英语单词decidua怎么读

1. 大家都知道哪些树的英文单词

pine 松树
birch 桦树
beech 山毛榉
fir 杉树
maple 枫树
oak 橡树
peach 桃树
palm 棕榈树
willow 柳树

吉索娑罗双Shorea guiso(Blco.)Bl.

轻坡垒类：渐尖叶坡垒Hopea acuminata Merr.

重坡垒类：低垂坡垒Hopea nutans Ridl.

平滑娑罗双Shorea laevis Ridl.

（玫瑰）红盾籽木Aspidosperma peroba Fr.All.

阿拉斯加花柏Chamaecyparis nootkatensis Spach.

阿林山榄Aningeria spp.

阿诺古夷苏木Guibourtia arnoldiana J.Leonard

矮假水青冈Nothofagus pumilio Krasser

爱里古夷苏木Guibourtia ehie J.Leonard

安哥拉非洲楝Entandrophragma angolense C.DC

安哥拉紫檀Pterocarpus angolensis C.DC.

暗罗Polyalthia spp.

奥克榄Aucoumea klaineana Pierre

奥氏西非苏木D.oliveri Hutch. et Dalz.

八果木Octomeles sumatrana Mig.

巴布亚埃梅木Elmerrillia papuana Pandy

巴拉圭苏木Caesalpinia paraguariensis Burk.(C.granadillo)

巴里漆（黄漆）Parishia spp.

巴林蔷薇Parinari spp.

巴南罗汉松Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsch

巴西斑纹漆Astronium lecointei Ducke

巴西黑檀Dalbergia nigra(Vell.)Fr.Allem.

巴西红厚壳Calophyllum brasiliense Camb.
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白盾籽木（金盾木）Aspidosperma album R. Ben.

白卡雅楝K.anthotheca C.DC

白柳Salix alba

白皮金合欢Acacia leucophloea 9Roxb.0Willd.

白驼峰楝Guarea cedrata Pellegr.

白榆Ulmus pumila Linn.

白云杉Picea glauca(Motnch) Voss.

白娑罗双Shorea (Anthoshorea)spp.

白栎Quercus alba L.

白栎Quercus fabri Hance.

白桦Betula platyphylla Suk.

柏拉芸香Euxylophora paraensis Mub.

柏木Cupressus funebris Endl.

斑克松Pinus banksiana Lamb.

斑尼铁木豆Swartsia bannia Sandw.

邦卡棱柱木Conystylus bancanus (Mig.)Kurz.

剥皮桉Eucalyptus deglupta Bl.

杯裂香Cotylelobium spp.

北美翠柏Calocedrus decurrens(Torr.)Florin.

北美鹅掌楸Liriodendron tulipifera L.

北美红杉Seqyiua senoervurebs Endl.

北美红栎Quercus rubra L.
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北美黄杉Pseudotsuga menzeisii(Mirb.)Franco.

北美黄杉Pseudotsuga menziesii

北美冷杉Abies grandis

北美冷杉Abies grandis (Dougl ex D.Don)Lindl.

北美落叶松Larix laricina(Du Roi)K.Koch

北美乔松Pinus strobus L.

北美香柏Thuja plicata Donn. ex D.Don

北美崖柏Thuja occidentalis L.

北美桦Betula papyrifera Marsh.

贝壳杉Agathis dammara L.c.Rich(A. alba Foxw.)

被子植物ANGIOSPERMAE

被子植物ANGIOSPERMAE

被子植物ANGIOSPERMAE

被子植物ANGIOSPERMAE

被子植物ANGIOSPERMAE

伯利印茄Intsia plaembanica Mig.

侧柏Platyclas orientalis (L.) Franco

长叶松Pinus palustris Mill

齿叶蚁木Tabebuia serratifolia Nichols.

翅果漆（斯温漆）Swintonia spp.

翅苹婆Pterygota spp.

臭椿Ailanthus altissima(Mill.)Swingle

臭桑Parartocarpus venenosus(Zoll. et Mor.)Becc

吹风楠Horsfieldia spp.

垂枝桦Betula penla

刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia

刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia L.

刺楸Kalopanax septemlobus(Thunb.)Koidz.

