籃球文化的英語介紹英文怎麼說
『壹』 美國籃球文化的英文簡介。不要太多的字數
Once-rare throwback jerseys, a trend catapulted by hip-hop artists, can now be bought anywhere sweat socks are sold. To capitalize off the throwback craze, the NBA created Hardwood Classic Nights, which are games when teams wear their franchise's old school uniforms-a relative fashion show of jerseys.
But is hip-hop fine for profit but offensive on the court? The NBA, at times, seems embarrassed by it's relationship with the culture.
Several players have been fined for wearing shorts too long (of course, oversized gear is a staple of hip-hop culture). Allen Iverson's tattoos were airbrushed out on the cover of Hoop Magazine, an NBA publication.
The league also discouraged hanging on the rim and taunting via technical fouls.
"It comes down to a generational difference," said Boyd, who overseas the study of race and popular culture in USC's School of Cinema-Television.
"The gate-keepers of the NBA are older and white. They want to make the league out to be something to fit them instead of taking the league for what it is. It's not just racial. There are many black people who don't like hip-hop either. It's a generational difference. People from older generations want to impose their beliefs on the younger generation."
Los Angeles Clippers forward Elton Brand said a mistake is made when hip-hop is affixed just to those who are boisterous and unruly, to those who show-out on the court and get in trouble off it.
He said people need to realize some of the good guys in the league - the Kevin Garnetts, the Derek Fishers, the Richard Hamiltons - also fit under the umbrella of hip-hop.
"Hip-hop is not just gangsta rap and party music," Brand said. "I'm sure they look at someone living a hip-hop lifestyle as someone with braids, tattoos, they smoke weed. They don't see the other guys as hip-hop."
『貳』 籃球社團怎麼用英語介紹
Basketball Club 籃球社團
china university basketball associations 中國大學生籃球聯賽
『叄』 求一篇介紹籃球的英文文章（最好有個對應的幻燈片就更好了，上課用）
對不起樓主，我只能給你文章，幻燈片沒有。
Basketball. The world's greatest sport ever. But of course, it hasn't been around since the world began. No, somebody had to have invented it. And that somebody would be James Naismith.
Born in Almonte, Ontario, Canada, this Canadian Gym Teacher and Physician would soon be the founder of basketball. It all started in December of 1891. Naismith was teaching in Springfield, Massachusetts and was asked by Luther H. Gulick, the Headmaster of the school for Christian Works to make a new sport. The main idea of the sport was mainly to be played inside when it was too cold to go outside. The new sport also had to keep athletes in their top conditions between the baseball and football season. Naismith began to work. The first game-ball was a soccer ball.
The first baskets were peach baskets that Naismith cleverly thought of hanging on the wall. From there, the legacy of basketball began. Originally, there was 9 men to each team, but the objective was still the same; to pass the ball to other players on your team and put the ball in the opposing team's net, or basket back then. From there, basketball caught on like a wildfire.
During 1885 highschools and colleges began to adopt the game, and by 1898, the first Pro League was founded. After the first game played, Naismith drafted 13 rules and regulations, but many more were yet to come. The hoops we know today were invented in 1906. They were steel, with a net hanging from it's rim.
『肆』 用英文介紹籃球
It's been a hard start but we have to remain determined to win at all costs.
At this time is when I usually would take matters into my own hands, but if WE truly want to get to the next level then WE have to overcome this challenge.
It's hard on the road, I miss my family so much and we are only in the beginning of the trip!
I'm already tired of hotel food and I'm craving a caramel/peanut apple not to mention my wife's pancakes, bacon and eggs with cream of wheat and orange juice!
I'm a huge Potter fan, so to pass time I've been reading "Harry Potter and the Order of the Pheonix". I just finished it last night and now I'm starting "Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince" . I'm not a big reader, in fact that book is by far the biggest book I have ever read!!! But it became a challenge to finish it!!! Not to mention its a GREAT book.
Big game vs the Wizards next.
Let's see if we can't have a better showing then we did Friday.
Should be a fun game. Not trippin on the Arenas thing, indivial els don't exite me any more, staying focused on winning titles does!!! Stay up, stay cool.Holla at you all later Strength and Honor,
客場之旅才是你真正成長為球隊一員的地方。8連客的開局很糟糕，但是我們仍然會不遺餘力地贏下比賽。往往這個時候我會用自己的雙手接管比賽，但是如果我們球隊真想向前再進一步，我們就必須克服這次挑戰。
客場之旅很艱難，我很懷念家人，但是這只是個開始。我已經厭倦了酒店的食物，渴望著小塊堅硬糖果（花生味的？）還有蘋果，更不用說我老婆做的蛋糕了，燒烤和夾著橙汁和麥油的雞蛋了。
我是一個十足的哈利波特迷，所以為了消磨時光，我昨晚剛讀完了《哈里波特和鳳凰社》，現在我正開始看《哈利波特與混血王子》，我不太擅長閱讀，事實上，那本書是我目前為止我讀過的最厚的一本了。
但是讀完它對我來說成了一個挑戰（老大喜歡挑戰），更別提那是一本偉大的書了。
下一場對奇才將是一場大戰。
讓我們看看我們能否打得比周五好點（今天的比賽咯）。
這應該是一場有趣的比賽。不想再談什麼和阿里納斯的個人對決了，個人對決不再刺激我的神經，取勝才是我一直關注的。！！！
保持積極良好的狀態，明天用力量和勝利榮譽問候你們。
這個是找的,可能有點難,但是是KOBE自己說的,可以看看.
