英语四级行论文
1.2022年6月大学英语四级作文模板
(1) 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。
橡慧兆1. 有一些人认为
2. 另一些人认为
3. 我的看法。
The topic of (主题)is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of (支持A的理由一)What is more, 理由二). Moreover, (理由三).
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),(理由二). Thirdly (finally),(理由三).
From my point of view, I think (我的观点). The reason is that (原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .
2.2022年6月大学英语四级梁租作文模板
Your address
Month, Date, year
Receiver's address
Dear ...,
I am extremely pleased to hear from you./ to see your advertisement for the position in .... And I would like to write a letter to tell you that.../ I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are advertising.
.../ I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have listed. On the one hand, .... On the other hand, .... I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and reference.
I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.
Best regards for your health and success.
Sincerely yours,
X X X
3.2022年6月大学英语四级作文模板
1、不同观点列举型( 选择型 )
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People,however,.Somepeoplehold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, thereis nodoubtthat ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat __观点一或二______.Itis not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
2、利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and rece the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
3、答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
4、谚语警句性议论文
It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )
A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.
With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..
4.2022年6月大学英语四级作文模板
Nowadays，with _______现象，people are becoming increasingly aware of the significance of _______主题词.In my point of view, _______标题变成陈述句. There are numerous reasons to support my point of my view,and I would explore only a few of the most importance ones here.
On of the primary causes is that _______支持论点的理由一.As the saying goes,_______引用名言证明理由一 .
Another reason that can be seen by every person is that _______支持论点的理由二，阐释理由二.
Taking into account of all these factors，we may draw the conclusion that_______重述标题观点或论点 .Therefore, _______提出意见或建议 .
5.2022年6月大学英语四级作文模板
要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径
1. 问题现状
2. 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明A的现状).Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三).
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).
『贰』 2021年12月英语四级作文模板与范文
【 #四六级考试# 导语】马上就要考试了，希望你安排好最近的时间与生活，劳役结合，抓好复习也要多多休息，相信你的努力不会让你失望，相信自己，放好心态向前冲。 为大家准备了以下内容，供大家参考阅读。1.2021年12月英语四级作文模板与范文
对比观点题型
(1) 要求论述梁租两个对立的观橡慧兆点并给出自己的看法。
1. 有一些人认为
2. 另一些人碧穗认为
3. 我的看法.....
The topic of (主题)is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of (支持A的理由一)What is more, 理由二). Moreover, (理由三).
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),(理由二). Thirdly (finally),(理由三).
From my point of view, I think (我的观点). The reason is that (原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .
2.2021年12月英语四级作文模板与范文
议论文的框架
(1) 不同观点列举型( 选择型 )
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
(2)利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and rece the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
( 3 ) 答题性议论文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.
As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.
Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.
3.2021年12月英语四级作文模板与范文
说明利弊题型
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)
1. 说明事物现状
2. 事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)
3. 你对现状(或前景)的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First (A的优点之一). Besides (A的优点之二).
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,(A的第二个缺点).
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to(我的看法).
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, (对前景的预测).)
4.2021年12月英语四级作文模板与范文
现象说明文
Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________,it is ture that__________.
There are many reasons explaining________________.The main reason is__________________.
what is more_______________.thirdly_______________.As a result_______________.
Considering all there,____________.For one thing__________________,for another________
5.2021年12月英语四级作文模板与范文
要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径
1. 问题现状
2. 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, (说明A的.现状).Second, (举例进一步说明现状)
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, (解决方法一). For another (解决方法二). Finally, 解决方法三).
Personally, I believe that (我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because (带来的好处).
『叁』 2021年6月大学英语四级作文万能模板
【 #四六级考试# 导语】掘樱放开往日的学习中的紧张，用一颗平常心去轻松面对，相信四级大考你会考出自己理想的成绩。愿好运一直陪伴着你。以下判肢丛是 考 网为大家精心整理的2021年6月大学英语四级作文万能模板，欢迎大家阅读。大学英语四级作文万能模板：辩论式议论文
模版1
Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.
