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聯運費率英語怎麼說及英語單詞

發布時間: 2022-06-19 14:35:22

Ⅰ 幫忙總結下相關外貿出口的專業英語單詞術語,謝謝啦。

1.Trade-related Terms 貿易相關術語
A.貿易
Foreign Trade 對外貿易
Entrepot Trade F。) 轉口貿易
Home (Domestic)Trade 內貿
Coastal Trade 沿海貿易
Cross-border Trade 邊境貿易
Barter Trade 易貨貿易
Compensation Trade 補償(互補)貿易
Bilateral trade (between China and the US) (中美)雙邊貿易
Multilateral Trade ( Multilaterism ) 多邊貿易
Trading House/Corporation/Firm/Company 貿易公司
Liner Trade 集裝箱班輪運輸

B.合同
Contract 合同
Active service contracts on file 在備有效服務合同
Sales Contract 銷售合同
Sales Confirmation 銷售確認書
Agreement 協議
Vessel sharing Agreement 共用艙位協議
Slot-sharing Agreement 共用箱位協議
Slot Exchange Agreement 箱位互換協議
Amendment 修正合同
Appendix 附錄
Quota 配額

C.服務合同
Service Contract as provided in the Shipping Act of 1984, a contract between
a shipper (or a shippers association) and an ocean carrier
(or conference)in which the shipper makes a commitment
to provide a certain minimum quantity of cargo or freight revenue
over a fixed time period,and the ocean common carrier or
conference commits to a certain rate or rate scheles as well
as a defined service level (such as assured space,transit time,
port rotation or similar service features)。The contract may
also specify provisions in the event of non-performance on the
part of either party 服務合同

A service contract is a confidential contract between a VOCC and
1 or more shippers in which the shipper(s) make a cargo commitment,
and the carrier makes a rate and service commitment.
服務合同是一家有船承運人與一個和多個托運人簽訂的保密合同,
在合同中托運人對貨量作出承諾,承運人對運價和服務作出承諾。
Only a VOCC (or agreement of VOCCs) may enter into a service
contract as carrier.
只有有船承運人(有船承運人協議)可以作為承運人簽訂服務合同。
NVOCCs may enter into service contracts as shippers, but not as carrier.
無船承運人可以作為托運人來簽訂服務合同,但不可以作為承運人簽訂服務合同。
Allows a carrier to lawfully charge a negotiated, non-tariff rate.
允許承運人合法地收取已達成協議的,非運價本運價。
Allows parties to keep the negotiated rate confidential.
允許簽約方對已達成協議的運價保密。
Today, the vast majority of liner cargo in the U.S. trade moves under
confidential service contracts.
目前,絕大多數美國航線的班輪貨物通過保密的服務合同運輸。
Must be with qualified shipper(s).
必須與合格的托運人簽訂服務合同。
Must include shipper cargo commitment and carrier rate and service commitments.
必須包括托運人貨量承諾,承運人運價和服務承諾。
Must include shipper certification.
必須有托運人的身份證明。
Must be signed by the carrier and the shipper.
必須由承運人和托運人簽署。
Must be filed with the FMC.
必須向FMC登記
Electronic filing is permitted.
允許電子登記
Rates kept confidential - certain 「essential terms」 published.
運價保密 -一些「基本條款」公布
Service Contract Form
服務合同的格式
Term 1 = origin. 條款1 = 啟運地
Term 2 = destination. 條款2 =目的地
Term 3 = a list of commodities. 條款3 = 商品類別
Term 4 – MQC 條款4 = 最低箱量
Term 5 = Service Commitments 條款5 = 服務承諾
Term 6 = Rate Schele 條款5 = 費率表
Term 7 - Liquidated Damages Clause 條款7 = 清算損失條款
Term 8 – Contract Term 條款8 = 合同期限
Term 9A = Legal names of contract parties. 條款9A = 合同方的法定名稱
Term 9B = Identity of contract signatories. 條款9B = 簽字人的身份
Term 9C = Date the contract was signed. 條款9C = 合同簽字日
Other Provisions 其它條款
Term 10 = shipper certification. 條款10 = 托運人的身份
Term 11 = contract records. 條款11 = 合同記錄
Term 12 = other provisions (including force 條款12 = 其它條款(包括不可
majeure, cancellation, arbitration, and 抗拒力,終止,仲裁和
assignment clauses). 轉讓 條款)

Signature Block 簽字欄

The Shipper Party 托運方
Is the Shipper Party qualified? 托運方是否合格?
Must be cargo owner, NVOCC, or shipper』s 必須是貨主,無船承運人和托運人協會association.
Cannot be freight forwarder. 不可以是貨運代理人
Is the shipper party the party that will use 托運方是否為合同的使用方?
the contract?
Cannot be agent or affiliate of shipper party. 不可以是托運方的代理和附屬公司
Exception: Affiliate of BCO may be shipper 特殊情況:如果直接貨主的附屬
party if it will be responsible for the freight. 公司負責運費,其可以是托運方。
Must Use Full Legal Name 必須使用法定的全稱
The full legal name and business address 服務合同中必須顯示
of the shipper party must appear on the 托運方的法定全稱和營業地址。
service contract.
Should usually include a corporate identifier 通常必須包括公司的標志符
(Inc., Ltd., Co.). (Inc., Ltd., Co.)
Contract heading, Term 9, and signature 合同的標題,第9條款
block should match. 和簽字欄必須一致。

Affiliates 附屬公司
Shipper party may list affiliates entitled to use 托運方可以在合同第9條款中
the service contract in Section 9. 列入有權使用服務合同的附屬公司。
An affiliate is a person that controls, is 附屬公司是指擁有托運方,
controlled by, or is under common control 被托運方擁有或被同一公司擁有的實體。
with, the shipper party.
The full legal name and business address of 必須包括每一個附屬公司
each affiliate must be included. 的法定全稱和營業地址。
Trade names may also be indicated in 除法定全稱外,也可列入商號。
addition to the full legal name.
NVOCCs may not list affiliates. 無船承運人不可列入附屬公司。
When the Service Contract May be Used 何時可以使用服務合同?
A service contract may not be used until the 只有在SECAUCUS辦公室
Secaucus office notifies the agent that the 通知代理服務合同已經向FMC
service contract has been filed with the FMC. 登記後,服務合同才可以使用。

The Secaucus office will issue Daily Filing Notices. SECAUCUS辦公室將發出「每日登記通知」。
Enforcement of Service Contract Terms 服務合同條款的執行
not to deviate from the service contract terms. 不可以偏離服務合同條款。
A contract may be amended to rece MQC or 服務合同可進行修改減少
extend the contract term. 最低箱量或延長服務合同
If the MQC (as amended, if applicable) is not 如果最低貨量沒有完成,
satisfied, an invoice for liquidated damages 在合同到期後30天內
must be issued within 30 days of the end of 發出清算損失發票。
the service contract term.
Service Contract must be with qualified shipper. 服務合同必須與合格的托運人簽訂。
Shipper Party is person that will use the contract. 托運方為將會使用合同的人。
Full name (and trade name, if any) and address of 條款9中必須顯示托運方和
shipper party and any affiliates entitled to use the 任何有權使用合同的附屬公司的
contract must appear in Term 9. 全稱(和商號,如果有)和營業地址。
If contract is with Shipper』s Association, Members 如果與托運人協會簽訂合同,
entitled to use the contract must be listed. 合同中必須列入有權使用合同的成員公司。
All parties entitled to use contract must certify status. 所有有權使用合同的各方必須證明其身份。
Contract may not be used until filed with the FMC. 在沒有向FMC登記前,合同不可以使用。
Only shipper party and named affiliates (or listed 只有托運方和指名的附屬公司
members if SA) may use the contract. (或列入的托運人協會的成員公司)
可以使用合同。

