高三英語閱讀理解精選
❶ 廣東高考英語閱讀答題方法
從高考英語閱讀理解題談強化學生閱讀能力
個人秘密從高考英語閱讀理解題談強化學生閱讀能力 福建省漳平第三中學 樂大傑 國家教育部頒布的《普通高中英語課程標准》中指出:基礎教育階段英語課程的總體目標是培養學生的綜合語言運用能力。這種語言運用能力的形成是建立在學生語言技能、語言知識、情感態度、學習策略和文化意識等素養整體發展的基礎之上。英語教學大綱也明確指出「根據高中學生認知能力發展的特點和學業發展的要求,高中英語課程應強調進一步發展學生綜合語言運用能力的基礎上,著重提高學生用英語獲取信息,處理信息,分析問題和解決問題的能力」。由此可見,高中英語教學的任務不僅僅是教會學生理解所學的英語課文材料,更為重要的是通過有效的閱讀教學活動的開展,對學生進行學習方法的指導和閱讀技能的訓練,教會學生怎樣運用恰當的學習策略開展學習活動,從而逐步培養語言學習的能力。 一、詮釋高考英語閱讀理解題,明確強化方向 1、所佔分值比例大。高考英語閱讀理解題型的分值要佔高考英語總分的40/150,是所有題型中佔分比例最大的一道題,在閱讀理解上是否得高分,是能否取得高考英語好成績的關鍵。據對近年高考形勢預測分析,高考涉及短文的部分在試卷中的比重越來越大。聽力佔30分的2001年高考試卷,通過短文語篇來考查學生英語能力的試題共計127.5分,占試卷總分的80%以上。語法部分也不是單純地考查語法知識,也是通過完整的語篇來考查的。短文語篇可能更加多樣化,短文將多為適應時代特徵和貼近實際生活的文章,很可能就是報紙上的新聞段落。短文的長度也會略有加長,繼續加強對學生閱讀速度的要求。語言能力的考查不受大綱限制,閱讀中允許有「超綱」的單詞。試卷中將繼續出現一些不注釋漢語但不太影響對考試內容理解的生詞。 2、所測試能力綜合。自1989年來,原國家教委考試中心每年都在全國范圍公布當年英語學科的《考試說明》,《考試說明》對閱讀理解的要求做了明確的規定,閱讀理解部分主要測試考生以下能力:⑴掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意;⑵了解用以闡述主旨的事實和有關細節;⑶根據上下文判斷大綱附表以外的某些詞彙和短語的意義;⑷既理解個別句子的意義,也理解上下文之間的邏輯關系;⑷根據所讀材料進行一定的判斷,推理和引申;⑸正確領會作者的觀點和態度。 近幾年來的高考閱讀題集知識性、趣味性強、信息含量大、題材與體裁廣泛為一體,突出語篇處理,加大深層信息處理力度的命題趨勢。以2004年高考閱讀理解為例,可歸納為三大特點:生疏短語增多,表達方式靈活;短文結構復雜,組篇方式新穎;整體理解題和推理題增多。2005 年全國英語試題閱讀理解中五篇文章覆蓋了敘述文、應用文、說明文、議論文等多種文體,話題新、有時代感;原汁原味、語言應地道、條理清晰、結構緊湊,在時間順序、空間順序或邏輯推理上有較大的復雜性,平均每篇短文 300 詞左右,同時兼顧了科普性;從閱讀容量上看,閱讀試題容量有較大幅度的增加;從設題的角度來看,深層次的理解題共三題,推理判斷題共六題,因果推理試題有兩題,另外還有一些歸納總結題兩題。2006年廣東卷緊扣考試大綱提出閱讀理解將更多地考查應用性的文章,即包括廣告、通知、報告、報紙等內容。所有這些再次說明了強化學生閱讀能力的緊迫性和必要性。 二、立足課文教學,加強閱讀思維訓練 近年來高考英語命題的趨勢是「突出能力,側重思維」。在NMET試題中,始終貫穿著觀察、記憶、分析、對比、聯想、想像等諸項思維活動的考查。因此,我們應充分利用課文內容,對學生進行切實有效的閱讀訓練,啟迪他們的閱讀思維,不斷提高其閱讀能力。 1、快速閱讀,理清脈絡,獲取表層信息。 這是進行課文分析的第一步。只有對文章的框架結構,作者的思路走向等有了初步的了解,才能深入理解文章的隱含信息,解決難度較大的設問。如在學習SEFC Book 3 Unit 5「Getting the message」中Reading一文時,我們可以設計這樣的一個任務:要求學生歸納每個段落的大意。 通過快速閱讀,同學們馬上就能捕捉到需要的信息,並爭相回答。 