怎麼用英語介紹加拿大
這是全面介紹加拿大的
外加了翻譯:
Canada is the world's longest coastline in the country. The southern border with the United States, the 8,892-km-long border. Across the northern part of the sea with Russia. As the cold northern climate, only 12% of the land suitable for farming. Therefore, most of Canada's 30 million people live in a mild climate, a few hundred kilometers from the southern boundary of the strip of territory, especially with the United States bordering the lakes and St. Lawrence region, flat, fertile land and rich natural resources. Canada is the most densely populated, most concentrated in the instrial and agricultural areas. Canadian lakes. If Xiatianfei over Northern Ontario or Manitoba, you will see the water than on land, and countless large and small lakes. According to estimates, Canada has the world's seventh volume of fresh water. In addition to the lakes connected with the United States and Canada, there are also many rivers. Canada is a very rich amount of rain and snow in the country have access to adequate water, trees and crops. thus grow lush busy. And pomegranate, a dazzling Xuefeng scenery is world-renowned. Canada's forest cover to 44% of the nation's total area, after Russia and Brazil, ranking third in the world. Canada is rich in mineral resources, is a world apart from the United States and Russia, one of the biggest mines. Canada has five geographical regions. Is the eastern Atlantic regions, the central area, grassland, the west coast region and the northern areas. Eastern areas to fisheries, agriculture, forest, mining, etc.; The central provinces of Ontario and Quebec is the most densely populated areas, Canada accounted for three-quarters of the instry are located here. Savanna including Manitoba. Saskatchewan moderate Alberta province, where flat land is fertile and rich in energy resources. British west coast region, is a famous mountain and forest areas, timber, fruits, rich in marine resources and other assets; from the northern Yukon and Northwest Territories district composed abounds in oil, natural gas, gold, lead and zinc. History : the former residence of the Indians and Inuit. Into the 16th century, the British colonial government, and then he was ceded to Britain. 1867, the British Canadian province of New Brunswick as a joint federal and provincial Nuowasike homes. Britain became the first Dominion. Since then, other provinces are joining the Federation. 1926, the British recognized the increase of "equal status", plus the right to receive independent diplomacy. In 1931 and became member of the Commonwealth, the Board has agreed with the British Council equal legislative powers, but no constitutional amendment rights. 1982, Britain's Queen signed the "Constitution Act of Canada," Canadian Parliament was constitutional, the power of revising the constitution. Politics : 1867 federal Since then, progress by the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party in power rotation. 1993, the Liberal Party won the 35th federal parliament elections, as Prime Minister Jean Chretien. 1997,2000 election, the Liberal Party won consecutive Croatia sending you. In November 2003, Paul Martin was elected the new leader of the Liberal Party, in December, Chretien announced retirement. Prime Minister Martin successor. Martin came to power after the government health care, ecation innovation, and urban construction. enhance Canada's economic competitiveness and international status as a top priority. The Liberal Party government in March 2004 burst out corruption scandal, support rating was lowered to the lowest point in 10 years. June, plus the election, the Liberal Party, won re-election with Prime Minister Paul Martin.
翻譯：
加拿大是世界上海岸線最長的國家。南部與美國接壤，國境線長達8892公里。北部隔海與俄羅斯相望。
由於北部的嚴寒氣候，只有12%的土地適合耕種。因此，加拿大的三千萬人口大多居住在氣候溫和，距離南部邊界幾百公里以內的狹長領土內，尤其是與美國接壤的湖群和聖勞倫斯地區，地勢平坦、土地肥沃、物產豐富，是加拿大人口最稠密、工農業最集中的地區。
加拿大湖泊眾多。如果在夏天飛過曼尼托巴或北安大略，你將看到水面多於陸地，大大小小的湖泊不計其數。據估測，加拿大擁有全世界七分之一的淡水量。除了與美國相連的五大湖，加拿大還有眾多的河流。加拿大是一個雨雪量都非常豐富的國家，林木和農作物都能得到充分的水量，因而生長得茂密繁盛。而變化多端，光彩奪目的雪峰景色，更是舉世聞名。
加拿大的森林覆蓋面積為佔全國總面積的44%，僅次於俄羅斯和巴西，居世界第三位。加拿大有豐富的礦藏，是世界上除美國和俄羅斯以外最大的產礦國之一。
加拿大有五大地理區。分別是東部大西洋區、中部區、草原區、西海岸地區和北部區。東部區以漁業、農業、森林、 采礦業等為主；中部的安大略和魁北克省是人口最密集的地區，佔加拿大四分之三的製造業都位於這里；草原區包括曼尼托巴、薩斯喀徹溫和阿爾伯達省，這里土地平坦肥沃，能源資源豐富。西海岸區是卑詩省，是著名的山區和森林區，木材、水果、海洋資產等資源豐富；北部區由育空和西北領地組成，盛產石油、天然氣、金、鉛和鋅。
歷史：原為印第安人與因紐特人居住地。16 世紀淪為法、英殖民地，後又被法割讓給英國。1867年，英將加拿大省、新不倫瑞克省和諾瓦斯科舍省合並為一個聯邦，成為英國最早的自治領。此後，其它省也陸續加入聯邦。1926年，英國承認加的「平等地位」，加始獲外交獨立權。1931年，成為英聯邦成員國，其議會也獲得了同英議會平等的立法權，但仍無修憲權。1982年，英國女王簽署《加拿大憲法法案》，加議會獲得立憲、修憲的全部權力。
政治： 1867年建立聯邦以來，基本上由自由黨和進步保守黨輪流執政。1993年，自由黨在第35屆聯邦議會大選中獲勝，克雷蒂安就任總理。1997、2000年大選中，自由黨連續獲勝，克蟬聯執政。2003年11月，保羅·馬丁當選自由黨新領袖，12月，克雷蒂安宣布退休，馬丁繼任總理。馬丁政府上台後將醫療保健、教育創新、加強城市建設、提升加經濟競爭力和國際地位等列為施政重點。2004年3月自由黨政府爆出腐敗丑聞，支持率一度降至10年來最低點。6月，加舉行大選，自由黨再次獲勝，馬丁總理連任。
❷ 介紹加拿大的英語作文
1、Canada , located in the northernmost North America, is one of the commonwealth countries.
