蘆竹素英語怎麼說及英文翻譯

❶ 求一份中英文對照的植物資料,蘆葦和荇草的

界： 植物界 Plantae
(未分級) 被子植物分支 angiosperms
(未分級) 單子葉植物分支 monocots
(未分級) 鴨跖草分支 commelinids
目： 禾本目 Poales
科： 禾本科 Poaceae
亞科： 蘆竹亞科 Arundinoideae
族： 蘆竹族 Arundineae
屬： 蘆葦屬 Phragmites
種： 蘆葦 P. australis

蘆葦Phragmites
蘆葦（學名：Phragmites australis）是生長於沼澤、河攤、海灘等濕地的一種植物，遍布於全世界溫帶和熱帶地區，蘆葦屬的植物大約有10種，有的分類學家認為只有蘆葦是蘆葦屬的唯一種。
Phragmites australis, the common reed, is a large perennial grass found in wetlands throughout temperate and tropical regions of the world. It is sometimes regarded as the sole species of the genus Phragmites, though some botanists divide Phragmites australis into three or four species and in particular the South Asian Khagra Reed (P. karka) is often treated as distinct.[2]

形態
蘆葦是多年生草本植物，地下有匍匐的根莖，可以在適合的地區迅速地鋪展繁殖，一年可以平鋪延伸5米以上，地上莖高達2-6米，叢生，葉長達20-50厘米，排列成兩行，圓錐花序，花穗長10-40厘米，每個小穗有4-7朵小花，屬風媒花。美洲亞種植株比較矮小。
Growth
Common reed commonly forms extensive stands (known as reed beds), which may be as much as a square kilometer or more in extent. Where conditions are suitable it can spread at 5 metres (16 ft) or more per year by horizontal runners, which put down roots at regular intervals. It can grow in damp ground, in standing water (up to a meter or so deep), or even as a floating mat. The erect stems grow to 2–6 metres (6 ft 7 in–19 ft 8 in) tall, with the tallest plants growing in areas with hot summers and fertile growing conditions.

The leaves are long for a grass, 20–50 centimetres (7.9–20 in) and 2–3 centimetres (0.79–1.2 in) broad. The flowers are proced in late summer in a dense, dark purple panicle, about 20–50 cm long. Later the numerous long, narrow, sharp pointed spikelets appear greyer e to the growth of long, silky hairs.

Common reed requires neutral or alkaline water conditions, and so it does not usually occur where the water is acidic.[citation needed] It tolerates brackish water, and so is often found at the upper edges of estuaries and on other wetlands (such as grazing marsh) which are occasionally inundated by the sea.

Common reed is suppressed where it is grazed regularly by livestock. Under these conditions it either grows as small shoots within the grassland sward, or it disappears altogether.

用途
蘆葦是保護濕地環境和野生動物的重要物種，許多種鳥類棲息在蘆葦叢中。

蘆葦桿含有纖維素，可以用來造紙和人造纖維。中國從古代就用蘆葦編制「葦席」鋪炕、蓋房或搭建臨時建築。古代各國都有用蘆葦中空的莖製造的樂器——蘆笛，蘆葦莖內的薄膜做笛子的笛膜使用。蘆葦穗可以作掃帚，花絮可以充填枕頭。蘆葦的根是一種中葯——蘆根，入葯性寒，味甘，功能清胃火、除肺熱，主治熱病煩渴、胃熱嘔吐、肺癰等症。
Uses
Thatching
Main article: Thatching
Reed is used in many areas for thatching roofs. In the British Isles, common reed used for this purpose is known as Norfolk reed or water reed. However "wheat reed" and "Devon reed", also used for thatching, are not in fact reed, but long-stemmed wheat straw.

Water treatment
Main article: Constructed wetland
Reed is the main wetland species used for water treatment.
Waste water from bathrooms, lavatories and kitchens is routed to an underground septic tank-like compartment where the solid waste is allowed to settle out. The water then trickles through a constructed wetland or artificial reed bed (not to be confused with the natural reed bed habitat), where bacterial action on the surface of roots and leaf litter removes some of the nutrients. The water is then suitable for irrigation or discharge to watercourses.

Other uses
Some other uses for reeds in various cultures include baskets, mats, pen tips, and a crude form of paper.
In the Philippines, Phragmites is known by the local name "tambo". Reed stands flower in December, and the blooms are harvested and bundled into brooms called "walis". Hence the common name of household brooms is "walis tambo".

只找到這一個~英文與中文大意相同~但並不是逐句翻譯……