-rolled or hot-rolled sheets between two dies.
A.to press B.pressing C.press D.pressed
19.When you wake up in the moring rested after a good night’s(A )you look at your watch to see the time.
A.sleeping B.sleep C.sleeps D.sleeped
20.The street car which (B)you to school or to work gets its power from the heavily charged trolley wires overhead.
A.take B.takes C.taking D.taked
21．The important traits of steel,such as a high melting point,high specific heat,and low heat conctivity,are factors ( A ) the difficulty in continuous steel casting.
A.to B.for C.with D.of
22.Contimuous casting of rounds is quite ( B ) at present.
A. limiting B.limited C.limits D.limit
23. The refining of steel by Bessemer and open-hearth processes removes impurities（ B）pig iron by the oxygen of the air
A.with B.from C.among D.of
24. Most of the impurities（ B ）taken into the slag.
A.is B.are C.being D.was
25. Bessemer himself had envisaged the use of oxygen but of course he( D )not obtain sufficient amounts.
A.can B.must C had D.could
26. In the 1960s steel-making ( C )a leap forward.
A.takes B.taking C.took D.taked
27.These react with( B )sand or lime to form a slag which is removed separately.
A.add B.added C.adding D.adds
28.The continuous casting of steel has been difficult to ( A).
A.perform B.be performed C.performed D.performing
29.Low alloy steels with under 10 percent of added elements and high alloy steels( A )over 10 percent of added elements.
A.with B.within C.of D.for
30.The alloying elements modify the effect of the ( B).
A.treat B.treatment C.treatments D.treating
三、将以下单词填入空白处（任选一题作为填空题，每空2分）。
《1》 notch support mould bleeders undertaken ceramic skimmer double plug applied
1.The furnace is built on o foundation of pilings and concrete to( support ) the furnace and burden.
2.Above the iron notch is the slag ( notch ).
3.Between the bosh and lower stack usually has a ( ceramic ) lining.
4.The design of the cooling system and refractory should be (undertaken )together.
5.The charge is hoisted to the top of the furnace and mped on to a ( double )bell and hopper arrangement .
6.Liquid slag will float on the iron and is separated from the iron by the ( skimmer )in the casthouse.
7.The mudgun is used to (plug )the taphole at the end of the cast.
8.At the top of the uptakes are a series of pressure relief valves called ( bleeders ).
9.Nowadays,secondary refining is generally ( applied )after the refining process.
10.The metal is also cast into ( mould )in the vaccum chamber.
答案：
《2》 metallurgical partly hydrogen sponge iron ore gas seal legs equipment undergo reformer
1.The blast furnace takes place the direct rection process,which is the great improvement in the( metallurgical ) technology.
2.In gas rection process,recing gases are carbon monoxide,( hydrogen )and mixtures.
3.The shaft-furnace process plays an important part in ( gas ) rection process.
4.The main component of the MIdrex process are the shaft furnace,the gas( reformer ),and the cooling-gas system.
5.The cooled DRI is continuously discharged through ( seal legs ) at the bottom of the furnace.
6.Rotary kiln furnace is important ( equipment ) used solid recing agents.
7.The outcome of all direct rection techniques is ( sponge iron ).
8.Smelting rection thechology usually proces hot metal from( ore )without coke.
9.Dissolved gases only ( partly) escape while the steel solidifies.
10.Nitrogen lowers the ability of steels to (undergo)deep drawing operations.

四、英译汉（单词2分一个,任选5个作为一题）
○1ironmaking ○2belt ○3slab ○4blast furnace ○5slag pit ○6spring
○7green pellet ○8limestone ○9BOF ○10belly ○11preheat ○12burden ○13oxgen lance
○14ladle ○15DRI ○16EAF ○17.oxygen ○18.parameter ○19.water glass ○20.ferroalloy
答案：1.炼铁 2.皮带 3.板坯 4.高炉 5.渣池 6.弹簧 7.生球
8.石灰石 9.碱性氧气转炉 10.炉腰 11.预热 12.炉料 13.氧枪
14.钢包 15.直接还原铁 16.电弧炉 17.氧气 18.参数 19.水玻璃
20. 铁合金
五．将以下句子翻译成中文。（任选5个作为一题，每题6分）
1. After its inventors,it was also known as the Siemens-Martin process(or open hearth process).
2. As the demand for high quality steels increased,post-treatment became a routine step in the proction of steel.
3. The portion of the ore that is too fine to be charged directly into blast furnace is usually agglomerated.
4. The molten slag usually goes directly to slag pits adjacent to the casthouse, where it is cooled with water sprays.
5. The checker chamber is packed bricks which provide many small,vertically aligned flues for the high temperature gases.
6. The deoxidization procts settle out in the slag.
答案：1.依据它的发明者的名字命名，就叫做西门子-马丁工艺（平炉工艺）。
2. 随着对高质量钢需求的增长，炉外精炼已成为当今炼钢过程中必不可少的步骤。
3. 矿石中很细小的颗粒不能直接装入高炉，通常需要烧结成块状。
4. 熔渣通常直接送到出铁场附近的渣池，在那里用水喷射冷却。
5. 蓄热室是用格子砖堆砌而成，它能提供许多直径比较小的高温气体直通管。
6. 脱氧产物进入渣中。

『贰』 钢筋上的数字和字母分别代表什么意思

从左至右，数字为钢筋级别，英文字母为厂家注册名称，数字为钢筋有效直径。如：3表示二级钢筋，YA表示安阳钢铁厂，20表示钢筋直径20。表示为3YA20。

PG代表钢厂或者产地，一般是拼音字首，例如：CW—四川威远钢厂，CS—成实牌，25表示公称直径为25。E表示抗震钢筋。钢筋的直径。

例如：12Ф8@200，这里边的12代表12根钢筋。Ф8代表钢筋直径为8mm，200代表钢筋绑扎的间距是200mm，在线的如果是只给了一个Ф8 就表示钢筋的直径为8mm。

钢筋的检验

钢筋的检验首先要检查钢筋的标牌号及质量证明书；其次要做外观检查，从每批钢筋中抽取5%，检查其表面不得有裂纹、创伤和叠层，钢筋表面的凸块不得超过横肋的高度，缺陷的深度和高度不得大于所在部位的允许和偏差，钢筋每一米弯曲度不应大于四毫米；接下来力学性能试验，每批若小于60吨则从中抽取2根，每根截取两段，分别做拉伸和冷弯试验。