It is known as the "maple leaf country" reputation.
Its capital is Ottawa.The famous cities are Toronto, vancouver and so on.
Canada reaches the Pacific Ocean in the west, the Atlantic ocean in the east, and the arctic ocean in the north.
Canada is a highly developed capitalist country.
2、中文翻譯
加拿大，位於北美洲最北端，英聯邦國家之一，素有「楓葉之國」的美譽。首都是渥太華，著名城市有多倫多、溫哥華等。加拿大西抵太平洋，東迄大西洋，北至北冰洋。加拿大是一個高度發達的資本主義國家。
(2)怎麼用英語介紹加拿大擴展閱讀:
官方語言有英語和法語兩種，是典型的雙語國家。 加拿大政治體制為聯邦制和議會制君主立憲制，英王伊麗莎白二世為國家元首及國家象徵，但無實際權力。
加拿大原為印第安人與因紐特人的居住地。16世紀後，英國和法國殖民者先後侵入；1763年淪為英國殖民地。1867年成為英國自治領。1926年英國承認其"平等地位"，獲得外交獨立權。
加拿大是八國集團、20國集團、北約、聯合國、法語國家組織、世界貿易組織等國際組織的成員國。
參考資料：網路-加拿大
❸ 加拿大的英文介紹
1、Canada , located in the northernmost North America, is one of the commonwealth countries.
It is known as the "maple leaf country" reputation.
Its capital is Ottawa.The famous cities are Toronto, vancouver and so on.
Canada reaches the Pacific Ocean in the west, the Atlantic ocean in the east, and the arctic ocean in the north.
Canada is a highly developed capitalist country.
2、中文翻譯
加拿大，位於北美洲最北端，英聯邦國家之一，素有「楓葉之國」的美譽。首都是渥太華，著名城市有多倫多、溫哥華等。加拿大西抵太平洋，東迄大西洋，北至北冰洋。加拿大是一個高度發達的資本主義國家。
(3)怎麼用英語介紹加拿大擴展閱讀:
官方語言有英語和法語兩種，是典型的雙語國家。 加拿大政治體制為聯邦制和議會制君主立憲制，英王伊麗莎白二世為國家元首及國家象徵，但無實際權力。
加拿大原為印第安人與因紐特人的居住地。16世紀後，英國和法國殖民者先後侵入；1763年淪為英國殖民地。1867年成為英國自治領。1926年英國承認其"平等地位"，獲得外交獨立權。
加拿大是八國集團、20國集團、北約、聯合國、法語國家組織、世界貿易組織等國際組織的成員國。
參考資料：網路-加拿大
❹ 用英語介紹加拿大，中英互譯，不要太難。
加拿大是北美洲最北的一個國家，西抵太平洋，東至大西洋，北到北冰洋，領土主張直到北極。加拿大東北方和丹麥領地格陵蘭相望，東部和法屬聖皮埃爾和密克隆群島相望，南方及西北方與美國接壤，邊界長達8892公里，為全世界最長不設防疆界。加拿大由十個省和三個地區組成，首都為渥太華。亦是每年世界最佳居住城市評選中，最多國內城市名列前茅的國家之一。就國土總面積來說，加拿大是世界上的第二大國（其中陸地面積為世界第四，僅次於俄羅斯、中國和美國），但是人口密度非常低，總共只有3,200萬居民。加拿大是個具有現代化工業及科技水平的發達國家，能源資源充足，經濟體制依靠自然資源。
英文：Canada is a country of North America in the north, west against the Atlantic, Pacific, east to the north into the arctic ocean, a territorial claim to until the arctic. Canada northeast Greenland and western territory and Denmark, east and method of holy Pierre and dense cloning islands facing with the United States, the south and west, northwest border 8892 kilometers long, the world is the longest undefended border. Canada by ten provinces and three areas composition, capital for Ottawa. Also is the world's best year living cities winners, most cities in China ranked one of the countries. Just land area for, Canada is the world's second largest country (including land area of the world, next only to Russia, China and the United States), but the population density is very low, lasted only 3,200 million inhabitants. Canada is a modern instrial and technological level with the developed countries, energy resources enough, economic system depends on natural resources.