葱叶状铁木豆Swartzia fistuloides Harms

丛花银叶树H.densiflora

粗轴双翼豆Peltophorum dasyrachis Kurz ex Backer

粗壮仆朗树Planchonia valida Bl.

大非洲楝Entandrophragma candollei Harms
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大风子Hydnocarpus spp.

大甘巴豆Koompassia excelsa(Becc.)Taub.

大果落腺豆Piptadenia macrocarpa Benth.

大果山木羡子Buchanania macrocarpa Laut.

大果紫檀Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz.

大花护卫豆Alexa grandiflora Ducke

大花米仔兰Aglaia gigantea Pellegr.

大花紫薇Lagerstroemia speciosa(Linn.)Pers.

大裂膜ymenelobium excelsum Ducke

大绿柄桑Chlorophora excelsa Benth. et Hook. f.

大美木豆Pericopsis elata van Meeuwen(Aforormosia elata Harms)

大西洋雪松Cedrus atlantica

大叶黄肉楠A\Actinodaphne macrophylla Nees

大叶卡雅楝Khaya grandifolia C.DC.

大叶桃花心木Swietenia macrophylla King

大鳕苏木Mora excelsa Benth.

代德苏木Didelotia spp.

狄氏黄胆木Nauclea diderrichii Merill

东非黑黄檀Dalbergia melanoxylon Guill. et Perr.

冬青栎Quercus ilex

兜状崖摩楝Amoora cucullata Roxb.

毒籽山榄Baillonella toxisperma Pierre

多花番樱桃Eugenia polyantha Wight

多花嘉榄Garuga floribunda Decaisne

多小叶红苏木Baikiaea plurijuga Harms

峨眉木荷Schima wallichii Choisy

鹅掌楸Liriodendron chinense (Hemsl.)Sarg

恩氏云杉Picea engelmannia Parry

二小叶四鞋木Tetraberlinia bifoliolata Hauman

菲律宾特里卡Trichadenia philippinensis Merr.

非洲毒箭木Antiaris spp.

非洲杜楝Turraeanthus africanus Pellegr.
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非洲猴子果T.africana A.Chev.

非洲银叶树Heritiera utilis Kosterm.

非洲紫檀Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub.

枫香Liquidambar formosana Hance

枫杨Pterocarya stenoptera C.DC.

风车子木Combretocarpus robundatus(Mig.)Dans

佛罗里达木来木Cornus florida L.

福建柏Fokienia hodginsii A. Henry et H.H.Thomas

高大冷杉Abies procera Rehder

高贵绿柄桑C.regia A.Chev.

高山松Pinus densata Mast.

高腰果木Anacardium excelsum Skeels

革叶斯科大风子Scottellia coriacea A. Chev. ex Hutch. et Dalz.

格木Erythrohloeum fordii Oliv.
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格氏厚壳桂Cryptocarya griffithii Wight.

古夷苏木Guibourtia spp.

管状苦水Simaruba amara Aubl.

光皮桦Betula luminifera H.Winkl.

光叶四籽树（印马四出茶）Tetramerista glabra Miq.

光油桃木Caryocar glabrum(Aubl.)Pers.

广东松Pinus kwangtungensis Chun et Tsiang

圭亚那独蕊木Vochysia guianensis Aubl.

圭亚那苦油楝Carapa guianensis Aubl.

圭亚那铁线子Manilkara huberi Standl.

圭亚那小鳞山榄木Micropholis guiyanensis Pierre

海岸松Pinus pinaster

海氏单瓣豆Monopetalanthus heitzii Pellegr.

海棠木 Calophyllum sp.

含笑Michelia spp.

旱柳Salix matsudana Koidz.

荷花木兰Magnolia grandiflora L.

荷木Schima superba Gardn. et Champ.

核桃Juglans regia L.

赫氏棒果香Balanocarpus heimii King

褐苹婆Sterculia rhinopetala K.Schum.

黑核桃木Juglans nigra L.
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黑黄檀Dalbergia fusca Pierre

黑莲桂Dehaasia nigrescens Gamb.

黑驼峰楝G.thompsonii Sprague et Hutch.

黑崖豆木Mellettia leucantha Kurz(M.penla Bak.)

