英語作文怎麼用修辭
A. 英語的文采是怎麼回事
當然英文也一樣講究文采。英語也和漢語一樣，講就修辭。通過修辭，對文章起到美化的效果。如果能在英文里用上這些修辭，一定會讓你的文章更出采。
如下：
1. 比喻 (metaphor)
比喻就是打比方。可分為明喻和暗喻：
明喻 (simile)：
用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他詞語指出兩個不同事物的相似之處。例如：
O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的愛人像一朵紅紅的玫瑰花。
The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那個人不可信賴。他像鰻魚一樣狡猾。
He jumped as if he had been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起來。
Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像一場疾逝的夢。
暗喻 (metaphor)：
用一個詞來指代與該詞所指事物有相似特點的另外一個事物。例如：
He has a heart of stone. 他有一顆鐵石心腸。
The world is a stage. 世界是一個大舞台。
2. 換喻(metonymy)
用某一事物的名稱代替另外一個與它關系密切的事物的名稱，只要一提到其中一種事物，就會使人聯想到另一種。比如用the White House 代替美國政府或者總統， 用the bottle來代替wine 或者alcohol， 用the bar 來代替the legal profession，用 crown代替 king等。例如：
His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的經濟條件不允許他享受那種奢華。
The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母親盡最大努力照看孩子。
He succeeded to the crown in 1848. 他在1848年繼承了王位。
3. 提喻 (synecdoche)
指用部分代表整體或者用整體代表部分，以特殊代表一般或者用一般代表特殊。例如：
He earns his bread by writing. 他靠寫作掙錢謀生。
The farms were short of hands ring the harvest season. 在收獲季節里農場缺乏勞動力。
Australia beat Canada at cricket. 澳大利亞隊在板球比賽中擊敗了加拿大隊。
He is the Newton of this century. 他是這個世紀的牛頓。
4. 擬人 (personification)
把事物或者概念當作人或者具備人的品質的寫法叫擬人。例如：
My heart was singing. 我的心在歌唱。
This time fate was smiling to him. 這一次命運朝他微笑了。
The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 當她經過的時候花兒向她點頭致意。
The wind whistled through the trees. 風穿過樹叢，樹葉嘩嘩作響。
5. 委婉 (euphemism)
用溫和的、間接的詞語代替生硬的、粗俗的詞語，以免直接說出不愉快的事實冒犯別人或者造成令人窘迫、沮喪的局面。例如：
用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代替 to die
用senior citizens代替old people
用 a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil
用weight watcher代替 fat people
用mental hospital 代替 madhouse或者 asylum
用emotionally disturbed代替mad
用washroom, men's / women's room代替 lavatory
用 handicapped代替 crippled
用low income brackets; underprivileged; disadvantaged 代替 poor people
6. 雙關 (pun)
用同音異義或者一詞二義來達到詼諧幽默的效果：表面上是一個意思，而實際上卻暗含另一個意思，這種暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。例如：
A cannonball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器)
一發炮彈打斷了他的腿，所以他繳械投降了。
「Can I try on that gown in the window?」 asked a would-be customer.
「Certainly not, madam!」 replied the salesman. 我可以試穿一下櫥窗里的那件睡袍嗎？或者：我可以在櫥窗里試穿那件睡袍嗎？
Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天沒有水使一個人虛弱。或者：七天沒有水就是一周沒有水。
7. 反語 (irony)
使用與真正意義相反的詞，正話反說或者反話正說，從對立的角度運用詞義來產生特殊的效果。下面就是莎士比亞的戲劇 Julius Caesar 中的一個運用反語的很好的例子，Brutus出於野心刺殺了 Caesar, Caesar 的好友Antony 譏諷Brutus 說：
Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest—
For Brutus is an honorable man;
So are they all, all honorable men—
Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral.
He was my friend, faithful and just to me:
But Brutus says he was ambitious;
And Brutus is an honorable man.