❺ 用英語介紹加拿大
Canada is the world's longest coastline in the country. The southern border with the United States, the 8,892-km-long border. Across the northern part of the sea with Russia. As the cold northern climate, only 12% of the land suitable for farming. Therefore, most of Canada's 30 million people live in a mild climate, a few hundred kilometers from the southern boundary of the strip of territory, especially with the United States bordering the lakes and St. Lawrence region, flat, fertile land and rich natural resources. Canada is the most densely populated, most concentrated in the instrial and agricultural areas. Canadian lakes. If Xiatianfei over Northern Ontario or Manitoba, you will see the water than on land, and countless large and small lakes. According to estimates, Canada has the world's seventh volume of fresh water. In addition to the lakes connected with the United States and Canada, there are also many rivers. Canada is a very rich amount of rain and snow in the country have access to adequate water, trees and crops. thus grow lush busy. And pomegranate, a dazzling Xuefeng scenery is world-renowned. Canada's forest cover to 44% of the nation's total area, after Russia and Brazil, ranking third in the world. Canada is rich in mineral resources, is a world apart from the United States and Russia, one of the biggest mines. Canada has five geographical regions. Is the eastern Atlantic regions, the central area, grassland, the west coast region and the northern areas. Eastern areas to fisheries, agriculture, forest, mining, etc.; The central provinces of Ontario and Quebec is the most densely populated areas, Canada accounted for three-quarters of the instry are located here. Savanna including Manitoba. Saskatchewan moderate Alberta province, where flat land is fertile and rich in energy resources. British west coast region, is a famous mountain and forest areas, timber, fruits, rich in marine resources and other assets; from the northern Yukon and Northwest Territories district composed abounds in oil, natural gas, gold, lead and zinc. History : the former residence of the Indians and Inuit. Into the 16th century, the British colonial government, and then he was ceded to Britain. 1867, the British Canadian province of New Brunswick as a joint federal and provincial Nuowasike homes. Britain became the first Dominion. Since then, other provinces are joining the Federation. 1926, the British recognized the increase of "equal status", plus the right to receive independent diplomacy. In 1931 and became member of the Commonwealth, the Board has agreed with the British Council equal legislative powers, but no constitutional amendment rights. 1982, Britain's Queen signed the "Constitution Act of Canada," Canadian Parliament was constitutional, the power of revising the constitution. Politics : 1867 federal Since then, progress by the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party in power rotation. 1993, the Liberal Party won the 35th federal parliament elections, as Prime Minister Jean Chretien. 1997,2000 election, the Liberal Party won consecutive Croatia sending you. In November 2003, Paul Martin was elected the new leader of the Liberal Party, in December, Chretien announced retirement. Prime Minister Martin successor. Martin came to power after the government health care, ecation innovation, and urban construction. enhance Canada's economic competitiveness and international status as a top priority. The Liberal Party government in March 2004 burst out corruption scandal, support rating was lowered to the lowest point in 10 years. June, plus the election, the Liberal Party, won re-election with Prime Minister Paul Martin.
翻譯：
加拿大是世界上海岸線最長的國家。南部與美國接壤，國境線長達8892公里。北部隔海與俄羅斯相望。
由於北部的嚴寒氣候，只有12%的土地適合耕種。因此，加拿大的三千萬人口大多居住在氣候溫和，距離南部邊界幾百公里以內的狹長領土內，尤其是與美國接壤的湖群和聖勞倫斯地區，地勢平坦、土地肥沃、物產豐富，是加拿大人口最稠密、工農業最集中的地區。
加拿大湖泊眾多。如果在夏天飛過曼尼托巴或北安大略，你將看到水面多於陸地，大大小小的湖泊不計其數。據估測，加拿大擁有全世界七分之一的淡水量。除了與美國相連的五大湖，加拿大還有眾多的河流。加拿大是一個雨雪量都非常豐富的國家，林木和農作物都能得到充分的水量，因而生長得茂密繁盛。而變化多端，光彩奪目的雪峰景色，更是舉世聞名。
加拿大的森林覆蓋面積為佔全國總面積的44%，僅次於俄羅斯和巴西，居世界第三位。加拿大有豐富的礦藏，是世界上除美國和俄羅斯以外最大的產礦國之一。
加拿大有五大地理區。分別是東部大西洋區、中部區、草原區、西海岸地區和北部區。東部區以漁業、農業、森林、 采礦業等為主；中部的安大略和魁北克省是人口最密集的地區，佔加拿大四分之三的製造業都位於這里；草原區包括曼尼托巴、薩斯喀徹溫和阿爾伯達省，這里土地平坦肥沃，能源資源豐富。西海岸區是卑詩省，是著名的山區和森林區，木材、水果、海洋資產等資源豐富；北部區由育空和西北領地組成，盛產石油、天然氣、金、鉛和鋅。
歷史：原為印第安人與因紐特人居住地。16 世紀淪為法、英殖民地，後又被法割讓給英國。1867年，英將加拿大省、新不倫瑞克省和諾瓦斯科舍省合並為一個聯邦，成為英國最早的自治領。此後，其它省也陸續加入聯邦。1926年，英國承認加的「平等地位」，加始獲外交獨立權。1931年，成為英聯邦成員國，其議會也獲得了同英議會平等的立法權，但仍無修憲權。1982年，英國女王簽署《加拿大憲法法案》，加議會獲得立憲、修憲的全部權力。
政治： 1867年建立聯邦以來，基本上由自由黨和進步保守黨輪流執政。1993年，自由黨在第35屆聯邦議會大選中獲勝，克雷蒂安就任總理。1997、2000年大選中，自由黨連續獲勝，克蟬聯執政。2003年11月，保羅·馬丁當選自由黨新領袖，12月，克雷蒂安宣布退休，馬丁繼任總理。馬丁政府上台後將醫療保健、教育創新、加強城市建設、提升加經濟競爭力和國際地位等列為施政重點。2004年3月自由黨政府爆出腐敗丑聞，支持率一度降至10年來最低點。6月，加舉行大選，自由黨再次獲勝，馬丁總理連任。
bec.
