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英語作文怎麼用非謂語動詞

發布時間: 2022-01-05 09:21:38

⑴ 英語非謂語動詞的用法

英語非謂語動詞包含動詞不定式,現在分詞、動名詞、過去分詞。它們在句中可以充當除謂語之外的成分,如:主語、賓語、賓語補足語、表語、定語和狀語。

⑵ 英語寫作中什麼時候用非謂語動詞開頭,舉例說說

非謂語動詞有四種形式, to do , doing ,do, done.
to do 放開頭,兩種情況:一種是to do 做主語。To study hard is the ty of a students.
一種是做狀語,表目的To study hard, he stays up very late.
doing 放開頭,也是兩種:做主語。Eating healthy food is good for us.
做狀語,表伴隨狀況。Singing and dancing, all the children had a good time.
do 放開頭, 一般是祈使句,不過不能算是非謂語形式了。是謂語動詞的原形。
done放開頭,一般都是狀語。Hurt badly, the dog ran away sadly.

高中英語作文寫作輔導之非謂語動詞怎麼用語法

非謂語動詞是指在句子中不是謂語的動詞,主要有三種形式:
①不定式to do
②動名詞(現在分詞)doing
③過去分詞done
非謂語動詞除了不能獨立作謂語外,可以承擔句子的其他成分。

非謂語動詞的功能:
①作主語。
動詞不定式短語作主語時,常用it作形式主語,真正的主語不定式置於句後。

②作表語。
Her job is to clean the hall.
The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.
The window is broken.

③作賓語。
如果不定式(賓語)後面有賓語補足語,則用it作形式賓語,真正的賓語(不定式)後置,放在賓語補足語後面。

④作賓語補足語。
在復合賓語中,動詞不定式可充當賓語補足語。
如下動詞後可跟現在分詞作賓語補足語:see,watch,hear,feel,find,get,keep,notice,observe,listen to,look at,leave,catch等。

⑤作定語
動詞不定式作定語,放在所修飾的名詞或代詞後。
現在分詞作定語,當分詞單獨做定語時,放在所修飾的名詞前;如果是分詞短語做定語放在名詞後。

⑥作狀語。
不定式作狀語可以表目的,表結果,表原因,表程度。
現在分詞可以作時間狀語、原因狀語、條件狀語、方式狀語(表伴隨)、結果狀語、目的狀語。
過去分詞作狀語表原因、時間、條件、讓步

⑷ 高中英語作文中什麼情況下可以運用上非謂語動詞來表達呢請高手指點

從句中表時間、動作伴隨的情況下,都可以用非謂語動詞的!下面給你相關知識,希望有幫到你!要提高運用復雜句的能力,考生必須要攻克三個易錯點:一是主句與從句之間主謂結構混亂,造成主句缺謂語;二是沒有掌握關聯詞的用法,錯用、多用、漏用關聯詞;三是該使用簡單句的地方人為地復雜化,如可以用分詞或介詞短語來表達的,卻偏要用從句。 此外,簡單句用得太多,會造成文章讀起來乏味。在評卷員看來,同樣意思的內容,能夠運用比較復雜的句式結構來表達,當然會認為其運用語言的能力要比只會用簡單句來表達要強,評分自然就高。1.巧用非謂語動詞。運用非謂語動詞,可以使文句看起來更簡潔,使語言更加豐富多彩,重點更加突出,增加文采。如:I covered my ears, trying to keep the noises out, but failed. (2004年廣東卷)2.巧用with復合結構。「with+名詞/ 代詞+現在分詞/ 過去分詞/ 形容詞/ 副詞/ 介詞」結構,常作伴隨狀語以增加被描繪內容的生動性和情感性,使文章讀起來更簡潔明了。試以下兩個句子:I couldn』t go on studying because there was so much noise troubling me. (普通)I couldn』t go on studying with so much noise troubling me. (高級)2004年廣東卷3.巧用復合句。高考評分標准強調使用語法結構的數量和復雜性,鼓勵考生盡量使用教復雜的結構,並且對由此產生的錯誤採取了寬容的態度。如果恰當運用各類從句,就會使文章出彩。如2006年廣東卷:What』s more, people have easy access to the Internet, which enables them to send and receive e-mails whenever they like. (定語從句)4.巧用倒裝句、感嘆句、強調句、虛擬語氣句等。使用這些句式可使文章化平淡為生動,加強語氣,使評卷老師感受作者的強烈情感。如以下幾個句子:(倒裝句)Only in this way can Internet Bars be well used by people.(感嘆句)I thought, 「How hard mum is working! She must be very tired.」 5.巧用排山倒海句式。如能運用一個個排比句、對偶句、不定式或短語,可令文章增色不少,給評卷員眼前一亮的感覺。如:The purpose of the program are to make our school more beautiful, to make the air cleaner and fresher, and to turn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.