There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1. More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3.
In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测.
模版2
People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 论据1. For another, 论据2.
Last but not the least, 论据3.
To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测.
模版3
There is no consensus [kən'sensəs] 一致of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion(观念) is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1。 Furthermore, 论据2。
大学英语四级作文万能模板：话题作文
这个模板的中文大意是：在某种场合，发生某种现象，并提供一些相关数据，然后列出这种现象的三个原因，并将三个原因总结为一个最主要原因，最后提出避免这种现象的两个办法。总的来说，利用这个模板写英语作文，是相当容易的，您只要将适当的内容，填写到对应的方括号中，一篇通顺的英语作文即可完成。下饥罩面就是这个模板。
Nowadays, there are more and more [某种现象] in [某种场合]. It is estimated that [相关数据]. Why have there been so many [某种现象]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is [原因一]. Besides, [原因二]. The third one is [原因三]. To sum up, the main cause of [某种现象] is e to [最主要原因]. It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, [解决办法一]. On the other hand, [解决办法二]. All these measures will certainly rece the number of [某种现象].
(I)说明原因型
模块(一)
Nowadays ,there are more and more XX in some big cities . It is estimated that ( 1 ). Why have there been so many XX ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is that ( 2 ) .Besides,( 3 ) . The third reason is ( 4 ).To sum up ,the main cause of XX is e to ( 5 ) .
It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing ,( 6 ).On the other hand ,( 7 ). All these measures will certainly rece the number of XX .
注释：
(1)用具体数据说明XX现象(2)原因一(3)原因二(4)原因三(5)指出主要原因
(6)解决建议一 (7)解决建议二
Generation gap between parents and children
Nowadays , there are more and more misunderstanding between parents and children which is so- called generation gap . It is estimated that (75 percentages of parents often complain their children's unreasonable behavior while children usually think their parents too old fashioned).
Why have there been so much misunderstanding between parents and children?Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows . The first one is that ( the two generations,having grown up at different times, have different likes and dislikes ,thus the disagreement often rises between them) . Besides(e to having little in common to talk about , they are not willing to sit face to face ) . The third reason is (with the pace of modern life becoming faster and faster , both of them are so busy with their work or study that they don't spare enough time to exchange ideas ).To sum up ,the main cause of XX is e to ( lake of communication and understanding each other) .
It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing (children should respect their parents ).On the other hand ,( parents also should show solicitue for their children). All these measures will certainly bridge the generation gap .
(I)说明原因型
模块(2)
In recent years , xx has caused a heated debate on ( 1 ).
The factors for ( 2 ) .First of all ,( 3 ).Then , there comes a case that ( 4 ). Moreover , ( 5 ) . Especially when ( 6 ) .Indeed, these unique points can be collected theo remind people that ( 7 ).In this way ,we should behave just like ( 8 ).
The impact of Television.
In recent years , with the development of science and technology ,80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV , offering as many as 50 channels .It has caused a heated debate on (the impact of television on children ). Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.
The factors for (parents' worry is that children are inlge in television and spend too much time on it .) .First of all ,(with so many programs to choose from , children are not getting as much exercise as they should ).Then , there comes a case that ( some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school ).
Moreover , ( the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies ) . Especially when ( the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them ) .
Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that ( they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing ).In this way ,children will not be influented too deeply .
(I)说明原因型
模块(3)
Currently,XX has been the order of the day .This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than XX .
It is clear that (1). If you (2), as a result ,your dreams willcome true . On the contrary, if you (3). Failure will be followingwith you .It turns out that all your plan falls through .
No one can deny another fact that (4) .You donn't have to lookvery far to find out the truth , in respect that we all know (5) . It will exert a profound influence upon (6).
With reference to my standpoint ,I think (7).