❻ 加拿大的英文簡介
Canada (English/French: Canada), located in the northernmost part of North America, is one of the Commonwealth countries. It is known as the "Maple Leaf Country" and its capital is Ottawa.
加拿大（英語/法語：），位於北美洲最北端，英聯邦國家之一，素有「楓葉之國」的美譽，首都是渥太華。
The Canadian political system is federalism and parliamentary monarchy. Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom is the head of state and national symbol, and appoints the Queen Governor to be stationed.
加拿大政治體制為聯邦制和議會制君主立憲制，英國女王伊麗莎白二世為國家元首及國家象徵，並任命女王總督派駐。
Canada was originally the home of Indians and Inuits. After the 16th century, British and French colonists invaded successively, and became British colonies in 1763. It became a British dominion in 1867. In 1926, Britain recognized its "equal status" and gained diplomatic independence.
加拿大原為印第安人與因紐特人的居住地。16世紀後，英國和法國殖民者先後侵入；1763年淪為英國殖民地。1867年成為英國自治領。1926年英國承認其"平等地位"，獲得外交獨立權。
In 1931, it became a member of the Commonwealth, and its Parliament also gained the same legislative power as the British Parliament. In 1982, the Queen of England signed the Canadian Constitution Act, and the Canadian Parliament gained the full rights of constitutionalism and constitutional amendment.
1931年成為英聯邦成員國，其議會也獲得了同英國議會同等的立法權，1982年，英國女王簽署《加拿大憲法法案》，加拿大議會獲得立憲、修憲的全部權利。
(6)怎麼用英語介紹加拿大擴展閱讀
Canada來自於聖勞倫斯易洛魁語中的Kanata一詞，意思解作「村」或「聚居地」。1535年，居住在現今魁北克市的原住民將法國探險者雅克·卡蒂埃帶到斯塔達科納，並稱該地為Kanata。後來雅克·卡蒂埃便用Canada指多納科納（即斯塔達科納的首領）統治的地區。1545年，歐洲的書籍和地圖都開始用Canada代表這片區域。
在17世紀和18世紀早期，Canada指新法蘭西的聖勞倫斯河流域的地區。為了應對十三個殖民地居民的反英活動，英國政府在1774年頒布魁北克法案，這法案把加拿大的范圍擴展至五大湖南部的地區，遠及俄亥俄河。
這些土地大部分在1783年被移交給新生的美國，但五大湖以北的土地，即現今安大略省的大部分地區，被英國保留下來。在新法蘭西被英國佔領後，加拿大被分為兩部分，即上加拿大和下加拿大。1841年，上下加拿大又合並為加拿大省。
1867年，加拿大省與新不倫瑞克和新斯科舍組成加拿大自治領。隨著加拿大逐漸脫離英國，其政府也逐漸在官方文件和條約中使用加拿大這一簡稱。1982年，加拿大國慶日的官方名稱從自治領日改為加拿大日
❼ 用英文介紹加拿大的montreal
Montreal (Montreal) is located in Ottawa River and the St. Lawrence River junction, the French established a colony in 1642, is Canada's pre-70s of the 20th century the largest city, is now the second largest city in Canada, Quebec's largest city. Montreal was originally known as the "City of Mary" (Ville-Marie), some historians believe that Montreal is the city from Mount Royal (Royal Mountain). The city is a typical Anglo-French bilingual city. Because the city's Gothic cathedral language the majority population, reflecting a unique French culture, is considered North America's "romantic."