Para.1.Ads are found almost everywhere. Para.2.People react to advertisements in different ways. Para.3.The basic principle of advertisements is to influence customers』 choices. Para.4.Ads help companies and customers in a variety of ways. Para.5.The most important function of advertising is to introce new procts. Para.6.Governments and other organizations use ads to make people aware of government policies and social problems. Para.7.Customers should be careful of illegal ads. Para.8.Customers should learn to protect themselves from false ads and make smart choices. 這樣,同學們對整篇文章就有了比較較清晰的認識,對進一步學習提供了前提條件。 2、詳細閱讀,深入思考,挖掘深層內涵。 語言學家一般把閱讀理解過程分為四個層次:①字面理解,指對文章字面意義的理解,包括辨認詞義、句法結構,了解文章的大意、細節,事件發生的時間、地點、順序和人物之間的關系等;②推斷性理解,指讀者根據文章的結構進行分析與邏輯判斷,從字里行間推測作者隱含的意思和作者的觀點,包括從上下文推測詞義,事件發生的原因、順序和結果,人物性格和中心思想等;③評價性理解,指讀者憑借自己的知識和評價原則,對文章進行分析和評價,如評論信息的真實性、事件的可能性和結論的合理性,並表明自己的態度;④欣賞性理解,指讀者以自己的思想認識、情感態度、興趣愛好來領會文章的主題思想和作者的觀點,包括對文章內容與寫作技巧方面的感受、體驗、鑒別和欣賞,是一種情感活動與認知活動交融一體的心理過程。 因此,在處理教材課文教學中,我們不妨可以精心設計一些由淺入深的選擇題,要求學生根據課文選出正確答案。以SEFC Book 3 Unit 6 Going west 中Reading教學為例,筆者設計了如下練習: 細節題 ①The reason why my father wanted to go to California is that____. A.California was in desert. B.California was far away. C.California was a wonderful land described in a book. D.California was the largest state in the USA. (Key: C) ②On which day did the author enter the Salt Lake Desert? A.April12 B.November4 C.October15 D.December25 (Key: B) ③The animals almost ran when the travelers reached the edge of the desert, why? A.Because they were tired and weak. B.Because they had no burden. C.Because they must have smelt the water. D.Because they went back to their home. (Key: C) 主旨題 ④Another title of the text maybe______. A.A Journey To California B.Long Drive C.The Salt Lake Desert D.Enjoy Your Life (Key:B) 推理題 ⑤How long did the author spend finishing the journey? A.More than 40 months. B.About 2 months. C.About a year. D.About a year and month (Key:C) 欣賞題 ⑥What is the writing style of the text? The text is a narrative writing, which related a story that the hero』s family and other many families moved to the West. They ran into many difficulties on the way to the West. Finally they got to the West and started a new life. The text, which uses the first person to relate the hero』s true experiences, gives us a vivid