⑸ 如何在英語作文中用非謂語動詞如題,希望能舉幾個例子

非謂語動詞是指在句子中不是謂語的動詞,主要包括不定式、動名詞和分詞(現在分詞和過去分詞),即動詞的非謂語形式.非謂語動詞除了不能獨立作謂語外,可以承擔句子的任何成分.
1.非謂語動詞與謂語動詞的相同點有:
(1)如果是及物動詞都可與賓語連用,例如:
They built a garden.
They suggested building a garden.
(2)都可以被狀語修飾:
The suit fits him very well.
The suit used to fit him very well.
(3)都有主動與被動,「體」式(一般式;進行式;完成式)的變化.例如:
He was punished by his parents.(謂語動詞被動語態)
He avoided being punished by his parents.(動名詞的被動式)
We have written the composition.(謂語動詞的完成時)
Having written the composition,we handed it in.(現在分詞的完成式)
(4)都可以有邏輯主語
They started the work at once.(謂語動詞的邏輯主語)
The boss ordered them to start the work.(動詞不定式的邏輯主語)
We are League members.(謂語動詞的主語)
We being League member,the work was well done.
(現在分詞的邏輯主語)
2、非謂語動詞與謂語動詞的不同點有:
(1)非謂語動詞可以有名詞作用(如動詞不定式和動名詞),在句中做主語、賓語、表語.
(2)非謂語動詞可以有形容詞作用(如動詞不定式和分詞),在句中做定語、表語或賓語補足語.
(3)非謂語動詞可以有副詞作用(如動詞不定式和分詞),在句中作狀語.
(4)謂語動詞在句中作謂語,受主語的人稱和數的限制;非謂語動詞在句中不能單獨作謂語,它不受主語的人稱和數的限制.
(5)英語中不能單獨做句子的謂語.
詳細到參考資料的網址看,其實很多語法都可在網路里找到.

⑹ 在英語中非謂語動詞的用法

非謂語動詞主要包括不定式、動名詞和現在分詞。為了區分這三種不同的非謂語動詞的用法和含義,我們將分別從三種非謂語動詞在句子中做主語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語、狀語、表語以及一些特殊結構句型等角度來區分其用法和細微含義。

1.不定式和動名詞作主語的區別

(1)動名詞作主語通常表示抽象動作;而不定式作主語表示具體動作。
Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.這里禁止抽煙。(抽象)
It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽這么多煙對你身體很不好。(具體)

(2)動名詞作主語時,通常用以表示一件已知的事或經驗。
不定式短語通常用來表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(經驗)
Driving a car ring the rush hour is tiring.在高峰時刻開車令人厭煩。(經驗)

(3)不定式做主語,一般用it當形式主語,把作主語的不定式短語後置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.

2.不定式、動名詞和分詞作表語的區別

(1)不定式作表語
1)不定式作表語一般表示具體動作,特別是表示將來的動作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做兩件事等於未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建議是立刻開始干。

(2)如果主語是不定式(表示條件),表語也是不定式(表示結果)。
To see is to believe.百聞不如一見。
To work means to earn a living.工作就是為了生活。

(3)如果主語是以aim, ty, hope, idea, happiness, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing, wish等為中心的名詞,或以what引導的名詞性從句,不定式作表語是對主語起補充說明 作用。
His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future.他的希望是在不遠的將來買一輛豪華轎車。
The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.
The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant.

(2)動名詞作表語:動名詞作表語,表示抽象的一般性的行為。
Our work is serving the people.我們的工作是為人民服務。
His hobby is collecting stamps.他的愛好是集郵。

註:動名詞作表語時與進行時態中的現在分詞形式相同,但其所屬結構迥異,進行時態說明動作是由主語完成的。動名詞做表語,說明主語的性質或情況。

People cannot but feel puzzled, for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.
His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected.

(3)分詞作表語
分詞做表語有兩種情況,一種是現在分詞做表語,一種是過去分詞做表語,這兩者區別是考試中經常考到的地方。一般來說,表示心理狀態的動詞如excite, interest等都是及物動詞,漢語意思不是「激動」,「高興」,而是「使激動」、「使高興」,因而現在分詞應該是「令人激動的」、「令人高興的」,過去分詞則是「感到激動的」和「感到高興的」。所以,凡表示「令人……的」都是-ing形式,凡是表示「感到……」都用-ed形式。換句話說,若人對……感興趣,就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有興趣時,就是說sb./sth. is interesting.

這類詞常見的有:

interesting使人感到高興--interested感到高興的
exciting令人激動的--excited感到激動的
delighting令人高興的--delighted感到高興的
disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的
encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的
pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的
puzzling令人費解的--puzzled感到費解的
satisfying令人滿意的---satisfied感到滿意的
surprising令人驚異的--surprised感到驚異的
worrying令人擔心的--worried感到擔心的
Travelling is interesting but tiring.旅行是有趣的,但是使人疲勞。
The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.如果要學生學得太多,他們會感到糊塗的。
The argument is very convincing.他的論點很令人信服。
They were very excited at the news.聽到這個消息,他們非常激動。

3.不定式和動名詞作賓語的區別
英語中大多數動詞既可跟不定式,也可跟動名詞作直接賓語,但有些動詞要求:

(1)不定式做賓語和賓語補足語
1)下面的動詞要求不定式做賓語
attempt企圖 enable能夠 neglect忽視
afford負擔得起 demand要求 long渴望
arrange安排 destine註定 mean意欲,打算
begin開始 expect期望 omit忽略,漏
appear似乎,顯得 determine決定 manage設法
cease停止 hate憎恨,厭惡 pretend假裝
ask問 dread害怕 need需要
agree同意 desire願望 love愛
swear宣誓 volunteer志願 wish希望
bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供
beg請求 fail不能 plan計劃
bother擾亂;煩惱 forget忘記 prefer喜歡,寧願
care關心,喜歡 happen碰巧 prepare准備
decide決定 learn學習 regret抱歉,遺憾
choose選擇 hesitate猶豫 profess表明
claim要求 hope希望 promise承諾,允許
start開始 undertake承接 want想要
consent同意,贊同 intend想要 refuse拒絕
decide決定 learn學習 vow起
contrive設法,圖謀 incline有…傾向 propose提議
seek找,尋覓 try試圖

2)下面的動詞要求不定式做賓補:動詞+賓語+動詞不定式
ask要求,邀請 get請,得到 prompt促使
allow允許 forbid禁止 prefer喜歡,寧願
announce宣布 force強迫 press迫使
bride 收買 inspire鼓舞 request請求
assist協助 hate憎惡 pronounce斷定,表示
advise勸告 exhort告誡,勉勵 pray請求
authorize授權,委託 help幫助 recommend勸告,推薦
bear容忍 implore懇求 remind提醒
beg請求 ince引誘 report報告
compel強迫 invite吸引,邀請, summon傳喚
command命令 intend想要,企圖 show 顯示
drive驅趕 mean意欲,打算 train訓練
cause引起 instruct指示 require要求
deserve應受 leave使,讓 tell告訴
direct指導 like喜歡 tempt勸誘
entitle有資格 order命令 warn告誡
enable使能夠 need需要 urge激勵,力說
encourage鼓勵 oblige不得不 want想要
condemn指責,譴責 lead引起,使得 teach教
entreat懇求 permit允許 wish希望

(2)有少數動詞只能用動名詞作賓語

acknowledge承認,自認 cease 停止 mention說到,講到
admit 承認 tolerate忍受 dislike不喜歡,討厭
advocate:提倡,主張 complete完成 dread可怕
appreciate 感激,欣賞 confess坦白 enre忍受
avoid避免 contemplate細想 enjoy享有,喜愛
bear忍受 defer拖延 envy嫉妒
can't help不禁 delay延遲 escape逃跑,逃避
can't stand受不了 deny否認 excuse借口
consider 考慮 detest嫌惡 fancy幻想,愛好
favor 造成,偏愛 mind 介意 repent悔悟
figure描繪,計算 miss錯過 resent怨恨
finish完成,結束不得 pardon原諒,饒恕 resist抵抗,阻止
forgive原諒 permit 允許 resume恢復
imagine設想 postpone延遲,延期 risk冒險
involve捲入,包含 practise 實行,實踐 suggest建議
hate討厭 prevent阻止 save營救,儲蓄
keep保持 quit放棄停止 stand堅持,忍受
loathe非常討厭,厭惡 recall回想
例如:I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我很感激兩年前給我出國學習的機會。

(3)有些動詞後使用動名詞和動詞不定式作賓語的差別

1)forget to do 忘記要去做某事(此事未做)
forget doing忘記做過某事(此事已做過或已發生)
2)stop to do 停止、中斷(某件事),目的是去做另一件事
stop doing 停止正在或經常做的事
3)remember to do 記住去做某事(未做)
remember doing記得做過某事(已做)
4) regret to do對要做的事遺憾
regret doing對做過的事遺憾、後悔
5)try to do努力、企圖做某事
try doing試驗、試一試某種辦法
6) mean to do打算,有意要…
mean doing意味著
7)go on to do 繼而(去做另外一件事情)
go on doing 繼續(原先沒有做完的事情)
8)propose to do 打算(要做某事)
proposing doing建議(做某事)
9) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具體行為;+doing sth 表示抽象、傾向概念
(注)如果這些動詞前有should一詞,其後賓語只跟不定式,不能跟動名詞。例如:
I should like to see him tomorrow.
10) need, want, deserve +動名詞表被動意義;+不定式被動態表示「要(修、清理等)」意思。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?
You must remember to leave tomorrow.你可要記著是明天動身。
I don't regret telling her what I thought.我不後悔給她講過我的想法。(已講過)
I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.我很遺憾必須這樣去做,我實在沒辦法。(未做但要做)
You must try to be more careful.你可要多加小心。
Let's try doing the work some other way.讓我們試一試用另外一種辦法來做這工作。
I didn't mean to hurt your feeling.我沒想要傷害你的感情。
This illness will mean (your) going to hospital.得了這種病(你)就要進醫院。

4.不定式、現在分詞和過去分詞作定語的區別

(1)不定式作定語

1)不定式與其所修飾的名詞可能是主謂關系
He was the last one to leave school yesterday.昨天他是最後一個離開教室的。
The train to arrive was from London.將要到站的火車是從倫敦開來的。

2)不定式與其所修飾的名詞可能是動賓關系
Get him something to eat.給他拿點兒東西吃。
She has a lot of work to do in the morning.早上他有很多工作要做。

3)不及物動詞構成的不定式做定語,要加上適當的介詞和被修飾的名詞形成邏輯上的動賓關系,這里的介詞不能省去。
I need a pen to write with.我需要一支筆寫字。
There is nothing to worry about.沒有什麼值得發愁的。

