英语单词areology怎么读
Ⅰ 如何一眼认出英语单词的意思
这个你得练呀,特别是英语不是母语的中国人,平时接触英语就是做练习专。
前提是有一定的词汇量,不然就属是再看一眼也还是不知道什么意思。
有空多读读英语文章,多查查英英字典,理解单词的真正意思是什么,而不是勉强翻译过来的汉语意思。
Ⅱ 英语重音怎么标处,是怎么看出来的,如何正确地标出啊
英语字母组合与英语单词重音
学习英语时我们常因单词重音位置的飘忽不定而大伤脑筋,尤其是遇上双音节以上的词汇,要准确无误地读准其重音,确实不太容易。
其实,英语词汇的重音位置通常是有规律的。例如:有些双音节词汇做名词时重音往往落在首音节上;而做动词时,重音就落在第二音节上了。这些词汇常见的有:addict,accent,abstract,annex等。
可见,掌握好并读准单词的重音有一定的规律可循。
为了便于记忆和学习,现将部分规则按重音位置和字母顺序作如下归纳,并从理论上进行简要分析。
一、归类部分
1.重音落在末音节的字母组合
①以-ee结尾,读音为/!>?/的词汇:
appellee chimpanzee conferee contestee decree drawee evacuee em-ployee goatee grandee guarantee indictee inctee
②以-act结尾,读音为/$kt/的词汇,多为动词:
contact contract detract distract exact enact intact interact
③-air,-aire或-are结尾,读音为/#+/的词汇:
affair concessionaire enclair millionaire aware prepare
④以-ade结尾,读音为/eid/的词汇:
arcade brigade colonnade escalade escapade(exception:decade)
⑤以-ane结尾,读音为/ein/的词汇:
inane insane profane humane
⑥以-ceive结尾,读音为/s!>?v/的动词:
conceive deceive perceive receive
⑦以-ce结尾,读音为/dj(>?s/的词汇:
conce dece ince introce rece reproce subce tracesece
⑧以-ease结尾,读音为/!>?s/或/!>?z/的词汇:
appease decease decrease disease increase predecease release sub-lease surcease
⑨以-een结尾,读音为/!>?n/的名词:
colleen canteen pretteen Salween shagreen thirteen spalpeenvelevteen yestreen
⑩以-eer结尾,读音为/i+/的名词:
cannoneer compeer domineer engineer fronteer gadgeteer gazetterpamphleteer patrioteer
(11)以-ect结尾,读音为/ekt/的动词:
affect bisect collect defect direct detect correct confect connectdisinfect eject elect
(12)以-ede结尾,读音为/!>?d/的动词:
accede antecede concede impede intercede precede recede retrocedesecede supercede
(13)以-end结尾,读音为/end/的动词:
attend amend commend comprehend contend defend depend extendintend represend subtend
(14)以-el结尾,读音为/el/的词汇:
compel impel Nobel marcel propel rebel(v.)
