北京胡同英語怎麼介紹
❶ 關於老北京胡同的歷史,由來哪位大蝦能告訴我(求英文版)
A hutong is an ancient city alley or lane typical in Beijing, where hutongs run into the several thousand. Surrounding the Forbidden City, many were built ring the Yuan (1206-1341), Ming(1368-1628) and Qing(1644-1908) dynasties. In the prime of these dynasties the emperors, in order to establish supreme power for themselves, planned the city and arranged the residential areas according to the etiquette systems of the Zhou Dynasty. The center of the city of Beijing was the royal palace -- the Forbidden City.
One kind of hutongs, usually referred to as the regular hutong, was near the palace to the east and west and arranged in orderly fashion along the streets. Most of the residents of these hutongs were imperial kinsmen and aristocrats. Another kind, the simple and crude hutong, was mostly located far to the north and south of the palace. The residents were merchants and other ordinary people.
The main buildings in the hutong were almost all quadrangles--a building complex formed by four houses around a quadrangular courtyard . The quadrangles varied in size and design according to the social status of the residents. The big quadrangles of high- ranking officials and wealthy merchants were specially built with roof beams and pillars all beautifully carved and painted, each with a front yard and back yard. However, the ordinary people's quadrangles were simply built with small gates and low houses. hutongs, in fact, are passageways formed by many closely arranged quadrangles of different sizes. The specially built quadrangles all face the south for better lighting; as a result, a lot of hutongs run from east to west. Between the big hutongs many small ones went north and south for convenient passage.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty unified and closed China came under influence from abroad, having experienced change of dynasties and the vicissitudes of life. The stereotyped arrangement of the hutong was also affected. Many newly formed hutongs with irregular houses appeared outside the city, while many old ones lost their former neat arrangement. The social status of the residents also changed, reflecting the collapse of the feudal system. During the period of the Republic of China (1911-1948), Chinese society was unstable, with frequent civil wars and repeated foreign invasions.
The city of Beijing deteriorated, and the conditions of the hutong worsened. Quadrangles previously owned by one family became a compound occupied by many households.
After the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949, hutong conditions improved. In recent years, the houses in many hutongs have been pulled down and replaced by modern buildings. Many hutong dwellers have moved to new housing.
The hutong today is fading into the shade for both tourists and inhabitants.
However, in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs still occupy one third of the total area, providing housing for half the population, so many hutongs have survived. In this respect, we see the old in the new in Beijing as an ancient yet modern city.
HUTONG TOUR IN BEIJNG
A "hutong" is an ancient city alleyway or lane typical of ancient Beijing, where hutongs once ran into the thousands.
Hutongs were first built around the walled imperial compound known as the Forbidden City. The majority of these alleyways were built ring the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties (1271—). At the height of each era, the emperor arranged the residential areas surrounding his moat according to a system of etiquette hailing back to the Zhou Dynasty (C.1100—221 B.C.).
At its heart was the Forbidden City, surrounded by main roadways travelling east-west and north-south. There were originally two kinds of hutongs. The first were grouped to the east and west of the Forbidden City and laid in an orderly design alongside main roadways. Most of these hutongs housed members of the royal family, officials, eunuchs and aristocrats. The second type of hutong was a crude version of the first, located far to the north and south of the sprawling imperial compound, inhabited by merchants and commoners.
What both had in common was the type of structure lining the alleyways. The "siheyuan" known in English as a quadrangle, or courtyard complex, invariably comprised four main buildings facing each compass point and surrounded by a high wall. The size and design of each complex reflected the social status of the inhabitants.
Wealthy families often boasted several walled courtyards surrounded by a main wall, each building decorated with intricately carved and painted beams and pillars.
The quadrangles of the poor were of a much simpler construction with small gates and low ceilings. Beijing's meandering hutongs are passageways formed by thousands of closely arranged quadrangles of different sizes. The main buildings of most of these structures face south for optimum sunlight, especially ring the bitter Beijing winters. Because of this, the majority of the city's hutongs run east to west. Between the major hutongs meandered narrow alleys running north to south to allow convenient passage through what was once a vast maze of gray brick and tiled roofs.
Old Beijing is in essence a magnified quadrangle, symmetrically arranged and surrounded by a high city wall that was torn down half a century ago to make way for a beltway ringing the increasingly modern capital.
By the end of the Qing Dynasty, China's economy was in tatters. But pleasure-loving Beijing continued to cater to the emperor and his hangers-on. Life was mostly confined to the hutongs. The quadrangle reflected the way of life and social culture of the times.
❸ 求一份介紹北京胡同的英文文章
Beijing 's hutongs, lanes or alleys formed by lines of siheyuan (a compound with houses around a courtyard) where old Beijing residents live, witness the vicissitude of the city.