4)不定式修飾一些表示方向、原因、時間、機會、權利等抽象名詞如:
ability能力,本領 drive趕,駕駛 movement運動,活動
ambition抱負,野心 effort努力,嘗試 need需要,需求
campaign戰役,運動 failure失敗,不及格 opportunity機會
chance機會 force力,壓力,要點 promise許諾,希望
courage勇氣 intention意向,意圖 reason理由,原因
decision決定 method方法,方式 light光,光線,亮光
determination決心,決定 motive動機,目的 struggle奮斗,努力,
tendency傾向,趨勢 wish希望,願望,祝願

5)被修飾的名詞前有序數詞、形容詞最高級或next, second, last, only和not a,the等限定詞時候,只能用不定式。

6)不定代詞something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等習慣上用不定式做定語。
John will do anything but work on a farm.除了農活,約翰什麼都願意干。

7)如果其動詞要求用不定式做賓語,或者其形容詞要器接不定式做補語,則相應的名詞一般用不定式做定語。如: tend to do---tendency to do;decide to do = decision to do;be curious to do = curiosity to do
His wish to buy a car came true.他要買輛車的願望實現了。
Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us.
他們放棄這個實驗的決定使我們大吃一驚。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
他總是第一個到來,最後一個離去。

(2)分詞作定語

分詞作定語時有下面幾個特點:
1)現在分詞表示主動意義,過去分詞一般表示被動含意。

2)現在分詞表示正在進行,過去分詞表示狀態或做完(完成)的事。

He rushed into the burning house.他沖進了正在燃燒著的房子。
The child standing over there is my brother.站在那兒的男孩子是我弟弟。
The room facing south is our classroom.朝南的房間是我們的教室。
Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那個修好的表了嗎?
He is an advanced teacher.他是個先進教師。

3)下列不及物動詞也以過去分詞形式做定語或表語,但不具有被動意義,這點要注意:
departed, elapsed, faded, fallen, gone, frown-up, retired, returned, risen, set, vanished, much-traveled, newly-arrived, recently-come

(3)不定式和分詞作定語時的時間關系

一般來說,不定式所表示的動作發生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之後;現在分詞所表示的動作與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生;過去分詞表示的動作發生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前。例如:
Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing?
你要見那位將從北京請來的醫生嗎?
Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office?
你要見那位正在辦公室里寫病歷的醫生嗎?

5.不定式和分詞作狀語的區別

(1)現在分詞與過去分詞作狀語的區別。

現在分詞做狀語與過去分詞做狀語的最主要區別在於兩者與所修飾的主語的主動與被動關系的區別。

1)現在分詞作狀語時,現在分詞的動作就是句子主語的動作,它們之間的關系是主動關系。
He went out shutting the door behind him.
他出去後將門隨手關上。
Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.
由於不知如何辦是好,他去找父母幫忙。

2)過去分詞作狀語時,過去分詞表示的動作是句子主語承受的動作,它們之間的關系是被動關系。
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
如果對這些樹多關心一些,它們本來會長得更好。
Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困難的時候,我們必須設法克服。

(2)動詞不定式和分詞作狀語的區別

1)分詞作狀語一般表示伴隨,而不定式常常表示目的。
They stood by the roadside talking about the plan.他們站在路邊談論著這個計劃。(伴隨)
They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.他們站在路邊為的是談論這個計劃。(目的)

2)分詞作狀語放在句子開頭,除表示原因之外有時表示時間或條件。動詞不定式作狀語時,除了表示目的以外,還表示結果或原因。
Reading attentively,he forgot the time for lunch.由於在專心讀書,他忘了吃午飯的時間。(原因)
Reading carefully,he found something he had not known before.他仔細讀書時,發現了一些從前不知道的東西。(時間)
Reading carefully,you'll learn something new.只要你仔細閱讀,你會學到一些新的東西。(條件)
His family was too poor to support him.他的家庭太窮,不能維持他的生活。(結果)
The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf.這男孩個子不夠高,手伸不到書架。(結果)
We are glad to hear the news.我們很高興聽到這消息。(原因)

(3)下面一些句型是不定式做狀語時候應該注意的:
a:not/never too…to, too…not to , but/only too… to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to 表示肯定意義
b:做結果狀語的不定式只能出現在句子的末尾,常見的不定式動詞有:find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, proce 等。
c:不定式做狀語時,其邏輯主語一般為句子的主語,否則用for引導主語。

6.非謂語動詞常考的其它結構

(1)疑問詞+不定式結構

疑問詞who,what,which,when,where和how後加不定式可構成一種特殊的不定式短語。它在句中可以用作主語、賓語、表語和雙重賓語。如:
When to start has not been decided.何時動身尚未決定。(主語)
I don't know what to do.我不知道該怎麼辦。(賓語)
The difficulty was how to cross the river.困難在於如何過河。(表語)
I can tell you where to get this book.我可以告訴你哪裡可以買到此書。(雙重賓語)
注)A.有時疑問詞前可用介詞,如:
I have no idea of how to do it.我不知道如何做此事。
B.動詞know 後面不能直接跟不定式作賓語,只能跟疑問詞(如:how, what)+不定式:
While still a young boy, Tom knew to play the piano well and as he grew older, he wrote operas, the most famous of which is Carmen.

(2)介詞except和but作「只有…,只能…」講時跟不定式結構(but與不帶to的不定式連用)。
When the streets are full of melting snow, you cannot help but getting your shoes wet.