Montreal is a thriving international metropolis, but also Canada's oldest city, has a strong Latin flavor.蒙特利爾（Montreal）坐落於加拿大渥太華河和聖勞倫斯河交匯處，是法國於1642年建立的殖民地，是加拿大20世紀70年代前的最大城市，現在是加拿大第二大城市、魁北克省最大城市。蒙特利爾最初被稱為「瑪利亞城」（Ville-Marie），一些歷史學家認為蒙特利爾現在的市名來自Mount Royal（皇家山）。該市是典型的英法雙語城市。因為全市的哥特式教堂語居民佔多數，體現出獨特的法國文化底蘊，被認為是北美的「浪漫之都」。蒙特利爾是一個繁榮的國際大都市，同時也是是加拿大歷史最悠久的城市，具有濃郁的拉丁氣息。
❽ 加拿大的簡介（英語）
政府
加拿大是採用聯邦形式的民主政府，多個不同政治團體由同一個政府領導，以實現版共同的目標。此外，加權拿大還根據每個地區的特殊需要劃分地區政府。這種政體考慮了加拿大的地理情況、文化社區的多樣性以及兩種法律和語言體系的傳統。
加拿大設有三級政府：聯邦政府、省和地區政府以及市政府（地方或地區）。
在聯邦結構體系中，普選官員 – 由總理領導的部長內閣組成主要的決策機構。聯邦政府通過與其他普選官員、省和市代表以及加拿大全體公民協商，領導國家的民主施政體系。
加拿大政府的主要作用是確保和支持國家的經濟效益。其它職責包括國防、省際和國際商貿、移民、銀行和貨幣體系、刑法和漁業。聯邦政府還負責監管航空、海運、鐵路、電信和原子能行業等。
省和地區政府的組織結構與聯邦政府結構相似，負責教育、財產和民權、司法管理、醫院體系、區域內自然資源、社會安全、健康以及市政機構等事務。
最近，聯邦政府已開始將某些項目和服務的更重大的職責移交給省政府。所涉及的領域包括勞動力市場培訓以及礦業和林業開發等。
地方和地區政府在教育、土地開發、當地商業法規以及市民和文化活動等領域發揮重要的作用。在全國范圍內，地方和地區政府的結構不盡相同。
❾ 怎麼用英語介紹加拿大的飲食
包君健康 keep you fit all the time
包裝新穎美觀 fashionable and attractive packages
保證質量 quality and quantity assured
產銷歷史悠久 have a long history in proction and marketing
馳名中外 popular both at home and abroad
穿著舒適輕便 comfortable and easy to wear
工藝精良 sophisticated technologies
規格齊全 a complete range of specifications; complete in specifications
趕超世界先進水平 catch up with and surpass advanced world level
花色繁多 a wide selection of colours and designs
花色新穎品種多樣 fashionable styles, rich varieties
貨源充足 sufficient supplies; ample supply
久負盛名 with a long standing reputation
交貨及時 timely delivery guaranteed
價格公道 reasonable price
技藝精湛 fine craftsmanship
經濟耐用 economy and rability
具有中國風味 possess Chinese flavours
居同類產品之首 rank first among similar procts
品質優良 excellent in quality
品種齊全 complete range of articles
款式多樣 various styles(以上是一些短語的翻譯)
對不起，只有介紹中國飲食的一些短語：
燒餅 clay oven rolls
油條 fried bread stick
水餃 boiled mplings
饅頭 steamed buns
飯團 rice and vegetable roll
皮蛋 100-year egg
咸鴨蛋 salted ck egg
豆漿 soybean milk
飯 類
稀飯 rice porridge
白飯 plain white rice
糯米飯 glutinous rice
蛋炒飯 fried rice with egg
面 類
刀削麵 sliced noodles
麻辣面 spicy hot noodles
烏龍面 seafood noodles
板條 flat noodles
榨菜肉絲面 pork , pickled mustard green noodles
米粉 rice noodles
湯 類
紫菜湯 seaweed soup
牡蠣湯 oyster soup
蛋花湯 egg & vegetable soup
魚丸湯 fish ball soup
點 心
臭豆腐 stinky tofu (smelly tofu)
油豆腐 oily bean curd
蝦球 shrimp balls
春卷 spring rolls
蛋卷 chicken rolls
肉丸 rice-meat mplings
火鍋 hot pot
還有一些介紹加拿大的短文：
Canada (pronounced ['kʰænədə] in English and [kanada] in French) is the world's second-largest country by total area, occupying most of northern North America. Extending from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, Canada shares land borders with the United States to the south and to the northwest.
Inhabited first by Aboriginal peoples, Canada was founded as a union of British and former French colonies. Canada gained independence from the United Kingdom in an incremental process that began in 1867 and ended in 1982; the Head of State, Queen Elizabeth II is also the Queen of the United Kingdom.
1.Canada is a federal constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy. It is divided into ten provinces and three territories. A bilingual and multicultural nation, Canada uses both English and French as official languages. A technologically advanced and instrialized nation, Canada maintains a diversified economy heavily reliant on trade--particularly with the United States, with which Canada has had a long and complex relationship--and abundant natural resources.
2. The French colony of Canada, New France, was set up along the Saint Lawrence River and the northern shores of the Great Lakes. Later, it was split into two British colonies, called Upper Canada and Lower Canada until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. Upon Confederation in 1867, the name Canada was officially adopted for the new dominion, which was referred to as the Dominion of Canada until the 1950s. As Canada increasingly acquired political authority and autonomy from Britain, the federal government increasingly simply used Canada on state documents and treaties. The Canada Act 1982 refers only to Canada and, as such, is currently the only legal (and bilingual) name. This was reflected again in 1982 with the renaming of the national holiday from Dominion Day to Canada Day.
對不起啊！實在沒有介紹加拿大美食英語的~~~
❿ 誰知道怎樣用英語介紹加拿大
Canada
Canada, independent nation (2001 pop. 30,007,094), 3,851,787 sq mi (9,976,128 sq km), N North America. Canada occupies all of North America N of the United States (and E of Alaska) except for Greenland and the French islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon. It is bounded on the E by the Atlantic Ocean, on the N by the Arctic Ocean, and on the W by the Pacific Ocean and Alaska. A transcontinental border, formed in part by the Great Lakes, divides Canada from the United States; Nares and Davis straits separate Canada from Greenland. The Arctic Archipelago extends far into the Arctic Ocean.