红安尼樟Aniba rosaeodora Ducke

红椿Toona ciliata Roem.(T.sureni Merr., Cedrela toona Roxb.)

红豆杉Taxus chinensis(Pilger)Rehd.

红花槭Acer rubrum

红胶水Tristania spp.

红卡雅楝Khaya ivorensis A.Chev.

红绿心樟Ocotea rubra Mez.

红木棉Bombax spp.

红尼克樟（条纹樟）Nectandra rubra Mez.

红松Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.

红心漆（胶漆树）Gluta spp.

红桤木Alnus rubra Bong

猴耳环Pithecellobium spp.

猴子果Tieghemella heckelii Pierre

胡桃木Juglans regia

花黄檀Dalbergia oliveri Gamb.

华山松Pinus armandi Franch.

化香Platycarya strobilacea Sieb. et Zucc.
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槐树Sophora japonica L.

黄连木Pistacia chinensis Gunge

黄梁木Anthocephalus chinensis(Lam.)Rich. et Walp.(A.cadamba Miq.)

黄梁木Anthocephalus chinensis(Lam.)Rich. ex Walp.

黄苹婆Sterculia oblonga Mast.

黄色花椒水Zanthoxylum flavum Vahl.(Fagara flava)

黄杉Pseudotsuga sinensis Dode.

黄山松Pinus hwangshanensis Hsia

黄檀Dalbergia hupeana Hance

黄叶树Xanthophyllum spp.

黄樟Cinnamomum porreetum(Roxb.)Koster.

黄娑罗双Shorea (Richetiodes)spp.

灰桤木Alnus incana

火炬绿心樟Ocotea rodioei Mez.

霍氏翅梧桐Pterygota horsfieldii Kosterm.

鸡骨常山Alstonia spp.

鸡毛松Podocarpus imbriacatus Bl.

鸡毛松Podocarpus imbricatus Blume

几内亚格木E.guineese G.Don

夹竹桃木（南美夹竹桃）Parahancornia amapa Dueke

加勒比松Pinus caribaea Morelet

加拿大黄桦Betula alleghaniensis Britt.
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加拿大铁杉Tsuga canadensis (L.)Carr.

加拿大杨Populus deltoides Bartr. ex March

加蓬轮盘豆木Cylicodiscus gabunensis Harms

加州山松Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D.Don

尖柱苏木Oxystigma oxyphyllum(Harms)J.Leonard

江南桤木Alnus trabeculosa Hand.-Mazz.

胶木Palaquium spp.

胶皮枫香树Liquidambar styraciflua L.

角质油楠Sindora coriacea Maing ex Prain

拘骨叶冬青木Ilex aquifolium

巨陆均松Dacrydium elautm (Roxb.)Wall

巨腰果木Anacardium giganteum Hanc. ex Engl.

具柄西非肉豆蔻Staudtia stipitata Warb.(S.gabonensis Warb.)

卡内利蔷薇木Licaria canella Kosterm.

柯库木Kokoona spp.

科罗拉多冷杉Abies concolor(Gord et Glend)Lindl.

科特迪瓦榄仁Terminalia ivorensis A.Chev.

肯尼迪短盖豆B.kennedyi

苦叶罗汉松Podocarpus amarus Bl.

苦栎Quercus cerris

苦楝Melia azedrach L.

苦槠Castanopsis sclerophylla(Lindl.)Schott.
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宽叶黄檀Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.

宽叶椴Tilia platyphyllos

坤甸铁木Eusideroxylon zwageri Teiujsm.et Binn,.

阔萼达里豆（摘亚木）Dialium platysepalum Baker

蓝桉Eucalyptus globulus Labill.

劳氏短盖豆Brachystegia laurentii Louis

冷杉Abies fabri(Mast.)Craib.

黎巴嫩雪松Cedrus libani

链状亚马孙豆Cedrelinga catenaeformis Ducke

良木非洲楝Entandrophragma utile Sprague

榴莲Durio spp.

龙脑香Dryobalanops spp.

陆均松Dacrydium pierrei Hickel.

孪叶苏木Hymenaea courbaril L.

