再提纯器英语怎么说及英文翻译

1. 英语翻译

原稿个别地方意思有点不连贯，如有问题可进一步联系。
From propylene , ammonia and air montecatini edison’s highly active, low bulk density fluid catalyst gives acrylonitrile at lowest cost
Montecatini Edison 的高活性、低体积密度流体催化剂，以最低的成本从丙烯、氨水和空气获得了丙烯腈。
Giorgio Caporali , Montecatini Edison S.p.A,Milan ,Italy
Giorgio Caporali , Montecatini Edison S.p.A,Milan ,意大利
Since about 1960,the leading route to acrylonitrile has been by catalytic reaction of propylene with ammonia and air。大约从1960年起，获得丙烯腈的主要技术路线一直是利用丙烯与氨水和空气的催化反应。 Montedison’s process was first commercialized in 1968 in their 60,000-ton/year plant. This process has been licensed to Paular CO. in Spain for a 40,000-ton/year plant and montedison is planning another plant for themselves with 100,00 ton/year capacity. Montedison的工艺首先是在1968年商业化的，工厂的生产能力为6万吨/年。这一工艺已经特许给西班牙的Paular公司4万吨/年的工厂中生产，Montedison正在为自己计划另一家1万吨/年生产能力的工厂。
Although modern commercial acrylonitrile process appear similar and proce very pure proct ,each is characterized by its own original features:
虽然现代化的商业丙烯腈工艺似乎是类似的，而且生产出很纯的产品，但每一种都有它们自己的固有特点：
Catalyst system and rector technique
催化剂系统和反应器技术
Nature, condition and sequence of recovery and purification step.
回收和纯化步骤的本质、条件和程序
These step and features in the Montecatini Edison process are shown in FIG .1 and other data may be found in the literature.
Montecatini Edison工艺的这些步骤和特点示于图1， 其他数据可以在文献中找到。
RAW materials . There are only three reactants, the oxygen being supplied as air and no stream is repuired as diluent . Technical grade propylene(92-93 percent,the balance being propane ) and anhydrous fertilizer grade ammonia are satisfactory. Higher olefins are undesirable since they make byprocts which burden the purification steps. The there gaseous reactants are premixed and fed to the bottom of the reactors.
原材料。反应物只有三种，氧由空气提供，不需要气流作为稀释剂。技术级的丙烯（92－93％，平衡剂为丙烷）和无水化肥级氨水就能满足要求。过高的烯烃是不希望有的，以为它们形成会烦扰纯化步骤的副产物。气体的反应物被预混合和馈送到反应器的底部。
Reactors. Large size fluid bed catalytic reactors are used which provide:
反应器。采用大尺寸的流化床催化反应器，它具有：
A bottom distribution plate for supporting the catalyst and distributing the gas;
用于支持催化剂和分配气体的底部分配板；
A top set of multiple effect cyclones, with dip legs ,recover and return the catalyst to near the bottom of the reaction zone;
一组顶部的多功能旋流分离除尘器，带有料腿，用来将催化剂回收和返回到反应区的底部。
Special sets of heat exchangers in the fluid bed for reaction heat removal and steam generation.
在流化床中的若干组特殊的热交换器，用于去除反应热和流的发生。
Reaction conditions . Typical reaction condition values are: 420-460。C ; 2kg/cm2 absolute pressure ;feed composition ranging from 6.7-8 vol. percent propylene ,0.2-0.6percent propane,7.5-9percent ammonia,82.5-86percent air (which gives a minimum excess ammonia with respect to propylene and about 50percent stoichiometric excess air); liner gas velocity between 1 and 2 feet per second(based on empty reactor with total inlet gases volume at average operating conditions);and contact time in the order of a few second,e.g.,2to 6 second when gas volume is based as stated above, at the average operating conditions and referred to the volume of the packed catalyst.
反应条件。典型的反应条件值为：420－460℃；2kg/cm2绝对压力；馈给组分的范围为6.7－8体积百分比的丙烯，0.2－0.6百分比的丙烷，7.5－9百分比的氨水和82.5－86百分比的空气（这提供了相对于丙烯的最小过量氨水，和大约50％化学计量的过量空气）；1到2英尺/s的线性气体速度（基于空的反应器，在平均工作条件下总的入口气体体积）；接触时间在几秒的量级，例如在气体体积以上述为基础，在平均工作条件下，参照包装的催化剂体积时约2到6秒。
Catalyst The catalyst consists of oxygenated compounds of tellurium, cerium and molybdenum supported on a microspheroidal silica carrier. It contains about 20-30wt./wt. percent of active elements and has has a bulk density. The catalyst is presently proced by in facilities near the acrylonitrile plant.
催化剂。催化剂由支持在微球形二氧化硅载体上的碲、铈和钼的氧化混合物构成。它含有大约20－30wt/wt％的活性元素和体积密度。该催化剂目前由靠近丙烯腈工厂的设备中生产。