(3)不帶to的不定式
1)在表示生理感覺的動詞後的不定式不帶to。這類詞有:
feel 覺得 observe 注意到,看到 overhear聽到
watch注視 listen to聽 perceive察覺,感知
notice注意 see看見 look at看 hear聽
On seeing the young child fell into the lake,Eric sprang to his feet,and went on the rescue.

2)另一類是某些使役動詞,如make, let,have等。如:
Let him do it.讓他做吧。
I would have you know that I am ill.我想要你知道我病了。
(注):
①上述感覺動詞與使役動詞轉換為被動結構時.其後的不定式一般需帶to,如:
He was seen to come.
The boy was made to go to bed early.
②在動詞find與help之後,不定式可帶to亦可不帶to,如:
He was surprised to find the sheep (to) break fence at this season.他發現羊在此季節越出柵欄,感到驚訝。

3)在do nothing/anything/everything but(except)結構中。例如:
Last night I did nothing but watch TV.昨天晚上,我除了看電視別的什麼也沒有干。
但是,如果謂語動詞不是「do nothing,anything,everything」,那麼but(except)所跟的不定式則仍須帶。
The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking.醫生除了讓他戒煙,其它什麼都沒有說。
There was nothing for them to do but to remain silent.除了保持沉默以外,他們沒有別有別的辦法。

(4)不定式與動名詞的邏輯主語和分詞獨立結構
1)不定式的邏輯主語為:for +名詞(或代詞賓格)+ 不定式。例如:
I found it impossible for him to do the job alone.我發現他—個人干這活是不可能的。
(注)在表示人物性格、特性等的形容詞後面,常用of引出不定式的邏輯主語。例如:
It was wise of him to do that.他那樣做是明智的。
2)動名詞的邏輯主語為;①人稱代詞的所有格+動名詞;②名詞's+動名詞。例如:
Tom insisted on my going with them.他堅持要我和他們一起去。
He dislikes his wife's working late.他不喜歡他妻子工作得很晚。
3)某些形容詞,如:careless等不定式後可以加of來引導出其邏輯主語。這類詞主要有:absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel ,selfish, wicked, wrong等
It is very kind of you to help me.你幫助我太好了。
間或也可用for + there to be表示(而且there後面的不定式只能是to be)。
It's a great pity for there to be much trouble in the company.太遺憾了公司里有這么多的麻煩。

7.非謂語動詞中的有關句型
(1)動名詞作主語的句型

1)Doing...+ v. Reading is an art.閱讀是門藝術。Seeing is believing.眼見為實。
2) It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore...)等名詞+doing sth.
It is no use crying.哭沒有用。It is no good objecting.反對也沒有用。
It is a great fun playing football.打籃球很有趣。
It is a waste of time trying to explain.設法解釋是浪費時間。
3)It is + useless (nice, good,interesting, expensive等形容詞)+ doing sth.
It is useless speaking.光說沒用。
It is nice seeing you again.真高興又遇到了你。
It is good Playing chess after supper.晚飯後弈棋挺好。
It is expensive running this car.開這種小車是浪費。

⑺ 關於英語中非謂語動詞的用法

不能,singing和dancing是動名詞形式,表示伴隨狀態
to sing/dance是不定式,表示目的或將要去做某事
to表示將要發生的,目的
如Tom getup early this morning to catch the bus

⑻ 英語非謂語動詞用法

這里填:
being put up 現在分詞被動語態

非謂語動詞包括現在分詞(ing)、過去分詞(ed)、不定式(to do)

⑼ 如何在英語作文中用非謂語動詞如題,希望能舉幾個例

說白了,就是句子里的第二個動詞.但是,在英語語法習慣里,一句句子中只允許有一個謂語動詞,並列結構不算.而有的時候要表達2個動作,需要用到2個動詞,又不能破壞這條規則,所以就只好引進一個非謂語動詞的概念.非謂語動詞...