D.條款
Contract Terms (and conditions ) 合同條款
Article 條
Section 節/項
Item 款
Stipulation 規定
Essential terms 必備(主要)條款
Revision 修改
Alteration 更改
Contract Signatory 合同簽署方(人)
Merchant 簽約方
Head-Contractor 總承包商
Sub-Contractor 分包商
Parties to the contract 合同(協議簽約)有關各方

E. 買賣方、中介
Manufacturer 製造(廠)商
Buyer 買方
Seller 賣方
Broker 中間人/ 掮客(跑街先生)
Middle-man 中間人(商)

OTI 遠洋運輸中介公司

NVO (NVOCC) Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier 無船承運人
NVOCC Services may include but are not limited to: 無船承運人提供的服務包括但不局限於:
1) purchasing transportation services from a VOCC and offering 向船舶承運人購買再向
such services for resale to other persons 他人轉售運輸服務
2) payment of port to port or multi-modal transportation charges 支付港到港或全程
多式聯運費用
3) entering into affreightment agreements with underlying shippers 與大貨主簽訂運輸合同
4) issuing bills of lading or equivalent documents 簽發提單或相同效用單證
5) arranging for inland transportation and paying for inland freight 安排內陸運輸,從全程
charges on through transportation movements 運費中支付內陸運費
6) paying lawful compensation to ocean freight forwarders 向貨代支付合理傭金
7) leasing containers 負責租用(集裝箱)貨櫃
8) entering into arrangements with origin or destination agents 與始發地、目的地代理簽
訂合作協議,落實運作
Any person operating in the US as an NVOCC shall furnish evidence 在美國經營無船承運人
of financial responsibility in the amount of USD 75000 必需提供保證金75000美元

Ocean Freight Broker 遠洋攬貨代理( 船東訂艙/營銷代理 )

Ocean Freight Broker is an entity 遠洋攬貨代理系
which is engaged by a carrier to secure cargo for such carrier 由船東經營,專事為本公司攬貨,
and/or offer for sale ocean transportation services 提供遠洋運輸服務的機構。對外
which holds itself out to the public as one who negotiates 負責與收、發貨人洽談運輸條款
between shipper or consignee and carrier for the purchase, 出售艙位等事宜。
sale,conditions and terms of transportation。
An Ocean Freight Broker is not required to be licensed to 遠洋攬貨代理無需專辦經營
perform those services。 執照

Cargo Forwarding Agent / Cargo Forwarder 貨運代理
Freight Forwarding / Forwarder 貨運代理

Ocean Freight Forwarder 遠洋貨運代理人
Freight Forwarding services may include,but are not limited to: 貨代服務包括但不局限於:
1) ordering cargo to port 安排將貨物運送至港區(口)
2) preparing and/or processing export declarations 安排出口報關
3) booking,arranging for or confirming cargo space 安排訂艙,確認艙位
4) preparing or processing delivery orders or dock receipts 安排裝貨單證(場站收據)
5) preparing and/or processing ocean bills of lading 安排海運提單
6) preparing or processing consular documents or 安排出口單證及
arranging for their certification 貨物出口相關證書
7) arranging for warehouse storage 安排倉庫儲放
8) arranging for cargo insurance 安排貨運保險
9) clearing shipments in accordance with Government 根據政府有關出口規定
export regulations 辦理貨物出口清關手續
10) preparing and/or sending advance notifications of 繕制貨運通知單及相關單證
shipments or other documents to banks,shippers,or 並按要求分送銀行、貨主
consignees,as required 或收貨人
11) handling freight or other money advanced by shippers, 安排支付發貨人應付海運費
or remitting or advancing freight or other money or credit 和其它費用;支付、電匯
in connection with the dispatching of shipments 海運費、及運輸相關費用
12) coordinating the movement of shipments from origin to vessel 協調貨物自出運地至船舶
的運輸
13) giving expert advice to exporters concerning letters of credit, 為出口商提供有關信用證、
other documents,license or inspections,or on problems 其它單證、執照、檢驗及
about cargoes dispatch。 其與貨物出運相關問題的專業咨詢服務
Any person operating in the US as an Ocean Freight Forwarder 在美國經營貨代必需提供
shall furnish evidence of financial responsibility in the amount 保證金50000美元
of USD 50000。
Shipping Agency / Agent 船務代理
Supplier / Provider 供方

F.公司
Head Office (Headquarters) 總公司
Board of Directors 董事會
Director 董事
CEO 首席執行官(總裁)
CFO 財務總監
Regional Office 區域性公司
Local Office 地區公司
Affiliate 附屬(子)公司
Branch Office 分公司
Sub-office 支公司
Subsidiaries 下屬公司
Liaison Office 聯絡處
Rep. Office (Representative Office) 代表(辦事)處
Chief Representative 首席代表
Group Company 集團公司
Conglomerate 集團公司(企業集團)

G.收發貨人
Shipper SPR 發貨人/托運人
Shipper may mean : 發貨人可以是:
1) a cargo owner 貨物持有者(真正意義上的貨主)
2) the person for whose account the ocean
transportation is provided 遠洋運輸費用支付人
3) the person to whom delivery is to be made 收貨人
4) a shippers』 association 貨主協會
an NVOCC that accepts responsibility for 承擔支付運價本費率或服務
payment of all charges applicable 合同費用的無船承運人
under the tariff or service contract
Consolidator A company that consolidates freight owned by various parties
into one container. 拼箱貨發貨人
Consignor 發貨人
Consignee 收貨人
Notify Party 通知方
Second Notify Party 第二通知方

Ⅱ 我今天看到國際多式聯運,裡面有個運費率,請問什麼是運費率

基本運費率(Basic Rate)。運費率是每單位貨物的價格,如每噸或每立方米即每運費噸的價格,也就是運費的單位。英文也可說成Freight Unit Price。

基本運費率是運價表中對貨物規定的必收的基本運費單價,是其它一些百分比收取附加費的計算基礎。

港口只查到基本費率,還不一定就是實際計算運費的完整單價。 如東非航線上模里西斯的路易斯港由香港轉來的二程船,10級散雜貨的基 本費率是84美元(USD)/FT;港口附加費費率是4美元/FT。

Ⅲ 費率用英語怎麼說

rate

  • 英[reɪt]

  • 美[ret]

  • n. 比率,率;速度;價格;等級

    vt. 認為;估價;責罵

    vi. 責罵;被評價

    n. (Rate)人名;(法、塞)拉特

    過去式rated過去分詞rated現在分詞rating

Ⅳ 公鐵聯運用英語怎麼說

公鐵聯運用英語這么說
highway-railway combined transport

公路鐵路聯運

Ⅳ 關於運費的外貿英語你知道多少

Who will bear the extra freight charges?

多出的運費由誰負擔?

Please quote your current tariffs.

請報你公司的最新運費表。

Freight for shipment from Shanghai to Hongkong is to be charged to your account.

從上海到香港的運費由貴方負擔。

The bill of lading should be marked as "freight prepaid".