罗汉松Podocarpus milanjianus

裸子植物GYMNOSPERMAE

裸子植物GYMNOSPERMAE

裸子植物GYMNOSPERMAE

裸子植物GYMNOSPERMAE

裸子植物GYMNOSPERMAE

裸子植物GYMNOSPERMAE

落叶松Larix gmelini(Rupr.)Rupr.

落羽杉Taxodium distichum (L.)Rich

麻栎Quercus acutissima Carr.
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马达加斯加铁木豆Swartzia madagascariensis Desv.(平滑萼斯沃铁木豆)

马拉赛罗双Parashorea malaanonan (Blco.)Merr.(P.plicata)

马来沉香Aguilaria malaccensis Lamk

马来甘巴豆Koompassia malaccensis Maing

马六喃喃果Cynometra malaccensis Meeuwan (C.inaequifolia)

马尾松Pinus massoniana Lamb.

曼森梧桐Mansonia altissima A.Chev.

芒果Mangifera spp.

毛洛沃楝Lovoa trichilioides Karms(L.klaineana Pierre)

毛帽柱木Mitragyna ciliata Aubr. et Pellegr.

玫瑰上位独蕊木（巴西四叶树）Qualea rosea Aubl.

美国白蜡树Fraxinus americana L.

美国扁柏Chamaecyparis lawsoniana

美国花柏Chamaecyparis lawsomiana Parl.

美国水青冈Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.

美国西部落叶松Larix occidentalis Nuttall.

美国西加云杉Picea sitchensis

美国榆木Ulmus americana L.

美丽短盖豆B.spiciformis Benth.

美洲栗Castanea dentata Borkh.

美洲朴Celtis occidentalis L.

美洲山杨Populus tremuloides
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美洲柿Diospyros virginiana L.

美洲掌叶树Cybistax donnel-smithii(Tabebuia donnell-smithii)

美洲椴Tilia americana L.

密花石栎Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. et Arn)K.Koch

缅红漆（黑漆树）Melanorrhoea spp.

缅茄木Afzelia spp.

摩鹿加八宝树Duabanga moluccana Bl.

牡荆Vitex spp.

木波萝Artocarpus spp.

木荚豆Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.)Taub.

木氏朴Celtis spp. L.

那斯围涎树（巴西猴耳环）Pithecellobium racemosum Duoke

南美蚁木Tabebuia ipe Standl.

南亚松Pinus merkusii Jungh et De Vr.

尼日利亚短盖豆Brachystegia nigerica Hoyle et A.P.D.Jones

拟赤杨Alniphyllum fortunei(Hemsk.)Perk.

扭叶松Pinus contorta

女贞Ligustrum lucim Ait.

挪威槭Acer platanoides

欧亚槭Acer pseudoplatanus

欧洲白蜡木Fraxinus excelsior

欧洲白榆Ulmus laevis

欧洲柄栎Quercus robur

欧洲赤松Pinus sylvestris

欧洲鹅耳枥Carpinus betulus

欧洲黑松Pinus nigra

欧洲黑杨Populus nigra

欧洲红豆杉Taxus baccata

欧洲黄杨木Buxus sempervirens

欧洲栗木Castanea sativa

欧洲落叶松Larix decia

欧洲七叶木Aesculus hippocastanum
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欧洲山杨Populus tremula

欧洲栓皮栎Quercus suber

欧洲水青冈木Fagus sylvatica

欧洲甜樱桃木Prunus avium

欧洲银冷杉Abies alba

欧洲云杉Picea abies

欧洲桤木Alnus glutinosa

欧洲桦Betula pubescens

欧洲椴Tilia vulgaris

帕州饱食桑（窄叶饱食桑）Brosimum paraense Hub.

帕州红豆木Ormosia paraensis

帕州上位独蕊木Qualea paraensis Ducke

泡桐Paulownia fortunei(Seem.)Hemsl.

平滑圭巴卫矛木Goupia glabra Aubl.

平滑果铁苏木Apuleia leiocarpa (Vog.)Macbr.

坡垒类Hopea spp.

婆罗洲铁青树Scorodocarpus borneensis(Baill.)Becc.

破布叶树Microcos spp.

蒲桃Syzigium spp.

朴树Celtis spp.

漆树Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes)F.A.Barkley
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铅笔柏Juniperus virginiana L.

浅红婆罗双Shorea (Rubroshorea)spp.