『伍』 美國籃球文化中英文簡介，100字左右
1891年12月初在美國馬薩諸塞州斯普林菲爾德市基督教青年會國際訓練學校（後為春田學院），由該校體育教師詹姆斯·奈史密斯博士發明，當年的籃球規則只有13條，奈史密斯博士於1939年去世，終年78歲。
他未曾料到，由他創建的籃球項目竟然在二百多個國家流傳市面著，而且至今美國籃球還譽滿全球。 為了紀念奈史密斯博士發明的籃球的功績，在春田學院校園內修建了美國籃球名人館—詹姆斯·奈史密斯紀念館。
起初，奈史密斯將兩只桃籃別釘在鍵身房內看台的欄桿上，桃籃上沿距離地面3.04米，用足球作比賽工具，向籃投擲。投球入籃得1分，按得分多少決定勝負。每次投球進籃後，要爬梯子將球取出再重新開始比賽。以後逐步將竹籃改為活底的鐵籃，再改為鐵圈下面掛網。
到1893年，形成近似現代的籃板、籃圈和籃網。最初的籃球比賽，對上場人數、場地大小，比賽時間均無嚴格限制。只需雙方參加比賽的人數必須相等。比賽開始，雙方隊員分別站在兩端線外，裁判員鳴哨並將球擲向球場中間，雙方跑向場內搶球，開始比賽。持球者可以抱著球跑向籃下投籃，首先達到預定分數者為勝。 1892年，奈史密斯制定了13條比賽規則，主要規定是不準持球跑，不準有粗野動作，不準用拳擊球，否則即判犯規連續3次犯規判負1分；比賽時間規定為上、下半時，各15分鍾；對場地大小也作了規定。上場比賽人數逐步縮減為每隊10人、9人、7人，1893年定為每隊上場5人。
英語中，籃球basketball這個詞是由basket（籃子）和ball（球）兩個詞合成的。籃球怎麼會和籃子有聯系呢？這里還有一段故事呢。
早在上一個世紀的1891年12月21日，美國馬薩諸塞州的一所基督教青年會學校里，一位叫詹姆斯·奈史密斯的教授為了使學生在寒冷的冬天也能參加體育活動，就想了個辦法，把竹籃子釘在室內十英尺高的牆上，讓學生向籃內投球。籃球運動就這樣開展起來了。
最初的籃子是有底的，球投進後，還要架梯子把球取出來。後來把籃底去掉了。可竹框畢竟不牢呀，於是鐵圈就代替了竹籃。但是光一個鐵圈，對球究竟有沒有投進，有時候判不清。到了1896年，鐵圈上裝上了有拉繩的兜底線網。球被投進網後，拉動拉繩，籃球便翻滾出來了。最後，人們把籃網的兜底的拉繩去掉，這就更方便了。
籃球的籃圈是由籃子發展而來的，籃球basketball也就和籃子basket結下了不解之緣。
1904年在第3屆奧林匹克運動會上第1次進行了籃球表演賽。1908年美國制定了全國統一的籃球規則，並有移種文字出版，發行於全世界，這樣，籃球運動逐漸傳遍美洲、歐洲和亞洲，成為世界性運動項目。 1936年第11屆奧運會將男子籃球列為正式比賽項目，並統一了世界籃球競賽規則，此後，到1948年的10多年間，規則曾多次修改，與現行規則有關的重要變化是：將得分後的中圈跳球，改為失分隊在後場端線外擲界外球繼續比賽；進攻隊必須在10秒鍾內把球推進到前場；球進前場後不得再回後場；進攻隊員不得在「限制區」內停留3秒鍾；投籃隊員被侵犯時，投中罰球1次，投不中罰球2次等。1952年和1956年第15、16兩屆奧運會的籃球比賽中，出現了兩米以上的多人，國際業余籃球聯合會曾兩次擴大籃球場地的「限制區」（也叫「3分區」）；還規定，一個隊控制球後，必須在30秒內投籃出手。60年代初有關10秒和球回後場的規定，一度因1960年第17屆奧運會後取消了中場線改畫邊線的中點而中止。1964年第18屆奧運會後，又恢復了中場線，這些規定又繼續執行。1977年增加了每隊滿10次犯規後，在防守犯規時罰球兩次，防投籃時犯規兩罰有1次不中再加罰1次的規定。1981年又將10次犯規後罰球的規定縮減到8次。很明顯，人員的變化的技術，戰術的發展引起了規則的改變，而規則的改變又促進了人員和技術、戰術的進一步發展變化。特別是50年代後期以來，規則的改變對籃球比賽的攻守速度，對運動員的身體、技術、戰術以及意志、作風等各方面都不斷提出新的更高的要求，促進了籃球技術水平的迅速提高，女子籃球是1976年第21屆奧運會上才列為正式比賽項目的。
籃球運動是1896年前後由天津中華基督教青年會傳入中國的，隨後在北京、上海基督教青年會里也有了此項活動。在1910年的全運會上舉行了男子籃球表演賽之後，在全國各大城市的大、中學校的籃球活動逐漸開展起來，其中以天津、北京、上海開展得較好，水平也較高，當時的比賽規則很簡單，在球場中間畫一個約有1米直徑的中圈，中鋒隊員跳球時一隻手必須置於背後腰部，任何一足不得踏出圈外。技術也簡單，中圈跳球後，誰接到球就自己運球，超過防守人就投籃。當時只會直線運球前進，傳球方法是單、雙手胸前傳球，跑動投籃是用單手低手上籃，立定投籃無論遠近都是用雙手腹前低手投籃。1925年前後，進攻和防守的5名運動員，有了較明確的分工，中鋒對中鋒，後衛對前鋒，有人盯人，各自盯住自己的對手。但前鋒的職責是只管進攻投籃，不管退守；後衛的職責是只管防守搶截球，不管投籃。前鋒和後衛很少全場跑動，只有中鋒要攻守兼顧。以後又逐漸改為兩後衛1人助攻（活動後衛），1人留守後場（固定後衛），兩前鋒也變為1人留在前場專管偷襲、快攻，1人退守後場助防。技術動作也有所發展，跑動投籃出現了單手、高手投籃，立定投籃出現了雙手胸前投籃，傳球出現了單、雙手擊地傳球，運球出現了兩手交替運球躲閃防守和超越防守向前推進的技術。規則中增加了罰球區和罰球線，隊員犯規4次即被取消比賽資格，犯規罰球可由隊長指定任何1個隊員主罰。比賽時間分為上、下半時各20分鍾，中間休息10分鍾。每次投中或罰中後，都在中圈跳球，重新開始比賽。而中國籃球運動水平在1926年以後有了較大提高。
美國還有街頭籃球文化。關於街頭籃球的起源，有好幾種版本。普遍的說法是它來源於美國黑人的街頭文化。可能它自由的組合、隨性的發揮確實跟黑人的性格比較合拍。但據考證，作為一種正式的比賽，「3對3」的形式最早出現在歐洲。1992年在德國柏林，有人別出心裁地想出這種玩法。因為其設備要求低、比賽氣氛簡單輕松，所以這一全新的運動概念馬上傳遍歐洲。於是，找一個周末，在城市的中心廣場放上籃球架，一場對抗就開始了，後來又漸漸融入了諸如說唱樂隊現場伴奏、街舞、技巧和極限運動等元素。
『陸』 籃球起源 英文版
Early December 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts YMCA International Training School (later Springfield College), physical ecation teachers from the school invented by Dr. James Naismith, basketball rules then only 13, Dr. Naismith 1939, died aged 78. He did not expect, from the basketball program he created even spread in the market with over two hundred countries, and so far the U.S. basketball is also known around the world. To commemorate Dr. Naismith invented basketball achievements, in the Springfield College campus built in the United States Basketball Hall of Fame - James Naismith Memorial Hall.
At first, Naismith will not nailed two peach baskets room key body stands on the railing, peach basket of 3.04 meters above the ground along with the football game as a tool to throw to the basket. 1 point pitch into the basket, how many points decided by the outcome. After each throw into the basket, the ball out to climb a ladder again start the race. Graally after the end of the basket into living iron basket, and then hanging on to hoops below.