提單上應該註明「運費預付」字樣。

Words and Phrases

transport charge 運輸費

cargo freight 運費

carriage 運費

carload rate 整車運費

carriage expense 運費

carriage free 免收運費

carriage paid 運費已付

carriage forward 運費待付

cartage 搬運費

cartage note 搬運費率

Liner's freight tariff 班輪運價表

Basic Rate 基本運費率

Heavy Lift Additional 超重附加費

Over Length Additional 超長附加費

transportation expenses 運輸費用

A.V. (Ad. Val) 從價運費

cash and carry 現付自運

Freight ton 運費噸

Weight ton 重量噸

Measurement ton 尺碼噸

Ⅵ 英語大寫FOB代表什麼意思

FOB是國際貿易中常用的貿易術語之一.FOB的全文是Free On Board(…named port of shipment),即船上交貨(離岸價格),習慣稱為裝運港船上交貨.
按此術語成交,由買方負責派船接運貨物,賣方應在合同規定的裝運港和規定的期限內,將貨物裝上買方指定的船隻,並及時通知買方.貨物在裝船時越過船舷,風險即由賣方轉移至買方.
在FOB條件下,賣方要負擔風險和費用,領取出口許可證或其他官方證件,並負責辦理出口手續.採用FOB術語成交時,賣方還要自費提供證明其已按規定完成交貨義務的證件,如果該證件並非運輸單據,在買方要求下,並由買方承擔風險和費用的情況下,賣方可以給予協助以取得提單或其他運輸單據.
一些國家鼓勵出口使用CIF術語,進口使用FOB術語,由本國保險公司和承運人保險或承運。
根據<2000通則>的解釋,FOB術語只適用於海運和內河運輸.
FOB
船上交貨
(……指定裝運港)
「船上交貨(……指定裝運港)」是當貨物在指定的裝運港越過船舷,賣方即完成交貨。這意味著買方必須從該點起承當貨物滅失或損壞的一切風險。FOB術語要求賣方辦理貨物出口清關手續。
該術語僅適用於海運或內河運輸。如當事各方無意越過船舷交貨,則應使用FCA術語。
A 賣方義務
B 買方義務
A1 提供符合合同規定的貨物
賣方必須提供符合銷售合同規定的貨物和商業發票或有同等作用的電子訊息,以及合同可能要求的、證明貨物符合合同規定的其他任何憑證。
B1 支付價款
買方必須按照銷售合同規定支付價款。
A2 許可證、其他許可和手續
賣方必須自擔風險和費用,取得任何出口許可證或其他官方許可,並在需要辦理海關手續時,辦理貨物出口貨物所需的一切海關手續。
B2 許可證、其他許可和手續
買方必須自擔風險和費用,取得任何進口許可證或其他官方許可,並在需要辦理海關手續時,辦理貨物進口和在必要時從他國過境所需的一切海關手續。
A3 運輸合同和保險合同
a)運輸合同
無義務。
b)保險合同
無義務。
B3 運輸合同和保險合同
a)運輸合同
買方必須自付費用訂立從指定的裝運港運輸貨物的合同。
b)保險合同
無義務。
A4 交貨
賣方必須在約定的日期或期限內,在指定的裝運港,按照該港習慣方式,將貨物交至買方指定的船隻上。
B4 受領貨物
買方必須在賣方按照A4規定交貨時受領貨物。
A5 風險轉移
除B5規定者外,賣方必須承擔貨物滅失或損壞的一切風險,直至貨物在指定的裝運港越過船舷為止。
B5 風險轉移
買方必須按照下述規定承擔貨物滅失或損壞的一切風險:
貨物在指定的裝運港越過船舷時起;及
於買方未按照B7規定通知賣方,或其指定的船隻未按時到達,或未接收貨物,或較按照B7通知的時間提早停止裝貨,則自約定的交貨日期或交貨期限屆滿之日起,但以該項貨物已正式劃歸合同項下,即清楚地劃出或以其他方式確定為合同項下之貨物為限。
A6 費用劃分
除B6規定者外,賣方必須支付
貨物有關的一切費用,直至貨物在指定的裝運港越過船舷時為止;及
需要辦理海關手續時,貨物出口需要辦理的海關手續費用及出口時應交納的一切關稅、稅款和其他費用。
B6 費用劃分
買方必須支付
貨物在指定的裝運港越過船舷之時起與貨物有關的一切費用;及
於買方指定的船隻未按時到達,或未接收上述貨物,或較按照B7通知的時間提早停止裝貨,或買方未能按照B7規定給予賣方相應的通知而發生的一切額外費用,但以該項貨物已正式劃歸合同項下,即清楚地劃出或以其他方式確定為合同項下之貨物為限;及
需要辦理海關手續時,貨物進口應交納的一切關稅、稅款和其他費用,及辦理海關手續的費用,以及貨物從他國過境的費用。
A7 通知買方
賣方必須給予買方說明貨物已按照A4規定交貨的充分通知。
B7 通知賣方
買方必須給予賣方有關船名、裝船點和要求交貨時間的充分通知。
A8 交貨憑證、運輸單據或有同等作用的電子訊息
賣方必須自付費用向買方提供證明貨物已按照A4規定交貨的通常單據。
除非前項所述單據是運輸單據,否則應買方要求並由其承擔風險和費用,賣方必須給予買方一切協助,以取得有關運輸合同的運輸單據(如可轉讓提單、不可轉讓海運單、內河運輸單據或多式聯運單據)。如買賣雙方約定使用電子方式通訊,則前項所述單據可以由具有同等作用的電子數據交換(EDI)訊息代替。
B8 交貨憑證、運輸單據或有同等作用的電子訊息
買方必須接受按照A8規定提供的交貨憑證。
A9 查對、包裝、標記
賣方必須支付為按照A4規定交貨所需進行的查對費用(如核對貨物品質、丈量、過磅、點數的費用)。
賣方必須自付費用,提供按照賣方訂立銷售合同前已知的該貨物運輸(如運輸方式、目的港)所要求的包裝(除非按照相關行業慣例,合同所述貨物無需包裝發運)。包裝應作適當標記。
B9 貨物檢驗
買方必須支付任何裝運前檢驗的費用,但出口國有關當局強制進行的檢驗除外。
A10 其他義務
應買方要求並由其承當風險和費用,賣方必須給予買方一切協助,以幫助其取得由裝運地國和/或原產地國所簽發或傳送的、為買方進口貨物可能要求的和必要時從他國過境所需的任何單據或有同等作用的電子訊息(A8所列的除外)。
應買方要求,賣方必須向買方提供投保所需的信息。
B10 其他義務
買方必須支付因獲取A10所述單據或有同等作用的電子訊息所發生的一切費用,並償付賣方因給予協助而發生的費用。
對FOB術語的解釋
FREE ON BOARD(…named port of shipment),即裝運港船上交貨(……指定裝運港)。此術語是指賣方在約定的裝運港將貨物交到買方指定的船上。按照《2000年通則》規定,此術語只能適用於海運和內河航運。但是,如合同當事人不採用越過船舷交貨,則採用FCA術語更為適宜。 (一) 買賣雙方基本義務的劃分
按國際商會對FOB的解釋,買賣雙方各自承擔的基本義務。概括起來,可作如下劃分:
1.賣方義務
(1)在合同規定的時間或期限內,在裝運港,按照習慣方式將貨物交到買方指派的船上,並及時通知買方。
(2)自負風險和費用,取得出口許可證或其他官方批准證件。在需要辦理海關手續時,辦理貨物出口所需的一切海關手續。
(3)負擔貨物在裝運港越過船舷為止的一切費用和風險;
(4)自付費用提供證明貨物已交至船上的通常單據。如果買賣雙方約定採用電子通訊,則所有單據均可被具有同等效力的電子數據交換(EDI)信息所代替。
2.買方義務
(1)自負風險和費用取得進口許可證或其他官方批準的證件。在需要辦理海關手續時,辦理貨物進口以及經由他國過境的一切海關手續,並支付有關費用及過境費;
(2)負責租船或訂艙,支付運費,並給予賣方關於船名、裝船地點和要求交貨時間的充分的通知;
(3)負擔貨物在裝運港越過船舷後的一切費用和風險;
(4)接受賣方提供的有關單據,受領貨物,並按合同規定支付貨款。
3. 注意事項:
1. 買方必須自該交貨點起負擔一切費用和貨物滅失或者損壞的風險,這也就是說如果貨物在海上遇險或者遭遇海盜,將與賣方無關,賣方不應此理由拒絕支付貨款,所以賣方可以建議買方為貨物投保。
2..FOB價格包含了國內的所有費用。如果是貨物比較多或者利潤比較高的話,國內的費用是可以不用考慮的。而如果貨物比較少,就需要相應提高價格,因為單位成本增加了很多,單位成本主要包括:內陸運費(工廠到港口或者集裝箱倉庫)、裝卸費(特別是一些不能機械裝卸的貨物)、拼箱雜費、碼頭費、報送費、報檢費等。
(二) 《1941年美國對外貿易定義修訂本》對FOB的解釋
《1941年美國對外貿易定義修訂本》對FOB的解釋分為六種,其中只有:指定裝運港船上交貨」 (FOB Vessel,"named port of shipment」)與《2000年通則》對FOB術語的解釋相近。所以,《1941年美國對外貿易定義修訂本》對FOB的解釋與運用,同國際上的一般解釋與運用有明顯的差異,這主要表現在下列幾方面:
1.美國慣例把FOB籠統地解釋為在某處某種運輸工具上交貨,其適用范圍很廣,因此,在同美國、加拿大等國的商人按FOB訂立合同時,除必須標明裝運港名稱外,還必須在FOB後加上「船舶」(Vessel)字樣。如果只訂為「FOB SanFrancisco」而漏寫「Vessel」字樣,則賣方只負責把貨物運到舊金山城內的任何處所,不負責把貨物運到舊金山港口並交到船上。
2.在風險劃分上,不是以裝運港船舷為界,而是以船艙為界,即賣方負擔貨物裝到船艙為止所發生的一切丟失與損壞。
3.在費用負擔上,規定買方要支付賣方協助提供出口單證的費用以及出口稅和因出口而產生的其他費用。
(三)FOB的變形
在按FOB條件成交時,賣方要負責支付貨物裝上船之前的一切費用。但各國對於「裝船」的概念沒有統一的解釋,有關裝船的各項費用由誰負擔,各國的慣例或習慣做法也不完全一致。如果採用班輪運輸,船方管裝管卸,裝卸費計入班輪運費之中,自然由負責租船的買方承擔;而採用程租船運輸,船方一般不負擔裝卸費用。這就必須明確裝船的各項費用應由誰負擔。為了說明裝船費用的負擔問題,雙方往往在FOB術語後加列附加條件,這就形成了FOB的變形。主要包括以下幾種:
1.FOB Liner Tenns(FOB班輪條件)
這一變形是指裝船費用按照班輪的做法處理,即由船方或買方承擔。所以,採用這一變形,賣方不負擔裝船的有關費用。
2.FOB Under Tackle(FOB吊鉤下交貨)
指賣方負擔費用將貨物交到買方指定船隻的吊鉤所及之處,而吊裝入艙以及其他各項費用,概由買方負擔。
3.FOB Stowed(FOB理艙費在內)
指賣方負責將貨物裝入船艙並承擔包括理艙費在內的裝船費用。理艙費是指貨物人艙後進行安置和整理的費用。
4.FOB Trimmed(FOB平艙費在內)
指賣方負責將貨物裝入船艙並承擔包括平艙費在內的裝船費用。平艙費是指對裝入船艙的散裝貨物進行平整所需的費用。
在許多標准合同中,為表明由賣方承擔包括理艙費和平艙費在內的各項裝船費用,常採用FOBST(FOB Stowed and Trimmed)方式。
FOB的上述變形,只是為了表明裝船費用由誰負擔而產生的,並不改變FOB的交貨地點以及風險劃分的界限。《2000年通則》指出,《通則》對這些術語後的添加詞句不提供任何指導規定,建議買賣雙方應在合同中加以明確。
二、對CFR術語的解釋
COST AND FREIGHT(...Named port of destination),即成本加運費(……指定目的港)。此術語是指賣方必須負擔貨物運至約定目的港所需的成本和運費。這里所指的成本相當於FOB價,故CFR術語是在FOB價的基礎上加上裝運港至目的港的通常運費。
《2000年通則》指出,CFR是全球廣泛接受的「成本加運費」術語的惟一的標准代碼,不應再使用C&F(或C and F,C+F)這種傳統的術語。
在《2000年通則》中,明確規定CFR術語只能適用於海運和內河航運。如合同當事人不採用越過船舷交貨,則應使用CPT術語。
(一)買賣雙方基本義務的劃分
按國際商會對CFR的解釋,買賣雙方各自承擔的基本義務,概括起來,可作如下劃分:
1.賣方義務
(1)自負風險和費用,取得出口許可證或其他官方批準的證件,在需要辦理海關手續時,辦理貨物出口所需的一切海關手續。
(2)簽訂從指定裝運港承運貨物運往指定目的港的運輸合同;在買賣合同規定的時間和港口,將貨物裝上船並支付至目的港的運費;裝船後及時通知買方。
(3)承擔貨物在裝運港越過船舷為止的一切風險。
(4)向買方提供通常的運輸單據,如買賣雙方約定採用電子通訊,則所有單據均可被同等效力的電子數據交換(EDI)信息所代替。
2.買方義務
(1)自負風險和費用,取得進口許可證或其他官方批準的證件,在需要辦理海關手續時,辦理貨物進口以及必要時經由另一國過境的一切海關手續,並支付有關費用及過境費。
(2)承擔貨物在裝運港越過船舷以後的一切風險。
(3)接受賣方提供的有關單據,受領貨物,並按合同規定支付貨款。
(4)支付除通常運費以外的有關貨物在運輸途中所產生的各項費用以及包括駁運費和碼頭費在內的卸貨費。
(二)使用CFR的注意事項
1.賣方應及時發出裝船通知
按CFR條件成交時,由賣方安排運輸,由買方辦理貨運保險。如賣方不及時發出裝船通知,則買方就無法及時辦理貨運保險,甚至有可能出現漏保貨運險的情況。因此,賣方裝船後務必及時向買方發出裝船通知,否則,賣方應承擔貨物在運輸途中的風險和損失。
2.按CFR進口應慎重行事
在進口業務中,按CF、R條件成交時,鑒於由外商安排裝運,由我方負責保險,故應選擇資信好的國外客戶成交,並對船舶提出適當要求,以防外商與船方勾結,出具假提單,租用不適航的船舶,或偽造品質證書與產地證明。若出現這類情況,會使我方蒙受不應有的損失。
(三)CFR的變形
按CFR術語成交,如貨物是使用班輪運輸,運費由CFR合同的賣方支付,在目的港的卸貨費用實際上由賣方負擔。大宗商品通常採用租船運輸,如船方按不負擔裝卸費條件出租船舶,故卸貨費究竟由何方負擔,買賣雙方應在合同中訂明。為了明確責任,可在CFR術語後加列表明卸貨費由誰負擔的具體條件:
(1)CFR Liner Terms (CFR班輪條件)
這是指卸貨費按班輪辦法處理,即買方不負擔卸貨費。
(2)CFR Landed(CFR卸到岸上)
這是指由賣方負擔卸貨費,其中包括駁運費在內。
(3)CFR EX Tackle(CFR吊鉤下交貨)
這是指賣方負責將貨物從船艙吊起卸到船舶吊鉤所及之處(碼頭上或駁船上)的費用。在船舶不能靠岸的情況下,租用駁船的費用和貨物從駁船卸到岸上的費用,概由買方負擔。
(4)CFR Ex Ship's Hold (CFR艙底交貨)
這是指貨物運到目的港後,由買方自行啟艙,並負擔貨物從艙底卸到碼頭的費用。
應當指出,在CFR術語的附加條件,只是為了明確卸貨費由何方負擔,其交貨地點和風險劃分的界線,並無任何改變。《2000年通則》對術語後加列的附加條件不提供公認的解釋,建議買賣雙方通過合同條款加以規定。
CIF術語的中譯名為成本加保險費加運費,(指定目的港,其原文為Cost,Insurance and Freight(...named port of desti-nation)按此術語成交,貨價的構成因素中包括從裝運港至約定目的的港的通常運費和約定的保 險費,故賣方除具有與CFR術語的相同的義務外,還就為買方辦理貨運保險,交支付保險費,按一般國際貿易慣例,賣方投保的保險金額應按CIF價加成10%。如買賣雙方未約定具體險別,則賣方只需取得最低限底的保險險別,如買方要求加保戰爭險,在保險費由買方負擔的前提下,賣方應予加保,賣方投保時,如能辦到,應以合同貨幣投保。
需要強調指出的是,按CIF術語成交,雖然由賣方安排貨物運輸和辦理貨運保險,但賣方並不承擔保證把貨送到約定目的港的義務,因為CIF是屬於裝運交貨的術語,而不是目的港交貨的術語,也就是說CIF不是「到岸價」 。
CIF到岸價即"成本、保險費加運費"是指在裝運港當貨物越過船舷時賣方即完成交貨。