2. 尤里复仇的工业工厂和碑石精炼器是干吗的

楼上的说法也太夸张了吧……
矿石精炼器（Ore Purifier，翻译成提纯器更好）
矿石和油井收入增加25%。

工业工厂（Instrial Plant）
装甲部队和海军造价下降25%（穆恩提示：如果制造装甲和海军的话相当于收入增加33% ^^）

3. 英语翻译

Reaction procts recovery .
反应产物的回收
Reactor procts are first exchanged to proce steam, then cooled to about 80-90。C, and scrubbed with a 30-35 percent aqueous ammonium sulfate solution with some free sulfuric acid. Here excess ammonia is removed and most of the scrubbed solution recycled. Some sulfuric acid is added and part of the solution withdrawn for ammonium sulfate recovery. The ammonium sulfate solution, for a number of reasons , contains very low organic impurities and after special treatment gives white crystals in conventional equipment.
反应产物先进行（热）交换，产生蒸汽，然后冷却到80－90℃，并用30－35％的含有某些游离硫酸的硫化铵水溶液擦洗。这里将过多的氨去除，而大多数擦洗的溶液则被循环利用。添加一些硫酸，而部分溶液被收回用于硫化铵的回收。由于几个理由，硫化铵溶液含有很少的有机杂质，并在特殊处理后在常规的设备中形成白色的晶体。
Hot gases from the neutralizer next are water washed at ambient temperature to absorb acrylonitrile ,acetonitrile hydrogen cyanide and other by procts . effluent gases ---mainly nitrogen , carbon oxides and unreacted oxygen and propylene-are vented .
来自后面中和器的热气体在室温下水洗，以吸收丙烯腈、乙腈、氰化氢和其他副产物。排放的气体（主要是氮气、二氧化碳和没有反应的氧和丙烯）被放空排出。
This organic solution is steam stripped and crude acrylonitrile recovered as overhead and the lean water recycled from the bottom to the top of the absorption tower .
这一有机溶液是蒸汽气提的，粗丙烯腈作为塔顶馏出物回收，而废水从吸收塔底部到顶部循环。
Small alkali additions are made to this solution to maintain its ph and avoid corrosion problems .
对此溶液添加少量的碱，以保持其pH值，并避免腐蚀问题。
Acylonitrile purification
丙烯腈的提纯
After preliminary evaporation to remove high boiling proce-cyanohydrins and a little succinonitrile-purification of acrylonitrile is carried out by a series of distillation step. Succinonitrile is formed in trace amounts by the addition of HCN to the very small amounts of carbonyl compounds-acrolein ,acetaldehyde , acetone-present in the mixture
在初步蒸发去除高度沸腾的产物氰醇后，通过一系列的蒸馏步骤进行丙烯腈的少量丁二腈提纯。丁二腈是通过将HCN添加进存在于混合物中的很少量的羰基化合物（丙烯醛、乙醛、丙酮）痕量形成的。
Hydrogen cyanide is removed first as overhead at more than 99.5 percent purity and can be recovered and used directly or burned in flare .
氰化氢先作为塔顶馏出物在99.5％的纯度下去除，并可回收和直接采用，或像火炬一样烧掉。
Next , acetonitrile is removed by extractive distillation with water ；minimum of acrylonitrile is lost with the dilute aqueous solution of acetonitrile as bottoms . this solution is stripped in another column not show in fig.1—and the bottoms water recycled to the extractive distillation step . the homogeneous phase containing up to 70 percent acetonitrile at the top may be disposed of or preferable used for recovering very pure , dry acetonitrile
接下来，通过用水的萃取蒸馏去除乙腈；只有最少的丙烯腈随着乙腈的稀释水溶液作为底部残留物损失掉。这一溶液在另一个蒸馏塔（图1中没有示出）中被气提，底部的水循环利用到萃取蒸馏步骤。在顶部含有高达70％乙腈的均相可加以处理，或宁可用于回收很纯的干燥乙腈。
Acrylonitrile is dehydrated and the overhead , an azeotropic mixture of acrylonitrile and water , carries small amounts of low boiling impurities which are essentially the last traces of acrolein.
丙烯腈被脱水，而顶部馏出物（一种丙烯腈和水的共沸混合物）携带了少量的低沸点杂质，它们本质上是丙烯醛的最后痕迹。dehydration column bottoms are fed to the final purification step where pure acrylonitrile goes overhead and the bottom containing some acrylonitrile and the high boiling impurities is recycled to the beginning of the purification process. 脱水塔底部馈送到最后提纯步骤，在那里，纯的丙烯腈到达顶部和含有一些丙烯腈的底部，高沸点的杂质则循环到提纯工艺的起点。