Canada is a federation of 10 provinces—Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia—and three territories—Nunavut, the Northwest Territories, and the Yukon Territory. Canada's capital is Ottawa and its largest city is Toronto. Other important cities include Montreal, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Winnipeg, Hamilton, and Quebec.
Land
Canada has a very long and irregular coastline; Hudson Bay and the Gulf of St. Lawrence indent the east coast and the Inside Passage extends along the west coast. The ice-clogged straits between the islands of N Canada form the Northwest Passage. During the Ice Age all of Canada was covered by a continental ice sheet that scoured and depressed the land surface, leaving a covering of glacial drift, depositional landforms, and innumerable lakes and rivers. Aside from the Great Lakes, which are only partly in the country, the largest lakes of North America—Great Bear, Great Slave, and Winnipeg—are entirely in Canada. The St. Lawrence is the chief river of E Canada. The Saskatchewan, Nelson, Churchill, and Mackenzie river systems drain central Canada, and the Columbia, Fraser, and Yukon rivers drain the western part of the country.
Canada has a bowl-shaped geologic structure rimmed by highlands, with Hudson Bay at the lowest point. The country has eight major physiographic regions—the Canadian Shield, the Hudson Bay Lowlands, the Western Cordillera, the Interior Lowlands, the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Appalachians, the Arctic Lowlands, and the Innuitians.
The exposed portions of the Canadian Shield cover more than half of Canada. This once-mountainous region, which contains the continent's oldest rocks, has been worn low by erosion over the millennia. Its upturned eastern edge is indented by fjords. The Shield is rich in minerals, especially iron and nickel, and in potential sources of hydroelectric power. In the center of the Shield are the Hudson Bay Lowlands, encompassing Hudson Bay and the surrounding marshy land.
The Western Cordillera, a geologically young mountain system parallel to the Pacific coast, is composed of a series of north-south tending ranges and valleys that form the highest and most rugged section of the country; Mt. Logan (19,551 ft/5,959 m) is the highest point in Canada. Part of this region is made up of the Rocky Mts. and the Coast Mts., which are separated by plateaus and basins. The islands off W Canada are partially submerged portions of the Coast Mts. The Western Cordillera is also rich in minerals and timber and potential sources of hydroelectric power.
Between the Rocky Mts. and the Canadian Shield are the Interior Lowlands, a vast region filled with sediment from the flanking higher lands. The Lowlands are divided into the prairies, the plains, and the Mackenzie Lowlands. The prairies are Canada's granary, while grazing is important on the plains.
The smallest and southernmost region is the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence Lowlands, Canada's heartland. Dominated by the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes, the region provides a natural corridor into central Canada, and the St. Lawrence Seaway gives the interior cities access to the Atlantic. This section, which is composed of gently rolling surface on sedimentary rocks, is the location of extensive farmlands, large instrial centers, and most of Canada's population. In SE Canada and on Newfoundland is the northern end of the Appalachian Mt. system, an old and geologically complex region with a generally low and rounded relief.
The Arctic Lowlands and the Innuitians are the most isolated areas of Canada and are barren and snow-covered for most of the year. The Arctic Lowlands comprise much of the Arctic Archipelago and contain sedimentary rocks that may have oil-bearing strata. In the extreme north, mainly on Ellesmere Island, is the Innuitian Mt. system, which rises to c.10,000 ft (3,050 m).
Canada's climate is influenced by latitude and topography. The Interior Lowlands make it possible for polar air masses to move south and for subtropical air masses to move north into Canada. Hudson Bay and the Great Lakes act to modify the climate locally. The Western Cordillera serves as a climatic barrier that prevents polar air masses from reaching the Pacific coast and blocks the moist Pacific winds from reaching into the interior. The Cordillera has a typical highland climate that varies with altitude; the western slopes receive abundant rainfall, and the whole region is forested. The Interior Lowlands are in the rain shadow of the Cordillera; the southern portion has a steppe climate in which grasses predominate. S Canada has a temperate climate, with snow in the winter (especially in the east) and cool summers. Farther to the north, extending to the timberline, is the humid subarctic climate characterized by short summers and a snow cover for about half the year. The huge boreal forest, the largest surviving remnant of the extensive forests that once covered much of North America, predominates in this region. On the Arctic Archipelago and the northern mainland is the tundra, with its mosses and lichen, permafrost, near-year-round snow cover, and ice fields. A noted phenomenon off the coast of E Canada is the persistence of dense fog, which is formed when the warm air over the Gulf Stream passes over the cold Labrador Current as the two currents meet off Newfoundland.
People
About 40% of the Canadian population are of British descent, while 27% are of French origin. Another 20% are of other European background, about 10% are of E or SE Asian origin, and some 3% are of aboriginal or Métis (mixed aboriginal and European) background. In the late 1990s, Canada had the highest immigration rate of any country in the world, with more than half the total coming from Asia. Over 75% of the total population live in cities. Canada has complete religious liberty, though its growing multiculturalism has at times caused tensions among ethnic and religious groups. About 45% of the people are Roman Catholics, while some 40% are Protestant (the largest groups being the United Church of Canada, Anglicans, and Presbyterians). English and French are the official languages, and federal documents are published in both languages. In 1991, about 61% of Canadians cited English as their mother tongue, while 24% cited French.