The word "hutong" originates from the word "hottog" which means "well" in Mongolian. Villagers dig out a well and inhabited there. Hutong means a lane or alley, in fact the passage formed by lines of siheyuan (a compound with houses around a courtyard) where old Beijing residents live. Be care not to lost in it! It was recorded that in the Yuan a 36-meter-wide road was called a standard street, a 18-meter-wide one was a small street and a 9-meter-wide lane was named a hutong. In fact, Beijing 's hutongs are inequable ranging from 40 centimeter to 10 meter in wide. The longest has more than 20 turns. Either in east-west or north-south, Beijing 's hutongs varied as slant, half or blind hutongs" cul-de-sacs. The gray-tiled houses and deep alleys crossing with each other in identical appearance like a maze, you will find it much fun to walk through but be care not to lost yourself.
❹ 北京胡同用英語怎麼說
北京胡同-Beijing Hutong,Beijing lanes
❺ 北京胡同英文簡介
The two words "Hutong" were originally translated into Mongolian. "Jijin Zhi" is called "Lane Tongben Dialect", which was inherited by Jian in the Yuan Dynasty in 1267. It has a history of more than 700 years.
「胡同」，這兩個字原是蒙古語的譯音。《析津志》載稱「巷通本方言」，是1267年元代建大都沿襲下來的，至今已有700多年歷史。
Therefore, Beijing Hutong is the proct of a long history. It reflects the history of Beijing and has rich content. The word "Hutong" appears in the Records of the Three Kingdoms, which means that Hu and Han live together in the same lane.
所以，北京胡同是久遠歷史的產物，它反映了北京歷史的面貌，是有豐富內容的。「胡同」一詞出現在《三國志》，胡漢同居一巷之意。
(5)北京胡同英語怎麼介紹擴展閱讀：
相關典故：
為保護古都風貌，維護傳統特色，北京城區劃定了二十餘條胡同為歷史文化保護區，像南鑼鼓巷、西四北一條至八條等就被定為四合院平房保護區。
自元大都以來形成的老北京胡同成棋盤式格局。胡同的形成和發展，在其名稱上也留下了歷史變遷的痕跡，並反映出社會風情。
每條胡同一形成，人們自然會給它起個名，這個名稱一旦被大多數人所接受，叫開了，就確確實實地代表了這條胡同在整個城市中的方位，成為人們交往、通信等活動中不可缺少的標志。這是胡同名稱的實用指代作用。
由於胡同名稱從元朝開始形成胡同起，一直都只是靠人們口頭相傳，至於用文字寫在標牌上掛在胡同口上，只是民國後才有的。
北京的胡同雖然看起包羅萬象，既有江河湖海（大江胡同、河泊廠胡同、團結湖、海濱胡同）、山川日月（圖樣山胡同、川店胡同、回升胡同、月光胡同）、人物姓氏（張自忠路、賈家胡同）、市場商品（菜市口胡同、銀碗胡同）、工廠作坊（打磨廠、油漆作胡同）。
花草魚蟲（花枝胡同、草園胡同、金魚胡同、養蜂夾道）、雲雨星空（雲居胡同、雨兒胡同、大星胡同、空廠）、雞鴨魚肉（雞爪胡同、鴨子店、鮮魚口、肉市街）等等，名目繁多，令人看著眼花緣亂，但如果認真分析，還是有其自個兒內在的規律的。
多以衙署官方機構、宮壇寺廟、倉庫作坊，橋梁、河道、集市貿易、商品器物、人物姓氏、景物民情等決定胡同、街巷的名稱，其中許多沿用至今。
❻ 求一些老北京胡同的英文介紹，注不要胡同的介紹，是要一些有名字的胡同的單獨介紹，有多少給我多少吧
Beijing 's hutongs, lanes or alleys formed by lines of siheyuan (a compound with houses around a courtyard) where old Beijing residents live, witness the vicissitude of the city.
The word "hutong" originates from the word "hottog" which means "well" in Mongolian. Villagers dig out a well and inhabited there. Hutong means a lane or alley, in fact the passage formed by lines of siheyuan (a compound with houses around a courtyard) where old Beijing residents live. Be care not to lost in it! It was recorded that in the Yuan a 36-meter-wide road was called a standard street, a 18-meter-wide one was a small street and a 9-meter-wide lane was named a hutong. In fact, Beijing 's hutongs are inequable ranging from 40 centimeter to 10 meter in wide. The longest has more than 20 turns. Either in east-west or north-south, Beijing 's hutongs varied as slant, half or blind hutongs" cul-de-sacs. The gray-tiled houses and deep alleys crossing with each other in identical appearance like a maze。
❼ 北京胡同英語介紹
北京的胡同有上千條，形成於中國歷史上的元朝、明朝、清朝三個朝代，其中的大多數形成於13世紀的元朝。胡同的走向多為正東正西，寬度一般不過九米。
There are thousands of hutongs in Beijing, formed in the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties in Chinese history, most of which were formed in the Yuan Dynasty in the 13th century.