4. 谁能告诉我这段英文是什么意思，谢谢

这是化妆品的成分：

EDTA,乙二胺四乙酸
Aqua,水
Methylchloroisothiazolinone & Methylisothiazolinone,甲基氯异基噻唑烷/甲基异噻唑啉酮 （杀菌防腐剂）
Stearyl Alcohol,硬脂醇
Theobroma Grandiflorum Schum,可可兰草
Glyceryl Monoestearate,单硬脂酸甘油酯
Honey Extract,蜂蜜提取物
Carapa Guianensis, 楝科牧草
Citric Acid,柠檬酸
BHT,抗氧化剂bht
Benzophenone-4,二苯甲酮-4 （抗紫外线）
Cyclopentasiloxane,环状五聚体
Paraffinum Liquim,液状石蜡
Yellow Color,黄色素
Red Color,红色素
Blue Color 蓝色是
e Parfum 香精

5. rna的分离与提纯为什么裂解两次

rna的分离与提纯为什么裂解两次
真核生物的mRNA分子是单顺反子，是编码蛋白质的基因转录产物。真核生物的所有蛋白质归根到底都是mRNA的翻译产物，因此，高质量mRNA的分离纯化是克隆基因、提高cDNA文库构建效率的决定性因素。哺乳动物平均每个细胞含有约1x10-5?g RNA，理论上认为每克细胞可分离出5～10mg RNA。其中 rRNA为75％～ 85％，tRNA占10％～16％，而mRNA仅占1%～5％，并且mRNA分子种类繁多，分子量大小不均一，表达丰度也不一样。
真核生物mRNA有特征性的结构，即具有5’端帽子结构（m7G）和3’端的poly(A)尾巴——绝大多数哺乳动物细胞的3’端存在20~300个腺苷酸组成的poly（A）尾，通常用poly（A+）表示，这种结构为真核mRNA分子的提取、纯化，提供了极为方便的选择性标志，寡聚（dT）纤维素或寡聚（U）琼脂糖亲合层析分离纯化mRNA的理论基础就在于此。
一般mRNA分离纯化的原理就是根据mRNA 3’ 末端含有多poly(A)尾巴结构特性设计的。当总RNA流经寡聚（dT）（即oligo(dT)）纤维素柱时，在高盐缓冲液作用下，mRNA被特异地吸附在oligo(dT)纤维素柱上，在低盐浓度或蒸馏水中，mRNA可被洗下，经过两次oligo(dT)纤维素柱，即可得到较纯的mRNA。
目前常用的mRNA的纯化方法有：
（1）寡聚（dT）－纤维素柱层析法，即分离mRNA的标准方法；
（2）寡聚（dT）－纤维素液相离心法，即用寡聚（dT）－纤维素直接加入到总的 RNA溶液中并使mRNA与寡聚（dT）－纤维素结合，离心收集寡聚（dT）－纤维素／mRNA复合物，再用洗脱液分离mRNA，然后离心除去寡聚（dT）－纤维素；
（3）其它一些方法：如寡聚（dT）－磁性球珠法等。
本实验应用方法（1）进行mRNA的分离纯化。
【试剂与器材】
（一）试剂
1． 0.1mol/L NaOH ，每组200mL
2． 寡聚Oligo（dT）-纤维素
3． 加样/洗涤缓冲液1：0.5 mol/L NaCl, 20 m mol/L Tris-HCl(pH 7.6)，每组250mL
或0.5mol/L NaCl, 20mmol/L Tris-HCl(pH7.6), 1mmol/L EDTA(pH8.0), 0.1% SDS。
4． 洗涤缓冲液2：0.1 mol/L NaCl, 20 m mol/L Tris-HCl(pH 7.6)，每组250mL或10mmol/L Tris-HCl (pH7.6), 1mmol/L EDTA (pH8.0), 0.05% SDS。
配制时可先配制Tris-HCl(pH 7.6)、NaCl、EDTA（pH 8.0）的母液，经高压消毒后按各成分确切含量，经混合后再高压消毒，冷却至65℃时，加入经65℃温育（30min）的10%SDS至终浓度。
5． 5 mol/L NaCl，每组10mL
6． 3 mol/L NaAc pH5.2，每组10mL
7． 无RNase双蒸水(DEPC水)，每组100mL
8． 70%乙醇，每组10mL
注意：溶液5，6的配制都应该加0.1% DEPC处理过夜，溶液1，3，4，8则用经0.1% DEPC处理过的无RNase双蒸水配制，Tris应选用无RNase的级别。溶液配制后，最好能够按一次实验所需的分量分装成多瓶（如10ml或50ml/瓶）保存，每次实验只用一份，避免多次操作造成对溶液的污染。