青冈Cyclobalanopsis glauca(Thunb.) Oerst.

青梅（青皮）Vatica spp.

青檀Pteroceltis tatarinowii Maxim.

轻木Ochroma pyramidale(Cav.dx Lam.)Urb.(O.lagpus Sw.)

轻木Orhroma lagopus SW.

琼楠 Beilschmiedia spp.

秋枫Bischofia javanica Bl.

球花豆Parkia spp.

球花森氏藤黄Symphonia globulifera L.f.

全缘叶蒜楝Azadirachta excelsa(Jack)Jacobs

热美肉豆蔻Iryanthera spp.

人面子Dracontomelon spp.

柔毛蜡烛木Dacryodes pubescens H.J.Lam

肉豆蔻Myristica spp.

乳桑Bagasse guianensis Anbl.

塞内加尔卡雅楝K.senegalensis A.Juss.

赛鞋木豆Paraberlinia bifoliolata Pellegr.

三尖杉Cephalotaxus fortunei Hook. f.

三角枫Acer buergerianum Mig.

桑树Morus alba L.
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杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook.

杉松冷杉Abies holophlla Maxim.

山达脂柏Tetraclinis articulata

山道楝Sandoricum spp.

山地榄Santiria spp.

山核桃Carya cathayensis Sarg.

山合欢Albizzia kalkora (Roxb.)Prain

山红树Pellacalyx saccardianus Scort

山杨Populus davidiana Dode

山榆Ulmus laevis

山竹子 Garcinia spp.

尚氏象耳豆Enterolobium schomburgkii Benth.

舍帝巨盘木（芸香木）Flindersia schottiana F.Muell.

深红婆罗汉Shorea (Rubroshorea)spp.

湿地木姜子Litsea palustris Kost.

湿地松Pinus elliottii Engelm.

十雄（蕊）马蹄榄木Protium spp.

石栎Lithocarpus spp.

石梓Gmelina arborea Roxb.

柿木Diospyros spp.

柿树Diospyros kaki L.f.

树状黄牛木 Cratoxylon arborescens(Vahl.)Bl.

束瓣卫矛Lophopetlum spp.
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束花盾籽木（白坚木）Aspidosperma desmanthum Muell. Arg.

双参木Didymopanax morototoni Decne. et Planch.

双翅龙脑香Dipterocarpus spp.

双雄苏木Amphimas spp.

双柱苏木Dicorynia guianensis Amsh.

水青冈Fagus longipetiolata Seem.

水曲柳Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.

水杉Metasequoia glyptosroboides Hu et Cheng

水松Glyptostrobus pensilis (Lamb.)K. Koch.

四川红杉Larix mastersiana Rehd. et Wils.

苏拉威西乌木Diospyros celebica Bakh.

苏里兰维罗拉蔻木Virola surinamensis Warb.

檀香木Suntalum album Linn.

糖松Pinus lambertiana Dougl.

桃榄Pouteria spp.

特斯金莲木Testulea gabonensis Pellegr.

天料水Homalium foetim(Roxb.)Benth.

田园槭Acer campestre

甜槠Castanopsis eyrei(Champ. ex Benth.)Tutch.

铁刀木Cassia siamea Lam.

铁刀木Cassia siamea Lam.

铁力水Mesua ferrea Linn.

铁杉Tsuga chinensis(Franch.)Pritz.

筒状非洲楝Entandrophragma cylindricum Sprague

拓布四鞋木Tetraberlinia rubmaniana J.Leonard

瓦马铁木豆Swartsia leiocalycina Benth.

晚花稠李Prunus serotina Ehrh.

网脉香脂苏木（柯必豆）Copaifera reticulata Ducke

微凹黄檀Dalbergia retusa Hemsa.

温哥华冷杉Abies amabilis Forbes

乌木Diospyros spp.

乌氏阔变豆（马卡木）Platymiscium ulei Harms
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乌檀Nauclea orientalis Linn.

乌桕Sapium sebiferum (L.)Roxb.

无刺甘兰豆Andira inermis H.B.K.

无梗花栎Quercus petraea

梧桐Firmiana simplex(L.)W.F.Wight

吴茱萸Euodia spp.