CIF通常是指FOB+運費+保險費。
C&F和CIF不同,C&F:cost and freight, 指成本+運費,後面跟目的地港口名稱,也就是說運費要算到目的港,責任也止到目的港。
C&F通常是指FOB+運費。
賣方必須支付將貨物運至指定的目的港所需的運費和費用,但交貨後貨物滅失或損壞的風險及由於各種事件造成的任何額外費用即由賣方轉移到買方。但是,在CIF條件下,賣方還必須辦理買方貨物在運輸途中滅失或損壞風險的海運保險。
因此,由賣方訂立保險合同並支付保險費。買方應注意到,CIF術語只要求賣方投保最低限度的保險險別。如買方需要更高的保險險別,則需要與賣方明確地達成協議,或者自行作出額外的保險安排。
CIF術語要求賣方辦理貨物出口清關手續。
該術語僅適用於海運和內河運輸。若當事方無意越過船舷交貨則應使用CIP術語。
A賣方義務
A1提供符合合同規定的貨物
賣方必須提供符合銷售合同規定的貨物和商業發票或有同等作用的電子訊息,以及合同可能要求的、證明貨物符合合同規定的其他任何憑證。
A2許可證、其他許可和手續
賣方必須自擔風險和費用,取得任何出口許可證或其他官方許可,並在需要辦理海關手續時,辦理貨物出口貨物所需的一切海關手續。
A3運輸合同和保險合同
a)運輸合同
賣方必須自付費用,按照通常條件訂立運輸合同,經由慣常航線,將貨物用通常可供運輸合同所指貨物類型的海輪(或依情況適合內河運輸的船隻)裝運至指定的目的港。
b)保險合同
賣方必須按照合同規定,自付費用取得貨物保險,並向買方提供保險單或其他保險證據,以使買方或任何其他對貨物具有保險利益的人有權直接向保險人索賠。保險合同應與信譽良好的保險人或保險公司訂立,在無相反明確協議時,應按照《協會貨物保險條款》(倫敦保險人協會)或其他類似條款中的最低保險險別投保。保險期限應按照B5和B4規定。應買方要求,並由買方負擔費用,賣方應加投戰爭、罷工、暴亂和民變險,如果能投保的話。最低保險金額應包括合同規定價款另加10%(即110%),並應採用合同貨幣。
A4交貨
賣方必須在裝運港,在約定的日期或期限內,將貨物交至船上。
A5風險轉移
除B5規定者外,賣方必須承擔貨物滅失或損壞的一切風險,直至貨物在裝運港越過船舷為止。
A6費用劃分
除B6規定者外,賣方必須支付 與貨物有關的一切費用,直至已經按照A4規定交貨為止;及按照A3a)規定所發生的運費和其他一切費用,包括貨物的裝船費;及按照A3b)規定所發生的保險費用;及根據運輸合同由賣方支付的、在約定卸貨港的任何卸貨費用;及在需要辦理海關手續時,貨物出口需要辦理的海關手續費用及出口時應繳納的一切關稅、稅款和其他費用,以及根據運輸合同規定由賣方支付的貨物從他國過境的費用。
A7通知買方
賣方必須給予買方說明貨物已按照A4規定交貨的充分通知,以及要求的任何其他通知,以便買方能夠為受領貨物採取通常必要的措施。
A9查對、包裝、標記
賣方必須支付為按照A4規定交貨所需進行的查對費用(如核對貨物品質、丈量、過磅、點數的費用)。
賣方必須自付費用,提供符合其安排的運輸所要求的包裝(除非按照相關行業慣例該合同所描述貨物無需包裝發運)。包裝應作適當標記。
A10其他義務
應買方要求並由其承當風險和費用,賣方必須給予買方一切協助,以幫助買方取得由裝運地國和/或原產地國所簽發或傳送的、為買方進口貨物可能要求的和必要時從他國過境所需的任何單據或有同等作用的電子訊息(A8所列的除外)。
應買方要求,賣方必須向買方提供額外投保所需的信息。
B1支付價款
買方必須按照銷售合同規定支付價款。
B2許可證、其他許可和手續
買方必須自擔風險和費用,取得任何進口許可證或其他官方許可,並在需要辦理海關手續時,辦理貨物進口及從他國過境的一切海關手續。
B3運輸合同與保險合同
a)運輸合同
無義務。
b)保險合同
無義務。
B4受領貨物
買方必須在賣方已按照A4規定交貨時受領貨物,並在指定的目的港從承運人處收受貨物。
B5風險轉移
買方必須承擔貨物在裝運港越過船舷之後滅失或損壞的一切風險。
如買方未按照B7規定給予賣方通知,買方必須從約定的裝運日期或裝運期限屆滿之日起,承擔貨物滅失或損壞的一切風險,但以該項貨物已正式劃歸合同項下,即清楚地劃出或以其他方式確定為合同項下之貨物為限。
B6費用劃分
除A3a)規定外,買方必須支付
自按照A4規定交貨時起的一切費用;及貨物在運輸途中直至到達目的港為止的一切費用,除非這些費用根據運輸合同應由賣方支付;及包括駁運費和碼頭費在內的卸貨費,除非這些費用根據運輸合同應由賣方支付;及如買方未按照B7規定給予賣方通知,則自約定的裝運日期或裝運期限屆滿之日起,貨物所發生的一切額外費用,但以該項貨物已正式劃歸合同項下,即清楚地劃出或以其他方式確定為合同項下之貨物為限;及在需要辦理海關手續時,貨物進口應交納的一切關稅、稅款和其他費用,及辦理海關手續的費用,以及需要時從他國過境的費用,除非這些費用已包括在運輸合同中。
B7通知賣方
一旦買方有權決定裝運貨物的時間和/或目的港,買方必須就此給予賣方充分通知。
A8交貨憑證、運輸單據或有同等作用的電子訊息賣方必須自付費用,毫不遲延地向買方提供表明載往約定目的港的通常運輸單據。
此單據(如可轉讓提單、不可轉讓海運單或內河運輸單據)必須載明合同貨物,其日期應在約定的裝運期內,使買方得以在目的港向承運人提取貨物,並且,除非另有約定,應使買方得以通過轉讓單據(可轉讓提單)或通過通知承運人,向其後手買方出售在途貨物。
如此運輸單據有數份正本,則應向買方提供全套正本。
如買賣雙方約定使用電子方式通訊,則前項所述單據可以由具有同等作用的電子數據交換(EDI)訊息代替。
B8交貨憑證、運輸單據或有同等作用的電子訊息買方必須接受按照A8規定提供的運輸單據,如果該單據符合合同規定的話。
B9貨物檢驗
買方必須支付任何裝運前檢驗的費用,但出口國有關當局強制進行的檢驗除外。
B10其他義務
買方必須支付因獲取A10所述單據或有同等作用的電子訊息所發生的一切費用,並償付賣方因給予協助而發生的費用。
應賣方要求,買方必須向其提供投保所需的信息.
[編輯本段]FOB、CFR和CIF三種術語的換算
1.FOB價換算為其他價CFR價=FOB價+國外運費CIF價=(FOB價+國外運費)/(1-投保加成×保險費率)
2.CFR價換算為其他價FOB價=CFR價-國外運費CIF價=CFR價/(1-投保加成×保險費率)
3.CIF價換算為其他價FOB價=CIF價×(1-投保加成×保險費率)-國外運費CFR價=C IF價×(1-投保加成×保險費率)
FOB價格的計算:
FOB={{1-[退稅率/(1+增值稅率)]} ×人民幣含稅價}/現匯買入價
公式解析:
FOB=(人民幣含稅價-退稅收入)/現匯買入價
其中:退稅收入=人民幣含稅價×[退稅率/(1+增值稅率)]
則:
FOB={人民幣含稅價-{人民幣含稅價×[退稅率/(1+增值稅率)]}}/現匯買入價
FOB={{1-[退稅率/(1+增值稅率)]} ×人民幣含稅價}/現匯買入價
另外:如果您的產品有出口關稅,FOB價是這樣計算的。
FOB美元價=[FOB人民幣價格×(1+關稅率)]/美元現匯買入價
在計算出口價格時,匯率為什麼用現匯買入價
匯價:外幣電匯,信匯或票匯買賣業務所使用的匯率。
一般它高於現鈔匯價,這是因為外幣現鈔一般不能在本國流通。
買入價:
只要您不把美元換成人民幣,會計都是按中間價拆算成人民幣記賬的,如果換成人民幣則銀行是按現匯買入價來算的。
買入價就是銀行收取外幣時願意支付的價格。
FOB中的國內費用包括:1、加工整理費用;2、包裝費用;3、保管費用(倉儲/租,火險等);4、國內運輸費用(倉至碼頭);5、證件費用(包括商檢費、公證費、領事簽證費、產地證費、許可證費、保管費等);6、裝船費(裝船、起吊費和駁船費等);7、銀行費用(貼現利息、手續費等);8、預計損耗(耗損、短損、漏損、破損、變質等);9、郵電費(電報、電話、電件、傳真、電子郵件等費用)。