⑽ 英語非謂語動詞怎麼用

非謂語動詞
在英語中,動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞(包括現在分詞和過去分詞)可以出現在句子中除謂語以外的任何一個位置上,充當句子的主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補語等成分,這些動詞形式稱為非謂語動詞。
非謂語動詞主要的句法功能一覽表:
非謂語動詞 功能
主語 賓語 表語 定語 狀語 補語
不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √
動名詞 √ √ √ √
分詞 √ √ √ √
Ⅰ). 作主語----doing/ to do:
⒈ 沒有多大區別。動詞原形不能在句中作主語
To see is to believe 百聞不如一見。=Seeing is believing.
⒉ doing抽象籠統的一般行為
to do具體的特別是將來的動作
Smoking is bad for health. 吸煙對人身體有害。 (籠統地談吸煙問題)
To finish the job in two days is impossible. 要在兩天之內完成這項工作是不可能的。(具體地談這項工作)
⒊ it用形式主語於句首常用不定式置於句尾
* It is /was + adj./ n. /-ed +to do
* It is no use/good/a waste of time + doing sth.
It is impossible to finish the job in two days.
It is no good/ use having a car if you can』t drive.如果你不會開車,有車也沒用。
It is a waste of time watching TV. 看電視是浪費時間。
⒋ There is no…句型中,常用doing作主語。
There is no saying what will happen. 無法估計將會發生什麼事。
There is no use making an excuse for this.為這事編造借口沒用。
Ⅱ). 作賓語-------doing/ to do:
⒈ 有些及物動詞後面只能接doing作賓語,不能接不定式,常見的有:
void 避免/ miss錯過/ postpone 推遲/ suggest 建議/ finish 完成/ practise練習/ enjoy 喜歡/ imagine 想像/ can』t help禁不住/ admit 承認/ deny 否認/ envy 嫉妒/escape 逃脫/ risk 冒險/ forgive 原諒/ stand 忍受/ keep保持/ mind 介意/ appreciate 感激,贊賞/ consider 認為/ delay 耽誤/ detest 討厭/ miss 想念/ resist 抵抗/ understand 理解/ feel like想要
I』m sorry I missed seeing you while in Shanghai.很遺憾,我在上海時沒看到你。
He suggested discussing the problem at the class meeting. 他建議在班會上討論這個問題。
Would you mind closing the window? 你介意把窗戶關上嗎?
Will you admit having broken the window?你承不承認打破了窗戶了?
He avoided giving us a definite answer.他避免給我們一個肯定的回答。
I was afraid to let the boy risk climbing the tree.我不敢讓這個男孩冒險爬那棵樹。
I couldn』t help crying when I heard the news.聽到這個消息我不禁哭起來。
⒉有些動詞後面只能跟to do作賓語,不能接動名詞,如:wish, hope, expect, offer, manage, decide, refuse, agree, pretend, promise, seem, fail
I don』t wish to be disturbed in my work.我不願在工作中被打攪。
We managed to get there in time.我們設法及時到了那裡。
He pretended to be reading a book.他假裝在讀書。
They promised to get up early.他們答應早起床。
He refused to do that job.他拒絕做那工作。
⒊ 有些動詞後面既可以接動名詞,也可以接不定式作賓語,其意義基本一樣,如: begin, start, continue, like, love, dislike, hate, prefer, can』t stand, 但like, love 和would 或should 連用時,接不定式作賓語。
例 句 解 析
1. It began to rain. It began raining.
2. It was beginning to snow.
3. I love lying (to lie)on my back.
4. I like listening to music, but today I don』t like to.
5. I don』 t prefer to swim in the river now.
1. 意思無差別,但謂語動詞用進行時,後面只跟不定式。
2. 表示一種傾向多接動名詞作賓語,如果表示某一特定的或具體的行動,多接不定式。
⒋有些動詞後面既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語,但意義不同。如:
⑴mean to do sth. 打算干某事mean doing 意味著…
I didn』t mean to hurt you.我沒打算傷害你。
Missing the bus means waiting for an hour.誤了車就意味著等一個小時。
⑵stop to do sth.停下來去做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事
I was lost and had to stop to ask the way.我迷路了只好停下來問路。
They stopped talking.他們停止了談話。
⑶go on to do sth. (做完一件事之後)接著做(另一件事)go on doing sth.繼續做某事
After learning history, we went on to learn geography.學完歷史之後,我們接著學地理。
You shouldn』t go on living this way.你不應當繼續過這樣的生活了。
⑷try to do sth. 試圖做某事try doing sth.試試做某事(往往表示某種方法或方式)
Let』s try knocking at the back door.咱們敲敲後邊的門試試。
We tried to solve the problem.我們努力想解決這個問題。
⑸forget, regret, remember後接to do表示尚未發生的動作,接doing表示已經發生動作。
I forgot to write him a letter.我忘了給他寫信。( 以前沒寫信)
I forgot writing him a letter.我忘了以前曾寫信給他。 (曾寫過信)
I remember seeing you before. 我記得以前見過你。( 曾見過)
Please remember to write to me.請記住要給我寫信。 (目前還沒寫)
I regretted speaking to them about it.我後悔跟他們講過那件事。 (以前講過)
I regret to tell you that you didn』t pass the exam.我遺憾地告訴你,你考試沒及格。 (以前沒告訴過你)
⑹be used to do sth. 被用來做…be used to doing sth. 習慣於做…
We are used to going to bed early.我們習慣於早睡。
Wood can be used to make paper.木材可以用來造紙。
⑺can』t help(to)do sth. 不能幫助做某事can』t help doing sth. 不禁…
We can』t help to solve the problem.我們不能幫助解決這個問題。
On hearing the news, we couldn』t help laughing. 一聽到這個消息,我們忍不住大笑起來。
⑻allow, permit, advise, forbid, consider + doing /+ sb to do
We don』t allow smoking here.我們這里不允許吸煙。
We don』t allow them to smoke.我們不允許他們吸煙。
He advised having a rest.他建議休息。
He advised me to have a rest.他建議我休息。
I considered going to Canada.我考慮去加拿大。
I consider him to be honest.我認為他誠實。
⑼need, require, want + to be done/ doing 「需要(被作某種處置)」
The bridge needs/ requires/ wants repairing.
=The bridge needs/ requires/ wants to be repaired. 這個橋梁需要修一修了。
⒌介詞(除but以外)後面的動詞賓語一律用doing形式。
They are interested in singing.
他們愛好唱歌。( 動名詞singing作介詞in的賓語)
* but 與no, not any, all 等詞連用時為介詞,但其後面的動詞用to do,
如果but前面有實義動詞do 的任何形式,則but 後面用動詞原形do
He did nothing but cry.
他什麼也沒做,只是哭。(but 前面有實義動詞did, 所以but後面要接動詞原形)
I had no choice but to cry.
我別無辦法,只好哭。(but前面沒有實義動詞do,所以but後面要跟不定式形式)
⒍ 「wh- + to do,這一結構可轉換成該疑問詞引導的從句。
It hasn』t been decided where to go. 還沒決定到哪裡去。(主語)
I found out where to buy fruit cheaper.我找到了廉價買水果的地方。(賓語)
The question is what to write about.問題是應寫什麼。(表語)
Ⅲ. 作表語---doing/ to do/ done:
⒈ doing比較抽象籠統的一般行為
to do具體某次動作,特別是將來動作
有時兩者都可以用,在意思上沒多大區別。
My job is typing letters and papers.
我的工作就是打信件和文件。(打信件和文件是我日常的工作)
The next step is to discuss the suggestion raised by him.
下一步將是討論他提出的問題。
⒉ 主表一致
當主語是doing形式時,表語一般也用doing,如主語是to do,表語一般也用to do
Saving is having. =To save is to have. 節約即是收入。
(不能說Saving is to have.或To save is having.)
Teaching is learning.=To teach is to learn. 教書是學習。