五雄吉贝Ceiba pentandra Gaerzn.

五桠果Dillenia spp.

西部黄松Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.

西加云杉Picea sitchensis (Bong)Carr.

西洋梨Pyrus communis

狭叶南洋杉（巴西南洋杉）Araucaria angustifolia O.Ktze.

纤皮玉蕊Couratari spp.

腺瘤豆Piptadeniastrum africanum Brenan

香椿Toona sinensis (A.Juss.)Roem.

香二翅豆Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.)Willd.

香核果木Humiria balsamifera(Aublet)A.St.-Hill.

香红椿Cedrela odorata L.

香灰莉Fagraea fragrans Roxb.

香樟Cinnamomum camphora(L.)Presl

香脂冷杉Abies balsamea(L.)Mill.

香脂苏木Gossweilerodendron balsamiferum Harms

象牙海岸格木Erythrophleum ivorense A.Chev.

小花杂花豆Poecilanthe parviflora Benth.(Swartzia panococo)

小鞋木豆Microberlinia brazzavillensis A.Chev.

小叶垂籽树Ctenolphon parvifolius Oliv.

小叶杨Populus simonii Carr.

鞋木Berlinia spp.

新乌檀Neonauclea spp.

心果山核桃木Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.)K.Koch

心形椴木Tilia cordata

心叶水团花Adina cordifolia Hook. f.

锈合欢Alibizia ferruginea Benth

悬垂球花豆Parkia penla Benth.

悬铃木Platanus acerifolia (Ait.)Willd.

雪松Cedrus deodara

崖豆木Millettia spp.

亚马孙破布木Cordia goeldiana Hub.

亚马孙榄仁树Terminalia amazonia Exell.

艳丽榄仁Terminalia superba Engl.et Diels

一球悬铃木Platanus occidentalis L.

异翅香Anisoptera spp.

异味豆Dinizia excelsa Ducke

翼红铁木Lophira alata Banks ex Gaertn.f.

银白杨Populus alba

银杉Cathaya argyrophylla Chun et Kuang

银杏Ginkgo biloba Linn.

银叶树Heritiera spp.

印度紫檀Pterocarpus indicus Willd.

印马黄桐Endospermum malaccense Benth. ex Muell. Arg.

印尼漆（坎若漆）Campnosperma spp.

英国榆Ulmus procera

硬裂苏木Sclerolobium spp.

硬椴Pentace spp.

油丹Alseodaphne spp.

于地西非苏木Daniellia ogea Rolf

鱼鳞云杉Picea jezoensis Carr. var. microsperma(Lindl.)Cheng et L.K.Fu
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羽叶番龙眼Pometia pinnata Forst.

羽叶古登漆Koordersicdendron pinnalum (Blco.)Merr.

圆柏Sabina chinensis(L.)Ant.

云南松Pinus yunnanensis Franch.

云南油杉Keteleeriaevelyniana Mast.

云杉Picea asperata Mast.

樟子松Pinus sylvestris L.var.mongolica Litv.

沼泽假油楠Pseudosindora palustris Sym.

浙尖栲Castanopsis acuminatissima A.Dc

智利肖柏Fitzroya curessoides Johnst.

中非蜡烛本Dacryodes buettneri H.J.Lam

中美毒木Hura crepitans L.

忠康水（指茎野牡丹）Dactylolas stenostachys Oliv.

重娑罗双Shorea spp.

竹桃Dyera spp.

爪哇翅子树（翻白叶）Pterospermum javanicum Jungh.

紫皮柳Salix purpurea

紫双龙瓣豆Diplotropis purpurea Amsh.

紫心苏木Poltogyne spp.

紫椴Tilia amurensis Rupr.

子京木（紫荆木）Madhuca spp.

柞木Quercus mongolica Fisch. et Turcz.
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堇色紫檀Pterocarpus violaceus Vog.

嵩柳Salix viminalis

柚木Tectona grandis L.f.

柚木Tectona grandis L.f.

栾树Koelreuteria paniculat Laxm.

榄仁树Terminalia catappa Linn.

榉树Zalkova schneideriana Hand.-Mazz.

榧树Torreya grandis Fort. ex Lindl.

槭木Acer mono Maxim.

橄榄Canarium spp.