Ⅶ 物流海運專用術語<英語》

看看如下的內容吧:
A
alongside -- The side of a vessel.
B
barrel -- A measurement term that refers to 42 gallons of liquid at 60 degrees Fahrenheit (15.56 degrees Celsius).
berth -- The structure where a vessel is secured for the loading and unloading cargo.
bonded warehouse -- A warehouse authorized by customs authorities for the storage of goods on which payment of ties is deferred until the goods are removed.
bow -- The front of a vessel. Also see "stern."
breakbulk cargo -- Loose, non-containerized procts. Examples include steel slabs and coils.
bulk cargo -- Loose cargo shipped in the cargo hold of a vessel without mark and count. Examples include coal, grain and sulfur.
bunker -- A maritime term that refers to fuel used aboard a vessel.
C
cargo -- Freight loaded into a vessel.
cargo manifest -- A list of all cargo carried on a specific vessel voyage.
cargo tonnage -- Most ocean freight is billed on the basis of weight or measurement tons (W/M). Weight tons can be expressed in short tons of 2,000 pounds, long tons of 2,240 pounds or metric tons of 1,000 kilos (2204.62 pounds). Measurement tons are usually expressed in cargo measurements of cubic feet (one cubic foot equals 0.03 cubic meters) or cubic meters (one cubic meter equals 35.31 cubic feet). Typically, 40 cubic feet (1.13 cubic meters) is the measurement standard.
carrier -- Any person or entity who, in a contract of carriage, undertakes to perform or procure the performance of carriage by rail, road, sea, air, inland waterway or by a combination of such transportation modes.
chassis -- A frame with wheels and container-locking devices in order to secure the container for movement.
container -- A truck trailer body that can be detached from the chassis for loading into a vessel, a railcar, or stacked in a container depot. Containers may be ventilated, insulated, refrigerated, flat rack, vehicle rack, open top, bulk liquid or equipped with interior devices. A container may be 20 feet (6.1 meters), 40 feet (12.19 meters), 45 feet (13.72 meters), 48 feet (14.63 meters) or 53 feet (16.15 meters) in length, eight feet (2.44 meters) or eight feet, six inches (2.59 meters) in width, and eight feet, six inches (2.59 meters) or nine feet, six inches (2.9 meters) in height.
container freight station (CFS) -- A shipping dock where cargo is loaded ("stuffed") into or unloaded ("stripped") from containers. Container reloading from/to rail or motor carrier equipment is a typical activity.
container terminal -- An area designated for the stowage of cargo in containers. Usually accessible by truck, railroad and marine transportation, the terminal is where containers are picked up, dropped off, maintained and stored.
containerization -- Stowage of general or special cargo in a container for transport in various modes.
containerload -- A cargo load sufficient in size to fill a container either by cubic measurement or by weight.
container port -- A seaport that features cargo terminals developed specifically to handle marine cargo containers.
D
dock -- For ships, a cargo-handling area where a vessel normally ties up. For land transportation, a loading or unloading platform at an instrial location or carrier terminal.
doublestack train -- A train using specialized railcars that enable marine cargo containers to be stacked one atop another.
draft -- The number of feet (or meters) that the hull of a ship is beneath the surface of the water.
dry bulk container -- A container constructed to carry grain, powder and other free-flowing solids in bulk. Used in conjunction with a tilt chassis or platform.
dry cargo -- Cargo that is solid in nature and normally does not require temperature control.
E
export -- Shipment of goods to a foreign country.
F
feeder service -- Cargo to/from regional ports are transferred to/from a central hub port for a long-haul ocean voyage.
feeder vessel -- A short-sea vessel that transfers cargo between a central hub port and smaller spoke ports.
FEUs -- Maritime abbreviation for "40-foot equivalent units," which refers to containers that are 40 feet (12.19 meters) in length. One FEU is equal to two TEUs, or "20-foot equivalent units." See "TEUs."
flat car -- A railcar without a roof and walls.
flat rack/flat bed container -- A container with no sides and frame members at the front and rear for cargo loading from the sides and top.
foreign-trade zone -- A free port in a country divorced from Customs authority but under government control. Merchandise, except that which is prohibited, may be stored in the zone without being subject to import ty regulations.
free port -- A restricted area at a seaport used for the handling of ty-exempt import goods.
freight -- Refers to either the cargo carried or the charges assessed for carriage of cargo.
freight forwarder -- A person whose business is to act as an agent on behalf of the shipper. A freight forwarder frequently makes the booking reservation.
G
gateway -- A point at which freight moving from one territory to another is interchanged between transportation lines.
gross weight -- The entire weight of goods, packaging, container and freight car, ready for shipment. Generally, the combined weight limit of the cargo, container and tractor for highway transport is 80,000 pounds (36,287.39 kilograms).
H
hatch -- The opening in the deck of a vessel, providing access to the cargo hold.
I
import -- Shipment of goods from a foreign country.
inland carrier -- A transportation line that hauls export or import traffic between ports and inland points.
intermodal -- A shipping term denoting the interchangeable movement of cargo containers between different modes of transportation, primarily ship, truck and train, where the equipment is compatible with the multiple transport systems.
J
Jacob's ladder -- A rope ladder suspended from the side of a vessel that is used for boarding.
just in time (JIT) -- In this method of inventory control, warehousing is minimal or non-existent: The container is a "movable" warehouse and must arrive neither too early nor too late
K
knot -- One knot is equal to one nautical mile (6,076 feet or 1,851.96 meters) per hour. In the early sailing days, speed was measured by tossing overboard a log secured by a line. Knots were tied into the line at intervals of approximately six feet (1.83 meters). The number of knots measured was then compared to the time required to travel the distance of 1,000 knots in the line.
L
laden -- Loaded aboard a vessel.
landbridge -- The movement of cargo, by water, from one country through the port of another country, by rail or truck, to an inland point in that country or to a third country. For example, cargo from Japan is landbridged across the United States to France.
liquid bulk -- Cargo that is fluid in nature and typically transported in tankers. Examples include oil and other petroleum procts.
longshoreman -- An indivial employed in a port to load and unload cargo vessels.
loose -- Without packing.
M
maritime -- Business pertaining to commerce or navigation transacted upon the sea or in seaports.
meter -- One meter is equal in length to 3.28 feet or 39.37 inches.
metric ton -- One metric ton is equal in weight to 2,204.62 pounds or 1,000 kilograms.