(不能說Teaching is to learn.或To teach is learning.)
⒊ doing作表語多表示主語所具有的特徵,有時可譯為「令人…的」;
done作表語多表示主語所處的狀態,有時可譯為「感到…的」。
interesting 令人有興趣的,有趣的 interested 感興趣的
tiring 令人疲勞的 tired 感到疲倦的
moving 令人感動的 moved 受到感動的
exciting 令人激動的 excited 感到激動的
puzzling 令人迷惑的 puzzled 感到迷惑的
disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 感到失望的
She felt a bit disappointed. 她感到有點失望。
The result is disappointing. 結果令人失望。
The news is exciting. 消息令人興奮。
I was excited at the news. 聽到這個消息我很興奮。
**⒋ 過去分詞作表語與被動語態的區別:(be + p.p)
被動語態表示一個動作,過去分詞作表語表示主語的特點或所處的狀態。如:
The window is broken.
窗戶打破了。(分詞作表語,表示現在窗戶處於破碎的狀態)
The window was broken by the boy.
窗戶是被那個小男孩打破的。(被動語態,表窗戶是被誰打破的,表動作)
The book is well written.
這本書寫得不錯。(分詞作表語,表狀態)
The book was written by her.
這本書是她寫的。(被動語態,表動作)
The tree is fallen.
樹倒了。(分詞作表語,表狀態)
Ⅳ. 作定語----to do/ doing/ done:
⒈ to do 做後置定語,與中心詞構成邏輯上的動賓關系,表示將要發生的動作或狀態
I have something important to tell you. (something important 是tell you的邏輯賓語)
我有重要的事情要告訴你。
I want to get something to read ring the winter vacation. (something 是read的邏輯賓語)
我想找點書在寒假讀。
** 若to do是不及物動詞介詞不可省略
We are looking for a paper to write on.
我們正在找寫字用的紙。
I』m not sure which restaurant to eat at.
我對在哪家餐館吃飯沒有把握。
It would be a comfortable room to live in.
這房間住起來會很舒適。
** 常用to do作定語的情況
1)名詞前有序數詞、最高級所修飾This is the first building to be designed by him.
這是由他設計的第一棟樓房。
They are the first to come, and the last to leave.
他們是最先來而最後離開。
He is the oldest athlete ever to win an Olympic gold medal.
他贏得奧運金牌的年齡最大的運動員。
2) 只能接to do 做賓語的動詞轉化的名詞
⒉ 動名詞作定語表示該名詞的用途,
現在分詞作定語表示該名詞正在進行的動作或存在的狀態。
a reading room (=a room for reading ) 閱覽室(動名詞)
a swimming pool (=a pool for swimming)游泳池(動名詞)
a swimming girl (=a girl who is swimming)在游泳的女孩(現在分詞)
a sleeping car (=a car for sleeping)一節卧車 (動名詞)
a sleeping girl (=a girl who is sleeping)在睡覺的女孩(現在分詞)
⒊ doing作定語,多表示動作正在進行/與謂語動詞同時進行/經常性的動作或狀態;
done作定語,則多表示分詞動作「先於謂語動詞表示的動作」,表「被動」
⑴Did you see the boy dancing with the girl?
= the boy who was dancing with the girl (表正在進行)
⑵There were 50 children returning from school.
= 50 children who were returning from school(表正在進行)
⑶The factory making the cars is a small one.
= The factory which makes the cars (表示經常性)
⑷I live in a house facing the north.
=a house that faces the north (表狀態)
⑸It is the problem left over by history.
= which have been left over by history. (先於謂語動詞的動作、表被動)
⑹He is a leader respected by the people.
= who is respected by the people. (表被動)
⒋ being +done作定語時,表示一個正在進行的、被動的動作
The freeway being built will lead to Xingang Seaport.= which is being built (表正在被修建的)
⒌having + done不能作定語,此時可以用一個定於從句代替
完成作業的那些人現在可以回家了。
誤:Those having finished their homework can go home now.
正:Those who have finished their homework can go home now.
Ⅴ. 作狀語---- to do/ doing/ done:
⒈ doing作狀語往往和邏輯主語之間存在主動關系,表示時間、原因、方式、結果、條件、伴隨情況
Walking down the street, I met an old friend of mine.(時間狀語,walk 和meet 同時發生)
Hearing the cry for help, they all rushed out.(原因狀語,hear 和rush out 幾乎同時發生)
We sat by the window, talking about what had happened.(伴隨狀語,talk 和sit同時發生)
Having brushed my teeth, I came downstairs for breakfast.(時間狀語,brush teeth 在come downstairs 之前發生)`
Thinking it over, you will not take the job.= If you think it over (條件狀語)
Having been there many times, he offered to be our guide.(原因狀語,be there在offer之前發生)
⒉ done作狀語表示被動或完成的動作,表示原因、時間、條件、伴隨等。
⑴Encouraged by the teacher, we worked still harder than ever.
( = As we were encouraged by the teacher)
受到老師的鼓勵,我們比以前更努力地學習。(原因狀語)
⑵Considered from this point of view, the question will be of great importance.
( = If it is considered from the point of view)
若從這個角度考慮,那個問題很重要。(條件狀語)
⑶Seen from the hill, the town looks nice.
(= When the town is seen from the hill) (時間狀語)
⑷He turned away disappointed.
( = and he was disappointed) (伴隨狀語)
⒊ to do/ in order to do /so as to do(不於句首)用不定式作目的狀語
I studied hard to pass the exam.為了通過這次考試我努力讀書。
為了強調目的,有時可把不定式放在句首,或在不定式前加。如:
In order to /To be there on time, we got up early.為了按時到那兒,我們起的很早。
He sold them so as to /in order to/ to have money to buy some food.他把它們賣掉是為了有錢買食物。
⒋ (only/ never) to do 表示出人意料的結果。
I came in only to find nobody here.
我走進來,卻發現這兒一個人都沒有。(表意外結果,加only用來強調意外)
He hurried to the station to find the train had gone.
他匆忙趕往車站,結果發現火車開走了。(表意外結果)
The song is sung all over the country, making it the most popular song.
= and made it the most popular song
全國到處在傳唱這首歌曲,使它成了一首最受人歡迎的歌曲。(沒有意外結果的意思)
⒌ 獨立主格
1) 「名詞(主格代詞)+doing」相當於一個狀語從句,表示條件、原因、結果、伴隨等。
⑴The bus being very crowded, he had to stand.
=As the bus was very crowded…
公共汽車很擠,他只好站著。(表原因)(分詞的邏輯主語是the bus,句子的主語是he)
⑵All the guests having left, we began cleaning up the room.
= After all the guests had left…
所有的客人走了之後,我們開始打掃房間。(表時間)(分詞的邏輯主語是all the guests,句子的主語是we)
⑶ 「Mama!」 she cried suddenly, tears rolling down her cheeks.
= …,and tears rolled down her cheeks.
「媽媽」,她突然哭了,眼淚順著臉頰流下來。(表伴隨)(分詞的邏輯主語是tears,句子的主語是she)
2) 分詞的獨立結構作狀語
assuming
admitting
according to /owing to/judging by/from
considering/seeing/given/allowing for
concerning/regarding
generally speaking
saving/expecting
supposing/providing/provided
talking to/about
Ⅵ. 作補足語----to do/ doing/ done:
⒈ to do作補足語表主動的動作,
doing作補足語表正在進行的動作,
done/to be done作補足語表被動的動作。
Would you like us to go with you?你願意我們和你一起去嗎? (我們去)
She could fell her heart beating violently.她可以感到自己的心跳得很厲害。(心正在跳動)
Please get your baby examined.請讓你的孩子檢查一下。(孩子被檢查)