Economy
Since World War II the development of Canada's manufacturing, mining, and service sectors has led to the creation of an affluent society. Services now account for 66% of the GDP, while instry accounts for 31%. Tourism and financial services represent some of Canada's most important instries within the service sector. However, manufacturing is Canada's single most important economic activity. The leading procts are transportation equipment, pulp and paper, processed foods, chemicals, primary and fabricated metals, petroleum, electrical and electronic procts, wood procts, printed materials, machinery, clothing, and nonmetallic minerals. Instries are centered in Ontario, Quebec, and, to a lesser extent, British Columbia and Alberta. Canada's instries depend on the country's rich energy resources, which include hydroelectric power, petroleum, natural gas, coal, and uranium.
Canada is a leading mineral procer, although much of its mineral resources are difficult to reach e to permafrost. It is the world's largest source of nickel, zinc, and uranium, and a major source of lead, asbestos, gypsum, potash, tantalum, and cobalt. Other important mineral resources are petroleum, natural gas, copper, gold, iron ore, coal, silver, diamonds, molybdenum, and sulfur. The mineral wealth is located in many areas; some of the most proctive regions are Sudbury, Ont. (copper and nickel); Timmins, Ont. (lead, zinc, and silver); and Kimberley, British Columbia (lead, zinc, and silver). Petroleum and natural gas are found in Alberta and Saskatchewan.
Agriculture employs about 3% of the population and contributes a similar percentage of the GDP. The sources of the greatest farm income are livestock and dairy procts. Among the biggest income-earning crops are wheat, oats, barley, corn, and canola. Canada is one of the world's leading agricultural exporters, especially of wheat. Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta are the great grain-growing provinces, and, with Ontario, are also the leading sources of beef cattle. The main fruit-growing regions are found in Ontario, British Columbia, Quebec, and Nova Scotia. Apples and peaches are the principal fruits grown in Canada. More than half of the total land area is forest, and Canadian timber proction ranks among the highest in the world.
Fishing is an important economic activity in Canada. Cod and lobster from the Atlantic and salmon from the Pacific have been the principal catches, but the cod instry was halted in the mid-1990s e to overfishing. About 75% of the take is exported. The fur instry, once vitally important but no longer dominant in the nation's economy, is centered in Quebec and Ontario.
A major problem for Canada is that large segments of its economy—notably in manufacturing, petroleum, and mining—are controlled by foreign, especially U.S. interests. This deprives the nation of much of the profits of its instries and makes the economy vulnerable to developments outside Canada. This situation is mitigated somewhat by the fact that Canada itself is a large foreign investor. Since the free trade agreement with the United States (effective 1989), Canadian investment in U.S. border cities, such as Buffalo, N.Y., has increased dramatically.
The United States is by far Canada's leading trade partner, followed by Japan and Great Britain. Manufactured goods comprise the bulk of imports; crude petroleum and motor vehicles and parts rank high among both the nation's largest imports and exports. Other important exports are newsprint, lumber, wood pulp, wheat, machinery, aluminum, natural gas, hydroelectric power, and telecommunications equipment.
Government
Canada is an independent constitutional monarchy and a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. The monarch of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is also the monarch of Canada and is represented in the country by the office of governor-general. The basic constitutional document is the Canada Act of 1982, which replaced the British North America Act of 1867 and gave Canada the right to amend its own constitution. The Canada Act, passed by Great Britain, made possible the Constitution Act, 1982, which was passed in Canada. The document includes a Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which guarantees the rights of women and native peoples and protects other civil liberties.
The Canadian federal government has authority in all matters not specifically reserved to the provincial governments. The provincial governments have power in the fields of property, civil rights, ecation, and local government. They may levy only direct taxes. The federal government may veto any provincial law. Power on the federal level is exercised by the Canadian Parliament and the cabinet of ministers, headed by the prime minister. (See the table entitled Canadian Prime Ministers since Confederation for a list of Canada's prime ministers.) Canada has an independent judiciary; the highest court is the Supreme Court, with nine members.
The Parliament has two houses: the Senate and the House of Commons. There are generally 104 senators, apportioned among the provinces and appointed by the governor-general upon the advice of the prime minister. Senators may serve until age 75; prior to 1965 they served for life. The 301 members of the House of Commons are elected, largely from single-member constituencies. Elections must be held at least every five years. The Commons may be dissolved and new elections held at the request of the prime minister. There are four main political parties: the Liberal party, the Conservative party (formed in 2003 by the merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative party), the Bloc Québécois (aligned with the Parti Québécois of Quebec), and the New Democratic party.
History
Early History and French-British Rivalry
Prior to the arrival of Europeans in Canada, the area was inhabited by various peoples who came from Asia via the Bering Strait more than 10,000 years ago. The Vikings landed in Canada c.A.D. 1000. Their arrival is described in Icelandic sagas and confirmed by archaeological discoveries in Newfoundland. John Cabot, sailing under English auspices, touched the east coast in 1497. In 1534, the Frenchman Jacques Cartier planted a cross on the Gaspé Peninsula. These and many other voyages to the Canadian coast were in search of a northwest passage to Asia. Subsequently, French-English rivalry dominated Canadian history until 1763.