The direction of Hutong is mostly East and West, and its width is generally no more than nine meters.
胡同兩旁的建築大多都是四合院。四合院是一種由東西南北四座房屋以四四方方的對稱形式圍在一起的建築物。大大小小的四合院一個緊挨一個排列起來，它們之間的通道就是胡同。
Most of the buildings on both sides of the alley are quadrangles.Siheyuan is a kind of building which is surrounded by four houses in symmetrical form.
The quadrangles, big and small, are arranged one by one, and the passage between them is the alley.
胡同從外表上看模樣都差不多，但其內在特色卻各不相同，它們不僅是城市的脈搏，更是北京普通老百姓生活的場所。
Hutongs are similar in appearance, but their internal characteristics are different. They are not only the pulse of the city, but also the place where ordinary people live in Beijing.
北京人對胡同有著特殊感情，它是百姓們出入家門的通道，更是一座座民俗風情博物館，烙下了許多社會生活的印記。
Beijingers have special feelings for Hutong. It is not only a passage for people to enter and exit their homes, but also a museum of folk customs, which has left many marks of social life.
(7)北京胡同英語怎麼介紹擴展閱讀：
北京的胡同多如牛毛，獨獨八大胡同聞名中外。因為當年，這里曾是煙花柳巷的代名詞。
「八大胡同」在西珠市口大街以北、鐵樹斜街以南，由西往東依次為：百順胡同、胭脂胡同、韓家潭、陝西巷、石頭胡同、王廣福斜街、朱家胡同、李紗帽胡同。
其實，老北京人所說的「八大胡同」，並不專指這八條街巷，而是泛指前門外大柵欄一帶，因為在這八條街巷之外的胡同里，還分布著近百家大小妓院。只不過當年，這八條胡同的妓院多是一等二等，妓女的「檔次」也比較高，所以才如此知名。
老北京城的妓院分若乾等級。最早的妓院分布在內城，多是官妓。現東四南大街路東有幾條胡同，曾是明朝官妓的所在地，如演樂胡同，是官妓樂隊演習奏樂之所。
內務部街在明清時叫勾欄胡同，是由妓女和藝人扶著欄桿賣唱演繹而來的。以後「勾欄」成為妓院的別稱。
明清時期，當官的和有錢的飲宴時要妓女陪酒、奏樂、演唱，叫做「叫條子」，在妓女一方，則叫「出條子」。
參考資料來源：網路——北京胡同
❽ 北京胡同的英語作文怎麼寫啊急用
在一篇文章里，一定要注意條理，文章不能文不對題，雜亂無章，最好的辦內法就是列提綱，腦子里有這容么一個輪廓，再細細描繪。描繪過程中，要現實，不能寫什麼「公雞下蛋」之類的，否則會鬧笑話。還要注意標點，不能亂點，標點也有標點的規律，該停頓就停頓，該省略就省略。
HUTONG TOUR IN BEIJNG
A "hutong" is an ancient city alleyway or lane typical of ancient Beijing,where hutongs once ran into the thousands.
Hutongs were first built around the walled imperial compound known as the Forbidden City.The majority of these alleyways were built ring the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties (1271—).At the height of each era,the emperor arranged the residential areas surrounding his moat according to a system of etiquette hailing back to the Zhou Dynasty (C.1100—221 B.C.).
At its heart was the Forbidden City,surrounded by main roadways travelling east-west and north-south.There were originally two kinds of hutongs.The first were grouped to the east and west of the Forbidden City and laid in an orderly design alongside main roadways.Most of these hutongs housed members of the royal family,officials,eunuchs and aristocrats.The second type of hutong was a crude version of the first,located far to the north and south of the sprawling imperial compound,inhabited by merchants and commoners.
What both had in common was the type of structure lining the alleyways.The "siheyuan" known in English as a quadrangle,or courtyard complex,invariably comprised four main buildings facing each compass point and surrounded by a high wall.The size and design of each complex reflected the social status of the inhabitants.
Wealthy families often boasted several walled courtyards surrounded by a main wall,each building decorated with intricately carved and painted beams and pillars.
The quadrangles of the poor were of a much simpler construction with small gates and low ceilings.Beijing's meandering hutongs are passageways formed by thousands of closely arranged quadrangles of different sizes.The main buildings of most of these structures face south for optimum sunlight,especially ring the bitter Beijing winters.Because of this,the majority of the city's hutongs run east to west.Between the major hutongs meandered narrow alleys running north to south to allow convenient passage through what was once a vast maze of gray brick and tiled roofs.
Old Beijing is in essence a magnified quadrangle,symmetrically arranged and surrounded by a high city wall that was torn down half a century ago to make way for a beltway ringing the increasingly modern capital.
By the end of the Qing Dynasty,China's economy was in tatters.But pleasure-loving Beijing continued to cater to the emperor and his hangers-on.Life was mostly confined to the hutongs.The quadrangle reflected the way of life and social culture of the times.