感官動詞 do→做了某事 (被動還原 to have/ let 除外)
S.+ + 賓語 + doing→正在做某事 (being done 被動)
使役動詞 done→被動 完成
I saw him crossing the road.
我看到他正在過馬路。(指在馬路中間或過馬路的途中)
I saw him cross the road.
我看見他過了馬路。(指看見他過了馬路這個過程)
I saw him beaten black and blue.
我看到他被打得青一塊紫一塊。(指看見他被打)
**巧記感官動詞和使役動詞----「一感二聽三讓五看」
feel,/ hear, listen to, / let, make, have, /look at, see, , watch, notice, observe
*①以上動詞接to do作賓補時不帶to。被動語態時要還原to
help 後面的to do 做賓補 to 可帶可不帶 *They were made to pay back the money.他們被迫還錢。
He was noticed to leave the office.有人注意到他離開了辦公室。
*②* have +賓語+doing
常和will/would not連用,表示「不允許某人總是或反復地做某事」
I won』t have him speaking to me like that.我不允許他那樣對我講話。
⒊ 要求接帶to 的不定式作其賓補的動詞有:
force, tell, invite, expect, wish, advise, warn, cause, order, encourage, persuade, beg, permit, allow等
He advised me to give up smoking.他建議我戒煙。
We encouraged him to try again.我們鼓勵他再試試。
At the meeting they invited me to speak.在會議上他們邀請我發言。
4. with 復合結構
with + 賓語 + to do (將來, 主動表被動)
with + 賓語 + doing (現在或過去主動, 現在被動:being done)
with + 賓語 + done (過去,被動)

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