檫木Sassafras tzumu Hemsl.

鹧鸪麻Kleinhovia hospita Linn.

蚬木Burretiodendron hsienmu Chun et How

2. 求助英语高手，论文摘要翻译，谢谢！

玻璃钢管道及容器在比强度、耐腐蚀性、可成型性、耐老化性、安装维修方便性等方面均优于钢、铁管道及容器。随着玻璃钢管道及容器生产技术的不断完善，玻璃钢管道及容器已广泛用于石油、化工、冶金、给排水等行业中。上世纪90年代中后期，国内已较为成功地引进了玻璃钢管道及容器的生产技术及设备，对促进我国玻璃管道及容器的生产及推广应用起到了重要作用。作为生产大口径玻璃钢管道及容器的关键设备，大型璃钢纤维缠绕机主要来自欧州市场，但其价格高，且运行维护相当困难，而国产同类设备在可靠性及缠绕工艺的控制方面与引进设备相比还有一定的差距。因此，对大口径玻璃钢管道及容器的生产设备及其控制系统的优化设计是一项重要的研究课题。
FRP pipes and containers are superior to steel or iron pipes and containers in strength, corrosion resistance, shape, anti-aging, ease of installation and maintenance. Along with continuous integrity of the FRP pipes and containers proction techniques, FRP pipes and containers have been widely used in petroleum, chemical instry, metallurgy, drainage and other instries. The mid - to-late 1990s, last century, our country has been more successful in the introction of a glass pipe and container proction technology and equipment, which has played an important role on promoting the proction and application of FRP pipes and containers of our country. As the key proction equipment of large-diameter, FRP pipes and containers, the large FRP filament-winding machines are from the European market. However, its’ price are high, and very difficult to operate and maintain. There is still a gap with imported equipment in reliability and winding process control of domestic and similar equipment. Therefore, it is an important research topic about optimum design to the proction equipment and the control system of large-diameter FRP pipes and containers.

经过对进口与国产玻璃钢管成套设备的深入研究与分析，我们认为，玻璃钢纤维缠绕机微机控制系统的优化设计是玻璃钢纤维缠绕设备生产与制造的关键技术。为此，作者主要开展以下几个方面的研究工作：一是拖动系统的优化设计。针对该设备负载大、运行情况复杂等特点，主轴采用了交流变频调速矢量控制技术，小车采用了先进的交流伺服控制技术。二是检测系统的设计。主要完成了光栅编码器的计算机数据采集卡的设计，它能同时采用两路信号（分别与主轴和小车输出轴相连的光电编码器脉冲信号）作为反馈量，并具有方向识别、脉冲计数等功能，且结构简单。三是主轴及小车协调控制策略设计与实现。针对系统运行环境干扰不确定因素多，系统建模难等特点，设计了“双模带修正因子的模糊控制器”，并通过设计的双轴漂移校正控制、速度校核控制等模块，较好地完成了小车与主轴的的跟踪控制。新设计的微机控制系统可用于玻璃钢管道及容器的缠绕机、内衬机、脱模机等，与国外同类产品相比，不但价格低且运行维护更为可靠。
After in-depth research and analysis of complete sets of equipment for domestic and imported FRP pipes, we believe that FRP filament winding machine's computer control system optimum design is key technological of glass filament-winding proction and manufacturing equipment. Therefore, the author mainly carry out the following areas of study: First is the optimum design of drive system. Against the heavy equipment load and complex operations characteristic, the spindle used vector control technology of AC frequency speed control; the car used advanced AC servo control technology. Second, the detection system design. Mainly completed the design of computer data acquisition card of grating encoder, It also adopted two signals (optical electric encoder pulse signals connected with a small car output shaft and main axis) as the feedback, and has identification with the direction, pulse counting and other functions, and simple structure. Third, the axis and small car coordination and control strategy design and implementation. In view of the greater interference and uncertain factors of operating environment, and the features of system modeling difficultly, we designed a "al-model fuzzy controller with modified factorial", through the design mole of biaxial drift correction control, speed-checking control, and preferably fulfilled the tracking control of a car with the main axis. The new design of computer control system can be used to the winding machine, lining machine, Stripping Machine and other machine of FRP pipes and containers. Compared with similar foreign procts, not only cost low prices, but more reliable of operation and maintenance.