注释：
1 ： XX的第一个优点 2： 支持XX的做法 3：不支持XX的做法 4：XX的第二个优点
5：举例证明优点二 6：说明XX优点三的影响第三天我写的相应作文：
The importance of self-confidence
Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day .This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than self-confidence.
It is clear that (self-confidence means trust in one's abilities ). If you ( are full of self-confidence ,it will bring your creative power to play , arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties ), as a result , your dreams willcome true .On the contrary, if you ( have no confidence in yourself,there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything ). Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through . From Joozone.com.
No one can deny another fact that (self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed) .You donn't have to lookvery far to find out the truth , in respect that we all know (the secret of MMe.Curie lies in preserverence and self-confidence,the latter in particular) . It will exert a profound influence upon ( the achievement of one's ambitions ).
With reference to my standpoint ,I think (he that can have self-confidence can have what he will).
(I)说明原因型
模块(4)
For most of us today ,(1).From above ,we can find that the reasons why (2) are as follows.The primary reason ,i think,is (3).Second,(4).The third reason,actually,is (5).The significance for (6)。Therefore ,(7).
注释：(1)人们针对XX的态度和举措(2)归纳现状(3)第一个原因(4)第二个原因(5)第三个原因
(6)重申造成现状的最重要原因(7)我的建议我写的模块(4)的相应的作文
pollution
most of us today (recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem . lots of plants trees corps are destroyed by bad air .many fish die of poisonous water . thousandsof people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in gas . therefore ,environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling ,or bringing death not only to human beings ,but also to wild life .)from above ,we can find that the reasons why (environment are polluted more and more seriously) are as follows.
the primary reason ,I think , is (the reason of harmful substances into environment . for example ,to prevent insects ,farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests . however ,they pollute air ,water and land ).second,(the gas coming from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly ).the third reason actually is (the result of a growing population in the world . everyday , so much litter and waste are poured out from houses ,also pollute the environment ).the significance for (controlling pollution ) noted that it's high time that more effective measures should be taken .therefore ,(new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories . moreover ,in the households ,there is an obvious need to rece litter and waste . let's make our good efforts ,and the world will be a safer place to live for us ).
(I)说明原因型模块(5)
These days we often hear that ( 1 ).
It is common that ( 2 ).
Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social
protects? For one thing ,( 3 ).
For another,( 4 ). What is more,since ( 5 ),it is natural that ( 6 ).
To solve the problem is not easy at all ,but is worthtrying .We should do something such as ( 7 )to improve he present situation ,and i do believe everything will be better in the future .
(1)提出论题
(2)说明现状
(3)理由一
(4)理由二
(5)理由三
(6)理由三引起的后果
(7)解决方法
模块(5)的相应的作文
pollution of environment
These days we often hear that (our living conditions are getting more and more serious because of the destruction of our environment ).It is common that (many trees and animals are near extinction, and the all-important food chain has been destroyed .).
Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing ,(the population of the world is increasing so rapidly that the world has been so crowded. ).For another,(the overuse of natural resources has influenced the balance of natural ecology ). What is more , since ( the instrial revolution ) ,it is natural that (a great number of factories have been springing up like mushrooms .The smoke and harmful chemicals released from factories also pollute the environment ).
大学英语四级作文万能模板：给定观点
Nowadays，with _______现象，people are becoming increasingly aware of the significance of _______主题词.In my point of view, _______标题变成陈述句. There are numerous reasons to support my point of my view,and I would explore only a few of the most importance ones here.
On of the primary causes is that _______支持论点的理由一.As the saying goes,_______引用名言证明理由一 .
Another reason that can be seen by every person is that _______支持论点的理由二，阐释理由二.
Taking into account of all these factors，we may draw the conclusion that_______重述标题观点或论点 .Therefore, _______提出意见或建议 .