To 1893, similar to the modern form rebounds, ring, and the Nets. The original game of basketball, the number of playing, the venue size, the game was no strict time limit. Just the two sides must be equal to the number of people participate in the competition. Start of the race, both players were standing on both ends of the line, referee whistle and throw the ball between pitches, the two sides ran inside the ball, start the race. The ball ran to the basket can hold the ball shot, first reach the target score the winner. In 1892, Naismith formulated 13 rules of the game, the main provisions are not allowed to run the ball, allowed a rough action, not allowed to use the boxing ball, a foul or is sentenced to 3 consecutive fouls negative 1; provisions of playing time , the second half, each 15 minutes; provisions were also made on the size of the venue. Graally rece the number of people playing games for each team of 10 people, 9, 7, 1893 for each team playing 5.
1904 Olympic Games in 3 1 was the first basketball exhibition game. 1908 United States developed a unified national basketball rules, shifting languages and has published and distributed all over the world, so that the graal spread of basketball in America, Europe and Asia, has become a world sport. 1936 11th Olympic Games men's basketball as an official event, and the unity of the world basketball competition rules, after 10 years in 1948, the rules have been revised many times, with the existing rules of important changes are: the score after the jump ball in the circle, to loss of units outside the end line in the backcourt to match bounds; offensive team must advance the ball within 10 seconds and play up front; the ball into the front court not to return after the backcourt; offensive players not in the "restricted zone" to stay for 3 seconds; shooting team is violated, 1 hit free throws, missed shots free throws 2 second-class. 1952 and 1956 Olympic basketball competition two 15,16, there has been more than two meters, the International Amateur Basketball Federation to expand basketball court has twice the "restricted zone" (also known as "3 Division") ; also provides that a team controls the ball after the shot must be shot within 30 seconds. The early 60s about 10 seconds and the provisions of the ball returned to the backcourt, was once the 17th Olympic Games in 1960 after the abolition of the midfield line drawn sideline to change the midpoint of the suspension. 18th Olympic Games in 1964 after he returned to the midfield line, these provisions are to continue. 1977, an increase of over 10 fouls each team after two free throws when the defensive foul, anti-foul free throws when shooting are not in 1 plus 1 penalty provisions. Turn 10 in 1981, the provisions of free throws after a foul reced to 8 times. Obviously, the personnel changing technologies, the development of tactics caused a rule change, which has promoted the rule changes and technical and tactical changes in the further development. Especially since the late 50s, the rule changes on the offensive and defensive basketball game speed, the athlete's body, technology, tactics, and will, work style and so forth have been put forward new and higher requirements, promoting the rapid increase in the level of basketball skills , women's basketball in 1976 before the 21th Olympic Games as an official event of the.