(15)以-ert结尾,读音为/+>?t/的词汇:
assert concert convert desert introvert subvert
(16)以-ese结尾,读/!>?s/或/!>?z/的词汇:
Chinese Japanese Napalese sudanese telegraphese vietnamese
(17)以-clude结尾,读音为/kl(>?d/的动词:
conclude exclude include occlude preclude seclude
(18)以-esce结尾,读音为/es/的词汇:
coalesce deliquesce effloresce evanesce recrudesce
(19)以-ess结尾,读音为/es/的动词:
compress confess depress express impress profess redress represssuppress transgress
若不是动词,以-ess结尾,的词汇之重音位置不固定:
'progress 'congress pro'cess un'less
(20)以-est结尾,读音为/est/的动词:
adjest congest contest digest infest protest suggest
(21)以-ette结尾,读音为/et/的词汇:
cassette cigarette brunette coquette chemisette forssette frisettegazette grisette
(22)以-form结尾,读音为/f&>?m/的动词:
conform perform reform transform(但uniform是名词)
(23)以-ict结尾,读音为/ikt/的动词:
afflict conflict constrict contradict inflict predict restric
(24)以-ide结尾,读音为/aid/的词汇:
aside astride beside confide divide provide reside subside
(25)以-ign结尾,读音为/ain/的动词:
assign condign design consign resign
(26)以-ire结尾,读音为/ai+/的动词:
conspire esquire expire desire inquire inspire require respire
(27)以-lapse结尾,读音为/l$ps/的词汇:
collapse prolapse relapse
(28)以-mit结尾,读音为/mit/的词汇:
admit commit demit emit intermit omit permit pretermit remitsubmit transmit
(若是名词,重音落在首音节,如:'limit 'summit 'vomit)
(29)以-ort结尾,读音为/&>?t/的动词:
disport distort escort export import report retort support trans-port
(若是名词,重音多落在首音节:escort export import bistort purport等。)
(30)以-ore结尾,读音为/&>?/的词汇:
afore before deplore explore restore
(31)以-pose结尾,读音为/p+us/、/p+uz/的动词:
depose decompose expose impose interpose oppose indispose predis-pose propose suppose
(32)以-scribe结尾,读音为/skraib/的词汇:
conscribe describe escribe prescribe subscribe transcribe
(33)以-scend结尾,读音为/send/的词汇:
ascend condescend descend transcend
(34)以-oon结尾,读音为/(>?n/的词汇:
afternoon balloon buffoon cartoon cocoon decocoon dragoon festoongalloon octoroon pocaroon(exception:forenoon)
(35)以-que结尾,读音为/k/的词汇:
antique boutique blottesque burlesque arabesque cacique critiquegrotesque Japanesque mystique
(36)以-r结尾,现在分词和过去分词均要双写r(-red,-ring):
demur incur inter infer occur prefer recur refer transfer
(37)以-uct结尾,读音为/)kt/的词汇:
conct construct dect instruct obstruct proct
(38)以-ult结尾,读音为/)lt/的词汇:
consult exult insult occult midcult result
(39)以-ume结尾,读音为/j(>?m/的词汇:
assume consume perfume presume subsume
(40)以-use结尾,读音为/j(>?s/或/j(>?z/的词汇:
accuse confuse excuse perfuse refuse suffuse transfuse
(41)以-ure结尾,读音为/ju+/的词汇:
accure impure immure insecure insure inure mature obscure per-re procure secure(exceptions:'epicure 'manicure)
2.重音落在倒数第二个音节的字母组合:
①以-ial结尾,读音为/+l/、/i+l/或/j+l/的词汇:
/+l/:confidential decrial existential impartial inferential inffluentialinitial prejudicial sacrificial substantial
/i+l/:authorial bimestrial colloquial gressorial material mercurialministerial motorial pictorial prefatorial tectorial visitorial
/j+l/:antimonial bicentennial colonial
②以-ian结尾,读音为/+n/、/i+n/、/j+n/的词汇:
/+n/:academician arithmetician acoustician electrician Eurasian Lin-guistician musician Persian politician practician
/i+n/、/j+n/:Cantabrigian collegian Colombian historian rosarian salu-tatorian subclavian
③以-ia结尾,读音为/i+/的词汇:
国名、地名:Australia Ethiopia Indonesia Malaysia Mauritania Roma-nia
医学:abulia achromatopsia acidemia acrophobia aerophobia bilharziainsomnia
其他:academia acedia cryptomeria razzia encyclopedia
④以-ic结尾,读音为/ik/偶或包括以-ics结尾的词汇:
atomatic atmospheric autarkic autographic ballistic climatic cosmeticenteric epidemic
⑤以-ior结尾,读音为/i+/的词汇,形容词居多:
inferior junior posterior prior senior superior ulterior
⑥以-it结尾,读音为/it/的词汇:
cohabit demerit discredit discomfit decrepit deposit explicit dispiritdisinherit inspirit inherit inhabit inhibit reposit transit visit
⑦以-scence(n.)或-scent(adj)结尾:
acescence acquiescence deliquescence convalescence evanescence obso-lescence reminiscence renascence decrescent marcescent pubescent re-crudescent quiescent resipiscent suffrutescent
⑧以-ion或-sion结尾:
accusaion abolition confusion explosion decision impression persua-sion excitation suggestion invitation
3.重音落在倒数第三个音节的字母组合:
①以-fy结尾,读音为/fai/的动词:
acidify identify intensify emulsify lapidify personify qualify modifyprettify simplify transmogrify
②以-ical结尾,读音为/ik+l/的词汇:
academical chemical electrical political periodical encyclical teleologi-cal inimical theoretical technological
③以-icide结尾,读音为/isaid/的词汇:
suicide aborticide acaricide foeticide fratricide herbicide infanticideliberticide uxoricide
④以-itude结尾,读音为/itj%!d/的词汇:
attitude decrepitude infinitude lassitude latitude platitude
⑤以-ity结尾,读音为/iti/的词汇:
ability curiosity civility facility fragility opportunity personalitypossibility sensitivity simplicity speciality utility vanity whimsicality
⑥以-graph或-phy结尾,读音为/gr$f/或/fi/的词汇:
aerography bibliography biography calligraphy chirography geographylexicography photography planography telegraphy theosophy philosophy
⑦以-ology结尾,读音为/&l+d*i/的词汇:
aerology bibliology bryology crytology ecology Egyptology lexicologytechnology pestology psychology testaceology teleology theology zoology
⑧以-otomy结尾,读音为/&t+mi/的词汇:
neurotomy tenotomy tracheotomy trichotomy
⑨以-ular结尾,读音为/jul+/的词汇:
biangular binocular consular insular intercelluar ocular orbicularpopular particular secular regular triangular
4.词汇加了前缀后的重读位置
①重读落在第一音节的词汇,加前缀后,重读位置不变:
'dazzle—be'dazzle 'operate—co'operate
'force—en'force 'logical—il'logical
'literate—il'literate 'constant—in'constant
②重读落在第二音节的词汇,加前缀后,原重读位置不受影响,但前缀的字母组合作为一个音节可重读或次重读:
pro'ce—'repro'ce
'graate—'post'graate
'national—'inter'national
im'pressionism—'neo-imp'ressionism
(the only exception:'finite—'infinie)
二、简析部分
从语言学的角度来分析,英语的词重音(word stress)的位置是不固定的。英语与某些别的语言不同,例如:法语词汇的重音总是在词的末音节上;与法语相反的是捷克语,它的重音总是落在词的首音节上,而波兰语却独特一些,重音位置总是落在词汇的倒数第二个音节上,因此,这些语言的重音称为固定重音(fixed stress),而英语和俄语的重音则是自由重音(free stress)。英语本身吸收并借用了大量的外来语(loan words),以历史语言学或词源学(etymology)的观点来剖析,就不难解释为什么英语重音属于自由重音这一现象。例如:以-ion和-ic结尾的英语词汇重音往往落在倒数第二个音节上,而-ion和-ic结尾的字母组合则源于拉丁语。以-ee结尾的英语词汇重音总是落在末音节上,若追溯它的同源词(cognate),我们可以看到-ee这一后缀源于Middle English的-e,而-e又来源于Middle French的-é,若再追本溯源,乃是来自于Old French的-é。再考察以-ette后缀结尾的词汇,-ette后缀也是经历了从Old French到Middle French再到Middle English这一相似的演变过程,直至现在,仍然保留了法语的重音特征,与现代法语的词重音总是落在末音节这一规律完全吻合。
以词源学的分析作为探索基点,我们认识到英语的词重音既属于自由重音且并非无规律可循这一语言现象,从而对这一现象进行总结和分析,以求达到既能方便学习又能对所学语言深化理解的学习目的。
Ⅲ 英语单词科学怎么念
science
英 ['saɪəns] 美 ['saɪəns]
n. 科学;技术;学科;理科
n. (Science)人名;(英)赛恩斯
短语
archival science档案学 ; 档案科学 ; 档案学研究 ; 㔮
Christian Science基督科学教会 ; 基督教科学派 ; 基督教科学会 ; 基督科学会
planetary science[天]行星科学 ; 行星科研
(3)英语单词areology怎么读扩展阅读
同近义词
skill
英 [skɪl] 美 [skɪl]
n. 技能,技巧;本领,技术
n. (Skill)人名;(瑞典)希尔
短语
presentation skill演讲技巧 ; 表达技巧 ; 简报技巧 ; 演说技巧
Conceptual Skill概念性技能 ; 概念技能 ; 理念性技术 ; 概念化能力
job skill岗位技能要求 ; 岗位技能 ; 技能要求 ; 职业技能
例句
1、Comrade Bethune was a doctor; the art of healing was his profession and he was constantly perfecting his skill.
