英语四级考试文物出版社语法
【篇一】2021年6月大学英语四级语法考点整理
谈谈alive的用法
1.关于比较等级的使用
表示“活着的”、“在世的”,其反义词是dead(死的);没有比较等级的变化。但表示“有活力的”、“活泼的”等义时,可以有比较等级的变化,且通常要加more,most 构成。如:
My grandfather is more alive than a lot of youngpeople. 我爷爷比许多年轻人还有生气。
2.关于用作定语
通差胡虚常不放在名词前作定语,但可作作表语或后置定语。如:
He must be still alive. 她一定还活着。
He‘s the happiest man alive. 他在世界上最幸福的人。
Although he is old, he is very much alive. 虽然他很老了,但还很有生气。
注意:
但是若本身带有修饰语,则可以用作前置定语:
a really alive student 一个十分活跃的学生
a really alive town 一个十分热闹市镇
除用作表语和有时用作定语外,alive有时还用作状语或补语。如:
He was buried alive. 他被活埋了。
The spy was caught alive. 特务被活捉了。
I‘m afraid he can't come back alive. 恐怕他不能活着回来。虚燃
3.关于修饰语的使用
一般不用very修饰,但可用 much,very much,all等修饰。如:
He is (very) much alive. 他非常活跃。
The city was all alive when we arrived. 我们到达时,城里非常热闹。
但是当 alive(to)表示“意识到”(=aware of)时,可用very修饰。如:
He is very alive to the danger. 他完全意识到了这危险。
4.用于搭配be alive with
该习语意为“充满”、“到处是”。如:
The woods are alive with birds. 树林中到处是鸟。
The street was alive with people. 街上挤满了人。
The sky was alive with stars. 满天星斗。
5.alive,living,live的区别
三者均可表示“活着”,但用法有区别:
做物(1)alive通常不放在名词前作定语 (可用作表语或后置定语),但是本身有修饰语时,可用作前置定语等 (见以上分析和例句);主要用于人或动物。
(2)living 可用作表语或定语,可用于人或物。如:
Both plants and animals are living things. 动植物都是生物。
My first English teacher is still living? 我的英语启蒙老师还健在。
English is a living language. 英语是一门活生生的语言。
从含义上看alive与living都可表示“活着”,含义很接近,只要句法适合,两者有时可互换。如:
the greatest scientist alive = the greatest living scientist 当代最伟大的科学家
Are your grandparents still alive [living]? 你祖父母还健在吗?
若要严格区分,两者仍有差别。如:
living 侧重指“健在”或“尚在人间”,而alive则侧重指生与死的“界限”:
In the car accident the mother was killed, but her two-year-old son was found alive. 在这次车祸中,母亲死了,但是她两岁的儿子却还活着。
(3)live 只用作定语 (前置),主要用于动物、植物等 (一般不用于人) .如:
He bought some live fish. 他买了几条活鱼。
Only a few live trees were left after the fire. 火灾之后只剩下几棵树还活着。
【篇二】2021年6月大学英语四级语法考点整理
angry的介词搭配特点:
1.表示“对某人生气”,一般用介词 with(有时也用 at)
The teacher got angry with [at] me. 老师对我生气了。
有的词书认为:用with表示心中感到生气,而用at则表示怒气流露于外表,但总的说来此时还是用with的场合较多。
2.表示“对某事生气”,一般用介词 at(about)
He was rather angry at what you said. 他对你说的话相当生气。
I was angry about missing the film. 没看上那部电影我很气恼。
He was angry at being kept waiting. 他因久等而生气。
有的词书认为:at 之后接某人之言行,about 之后接某事,但这种区别并不十分严格,两者常可换用。
3.表示生气的原因,一般用介词for
He was angry with me for not having done anything. 因为我什么也没做,他对我很生气。
注:be angry 之后除搭配介词外,还可接不定式或从句:
He‘ll be angry to find that nothing has been done. 他发现什么都没做,他会生气的。
He was angry that the door was locked. 门锁上了,他很生气。
【篇三】2021年6月大学英语四级语法考点整理
-ed形容词与-ing形容词的用法区别
1. 以后缀-ed结尾的形容词(如 ashamed,delighted,excited,frightened,interested,moved,pleased,surprised,worried 等)通常用于说明人,不用于说明事物,即使它们所修饰的名词是事物,那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。如:
He had a pleased smile on his face. 他脸上露出了满意的微笑。
He told me the news in a very excited voice. 他告诉了我这个消息,声音很激动。
第一句中的a pleased smile 意为“满意的微笑”,它指的是某人因感到满意发出的微笑;第二句中的 excited voice 指的是“激动的声音”,即指的是带有这种声音的某人感到激动。
原则上,-ed 形容词通常直接用于说明人,若修饰事物,则多为 air(神态),appearance(外貌),cry(哭声),face(表情),voice(声音),mood(情绪)等与显示某人的情感状况的名词。
2. 以后缀-ing结尾的形容词(如 delighting,exciting,frightening,interesting,moving,surprising,worrying 等)主要用于说明事物,表示事物的性质或特征,若用它们说明人,则表示此人具有此性质或特征。如:
The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。
2. 大学英语四级语法指导
五篇大学英语四级语法指导
篇一: 大学英语四级语法指导
倒装的六条原则:
1. so放在句首时表示承前肯定,这个句子用部分倒装;
nor, neither放在句首时表示承前否定,句子也用部分倒装;
2. 省略了引导词if 的虚拟条件从句,可以把从句中的had, should, could, were中的任何一个提到从句最前面的位置,构成部分倒装;
3. as, though表示“尽管”时引导从句,从句中的表语可以置于引导词之前构成部分倒装;
系动词后面的部分就是表语,形容词、名词、名词性短语可以置于系动词之后。
例如:She is beautiful. They are students.
四级考试中出现的是由动词的过去分词转变的形容词作表语的形式。
例、 _B_ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.
A Being published B Published C Publishing D To be published
当题干是as引导一个从句,且as前为一个空格时他表示的就是尽管,空格处要填的就是表语。
being published 正在被出版; to be published 将要被出版。
此句恢复正常语序应为: As it was published at such a time …
4. 表示否定含义的单词或短语放在句首,句子用部分倒装;
常见的一些表示否定含义的单词:never, little, few, hardly (… when), scarcely (… when) ;
seldom 难得,不常;nowhere 哪里都不。
常见的一些表示否定含义的短语:in no way 决不; on no account 决不;
under no circumstances 在任何情况下都不。
5. only + 状语放在句首,句子用部分倒装;(如果only去掉就是全部倒装)
例、Only under special circumstances _C_ to take make-up tests.
A permitted are freshmen B freshmen are permitted
C are freshmen permitted D are permitted freshmen
freshmen 新生; make up for 弥补,补偿; make-up tests 补考(缓考)。
6. 注意两个表达形式:come what may 无论发生什么情况; say what you will 畅所欲言。
篇二:大学英语四级语法指导
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看电视用,看比赛用; see 看电影用;
感官动词watch, see, hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do
be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放弃; give in 屈服,让步; give off 释放,放出(烟和气体);
give away 泄露,走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。
I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持,继续。
6. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood.
A all in all B above all C after all D over all
all in all 总而言之;above all 首先,尤其是;after all 毕竟,终究;overall 全面的,总体的
in a word 总之,in short 简而言之,in conclusion 最后,总之,to sum up总之,总而言之。
7. _B_ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now
now that 既然,由于(相当于since); ever since 自从…以来。
与that搭配且后面可以加句子的几个表达形式:
now that 既然,由于; in that 因为; except that 除…之外。
except后面加名词或代词;except that后面加句子。
8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor’s orders.
A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to
be attached to 连接,附属; This school is attached to Beida. 这所学校附属于北大。
responsible to 对…负有责任; resistant adj. 反抗的,抵抗的; water resistant 防水的。
be contrary to 与。。相反(相违背)。
9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week.
A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going
regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do sth. 遗憾的做某事(应用语境非常有限)。
10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_.
A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice
out of work 失业; out of reach 够不着 within reach 够得着; out of practice 缺乏练习。
篇三:大学英语四级语法指导
动名词的复合结构:凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词,就可以加动名词的复合结构。
动作发出者 + 动名词;当动作发出者名字给出时:名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现,且动作发出者在前文中提过时:形容词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。
形容词物主代词:his, her, my, your, their, our。代词宾格:him, her, me, you, us, them。
第二点:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客观需要或缺乏。
例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.