Basketball is a before and after 1896 by the Tianjin YMCA introced to China, then in Beijing, Shanghai, also have the YMCA in this activity. In 1910 was held at the National Games men's basketball exhibition games, major cities in the country, middle school basketball events graally unfolded, including Tianjin, Beijing and Shanghai in good agreement, levels are high, then Competition rules are simple, in the course of about the middle of drawing a circle 1 meter in diameter, when the center jump ball players must be placed a hand behind the waist, enough to not take any of the group. Technology is simple, after the jump ball in the circle, who received the ball on their dribbling, shooting people over defense. Only straight ahead at dribbling, passing, is a single, hand chest pass, running shot is a layup with one hand underhand, standing shot are both near and far before the lower abdomen with both hands, hands shot. 1925 years ago, the offensive and 5 defensive players, with a clearer division of labor, center of the center, back to the striker, it was marking, each pegged to their opponents. But the striker's role is just shooting attack, regardless of retreat; guard ty is just defensive intercept the ball, regardless of shooting. Forwards and running small audience, only the center to both offensive and defensive. And later graally changed to assist the two guard 1 (active guard), a person left behind after the field (fixed guard), two forwards who can become an exclusive competence to stay up front attack, quick attack, a man retreated after the field-assisted anti- . Action has also been the development of technology, one-handed running shot there, a master shot, standing shot his hands chest shot there, there was a single pass, pass the ball hit his hands, alternating hands dribbling dribble dodge appeared defensive and beyond defensive forward technology. Rules of the penalty area and the increase in free-throw line, the team fouls 4 is canceled competition and free throw by the team captain kick specify any one. Game time is divided into, the second half of the 20-minute break of 10 minutes. Each time after the vote, or throws, jump ball in the circle, re-start the race. The level of basketball in China since 1926 have been greatly improved.
1891年12月初在美國馬薩諸塞州斯普林菲爾德市基督教青年會國際訓練學校（後為春田學院），由該校體育教師詹姆斯·奈史密斯博士發明，當年的籃球規則只有13條，奈史密斯博士於1939年去世，終年78歲。他未曾料到，由他創建的籃球項目竟然在二百多個國家流傳市面著，而且至今美國籃球還譽滿全球。 為了紀念奈史密斯博士發明的籃球的功績，在春田學院校園內修建了美國籃球名人館—詹姆斯·奈史密斯紀念館。
起初，奈史密斯將兩只桃籃別釘在鍵身房內看台的欄桿上，桃籃上沿距離地面3.04米，用足球作比賽工具，向籃投擲。投球入籃得1分，按得分多少決定勝負。每次投球進籃後，要爬梯子將球取出再重新開始比賽。以後逐步將竹籃改為活底的鐵籃，再改為鐵圈下面掛網。
到1893年，形成近似現代的籃板、籃圈和籃網。最初的籃球比賽，對上場人數、場地大小，比賽時間均無嚴格限制。只需雙方參加比賽的人數必須相等。比賽開始，雙方隊員分別站在兩端線外，裁判員鳴哨並將球擲向球場中間，雙方跑向場內搶球，開始比賽。持球者可以抱著球跑向籃下投籃，首先達到預定分數者為勝。 1892年，奈史密斯制定了13條比賽規則，主要規定是不準持球跑，不準有粗野動作，不準用拳擊球，否則即判犯規連續3次犯規判負1分；比賽時間規定為上、下半時，各15分鍾；對場地大小也作了規定。上場比賽人數逐步縮減為每隊10人、9人、7人，1893年定為每隊上場5人。
1904年在第3屆奧林匹克運動會上第1次進行了籃球表演賽。1908年美國制定了全國統一的籃球規則，並有移種文字出版，發行於全世界，這樣，籃球運動逐漸傳遍美洲、歐洲和亞洲，成為世界性運動項目。 1936年第11屆奧運會將男子籃球列為正式比賽項目，並統一了世界籃球競賽規則，此後，到1948年的10多年間，規則曾多次修改，與現行規則有關的重要變化是：將得分後的中圈跳球，改為失分隊在後場端線外擲界外球繼續比賽；進攻隊必須在10秒鍾內把球推進到前場；球進前場後不得再回後場；進攻隊員不得在「限制區」內停留3秒鍾；投籃隊員被侵犯時，投中罰球1次，投不中罰球2次等。1952年和1956年第15、16兩屆奧運會的籃球比賽中，出現了兩米以上的多人，國際業余籃球聯合會曾兩次擴大籃球場地的「限制區」（也叫「3分區」）；還規定，一個隊控制球後，必須在30秒內投籃出手。60年代初有關10秒和球回後場的規定，一度因1960年第17屆奧運會後取消了中場線改畫邊線的中點而中止。1964年第18屆奧運會後，又恢復了中場線，這些規定又繼續執行。1977年增加了每隊滿10次犯規後，在防守犯規時罰球兩次，防投籃時犯規兩罰有1次不中再加罰1次的規定。1981年又將10次犯規後罰球的規定縮減到8次。很明顯，人員的變化的技術，戰術的發展引起了規則的改變，而規則的改變又促進了人員和技術、戰術的進一步發展變化。特別是50年代後期以來，規則的改變對籃球比賽的攻守速度，對運動員的身體、技術、戰術以及意志、作風等各方面都不斷提出新的更高的要求，促進了籃球技術水平的迅速提高，女子籃球是1976年第21屆奧運會上才列為正式比賽項目的。