mile -- One mile is equal to 5,280 feet or 1.61 kilometers on land. Also see "nautical mile."
mini-landbridge -- An intermodal system for transporting containers by ocean and then by rail or motor to a port previously served as an all-water move. For example, cargo from China is mini-landbridged through Seattle to New York.
multimodal -- Synonymous with "intermodal" for all practical purposes.
N
nautical mile -- One nautical mile is equal in length to 607,612 feet or 1.85 kilometers, which is the distance of one minute of longitude measured at the equator. Also see "mile."
near-dock railyard -- A cargo facility used primarily to sort marine cargo containers and assemble into trainloads bound for common destinations. These railyards are located inland, in close proximity to a port waterfront.
non-vessel operating common carrier (NVOCC) -- A cargo consolidator in ocean trades that will buy space from a carrier and subsell it to smaller shippers. The NVOCC concts itself as an ocean carrier, except that it will not provide the actual ocean or intermodal service.
O
on-dock railyard -- A cargo facility used primarily to sort marine cargo containers and assemble them into trainloads bound for common destinations. These railyards are located on a port waterfront.
origin -- The location where a freight shipment begins its movement.
overheight cargo -- Freight that is more than eight feet high, or too tall to fit into a standard container.
P
pallet -- A platform with or without sides, on which a number of packages or pieces may be loaded to facilitate handling by a forklift or similar functioning equipment.
pier -- The structure where a vessel is secured for the loading and unloading cargo.
piggyback -- A transportation arrangement whereby truck trailers and their loads are carried and moved by train to a destination.
port -- There are three common definitions:
1. A harbor with piers or docks.
2. The left side of a ship when facing the bow. Also see "starboard."
3. An opening in a vessel's side, used for handling freight.
port of call -- A port where a vessel discharges or receives freight.
port of entry -- A port where cargo enters a country and is unloaded.
port of exit -- A port where cargo is loaded and leaves a country.

Q
quay -- A structure attached to land to which a vessel is moored. Also see 「berth," "dock" and "pier."
R
ramp -- A railroad terminal where containers are received or delivered and trains are loaded or discharged.
reefer -- An instry term for a refrigerated or temperature-controlled container.
relay -- The transfer of containers from one ship to another when both vessels are controlled by the same network (carrier) manager.
revenue ton -- A ton measurement on which shipments are freighted. If cargo is rated as weight or measure (W/M), whichever proces the higher revenue will be considered the revenue ton. Weights are based on metric tons and measures are based on cubic meters. Hence, one revenue ton is equal to one metric ton (2204.62 pounds) or one cubic meter (35.31 cubic feet).
roll-on roll-off (Ro/Ro) -- A method of ocean cargo service using a vessel with ramps, which allow wheeled containers, trailers or vehicles to be loaded and unloaded without the use of cranes.
S
service -- A string of vessels that makes a particular voyage and serves a particular market.
ship chandler -- An indivial or company selling equipment and supplies to ships.
shipper -- The person or company who usually is the supplier or owner of commodities shipped. Also called the consignor.
ships --There are nine basic types of ships:
1. barge carriers -- Ships designed to transport barges.
2. bulk carriers -- All vessels designed to carry bulk cargo, such as grain, fertilizers, ore and oil.
3. combination passenger and cargo ships -- Cargo vessels with the capacity for 13 or more passengers.
4. freighters -- Comprises refrigerated and unrefrigerated breakbulk vessels, containerships, partial containerships, roll-on roll-off vessels and barge carriers.
5. full containerships -- Vessels equipped with permanent container cells for container storage, with little or no space for other types of cargo.
6. general cargo carriers -- This category includes breakbulk freighters, car carriers, cattle carriers, pallet carriers and timber carriers.
7. partial containerships -- Multipurpose containerships with one or more, but not all, cargo compartments fitted with permanent container cells. The remaining compartments are used for noncontainerized cargo.
8. roll-on roll-off vessels -- Specialized ships designed to carry wheeled containers, trailers and vehicles using onboard ramps.
9. tankers -- Ships fitted with tanks for storage of liquid cargo, such as crude petroleum and petroleum procts, chemicals, liquefied gas, wine and molasses.
short ton -- One short ton is equal in weight to 2,000 pounds or 0.91 metric tons.
side loader -- A lift truck fitted with lifting attachments operating on one side for handling containers.
slip -- A ship's berth between two piers.
spreader -- Equipment designed to lift containers by their corner casters.
stack car -- An articulated five-platform railcar that allows containers to be doublestacked one atop another.
stack train -- A rail service whereby railcars carry containers doublestacked on specially operated unit trains.
starboard -- The right side of a ship when facing the bow. Also see "port."
stern -- The end of a vessel. Also see "bow."
stevedore -- A person or company that employs longshore workers and establishes agreements to load or unload ships.
stowage -- A marine term that refers to loading freight into vessels' cargo holds.
straddle carrier -- Mobile truck equipment that is capable of lifting containers within its own framework.
supply chain -- A logistical management system that integrates the sequence of activities from delivery of raw materials to the manufacturer to delivery of the finished proct to the customer. "Just in time" is an example of supply chain management.
T
tariff -- A publication that sets forth the charges, rates and rules of ports and transportation companies.
terminal -- An assigned area where containers are prepared for loading into a vessel, train or truck, or are stored immediately after discharge from the vessel, train or truck.
TEUs -- Maritime abbreviation for "20-foot equivalent units," which refers to containers that are 20 feet (6.1 meters) in length. Two TEUs are equal to one FEU. Also see "FEU."
transship -- To transfer goods from one transportation line to another, or from one ship to another.
turnaround -- In water transportation, the time between the arrival and departure of a ship from a port.
U
unit load -- Packages loaded onto a pallet, in a crate or any other way that enables them to be handled at one time as a unit.
unit train -- A train comprising a specified number of railcars that remain together as a unit until reaching a designated destination.
unitization -- The consolidation of a quantity of indivial items into one large shipping unit to facilitate handling. Also: The loading of one or more large items of cargo onto a single piece of equipment, such as a pallet.