『肆』 英语四级文章写作基本理论与技巧
文章的写作
1. 文章的基本要求
2. 文章的基本结构
3. 文章正文的扩展方法
4. 文章开始段和结尾段的写法
5. 文章中的过渡本文来源:考试大网
1.2.1 文章的基本要求
文章是由段落组成的完整的语篇单位。虽然长度不一、字数不等。但文章一般具有以下共同的特点：
1） 论点明确一致；
2） 内容完整统一；
3） 论据详实慎禅具体；
英语四级段落写作基本理论与技巧
4） 衔接合理连贯；
5） 语言准确生动。
具体地说，一篇写得好的文章应该拥有一个贯穿全文的主题思想（theme or central idea），能用大量、具体的材料对主题作比较充分的论证；还应该有开头、发展部分和结尾，注重布局、衔接及文笔流畅恰当。
1.2.2 文章的基本结构
虽然段落和文章在长度上明显不同,但段落却素有“微型作文”之称,其结构及写作与文章有许多相似之处。请比较:
从上图可见,段落和文章都是由三个主要部分组成的:开头、扩展部分、结尾。只不过在段落中，作扩展句的部分在文章中成了正文部分各段落的主题句并得到了进一步充分的扩展和论述。无论是段落还是文章,所有的内容必须是围绕一个主题以求得全面、完整和统一,同时必须注重连贯性。
1.2.3 文章正文的扩展方法
文章正文的扩展方法与前面谈到的段落的展开方法相似，主要有列举法、举例法、因果法、比较对照法、分类法、定义法、时间顺序法和空间顺序法等。段落的结构和写作方法基本可以用于文章和写作之中，这里就不再一一赘述。
1.2.4 开始段的写法来源：考试大
大学英语作文通常由三个段落组成。由于字数有限，一篇文章基本上头、尾段短，中间段长。文章的开头虽短，但举足轻重，是文章成败的关键。开始段（Opening Paragraph）的目的在于提示主题，即引出文章要讨论的核心问题，从而起到统领全文的作用。因此，开始段要达到两个目的：一是抓住读者的兴趣及注意力；二是陈述文章主题、介绍相关背景并引导正文内容。
文章的开篇方法多种多样，大家必须根据文章的题材、体裁、读者等来加以选择。这里介绍四种常用的开篇方法：
1） 开门见山,直入主题
开始段可用简洁的语言直陈主题思想，既可以吸引读者的注意力，又可以避免跑题。例如：
主题：Euthanasia（安乐死）
It has been said that euthanasia is quietly being practiced in some urban areas of China, despite a lack of legal protection for the death option. In my opinion, it is right to exercise mercy killing.
该段第一句引入安乐死这一讨论的主题，第二句接着直接陈述作者对安乐死的看法宽返尘。从这个开始段不难看出，全文将阐述“为什么实行安乐死是对的”。
2） 以问句形式开头,点明主题世液
文章的开头还可用设问的方式点明主题，提示全文内容，激发读者读下去，探个究竟。例如：
主题：Water Shortage
China, a country blessed with a great number of rivers, has abundant water resources. However, China’s many cities are going thirsty.What has caused the shortage?
本段第一句说中国水资源丰富，第二句指出中国许多城市却缺水，第三句提出了读者心中的疑问：是什么原因导致缺水呢？从而激发读者的兴趣，吸引读者读下去，寻找问题的答案。
3） 引用名言、谚语，点明主题
开始段还可以巧妙引用与主题相关的名言、常用习语、谚语、格言等，既可增强文章的感染力，也可点题或表明作者的观点。例如：
主题：Honor（荣誉）
“We mutually pledge to each other our lives, our fortunes and our sacred honor.”
So ends the Declaration of Independence. The men who founded the United States had many differences, but they agreed on one thing: Honor. Two hundred years later we seem to have lost it.