白求恩同志是个医生,他以医疗为职业, 对技术精益求精。
2、If you have a certain skill you should be able to share it with someone .
只要你有某种特定的技能,就应当能够与他人分享。
3、In this case, respect and power is gained through knowledge or skill.
在这种情况下,是通过知识或技能来获得尊重和能力。
Ⅳ 以A开头以y结尾 有8个字母的所有单词
在英语词汇中,有许多以A开头并且以y结尾的单词,共计8个字母,比如abeyancy,它指的是暂时中止或暂停的状态。abjectly则形容某事物极其糟糕或卑劣。aborally,这个词较为罕见,指的是通过母体获得的特性。abruptly,意为突然地,不加过渡地。absently则描述一个人在精神上不在场,心不在焉。accuracy,表示精确性或准确性。acerbity,形容语言尖酸刻薄。achingly,意味着痛苦或渴望的程度很深。
acridity,用来形容味道或气味刺鼻。acrimony,表示尖酸刻薄的态度。actively,表示积极地。activity,指的是行动或活动。actressy,形容女性演员的特质。actually,用来强调事实。adamancy,形容态度坚决或强硬。additory,较为少见,指的是添加或增加。adequacy,表示足够或适当。adorably,形容可爱或迷人。adroitly,表示灵巧或熟练。altery,指的是婚外情。advisory,表示建议或咨询。
advocacy,指的是辩护或支持。aerially,形容在空中的。aerology,研究大气现象的学科。aeronomy,研究大气层的学科。affinely,表示亲缘关系。affinity,形容亲和力或吸引力。agrimony,形容植物的刺。agronomy,研究农业的学科。aguishly,形容极度痛苦。aimfully,形容有目标或决心。aisleway,指的是过道或走道。
alacrity,形容乐意或迅速。alderfly,指的是柳叶蜂。aleatory,形容随机或不确定。algidity,形容寒冷或冰冷。algology,研究藻类的学科。alkalify,表示使碱化。allegory,用象征性故事表达寓意。alleyway,指的是小巷或窄巷。allogamy,指的是异种交配。allotypy,表示不同类型的抗体。almighty,形容全能或无所不能。alpinely,形容高山或高海拔。
alterity,形容差异或不同。amazedly,形容惊讶或震惊。amicably,形容友好或和平。ammonify,表示使铵化。amorally,形容道德上无关紧要。amusedly,形容感到愉快或娱乐。ancestry,表示祖先或家族背景。animally,形容动物般的或本能的。annually,表示每年或一年一次。anodally,形容阳极或阳极方向。antibody,表示抗体。anticity,形容古老的或古代的。
antilogy,形容对立或矛盾。antimony,表示锑。antinomy,形容矛盾或冲突。antonymy,表示反义词。apically,形容尖端或顶端。apiology,研究蜜蜂的学科。apocarpy,形容无子果实。apophony,表示音位变化。apoplexy,形容中风或脑溢血。apospory,表示无孢子生殖。apostacy,形容脱离或背叛信仰。apostasy,表示放弃信仰或信仰的丧失。ardently,形容热情或强烈。
areology,研究土壤的学科。arguably,形容有争议或可争论。arrantly,形容坦率或直率。artfully,形容巧妙或艺术地。artistry,表示艺术才能或技巧。asperity,形容粗糙或刻薄。assembly,表示集会或集合。astrally,形容天体或天文学。astutely,形容机智或敏锐。athanasy,形容无神论或无神的。atonally,形容无调性或不和谐。atrocity,形容暴行或残忍。attorney,表示律师或代理。