籃球運動是1896年前後由天津中華基督教青年會傳入中國的，隨後在北京、上海基督教青年會里也有了此項活動。在1910年的全運會上舉行了男子籃球表演賽之後，在全國各大城市的大、中學校的籃球活動逐漸開展起來，其中以天津、北京、上海開展得較好，水平也較高，當時的比賽規則很簡單，在球場中間畫一個約有1米直徑的中圈，中鋒隊員跳球時一隻手必須置於背後腰部，任何一足不得踏出圈外。技術也簡單，中圈跳球後，誰接到球就自己運球，超過防守人就投籃。當時只會直線運球前進，傳球方法是單、雙手胸前傳球，跑動投籃是用單手低手上籃，立定投籃無論遠近都是用雙手腹前低手投籃。1925年前後，進攻和防守的5名運動員，有了較明確的分工，中鋒對中鋒，後衛對前鋒，有人盯人，各自盯住自己的對手。但前鋒的職責是只管進攻投籃，不管退守；後衛的職責是只管防守搶截球，不管投籃。前鋒和後衛很少全場跑動，只有中鋒要攻守兼顧。以後又逐漸改為兩後衛1人助攻（活動後衛），1人留守後場（固定後衛），兩前鋒也變為1人留在前場專管偷襲、快攻，1人退守後場助防。技術動作也有所發展，跑動投籃出現了單手、高手投籃，立定投籃出現了雙手胸前投籃，傳球出現了單、雙手擊地傳球，運球出現了兩手交替運球躲閃防守和超越防守向前推進的技術。規則中增加了罰球區和罰球線，隊員犯規4次即被取消比賽資格，犯規罰球可由隊長指定任何1個隊員主罰。比賽時間分為上、下半時各20分鍾，中間休息10分鍾。每次投中或罰中後，都在中圈跳球，重新開始比賽。而中國籃球運動水平在1926年以後有了較大提高 。
『柒』 英語論文籃球文化
我建議你從三個方向討論，分別是基層籃球(國、高中)的休閑運動習慣、大學籃球、社會(含NBA)籃球目的等三方面；以我所知道的美國基層籃球文化(國、高中)來說，它是民眾從事休閑活動的主要一個項目運動，它和棒球、美式足球、冰上曲棍球等，可以說是美國特殊的主要四大運動之一。它們(四大類運動)由於可以培養青少年的團隊合作與努力奮發向上精神等，也可以讓青少年結識更多朋友，當然還包括鍛煉強健體魄，所以，很多家長無不鼓勵子弟多多從事運動；這和傳統中國人所謂「士大夫」觀念有很大的差異。以中國人來說，重文輕武以及書中自有黃金屋、書中自有顏如玉等，鼓勵青少年多讀書這是中美第一個極端差異。最好的例子你可以看看很多美國或歐洲許多籃球比賽，她們都以「寄居家庭」方式，讓參加比賽的青少年學習與人相處，那是俱樂部、家庭的。
大學籃球或社會(含NBA)籃球在美國來說，它是一種結合地方文化的傳遞，那種特殊的地域文化，這部分目前中國境內的CBA有些許雷同，但是，中國的大學籃球就和美國迥然不同了；很多時候，不論是中國或台灣，大學籃球只是「教育主管」機關不得不要辦理的一項競賽，它(指中國與台灣的大學籃球)有很多地方，其實是為了比賽而來比賽，它的宗旨也寫的「冠冕堂皇」，只是，目前為止，可能是我才疏學淺，所以，我真的看不出有那些特殊的文化意義。
以台灣的大學甲一級籃球賽來說，有很多球賽你根本看不到所謂「年輕人的拼勁」，我看到的是3/5以上喔；要看年輕人如美國大學籃球賽的熱忱，你反而需要到大學二級或三級球賽里才看的到。可是，你會發現，在台灣的大學二級與三級球賽，除了比賽勝負之外，你可能看不到任何一絲文化氣息；它(指台灣的大學籃球)基本上就是比賽，和美國的大學比賽，什麼結合拉拉隊、學校主場、校友會、地方特殊文化活動等等，完全是迥然不同。而，中國境內是否如此，我就不得而知了！
I suggest that you were discussed from three directions, basic basketball (high school), the recreational exercise habits, university basketball, society (including the NBA basketball goal from three aspects, I know of American primary and high school basketball culture (for), it is mainly engaged in the activities of public recreational exercise, it is a project and baseball, football, hockey, etc, it is the main U.S. special one four. They (four categories of movement) e to cultivate teenagers teamwork spirit and upwards to wait, also can let teenagers to make more friends here, of course, also including theexercise strong body, so many parents, many people engaged in sports is encouraged, The traditional Chinese scholars and the so-called "" there is a big difference. In Chinese, valuing literature while ignoring and in the book the gold room, in the book YanRuYu etc, encouraging adolescents reading this is the first extreme differences. The best example, you can see many American or European basketball game, they are in many ways to "family" stranger, participate in the competition of teenagers learn get along with people, that is, the family of the club.
College basketball or society (including the NBA basketball in the United States, it is a combination of local culture, the special region culture, and the part of the current Chinese territory, but some CBA, Chinese university basketball and American different, Many times, either China or Taiwan university basketball ecation competent "authority" shall not handle a competition, it is China and Taiwan university basketball) has many places, actually is to match the tenet to match, it is written, "just" impressive-looking, so far, I CaiShuXueJian, so, I really don't see those special cultural meaning.
The university in Taiwan, a level of basketball game, you can't see many of the so-called "young man," I see hussle playes is 3/5 above oh, Young people like to watch American university basketball, but you need to 2 or 3 university in the game to see. However, you will find that, in the second tier university in Taiwan, except the win-loss, you may see a culture breath; any It refers to the college basketball (Taiwan) is basically university in the United States, and, what with rooters' home, school, alumni, local special cultural activity, etc, and is completely different. And if so, China, and I will not!
『捌』 怎麼用英文來介紹籃球
The world's greatest sport ever. But of course, it hasn't been around since the world began. No, somebody had to have invented it. And that somebody would be James Naismith.