该段引用《独立宣言》的结束语（“我们谨以我们的生命、我们的命运和我们神圣的荣誉相互立誓”），很自然地引入“荣誉”这一讨论的主题，同时也增强了文章的感染力。
4） 描写共有经历，引起共鸣本文来源:考试大网
开始段还可通过描写与读者共有的经历，引起读者的共鸣，增强说服力。例如：
主题：Daydreaming
“Daydreaming again, Barb? You’ll never amount to anything if you spend your time that way! Can’t you find something useful to do?”
Many youngsters have heard words like those from their parents. And until recently this hostile attitude towards daydreaming was the most common one. Daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time. Or it was considered an unhealthy escape from real life and its ties. But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming. Some think it may be a very healthy thing to do.
本段通过许多年经人常常从他们父母那听到的话开头，引出“白日做梦”这一主题，很容易引起读者的共鸣，激发他们的兴趣，同时又能增强了文章的说服力。
1.2.5 结尾段的写法
结尾段（Concluding Paragraph）同开篇一样重要。结尾段对全文要点进行概括总结、表达作者的目的，以求留给读者一个深刻完整的印象，增强文章的效果。下面介绍四种常见的结尾方法：
1) 总结全文,得出结论本文来源:考试大网
结尾段可用总结全文的方式强调、概括全文的主要内容，加深读者对全文的深刻了解与认识。例如：
主题：Physical exercise
In a word, I benefit a lot from doing physical exercise. I seldom get sick but feel vigorous even after a whole day’s work. I shall keep up doing physical exercise so as to live happily and fruitfully.
本段总结了全文，加深读者对“体育锻炼有益于健康”这一主题的认识。
2) 提出建议,号召行动,表达决心或展望未来
结尾段还可以在总结全文要点的基础上，对文中所提的暂时无法解决或尚无定论的问题适当引申，或提出建议，号召别人采取行动，或展望未来。这种方法可以启发读者思考并予以鼓舞，有助于增强文章的感染力。例如：
主题：Generation gap来源：www.examda.com
In order to reconcile the differences, some forms of organization should be established to help the young and the old to exchange their ideas and strengthen their mutual understanding so as to bridge the gap.
该段就怎样弥补代沟方面提出一些建议。
3) 建议与结论
文章的结尾常结合两种写法。有的先提出建议或解决办法，再做结论。有的则先做出结论，再提出建议，例如：
主题：Shortage of natural resources（自然资源短缺）
The prolonged development of human society proves that population and economic and social progress eventually cannot be achieved without natural resources. To save the limited resources, we must take some measures to handle appropriately the relationship between the population and resources.
该段首先进行总结：人类社会持续的发展证明，如果没有自然资源，人口的繁衍、经济和社会的发展最终都是不可能的。
作者接着建议，为了节约有限的资源，我们必须采取一些措施，正确处理人口与资源的关系。
4) 提醒读者事物的两面性
文章的结尾还可以以转折的形式，提醒读者任何事物都有两面性，从而认识到其不足或负面的影响。例如：
主题：Solar Energy（太阳能）
However, solar energy has its disadvantages. One is that it is still very expensive for widespread practical use. Besides, solar systems would not work in cloudy or rainy days as well as at night. But in sunny areas, solar energy could help solve the energy crisis.
该段指出了太阳能的两个缺点：一、太贵；二、太阳能系统在阴雨天和晚上无法工作，从而让人们更全面地了解太阳能。
值得注意的是，在指出某一事物的另一面时，不能用太多笔墨，否则会喧宾夺主，淡化主题思想。
1.2.6 文章中的过渡方法
一致性和连贯性是作文的两个基本原则。而过渡是保持文章的一致性和连贯性的重要手段。过渡是指上下文之间的衔接与转换，在写作中起承上启下的作用。过渡帮助读者了解文章的条理和层次，沿着文章的思路由一个层次转到另一个层次，由前一段过渡到下一段，以致感到全文连贯畅达，融会贯通。
文章中常用的过渡方法有三种：
（1） 用词语过渡来源：考试大的美女我们
从一个句子过渡到另一个句子可以恰当地使用表示过渡的词语。同样，段落之间的过渡也可通过使用表示过渡的词语。
例如：
To sum up, although undergoing risks can make you more experienced and enable you weather any crisis in life, it’s advisable to take only the rewarding risks whose opportunities far outweigh their risks.