A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被动含义。
例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
第三点:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味着,…的意思是…
例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]
A making B to make C to have made D having made
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看电视用,看比赛用; see 看电影用;
感官动词watch, see, hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do
be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的'过程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放弃; give in 屈服,让步; give off 释放,放出(烟和气体);
give away 泄露,走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。
I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持,继续。
篇四:大学英语四级语法指导
短语部分没有独立主语,则短语结构称为非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的结构:分词(分词短语)
句子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动还是被动形式。如果是句子的主语发出动作,则使用现在分词;如果动作不是由句子的主语发出,则使用过去分词。
1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;
to be performed 将要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;
一些特殊的动词:
第一点:forget 忘记; [反义] remember 记得;
这两个词后加动词不定式表示将要进行的行为;这两个词后加动词ing形式表示已经做过的事情。
注意:动名词与现在分词形式一样,但含义不同。这两个词后加动词ing形式都是动名词。
forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事;
remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 记得做过某事;
2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.
him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正确。
动名词的复合结构:凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词,就可以加动名词的复合结构。
动作发出者 + 动名词;当动作发出者名字给出时:名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现,且动作发出者在前文中提过时:形容词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。
形容词物主代词:his, her, my, your, their, our。代词宾格:him, her, me, you, us, them。
第二点:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客观需要或缺乏。
例. Your hair wants _B_. You’d better have it done tomorrow.
A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看电视用,看比赛用; see 看电影用;
感官动词watch, see, hear; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do
be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放弃; give in 屈服,让步; give off 释放,放出(烟和气体);
give away 泄露,走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分词; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); fight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 fight for 为…而战。
I fight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他并肩对付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 尽管; carry on 坚持,继续。
注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被动含义。
例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
第三点:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味着,…的意思是…
例. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]
A making B to make C to have made D having made
篇五:大学英语四级语法指导
非谓语动词与独立主格:短语,句子(或者句子,短语)
当短语部分有独立主语,并且该主语不同于句子主语,这时短语结构称为独立主格。(它最明显的特点是短语部分有独立的主语)。
独立主格的结构1:名词(代词)+ 分词 [现在分词、过去分词]
现在分词表示主动的,正在进行的行为;过去分词表示被动的,已经完成的行为。 作题时要通过判断动作与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当动作由名词(代词)发出时使用现在分词,而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过去分词。
1. Silver is the best conctor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.
A followed B following C to follow D being followed
2. All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered
call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四级中的考点就是现在分词和过去分词的区别。
独立主格的结构2:with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子当中作状语]
3. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding ecation, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged
as well as 和(相当于and); be encouraged不会考。
动词不定式有预示将来行为的含义。to be encouraged 将要被鼓励;
been encouraged 已经被鼓励完了,与主句的谓语动词相对;being encouraged 正在被鼓励
短语部分没有独立主语,则短语结构称为非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的结构:分词(分词短语)
句子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动还是被动形式。如果是句子的主语发出动作,则使用现在分词;如果动作不是由句子的主语发出,则使用过去分词。
1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;
to be performed 将要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;
一些特殊的动词:
第一点:forget 忘记; [反义] remember 记得;
这两个词后加动词不定式表示将要进行的行为;这两个词后加动词ing形式表示已经做过的事情。
注意:动名词与现在分词形式一样,但含义不同。这两个词后加动词ing形式都是动名词。
forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事;
remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 记得做过某事;
2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.