V
vanning -- A marine term for stowing cargo in a container
warehouse -- A place for the reception, delivery, consolidation, distribution and storage of cargo.
W
warehousing -- The storage of cargo.
weights and measures --
1. One cubic meter is equal to 35.31 cubic feet.
2. One long ton, or gross ton, is equal to 2,240 pounds or 1,016.05 kilograms.
3. One measurement ton is equal to 40 cubic feet or one cubic meter.
4. One metric ton, or kilo ton, is equal to 2,204.62 pounds or 1,000 kilograms.
5. One short ton, or net ton, is equal to 2,000 pounds or 907.18 kilograms
Y
yard -- This term commonly refers to a railroad yard with many rail tracks for assembling, storing or switching freight trains.

Ⅷ 海運術語英文簡寫

常用的海運術語及英文簡寫有:

1、FCA (Free Carrier) 貨交承運人

2、FAS (Free Alongside Ship) 裝運港船邊交貨

3、FOB (Free on Board) 裝運港船上交貨

4、CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加運費

5、CIF (Cost,Insurance and Freight) 成本、保險費加運費

6、CPT (Carriage Paid To) 運費付至目的地

7、CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) 運費、保險費付至目的地

8、DAF (Delivered At Frontier) 邊境交貨

9、DES (Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港船上交貨

10、DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay) 目的港碼頭交貨

11、DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) 未完稅交貨

12、DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 完稅後交貨

13、THC (Terminal Handling Charges) 碼頭操作費(香港收取)

14、BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor) 燃油附加費

15、CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor) 貨幣貶值附加費

16、YAS (Yard Surcharges)碼頭附加費

17、B/L (Bill of Lading) 海運提單

18、S/O (Shipping Order)裝貨指示書

19、W/T (Weight Ton)重量噸(即貨物收費以重量計費)

20、M/T (Measurement Ton)尺碼噸(即貨物收費以尺碼計費)

21、W/M(Weight or Measurement ton)即以重量噸或者尺碼噸中從高收費

22、CY (Container Yard) 集裝箱(貨櫃)堆場

23、FCL (Full Container Load) 整箱貨

24、LCL (Less than Container Load) 拼箱貨(散貨)

25、CFS (Container Freight Station) 集裝箱貨運站

26、TEU (Twenty-feet Equivalent Units) 20英尺換算單位(用來計算貨櫃量的多少)

27、A/W (All Water)全水路(主要指由美國西岸中轉至東岸或內陸點的貨物的運輸方式)

28、MLB(Mini Land Bridge)小陸橋(主要指由美國西岸中轉至東岸或內陸點的貨物的運輸方式)

29、NVOCC(Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier) 無船承運人

(8)聯運費率英語怎麼說及英語單詞擴展閱讀

海運的優點:

海洋運輸是國際貿易中最主要的運輸方式,國際貿易總運量中的三分之二以上,我國絕大部分進出口貨物,都是通過海洋運輸方式運輸的。海洋運輸的運量大,海運費用低,航道四通八達,是其優勢所在。但速度慢,航行風險大,航行日期不易准確,是其不足之處。

基本術語:

1、轉租合同 租船人和下家之間訂立的合同。

其合同的條款條件與租船人和船東訂立的合同(常稱為Head contract)相同。訂立相同條款的目的是保證租船人將可能要付給下家的任何款項,比如速譴費,都可以從船東那裡收回。

2、空載行駛

在兩港間空載航行,船舶不得不空載的原因:(1)在卸貨港沒有可裝運的貨物;(2)有些情況下,船舶在兩港之間可能有一系列航次運輸,但只有一個方向的貨物適合運裝;(3)、另一些情況是。空載駛往某港口去裝運高運費的貨物,比裝著低運費的貨物駛往該港可能更合算。

3、費率等級

航運公司或班輪公會運價表上的一個種類,每個種類包括一個單費類和適用於該費率的一組商品。這些等級被變成號碼便於識別,前面可能加上W或M,表明運費是按重量還是按尺寸計算的。

4、附加滯期費

由於未在約定的滯期內完成裝卸,根據情況而由航次租船人、托運人或收貨人付給船東的金額。附加滯期費的日費率在租船合同中約定。

5、回扣傭金

船東付給租船人的傭金,以運費或租金的百分比表示,通常為2. 5%。雖然此傭金被租船人作為減少運費或租金的手段,但有可能被船東調整。

6、班輪運輸

航運公司提供的一種服務,貨船定期在預定的公告的裝卸港之營運。運費按照該公司運價表的費率計算。

Ⅸ 急!急!急!外貿專業英語翻譯

運自SHA,目的地ATL
標識: CATO 90# 13626-13643/48.40 CBM FOB大連港
工廠出貨預計在7月15日可以准備完畢;明日,我們將傳真美方清單;同時,明天,我們會發銀行ADV單,並告知最新O/F費率及海運費率。
運自SHA到ATL
信息收妥,且指定方已再次確認:本次貨物需要海空聯運,且由供貨方負責O/F差價。請將銀行單更改為 AIG-海運,因為指定收貨人已同意以此方式運送......為便利指定方,請提交交付款詳細信息。海空聯運的貨物將通過...運送...

備註:
1、O/F這里一種可能是指Ocean Freight , 海運運費;另,O/F也指 on behalf of,是套約裡面的一個固定縮寫。這里不是很確定,故保留未譯,請lz核實。
2、銀行ADV單,BKG ADV,應該是指銀行托收先期告知單,不過,本人不是很確定具體是托收單裡面的哪一張,故,這里說明,無直譯。
3、CNEE,consignee,指定方,根據合同中的具體情況,可以指指定供貨人或指定收貨人,或指定的提貨人,或指定的第三方等等。請lz核實具體情況代入確定。
4、CGO,文中譯為貨物;具體是何原文的縮寫,還請lz核實。
5、FOB是國際貿易裡面的固定用語,指Free On Board。特別提請lz注意,如果涉及美方貨運,美國一些洲對FOB有自己固定的涵義,跟國際商會統一的跟單信用證統一規則裡面的定義可能不同。建議lz核實,故文中無翻譯。

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