作者用To sum up这一短语，从前面对冒险的讨论过渡到总结全文，表明自己对冒险的看法。
（2） 用句子过渡
文章由一段内容转入另一段内容，从一个层次转换到另一个层次需用过渡句。用句子过渡主要有三种情况：
a. 通过设问或提示导入正文
这种过渡句通常在第一段的末尾，或在第二段的开头。如Solutions to Test Anxiety 一文的第一段。
When taking an examination, many students tend to be worried and uneasy. Their minds cannot work as well as they usually do. As a result，they get low grades which do not show their real abilities. Then how to cope with such test anxiety?
最后一句是过渡句。作者用设问方式引导读者转入下一段的正题——“Solutions to test anxiety”。
b. 通过总结，引出结论本文来源:考试大网
这种过渡句通常位于最后一段的开头。如Why Shanghai Enjoy Long Life Expectancy 一文的最后一段。
Clearly, these factors have played an important role in Shanghai people’s life. Given a better environment, Shanghai people’s life expectancy would extend beyond 80.
作者在前面的段落中分析了上海人长寿的原因之后，用“Clearly, these factors have played an important role in Shanghai people’s life.”作为过渡句，总结全文，并展望未来的前景。
c. 通过提示，转入对比来源：考试大
说明文和议论文等从一个段落过渡到另一个段落，表示转入与前段内容所阐述的问题相反，或者形成对比时，常在段首使用过渡句。这种过渡句需在句前用一个表示对比的过渡词或者短语。如Advantages and Disadvantages of Going Abroad for Further studies一文中的一段：
Nevertheless, there will be some disadvantages of going abroad. For example, we have to suffer a lot from loneliness because of leaving family and friends, we must make great efforts to learn a new language, and we will spend a great deal of money.
作者用 “Nevertheless” 连接 “there will be some dis- advantages of going abroad.”这样一个表示明显转折的过渡句，把文章自然地由上述“advantages of going abroad”转到“dis- advantages”上，使文章上下文有机地联系起来。
（3） 用段落过渡本文来源:考试大网
文章内容由一层意思转入另一层意思的交接处，可以安排一个起承上启下作用的过渡段落。如下面“Nuclear Energy”一文的过渡段。
This is an important effect of the coming of nuclear energy; yet, to my mind, it is not the most important. What is most important is that energy will be more evenly distributed in the future.
在这一段落中，“This is an important effect of the coming of nuclear energy”起着承上段的作用；而“What is most important is that energy will be more evenly distributed in the future”起着启下段的作用。显然，下一段将阐述如何合理分配能量问题。
好，下面我对这一讲内容做一下小结。在这一讲里，我主要谈到了
1）段落的结构；2）段落的要求；3）段落的写作步骤和发展方法；4）文章的基本要求；5）文章的基本结构；6）文章正文的扩展方法；7）文章的开始段和结尾段的写法。
关于英语写作的基本理论和技巧就介绍到这里，下面我们进行写作练习。我将给大家一个作文题，请大家根据这一讲的内容，在30分钟内完成。大家在写作的过程中要注意审题，考虑文章的结构、采用的扩展方法、开头和结尾的方法及文章中的过渡方法等。下面，我们先来看一下题目要求。
练习一：大学英语四级考试写作指导四方谈
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic What Would Happen If There Were No Power in three paragraphs. You are given the first sentence or part of the first sentence of each paragraph. Your part of the composition should be no less than 120 words, not including the words given.
What Would Happen If There Were No Power
1. Ever since early last century, electricity has become an essential part of our modern life. ______________________________________________.
2. If there were no electric power，_________________________________, ____________________________________________________________.
3. Therefore, ___________________________________________________.
现在开始进行写作练习。