Born in Almonte, Ontario, Canada, this Canadian Gym Teacher and Physician would soon be the founder of basketball. It all started in December of 1891. Naismith was teaching in Springfield, Massachusetts and was asked by Luther H. Gulick, the Headmaster of the school for Christian Works to make a new sport. The main idea of the sport was mainly to be played inside when it was too cold to go outside. The new sport also had to keep athletes in their top conditions between the baseball and football season. Naismith began to work. The first game-ball was a soccer ball.
The first baskets were peach baskets that Naismith cleverly thought of hanging on the wall. From there, the legacy of basketball began. Originally, there was 9 men to each team, but the objective was still the same; to pass the ball to other players on your team and put the ball in the opposing team's net, or basket back then. From there, basketball caught on like a wildfire.
During 1885 highschools and colleges began to adopt the game, and by 1898, the first Pro. League was founded. After the first game played, Naismith drafted 13 rules and regulations, but many more were yet to come. The hoops we know today were invented in 1906. They were steel, with a net hanging from its rim.
翻譯:籃球被譽為世界上最偉大的運動之一。籃球的發明者是James Naismith。1891年，James Naismith在馬塞諸塞當體育老師的時候，校長讓他為基督教想出一種運動，這種運動一定要在室內進行，運動員在比賽時還要有棒球和足球比賽時的激情。經過思考，他想出了一個辦法：在牆上掛網子，然後把球扔向這個用網子做的籃子里，籃球運動由此而生。最初，參加籃球比賽的每個隊伍有9個隊員，比賽規則是：球員把球傳給本隊隊員，然後將球投向對方的筐子里。直到1898年，第一支專業籃球隊成立。
『玖』 跪求有關中美籃球文化比較的英文資料或者論文
幫樓主找了些資料，希望會有用。
第一篇
China: The Worst of American Basketball
I completed my first camp in Cheng City, China. The camp is great; I have never signed so many autographs in my life.
However, my initial observation of Chinese basketball is that it encompasses all that is bad with American basketball with little of the good. Europe learned the game from American coaches at a time when American basketball was characterized by creativity, teamwork, discipline and fundamentals. It seems as though China is learning from American AAU coaches interested in exposure and isolation, 1v1 play as opposed to the same fundamental emphasis of past generations.
Now, these are not the best players in China. But, if an average camp and pick-up games played at a university are any indication, Chinese basketball is characterized by too much dribbling, poor shooting and quick whistles. Post players avoid contact like the plague; it's easy to see why Yao Ming is so soft, as players expect a call if someone breathes near them.
What stands out the most is the complete inability to make shots. Not only is the form horrible, but players cannot finish shots around the basket.
Watching players play 1v1 is like watching the And 1 Tapes, as they dribble and dribble and dribble and then throw the ball off the backboard; unfortunately, nobody is there to nk the miss/pass.
Even the most ardent critic of American basketball must acknowledge the exceptional athleticism, aggressive indivial defense, ability to create a shot and the physical strength which characterizes American basketball. From what I have seen thus far, and again, these are not the best players, even these traits are absent from Chinese basketball.
The love of the game is strong; and, there are so many people, it logically makes sense that the cream will rise and the country will proce more talented players beyond Yao Ming. However, much as many Americans believe a cultural shift is necessary in youth basketball, my initial experience in China leads me to believe Chinese basketball needs a similar shift toward a more fundamental game and more basic movement training for youth basketball players.
Posted by Brian McCormick at 11:30 PM
1 comments:
Anonymous said...
That's surprising to hear; it seems as though it's a stereotype that Chinese players are very fundamental-e to what you mentioned...lack of athleticism, strength, etc. I assumed the technical aspect of the game would therefore be their strength.
Maybe we will see a little preview on Sunday when the USA team plays China in the world championships in Japan?
第二篇
The "mountain" just keeps getting larger.
Six years ago, Yao Ming innocently looked at the anticipated clash of giants to come and said that Shaquille O'Neal "is the mountain in my way." It was about basketball then, and about the excitement of a new career full of promise that was about to begin.
The challenge now, however, has become far greater than any single opponent, more daunting than finally winning that first playoff series or his new goal of playing 82 games in a season again. Perhaps it always was.
He was charged with bridging two worlds, bringing the West and China closer together.
He was to be the indivial, through the relatively harmless prism of sports, to help us understand and appreciate China and to bring China and its still-new relative openness closer to the West.
We learned this week that it is the peak he still has not conquered.
The stunning news that Yao will miss the rest of the season because of a stress fracture in his left foot more than crushed him and radically changed the Rockets' prospects.
It made him, through no fault of his own, a barrier rather than bridge between factions and suspicions on either side of the Pacific.
There were rapid criticisms from China that Yao was overworked, leading to his injury. Though he was playing an average of 37 minutes a game, there is no evidence that playing time could be blamed. Not when the soreness began in February, with 30 games to play. Playing 34 or 35 minutes for 82 games and then playoffs is more taxing than his 37 minutes in 50 games.
Overworked in China?
There was conjecture, equally unfounded, that he was overburdened by his ties to the Chinese national team. But he took most of June off for his indivial training. He spent much of July and August on his wedding and honeymoon. He played in a few exhibitions, but with no more demands than the average player at Fonde Rec Center.
The comments about his play in China would have you believe he is chasing chickens in a field and carrying teammates on his back. He does fly coach, and when he is with the national team he stays in relatively Spartan accommodations. He did not break his foot in February because he failed to stay at the Ritz on a road trip in September.