audacity,形容大胆或无畏。auditory,形容听觉或听觉系统。augustly,形容庄严或威严。aurality,形容听觉或声音。autarchy,形容独裁或自我统治。autogamy,形容自花授粉。autogeny,形容自我生成。autonomy,表示独立或自主。autotomy,形容自我割裂或自我伤害。autotypy,表示原版或原稿。
aversely,形容反对或厌恶。avowably,形容坦白或公开。avowedly,形容公开或坦率。axiality,形容轴向或中心线。axillary,形容腋下的。axiology,研究价值或价值观。
Ⅳ 英语单词中的重音是怎么规定的
英语词汇的重音位置是有其规律的。
例如:有些双音节词汇做名词时重音往往落在首音节上;而做动词时,重音就落在第二音节上了。这些词汇常见的有:addict,accent,abstract,annex等。
掌握好并读准单词的重音有一定的规律可循。
为了便于记忆和学习,现将部分规则按重音位置和字母顺序作如下归纳,并从理论上进行简要分析。
一、归类部分
1.重音落在末音节的字母组合
①以-ee结尾,读音为/!>?/的词汇:
appellee chimpanzee conferee contestee decree drawee evacuee em-ployee goatee grandee guarantee indictee inctee
②以-act结尾,读音为/$kt/的词汇,多为动词:
contact contract detract distract exact enact intact interact
③-air,-aire或-are结尾,读音为/#+/的词汇:
affair concessionaire enclair millionaire aware prepare
④以-ade结尾,读音为/eid/的词汇:
arcade brigade colonnade escalade escapade(exception:decade)
⑤以-ane结尾,读音为/ein/的词汇:
inane insane profane humane
⑥以-ceive结尾,读音为/s!>?v/的动词:
conceive deceive perceive receive
⑦以-ce结尾,读音为/dj(>?s/的词汇:
conce dece ince introce rece reproce subce tracesece
⑧以-ease结尾,读音为/!>?s/或/!>?z/的词汇:
appease decease decrease disease increase predecease release sub-lease surcease
⑨以-een结尾,读音为/!>?n/的名词:
colleen canteen pretteen Salween shagreen thirteen spalpeenvelevteen yestreen
⑩以-eer结尾,读音为/i+/的名词:
cannoneer compeer domineer engineer fronteer gadgeteer gazetterpamphleteer patrioteer
(11)以-ect结尾,读音为/ekt/的动词:
affect bisect collect defect direct detect correct confect connectdisinfect eject elect
(12)以-ede结尾,读音为/!>?d/的动词:
accede antecede concede impede intercede precede recede retrocedesecede supercede
(13)以-end结尾,读音为/end/的动词:
attend amend commend comprehend contend defend depend extendintend represend subtend
(14)以-el结尾,读音为/el/的词汇:
compel impel Nobel marcel propel rebel(v.)