在 Antony 的話里反復使用 honorable這個詞就是一個反語的例子。
8. 矛盾修飾 (oxymoron)
把相互矛盾的兩個詞用在一起的修辭方法。它利用詞義表面的相互矛盾使表層的不和諧統一在思想內容的深層，從而揭示事物對立統一的本質特徵，達到加深印象的目的。例如：
She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile. 她帶著含淚的微笑讀那封盼望已久的信。
The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.教練為了對他的受訓者仁慈就要對他們殘酷。
During his useful life he often felt he was useless. 在他大有作為的一生中他老是感到自己無用。
其他還有sweet pain; thunderous silence; luxurious poverty; heavy lightness; living death; impossible hope 等等。
9. 軛式搭配 (zeugma)
把適用於某一事物的詞語順勢用到另外一事物上的方法。在同一個句子里一個詞可以修飾或者控制兩個或更多的詞，它可以使語言活潑，富有幽默感。例如：
She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy. 她對那無家可歸的男孩打開了房門，也敞開了胸懷。
As I left home after breakfast, I shivered inwardly as well as outwardly. 早餐之後我離開家的時候，我的里里外外都在顫抖。
I would my horse had the speed of your tongue. 我希望我的馬能有你的舌頭的速度。
10. 移位修飾(transferred epithet)
將本應該用來修飾某一類名詞的修飾語用來修飾另一類名詞。例如：
There was a short, thoughtful silence. 出現了一陣短暫的、令人沉思的寂靜。
The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder. 老人把一隻令人安心的手放在我的肩膀上。
He closed his busy life at the age of sixty. 在六十歲時他結束了他那忙碌的一生。
This is the cheapest market in this country. 這是這個國家最便宜的市場了。
11. 頭韻 (alliteration)
兩個或者更多的詞以相同的音韻或者字母開頭就構成頭韻。例如：
proud as a peacock
blind as a bat
safe and sound
Long and loudly little Lily laughed. 小莉莉長時間地、大聲地笑著。
The windows waved violently in the wind. 窗戶在風中劇烈地搖動。
The sun sank slowly. 太陽慢慢地下沉。
12. 漸進 (climax)
根據事物的邏輯關系，由小到大，由輕到重，由淺到深，由低到高，由少到多依次漸進地進行描述或論述。這種整齊的結構可以使人們的思想認識一層層深化提高，增強語言的感染力和說服力。例如：
I came; I saw; I conquer. 我來了；我看到了；我征服。
Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 讀書使人充實；交談使人機智；寫作使人精確。
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 書有可淺嘗者，有可吞咽者，更有少數須消化咀嚼者。
Lincoln recognized worth in the common people; he loved the common people; he fought for the common people; and he died for the common people. 林肯認識到平民大眾的價值；他熱愛平民大眾；他為平民大眾而斗爭；他為平民大眾而獻身。
B. 英語作文秋天怎麼寫
作文思路：全篇運用了擬人的修辭手法，開篇描寫了夏去秋來，害羞的秋姑娘給世界發出了信函，告訴大家，秋天來了，接著描述了秋姑娘在果園、田野、校園的場景。
愉快的夏妹妹悄悄地走了，害羞的秋姑娘到來了，她把她寫的信發到了世界的每一個角落。
Happy summer sister quietly left, shy autumn girl arrived, she sent her letter to every corner of the world.
秋姑娘走到果園里，做了件紅襖送給蘋果，織了件紫袍送給葡萄，水果們都紛紛感謝秋姑娘。在水果們的擁簇下秋姑娘離開了它們。
Autumn girl went to the orchard, made a red coat for apple, woven a purple robe for grape, fruits all thank autumn girl. Under the support of the fruits, Qiu left them.
秋姑娘來到了田野，織了件紅帽子送給高粱，稻子很想要秋姑娘的禮物，秋姑娘只好送給稻子一件黃裙子。秋姑娘離開了田野。
Autumn girl came to the field, woven a red hat for sorghum, rice want autumn girl's gift, autumn girl had to give rice a yellow skirt. Autumn girl left the field.
秋姑娘來到了校園，小朋友都來迎接她，秋姑娘沒什麼禮物送給小朋友，便把花香送給小朋友。空氣中彌漫著花散發的香氣。秋姑娘離開了校園。
Autumn girl came to the campus, the children came to meet her, autumn girl no gift to the children, they give the children the fragrance of flowers. The air was filled with the fragrance of flowers. Autumn girl left the campus.
大家知道了秋天來了的喜訊，都紛紛來迎接秋姑娘。
Everyone knows the good news that autumn is coming, and they all come to meet autumn girl one after another.
C. 寫好高中英語作文的技巧和方法
明喻，這種修辭手法將不同事物作對比，共性存在於人們的心裡。常用的標志詞有 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。例如：He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him；I wandered lonely as a；Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy.
隱喻是簡縮了的明喻，通過比較形成。例如：Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad；Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and.
借喻不直接說出所要說的事物，而使用另一個與之相關的事物名稱。比如以容器代替內容，例如：The kettle 水開了；以資料、工具代替事物的名稱，例如：Lend me your ears, 請聽我說；以作者代替作品，例如：a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亞全集；以具體事物代替抽象概念，例如：I had the muscle, and they made money out of。
提喻用部分代替全體，或用全體代替部分，或特殊代替一般。例如：There are about 100 hands working in his (部分代整體)；He is the Newton of this (特殊代一般)；The fox goes very well with your (整體代部分)。
通感，聯覺，移覺是將視、聽、觸、嗅、味等感覺直接描寫事物，突破語言的局限。例如：The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like (用視覺形容聽覺)；Taste the music of (用嗅覺形容聽覺)。
擬人是把生命賦予無生命的事物，如：The night gently lays her hand at our fevered (把夜擬人化)；I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the (把鳥擬人化)。
誇張是以言過其實的說法表達強調的目的，如：I beg a thousand；Love You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the；When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured。
排比, 平行是把兩個或兩個以上的結構大體相同或相似，意思相關，語氣一致的短語或句子排列成串，形成一個整體，如：No one can be perfectly free till all are free；In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them。
婉辭法用委婉、文雅的方法表達粗惡、避諱的話，如：He is out visiting the 他出去方便一下；His relation with his wife has not been 他與妻子關系不融洽；Deng Xiaoping passed away in 老鄧同志仙逝。
諷喻, 比方建立在假借過去或別處的事例與對象之上，傳達暗示，影射或譏諷現世各種現象的含義。例如：Make the hay while the sun 表層含義：趁著出太陽的時候曬草；真正意味：趁熱打鐵；It's time to turn plough into 表層含義：是時候把犁變成劍。