Eventually, he will have to cut back on his summer workload. There is only so much ball a player, particularly one carrying 300 pounds, has in him. His now-frequent injuries bring understandable concerns about his threshold. But much of the suppositions are based on attitudes about Chinese treatment of athletes now outdated as they relate to Yao.
Worst, and most foolish of all, there were charges that Yao was somehow wrong to have said that he would consider missing the Beijing Olympics the greatest loss of his career.
If he is not committed enough to his NBA team, no one is. No one gives more.
When Tad Brown, the Rockets CEO, went to the locker room on Tuesday to give Yao a hug, he could not get there fast enough.
"I'm sorry," Yao said. "I'm so sorry. I'm sorry to the franchise. I'm sorry to the city. I'm sorry to Mr. (Leslie) Alexander. I'm so sorry."
"If there is anyone dedicated to his team in the entire league, it is Yao Ming," teammate Shane Battier said. "Anyone that doubts that needs psychiatric help. But especially these Olympics, with the magnitude of the Olympics on a global scale to showcase China as an international power, with him as the centerpiece — it's incredibly important."
Une criticism
Yet Yao was criticized for his devotion to playing for his national team in the one Olympics in his career that will be played in China.
This is the height of hypocrisy given our frequent criticism of American athletes for not representing their nation. We're supposed to be the country that understands and embraces other cultures and values, not the country that tries to change them. We don't condemn differences; we celebrate them.
Yao is Chinese. He cherishes playing for his national team. At the end of an NBA season, the last thing he wants to do is jump into a summer season. But a month later, he wants to play for China. He needs to play for China.
"He's a player that is shared among the Rockets, the city of Houston, the NBA and China," Rockets general manager Daryl Morey said. "We're absolutely OK with that. It's Yao. Yao Ming's Chinese heritage is so important to him. Him not playing, not representing his country in China would be like not playing basketball at all.
"It's who he is."
The Rockets don't merely accept that Yao plays for China.
"We love it," Brown said. "The things he embraces so dearly, we embrace. He is a man of honor, nobility, charity and humility. You look for more people like that."
Everyone does, which, in the end, is something shared. China's pride swells when Yao plays for the Rockets, just as the Rockets celebrate his play for China.
Perhaps, then, in that way, he can still bridge cultures so far apart.
第三篇
Taking China to the hoop
A rag-tag team of retired NBA All Stars and also-rans gave the Chinese National squad a pre-Olympic workout, but medals weren't on the minds of the NBA marketing men. China is the meatiest market and mainlanders are already mad for Showtime.
By Ron Gluckman/Beijing
CLYDE 'THE GLIDE' DREXLER nabs the ball from an opponent, flicks it to a teammate, then races up court for the return pass. He leaps high and glides to the hoop for a lay-up. Dream Teamer Drexler has made the same sort of play hundreds of times. But never upon this court, nor in this country.
This time the basketball legend is putting his moves on Middle Kingdom, to the delight of a fervent crowd of fans in the Chinese capital.
Drexler, one of the NBA's 50 greatest all-time players, with more than 20,000 points under his belt, appeared with the NBA Legends before 10,000 screaming fans at Beijing's Workers' Stadium in August, before continuing on a tri-city ten day tour of China that ended in Shanghai a week a later.
It was not a make or break tournament game, but a potential marketing play for the NBA that brought Drexler, a Portland Trailblazers All Star and champion with the Houston Rockets to Beijing.
More important than victory was what it represented: another big step forward for the NBA in one of its most lucrative markets, China.
Drexler and the NBA Legends did not disappoint - dazzling their Chinese fans with shakes, bakes and fakes. The Chinese team, a line-up featuring three players towering over 7-feet tall, fell to the American squad, 79-73.
"I like the big guys on the Chinese team," Drexler said. "They have good low-post moves. They just need to get in the weight room and get bigger, stronger. They're just not as physical as NBA players, and that's the key."
Wang Zhi, star of the Chinese team, and drafted last year by the Dallas Mavericks, added: "The NBA had strong defense, and a big advantage in rebounding and passing the ball. They are very physical, stronger, and with better skills. Of course, they are legends."
Actually, that's a stretch. Besides Drexler, 38, the squad featured retired All Stars like Rolando Blackman and Buck Williams, plus lesser lights like Joe Wolf and Danny Schayes. Superstar Dominique Wilkins canceled at the last-minute, leaving only one other legitimate legend on the tour, Hall-of-Famer Rick Barry. However, he was confined to the bench, as coach of the over-the-hill squad.
"We're legends for a reason," joked Drexler. "Guys like Buck and me, we're almost 40. They gave us a workout there, but we hung in and got the win."
BASKETBALL LEGACY
China has a long association with basketball, brought here by American YMCA missionaries soon after the game was invented in the late 1890s. That makes China the second-oldest basketball playing nation after only the United States. It's also, by many accounts, nearly as fanatical.
The coolest gear to Chinese kids is unquestionably NBA sportswear, preferably with the logo of the Los Angeles Lakers, the world champions. Posters for Kobe Bryant and Shaquille O'Neal are plastered over the windows of innumerable Nike boutiques.
With Michael Jordan - or MY-KE JOE-DAHN - tripping off tongues even in remote parts of China, the basketball player's fame seems to eclipses even that of another American marketing sensation, Madonna.
"The most famous American in China is Michael Jordan," says Tom McCarthy, chief executive officer of Asian Basketball Confederation Promotions, which pumps up the sport in over 40 nations across Asia and the Middle East. China is a top priority, and a huge success story.
"China has a basketball playing population of 210 million that's playing, coaching or involved in activities related to the sport. "Basketball is the only sport played in every school in the country," he adds.