(15)以-ert结尾,读音为/+>?t/的词汇:
assert concert convert desert introvert subvert
(16)以-ese结尾,读/!>?s/或/!>?z/的词汇:
Chinese Japanese Napalese sudanese telegraphese vietnamese
(17)以-clude结尾,读音为/kl(>?d/的动词:
conclude exclude include occlude preclude seclude
(18)以-esce结尾,读音为/es/的词汇:
coalesce deliquesce effloresce evanesce recrudesce
(19)以-ess结尾,读音为/es/的动词:
compress confess depress express impress profess redress represssuppress transgress
若不是动词,以-ess结尾,的词汇之重音位置不固定:
'progress 'congress pro'cess un'less
(20)以-est结尾,读音为/est/的动词:
adjest congest contest digest infest protest suggest
(21)以-ette结尾,读音为/et/的词汇:
cassette cigarette brunette coquette chemisette forssette frisettegazette grisette
(22)以-form结尾,读音为/f&>?m/的动词:
conform perform reform transform(但uniform是名词)
(23)以-ict结尾,读音为/ikt/的动词:
afflict conflict constrict contradict inflict predict restric
(24)以-ide结尾,读音为/aid/的词汇:
aside astride beside confide divide provide reside subside
(25)以-ign结尾,读音为/ain/的动词:
assign condign design consign resign
(26)以-ire结尾,读音为/ai+/的动词:
conspire esquire expire desire inquire inspire require respire
(27)以-lapse结尾,读音为/l$ps/的词汇:
collapse prolapse relapse
(28)以-mit结尾,读音为/mit/的词汇:
admit commit demit emit intermit omit permit pretermit remitsubmit transmit
(若是名词,重音落在首音节,如:'limit 'summit 'vomit)
(29)以-ort结尾,读音为/&>?t/的动词:
disport distort escort export import report retort support trans-port
(若是名词,重音多落在首音节:escort export import bistort purport等。)
(30)以-ore结尾,读音为/&>?/的词汇:
afore before deplore explore restore
(31)以-pose结尾,读音为/p+us/、/p+uz/的动词:
depose decompose expose impose interpose oppose indispose predis-pose propose suppose
(32)以-scribe结尾,读音为/skraib/的词汇:
conscribe describe escribe prescribe subscribe transcribe
(33)以-scend结尾,读音为/send/的词汇:
ascend condescend descend transcend
(34)以-oon结尾,读音为/(>?n/的词汇:
afternoon balloon buffoon cartoon cocoon decocoon dragoon festoongalloon octoroon pocaroon(exception:forenoon)
(35)以-que结尾,读音为/k/的词汇:
antique boutique blottesque burlesque arabesque cacique critiquegrotesque Japanesque mystique
(36)以-r结尾,现在分词和过去分词均要双写r(-red,-ring):
demur incur inter infer occur prefer recur refer transfer
(37)以-uct结尾,读音为/)kt/的词汇:
conct construct dect instruct obstruct proct
(38)以-ult结尾,读音为/)lt/的词汇:
consult exult insult occult midcult result
(39)以-ume结尾,读音为/j(>?m/的词汇:
assume consume perfume presume subsume
(40)以-use结尾,读音为/j(>?s/或/j(>?z/的词汇:
accuse confuse excuse perfuse refuse suffuse transfuse
(41)以-ure结尾,读音为/ju+/的词汇:
accure impure immure insecure insure inure mature obscure per-re procure secure(exceptions:'epicure 'manicure)
2.重音落在倒数第二个音节的字母组合:
①以-ial结尾,读音为/+l/、/i+l/或/j+l/的词汇:
/+l/:confidential decrial existential impartial inferential inffluentialinitial prejudicial sacrificial substantial
/i+l/:authorial bimestrial colloquial gressorial material mercurialministerial motorial pictorial prefatorial tectorial visitorial
/j+l/:antimonial bicentennial colonial
②以-ian结尾,读音为/+n/、/i+n/、/j+n/的词汇:
/+n/:academician arithmetician acoustician electrician Eurasian Lin-guistician musician Persian politician practician
/i+n/、/j+n/:Cantabrigian collegian Colombian historian rosarian salu-tatorian subclavian