The first permanent European settlement in Canada was founded in 1605 by the sieur de Monts and Samuel de Champlain at Port Royal (now Annapolis Royal, N.S.) in Acadia. A trading post was established in Quebec in 1608. Meanwhile the English, moving to support their claims under Cabot's discoveries, attacked Port Royal (1614) and captured Quebec (1629). However, the French regained Quebec (1632), and through the Company of New France (Company of One Hundred Associates), began to exploit the fur trade and establish new settlements. The French were primarily interested in fur trading. Between 1608 and 1640, fewer than 300 settlers arrived. The sparse French settlements sharply contrasted with the relatively dense English settlements along the Atlantic coast to the south. Under a policy initiated by Champlain, the French supported the Huron in their warfare against the Iroquois; later in the 17th cent., when the Iroquois crushed the Huron, the French colony came near extinction. Exploration, however, continued.
In 1663, the Company of New France was disbanded by the French government, and the colony was placed under the rule of a royal governor, an intendant, and a bishop. The power exercised by these authorities may be seen in the careers of Louis de Buade, comte de Frontenac, Jean Talon, and François Xavier de Laval, the first bishop of Quebec. There was, however, conflict between the rulers, especially over the treatment of the indigenous peoples—the bishop regarding them as potential converts, the governor as means of trade. Meanwhile, both missionaries, such as Jacques Marquette, and traders, such as Pierre Radisson and Médard Chouart des Groseilliers, were extending French knowledge and influence. The greatest of all the empire builders in the west was Robert Cavelier, sieur de La Salle, who descended the Mississippi to its mouth and who envisioned the vast colony in the west that was made a reality by men like Duluth, Bienville, Iberville, and Cadillac.
The French did not go unchallenged. The English had claims on Acadia, and the Hudson's Bay Company in 1670 began to vie for the lucrative fur trade of the West. When the long series of wars between Britain and France broke out in Europe, they were paralleled in North America by the French and Indian Wars. The Peace of Utrecht (1713) gave Britain Acadia, the Hudson Bay area, and Newfoundland. To strengthen their position the French built additional forts in the west (among them Detroit and Niagara). The decisive battle of the entire struggle took place in 1759, when Wolfe defeated Montcalm on the Plains of Abraham, bringing about the fall of Quebec to the British. Montreal fell in 1760. By the Treaty of Paris in 1763, France ceded all its North American possessions east of the Mississippi to Britain, while Louisiana went to Spain.
British North America
The French residents of Quebec strongly resented the Royal Proclamation of 1763, which imposed British institutions on them. Many of its provisions, however, were reversed by the Quebec Act (1774), which granted important concessions to the French and extended Quebec's borders westward and southward to include all the inland territory to the Ohio and the Mississippi. This act infuriated the residents of the Thirteen Colonies (the future United States). In 1775 the American Continental Congress had as its first act not a declaration of independence but the invasion of Canada. In the American Revolution the Canadians remained passively loyal to the British crown, and the effort of the Americans to take Canada failed dismally (see Quebec campaign).
Loyalists from the colonies in revolt (see United Empire Loyalists) fled to Canada and settled in large numbers in Nova Scotia and Quebec. In 1784, the province of New Brunswick was carved out of Nova Scotia for the loyalists. The result, in Quebec, was sharp antagonism between the deeply rooted, Catholic French Canadians and the newly arrived, Protestant British. To deal with the problem the British passed the Constitutional Act (1791). It divided Quebec into Upper Canada (present-day Ontario), predominantly British and Protestant, and Lower Canada (present-day Quebec), predominantly French and Catholic. Each new province had its own legislature and institutions.
This period was also one of further exploration. Alexander Mackenzie made voyages in 1789 to the Arctic Ocean and in 1793 to the Pacific, searching for the Northwest Passage. Mariners also reached the Pacific Northwest, and such men as Capt. James Cook, John Meares, and George Vancouver secured for Britain a firm hold on what is now British Columbia. During the War of 1812, Canadian and British soldiers repulsed several American invasions. The New Brunswick boundary (see Aroostook War) and the boundary W of the Great Lakes was disputed with the United States for a time, but since the War of 1812 the long border has generally been peaceful.
Rivalry between the North West Company and the Hudson's Bay Company erupted into bloodshed in the Red River Settlement and was resolved by amalgamation of the companies in 1821. The new Hudson's Bay Company then held undisputed sway over Rupert's Land and the Pacific West until U.S. immigrants challenged British possession of Oregon and obtained the present boundary (1846). After 1815 thousands of immigrants came to Canada from Scotland and Ireland.
Movements for political reform arose. In Upper Canada, William Lyon Mackenzie struggled against the Family Compact. In Lower Canada, Louis J. Papineau led the French Canadian Reform party. There were rebellions in both provinces. The British sent Lord Durham as governor-general to study the situation, and his famous report (1839) recommended the union of Upper and Lower Canada under responsible government. The two Canadas were made one province by the Act of Union (1841) and became known as Canada West and Canada East. Responsible government was achieved in 1849 (it had been granted to the Maritime Provinces in 1847), largely as a result of the efforts of Robert Baldwin and Louis H. LaFontain
自己去刪一點