"It's by far the fastest-growing sport in China and it's going to get bigger. The Chinese love basketball." Indeed, in one recent mainland survey, former NBA star Jordan slam-nked even Chairman Mao in popularity.
One Chinese sports reporter at the Legends game offered a little perspective: "Basketball is popular and growing, but the numbers are still low compared to football (as soccer is known here)."
Still, he conceded, "it's big with the young people and has been getting bigger since the NBA games started being shown here."
Slam Dunking Overseas
Overseas promotion of the sport has been a longstanding goal of the NBA. Coach Rick Barry, 56, a phenomenal scorer for the then-San Francisco (now Golden State) Warriors in the 1960s and 1970s, recalls a 1984 exhibition tour to China. "I played in this same stadium with guys like Pistol Pete," he says, referring to fellow NBAer Pete Maravich.
However, promotional activities really picked up steam in the 1990s, under the direction of Commissioner David Stern, who has built the NBA into what is arguably the world's best-promoted sports brand. The timing was perfect.
NBA boomed at about the same time as China began opening up to foreign programming. Videos of NBA games were offered Chinese Central TV (CCTV) in a barter deal that led to blanket coverage for the NBA on Chinese TV. That raised the profile of the game.
Things really took off in the mid-1990s, when the Chinese basketball leagues reorganized into a club format, enabling enterprises to buy and promote provincial teams. Last year, there were two dozen men's pro teams in China, plus seven women's teams.
"Asia is a boom market for us," says Michael Denzel, managing director of NBA Asia, which has recently doubled the size of its Hong Kong office and hopes to open its first office in China this year. "China is still small, in terms of revenue, but we're building up, step by step. We see tremendous opportunity here."
The NBA is far from the first American outfit to embrace the potential of the mainland market. Since economic reforms in the early 1990s spawned double-digit growth, western firms have rushed in to mine the fast-emerging new Chinese middle class.
And Americana sells. Bowling, for instance, boomed in China in the 1990s. At one point, Shanghai even considered a ban on new alleys after construction of the facilities exploded - from six lanes in 1980 to more than 1,500 in 1996.
Turn on Chinese television, and see scores of ads for miracle stain removers, pocket sewing devices and other mainstays of Saturday morning American TV. Some chains even shamelessly recycle old jingles, and why not? What is cliche back home is reborn as innovative in China.
Not a fast break
The NBA takes a slightly different tact. Pursuing profit is only part of the package. "We're here to promote the sport and help improve the skills of the Chinese," says McCarthy. "This is all about building partnerships, working together."
A previous tour of NBA old-timers, in late 1998, boasted bigger names: Kareem Abl-Jabbar, Moses Malone and Alex English. They drew fans, but were slow on the court.
"We wanted younger guys to make it a game," says McCarthy. "The Chinese need better competition to improve."
And it's not all about big-name players and marketing. In every city, the players conct clinics with Chinese children. "It's pretty much the same as I do back home," notes Joe Wolf, 33, a big man for the Los Angeles Clippers, Orlando Magic and Denver Nuggets.
"The amazing thing here was to see the kind of fundamentals the kids have. The skill level is promising."
China, for its part, is willing to partner with the NBA to build its team into a power in world basketball, much as it developed its swimming program through relentless training.
In July, China's national team attended training camp at a basketball academy in Oregon. Already, the partnership is paying dividends.
"This is by far the best team China has ever proced," observes Lu Xuezhou, a sportswriter with China Youth Daily. Included are two players who have already attracted interest from the NBA.
Last year, the Orlando Magic offered a short contract to Hu Weidong, 29, a smooth-shooting forward who sunk several three-pointers in Beijing. A leg injury nixed consideration of the Orlando offer. "But if I had a chance this year, and was allowed, I'd love to try," he says.
Greater attention focuses on Wang Zhi, a 7-footer with enormous mobility. He was drafted at number 36 by Dallas, but his army-owned team has refused to let him go. Rumors are rampant in Beijing of a deal that will be announced after next month's Olympics, making Wang, 23, the first Chinese export to the NBA.
Dallas general manager and longtime coach Don Nelson was spotted in the stands; even NBA officials were unaware of his attendance in Beijing. "Whether Wang joins our team or not is really out of my control," he said, "but we drafted him because we believe in his potential as an NBA player."
Nelson added that Yao Ming (at left), bbed China's "Baby Giant," who is already 7-foot 5-inches at 19, would likely be a first-round NBA pick when eligible. (Some think he may go Number One in the draft).
The Chinese players aren't allowed to apply for the draft until they are 22, and then need permission of their teams. Clearly, many are eager to try.
Player salaries in China average $12,500 per year, with top star Wang, reportedly earning $65,000 - about Shaquille O』Neal gets for a single slam-nk. Even second-rate American players earn 100 times the salary of Chinese pros.
The pay is clearly alluring for Chinese players, but so is the idea of a Chinese player in the NBA.
"Having a Chinese player in the NBA would be phenomenal," says Denzel, "and not just for the NBA, but also China. It would mean more viewers, potentially more merchandise sales, but ultimately would help spread the sport of basketball."
Then, there is the subject of goodwill, which, after all, was a major aim of the tour. America's image soured in China after the U.S.-led NATO bombing that destroyed China's embassy in Belgrade, killing three Chinese nationals.
After the incident, NBA programming was pulled from the tube - a reminder that sports and politics have proven a powerful mix in China in the past. It was, after all, a ping pong team in the 1970s that helped nudge forward the American-Chinese détente.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Basketball_Association
『拾』 美國籃球文化 英文翻譯
美國籃球文化。
American basketball culture.