③以-ia结尾,读音为/i+/的词汇:
国名、地名:Australia Ethiopia Indonesia Malaysia Mauritania Roma-nia
医学:abulia achromatopsia acidemia acrophobia aerophobia bilharziainsomnia
其他:academia acedia cryptomeria razzia encyclopedia
④以-ic结尾,读音为/ik/偶或包括以-ics结尾的词汇:
atomatic atmospheric autarkic autographic ballistic climatic cosmeticenteric epidemic
⑤以-ior结尾,读音为/i+/的词汇,形容词居多:
inferior junior posterior prior senior superior ulterior
⑥以-it结尾,读音为/it/的词汇:
cohabit demerit discredit discomfit decrepit deposit explicit dispiritdisinherit inspirit inherit inhabit inhibit reposit transit visit
⑦以-scence(n.)或-scent(adj)结尾:
acescence acquiescence deliquescence convalescence evanescence obso-lescence reminiscence renascence decrescent marcescent pubescent re-crudescent quiescent resipiscent suffrutescent
⑧以-ion或-sion结尾:
accusaion abolition confusion explosion decision impression persua-sion excitation suggestion invitation
3.重音落在倒数第三个音节的字母组合:
①以-fy结尾,读音为/fai/的动词:
acidify identify intensify emulsify lapidify personify qualify modifyprettify simplify transmogrify
②以-ical结尾,读音为/ik+l/的词汇:
academical chemical electrical political periodical encyclical teleologi-cal inimical theoretical technological
③以-icide结尾,读音为/isaid/的词汇:
suicide aborticide acaricide foeticide fratricide herbicide infanticideliberticide uxoricide
④以-itude结尾,读音为/itj%!d/的词汇:
attitude decrepitude infinitude lassitude latitude platitude
⑤以-ity结尾,读音为/iti/的词汇:
ability curiosity civility facility fragility opportunity personalitypossibility sensitivity simplicity speciality utility vanity whimsicality
⑥以-graph或-phy结尾,读音为/gr$f/或/fi/的词汇:
aerography bibliography biography calligraphy chirography geographylexicography photography planography telegraphy theosophy philosophy
⑦以-ology结尾,读音为/&l+d*i/的词汇:
aerology bibliology bryology crytology ecology Egyptology lexicologytechnology pestology psychology testaceology teleology theology zoology
⑧以-otomy结尾,读音为/&t+mi/的词汇:
neurotomy tenotomy tracheotomy trichotomy
⑨以-ular结尾,读音为/jul+/的词汇:
biangular binocular consular insular intercelluar ocular orbicularpopular particular secular regular triangular
4.词汇加了前缀后的重读位置
①重读落在第一音节的词汇,加前缀后,重读位置不变:
'dazzle—be'dazzle 'operate—co'operate
'force—en'force 'logical—il'logical
'literate—il'literate 'constant—in'constant
②重读落在第二音节的词汇,加前缀后,原重读位置不受影响,但前缀的字母组合作为一个音节可重读或次重读:
pro'ce—'repro'ce
'graate—'post'graate
'national—'inter'national
im'pressionism—'neo-imp'ressionism
(the only exception:'finite—'infinie)
二、简析部分
从语言学的角度来分析,英语的词重音(word stress)的位置是不固定的。英语与某些别的语言不同,例如:法语词汇的重音总是在词的末音节上;与法语相反的是捷克语,它的重音总是落在词的首音节上,而波兰语却独特一些,重音位置总是落在词汇的倒数第二个音节上,因此,这些语言的重音称为固定重音(fixed stress),而英语和俄语的重音则是自由重音(free stress)。英语本身吸收并借用了大量的外来语(loan words),以历史语言学或词源学(etymology)的观点来剖析,就不难解释为什么英语重音属于自由重音这一现象。例如:以-ion和-ic结尾的英语词汇重音往往落在倒数第二个音节上,而-ion和-ic结尾的字母组合则源于拉丁语。以-ee结尾的英语词汇重音总是落在末音节上,若追溯它的同源词(cognate),我们可以看到-ee这一后缀源于Middle English的-e,而-e又来源于Middle French的-é,若再追本溯源,乃是来自于Old French的-é。再考察以-ette后缀结尾的词汇,-ette后缀也是经历了从Old French到Middle French再到Middle English这一相似的演变过程,直至现在,仍然保留了法语的重音特征,与现代法语的词重音总是落在末音节这一规律完全吻合。
以词源学的分析作为探索基点,我们认识到英语的词重音既属于自由重音且并非无规律可循这一语言现象,从而对这一现象进行总结和分析,以求达到既能方便学习又能对所学语言深化理解的学习目的。