him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正确。
;3. 大学英语四级对语法的要求
大学英语四级的语法主要有虚拟语气,主谓一致,独立主格,名词性从句以及时态等等,四六级是不直接考察语法,但是听力中需要听句子,阅读中需要句子,作文中需要写句子,而语法是句子的骨架,有句子的地方就有语法,所以语法基础是四六级做题之根本。
虚拟语气:强调说话人的主观愿望和假想情况。考生应着重复习能引起虚拟语气的某些介词、介词短语和连词;主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,虚拟倒装句等等。
主谓一致:这类考题灵活性大,需要根据实际情况判断谓语动词的单复数形式。一部分具有生命意义的集合名词做主语时谓语动词多采用复数形式。
倒装结构:表示强调或突出,分为全部倒装和部分倒装。那些否定词(组)、介词短语能引起倒装句,部分倒装和全部倒装有何区别。
独立主格题:一般说来,在句子中没有连接词的情况下,逗号是无力连接两个句子的,其中一个分句要么是非谓语形式,要么是独立主格结构。这两种结构都做状语,不同的是独立主格结构有自己的逻辑主语。
名词性从句:形容词性的定语从句是考核的重点,用什么引导词,引导词前面的介词形式,引导词在从句中做什么成分(作宾语、主语还是状语等),从句的语序等等均有可能成为考点。

4. 大学英语四级对语法的要求
英语四级语法要求 :
能识别词类;区分名词的可数性和不可数性,可数名词的单复数形式;基本掌握各种代词的形式与用法;基数词和序数词、常用介词和连词、形容词和 副词的句法功能、比较级和最高级的构成及基本句型、冠词的一般用法;了解 动词的主要种类、时态、语态及不定式和分词的基本用法、句子种类、基本句 型和基本构词法。掌握主谓一致关系、表语从句、宾语从句、关系分句和状语 从句等句型、直接引语和间接引语的用法、动词不定式和分词的用法、各种时 态、主动语态、被动语态和构词法,还应该熟练掌握主语从句、同位语从句、倒装句和各种条件句。
拓展资料:
1.名词:可数及不可数名词;抽象、专有、物质名词的数;'s 属格的各种意义;某些以-s 结尾的名词的数;集体名词的数。
2. 限定词:限定词与三类名词的搭配关系;限定词与限定词的搭配关系;冠词的类指、特指和独指;冠词的习惯用法; some, any 和 no 的用法。
3. 代词:不定代词one, some, anyone 及不定代词one, they, we, you, he的用法;物主代词,非人称代词的用法;反身代词及其他动词宾语的用法。
4. 动词的时和体:一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成体;一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成体;将来时,过去将来时等的各种表达法和用法;情态动词的各种用法;虚拟式,被动态的用法;不定式和不定式分句,-ing 分词和_ing分句、 _ed分词和 _ed分句的用法。
5. 定语从句,名词性从句(包括宾语、主语、表语、同位语从句等);状语从句(包括时间、原因、目的、结果、方式、条件、让步等状语从句)。
6. 直接引语,间接引语,并列结构,从属结构(包括独立结构,无动词分句,非限定分句和限定分句的转换);形容词和副词的比较级、最高级;介词与介词词组;附加疑问句;存在句;主谓一致;后置、前置与倒装;省略。 从2005年开始,语法与词汇部分恢复为30道试题,题目中约50%为词汇。
英语四级,即CET-4,College English Test Band 4的缩写,是由国家教育部高等教育司主持的全国性教学考试。考试的主要对象是根据教育大纲修完大学英语四级的在校大学本科生或研究生。大学英语四、六级标准化考试自1986年末开始筹备,1987年正式实施。
英语四级考试目的是推动大学英语教学大纲的贯彻执行,对大学生的英语能力进行客观、准确的测量,为提高我国大学英语课程的教学质量服务。国家教育部委托“全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会”(1993年前名为“大学英语四、六级标准化考试设计组”)负责设计、组织、管理与实施大学英语四、六级考试。

就所测试的语言能力而言,试点阶段的四级考试由以下四个部分构成:1)听力理解;2)阅读理解;3)完型填空或改错;4)写作和翻译。
听力理解部分分值比例为35%;其中听力对话15%,听力短文20%。听力对话部分包括短对话和长对话的听力理解;听力短文部分包括选择题型的短文理解和复合式听写。
阅读理解部分分值比例为35%;其中仔细阅读部分25%,快速阅读部分10%。仔细阅读部分分为:a)选择题型的篇章阅读理解;b)篇章层次的词汇理解或短句问答。快速阅读理解部分测试的是浏览阅读和查读能力。
完型填空或改错部分分值比例为10%。完型填空部分采用多项选择题型,改错部分的要求是辨认错误并改正。
写作和翻译部分分值比例为20%;其中写作部分15%,翻译部分5%。写作的体裁包括议论文、说明文、应用文等,翻译部分测试的是句子、短语或常用表达层次上的中译英能力。
大学英语四六级--网络