本论文的内容安排如下：第1章主要介绍玻璃钢材料特点、课题研究的意义、内容及与课题相关技术的发展情况。第2章主要介绍纤维缠绕的基本工艺及主要设备发展情况，并介绍了与玻璃钢纤维缠绕有关的基本规律和基本概念。第3章控介绍控制系统的总体方案，及微机控制控制系统的设计思路和设计方案。第4章介绍本系统的软件设计情况。第5章介绍系统调试与维护，给出了系统的主要电气原理图和接线图。
关键词：玻璃钢缠绕设备 微机控制系统 矢量控制 交流伺服 数据采集
The content of this paper arranged as follows: Chapter 1 introces the characteristics of FRP material, the significance and content of the research, and the development of technologies and related topics. Chapter 2 introces the basic filament winding process and the development of major equipment, and the basic laws and basic concepts related to FRP filament winding. Chapter 3 introces the overall formula of control system, and the design thoughts and formula of microcomputer control system. Chapter 4 introces about the design of the system software. Chapter 5 introces about system testing and maintenance, and gives out the main electrical and wiring diagram.
Keywords: Winding machine of FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic), microcomputer control system, AC servo control, Vector Control, Data Acquisition.

3. 求一个英语单词，要求第一个字母是d，最后一个字母是a，并把它译成中文意思

Your search for d*a matched 111 words in this word list

dacha
别墅
dada
达达主义
dagga
印度大麻
dagoba
藏式塔
dahabiya
dahabiya
dahlia
大丽花
daphnia
水蚤
data
数据
datcha
别墅
datura
曼陀罗
decahedra
正十面体
decalcomania
贴花
decennia
十年
decia
蜕膜
definienda
被定义项即
definientia
定义
deflea
deflea
dejecta
粪便
deliria
妄想
delta
三角洲
dementia
老年痴呆症
demerara
德梅拉拉
dentalia
象牙贝
deodara
雪松
derma
真皮
desiderata
必要条件
deuteranopia
色盲
deutzia
溲疏
deva
天神
dharma
佛法
dharna
长坐绝食
dhoora
dhoora
dhourra
dhourra
dhurna
长坐绝食
diarrhea
腹泻
diarrhoea
腹泻
diaspora
散居
diastema
间隙
diastemata
间隙
dicentra
荷包牡丹
dichasia
二歧聚伞花序
dichondra
马蹄金
dicta
名言
dieffenbachia
花叶万年青
diencephala
diencephala
differentia
差异
digamma
双
dilemma
困境
diluvia
洪积层
diorama
立体模型
diphtheria
白喉
diplegia
麻痹
diploma
文凭
diplomata
奖状
diplopia
复视
dipsomania
酒狂
diptera
双翅目
diptyca
diptyca
disequilibria
不平衡
dita
DITA
diva
女主角
diverticula
憩室
djellaba
风帽
dobla
多卜拉
dobra
多布拉
docudrama
纪录片
dodecahedra
十二面体
dogma
教条的
dogmata
教条
dolma
卓玛
dona
唐娜
donga
沟壑
dongola
栋古拉
donna
唐娜
dopa
多巴
dorsa
背
douma
杜马
doura
高粱
dracaena
龙血树
drachma
德拉克马
drama
戏剧
drosera
茅膏菜
drosophila
果蝇
enna
保姆
lciana
风琴音栓
lcinea
理想中的爱人
lia
对天使和圣徒的尊崇
ma
杜马
mka
杜姆卡
odena
十二指肠
ra
硬脑膜
rra
高粱
dysarthria
构音障碍
dyscrasia
失调
dyskinesia
运动障碍
dyslexia
诵读困难
dysmenorrhea
痛经
dyspepsia
消化不良
dysphagia
吞咽困难
dysphasia
语言障碍
dysphonia
发声障碍
dysphoria
烦躁
dysplasia
发育不良
dyspnea
呼吸困难
dyspnoea
呼吸困难
dysrhythmia
节律障碍
dystaxia
共济失调
dystocia
难产
dystonia
肌张力障碍
dystopia
反乌托邦
dysuria
排尿困难