description. ⑦What can we learn from this text? We learned that ring our lifetime, we may run into many difficulties. When we come across the problems, we shouldn』t try to escape. Instead, we should learn to face reality and solve the problems. As long as we overcome the difficulties and never give up, we will achieve our goals and succeed. Moreover, we all have dreams in our heart. As long as we stick to them and make unremitting efforts, we will make our dreams come true one day. 3、反復閱讀,聯想認識,深刻理解全文。 在基本獲取文章表層信息,細節難點、深層內涵剖析思考後,筆者再讓學生從問題中「跳出來」,站在新的高度上再讀課文,從而對文章的主題,事件的背景和結局,主要人物的評析,作者的觀點意圖等形成較深刻的認識。 例如在教學Abraham Lincoln一文時,結尾對林肯作了終結性的評述:Today, Abraham Lincoln is considered as one of the greatest of all American presidents. 我們從結論反推回去,問了一個 「Why?」 同學們又回到課文,進行認真的分析歸納綜合,找到了從「童年時代的勤奮好學」到「青年時代的志向抱負」,再到「總統任上的嘔心瀝血」以及「為了國家的統一和全體人民的自由而獻身」等許多可歌可泣的論據,從而更加全面深刻地認識林肯總統的偉大。 三、 增加語言實踐量, 延伸英語閱讀空間 應該說, 僅限於課文的閱讀教學是遠遠不夠的。閱讀課的課堂教學內容絕不能只停留在封閉的教室、狹窄的一本書里, 而是要面對更廣闊的社會生活, 以拓寬閱讀內容視角,擺脫傳統的英語閱讀教材的束縛, 以提高學生的能力素質。 1、精選閱讀材料,擴大閱讀范圍,增加閱讀量。 目前中學英語教科書所提供的閱讀量較以往雖有較大幅度的增加,但離大綱的要求還遠遠不夠。大綱在教學要求中規定高中畢業一級水平(會考要求)要補充閱讀10 萬詞;二級水平(高考要求)要補充閱讀20萬詞。為此,教師要精心選擇補充閱讀材料。在材料選擇上,要使 所選材料題材廣泛(如名人軼事、歷史傳說、民間故事、寓言、幽默小品、日常生活、新聞報道、 社會背景、政治經濟、史地常識、科普文章等,要求靈活多樣,生動有趣 )、體裁多樣(如敘述、描寫、應用、說明、議論等文體皆備 )、篇幅適當、內涵豐富、難度適中、生詞較少等,使之適合教學的實際要求和學生的實際水平,激發學生的閱讀興趣,使得學生在日益豐富的閱讀中提高閱讀能力。 近幾年高考英語命題的選材具有時代感,試題選材內容注重不同領域知識的相互滲透 ,內容涉及到經濟、教育、科技、新聞、環保等方方面面的內容。不同的文化造就不同的風格、習慣、價值觀念和思維方式。在對文章理解過程中,如果不找到中西文化的差異,對作者的觀點和態度就很難把握。高考閱讀的文章絕大部分取材於原版英文,滲透著英語為母語國家的文化氣息,缺乏英語文化背景知識也是考生讀不懂、讀不快的重要原因。所以,訓練時在選材方面要留心讓學生多閱讀異國文化背景濃厚的作品、科技動態、時事新聞等方面的文章,以獲取新信息,增長新知識,形成新思維,豐富他們的文化積淀,有利於語言知識的運用和閱讀理解分析題的解答。 2、明確閱讀目的,講究閱讀方法,提高理解正確率。 閱讀的目的是為了獲取信息,理解的正確與否是閱 讀的關鍵。為了掌握文章所表達的思想意識,理解文章所述的內在聯系,領悟文章內涵,提高對文章的整體理解能力,閱讀時要講究閱讀方法。 ⑴確定中心思想。一篇文章通常是圍繞一個中心思想展開的。 一篇文章又是一個有機的整體,段落與段落之間有著內在的緊密聯系。整篇文章的中心思想是通過各個段落中心思想的深入闡述烘托出來。英語中,用來表達這個中心思想的句子叫主題句(the topic sentence)。通常文章的中心思想包含在文章的首句,有時 也在文章的末句。其他句子都是用來說明和闡述主題句。因此,在確定文章的中心思想時,要求學生重視閱讀文章的首句和末句。但也有一些文章,中心思想常常貫穿在全文中,因此要求學生綜觀全文,對段落的內容要融會貫通,對文章有個透徹的理解。 ⑵掌握具體事實和重要細節。文章確定了要表達的中心思想後,還必須通過許多細節的信息來進一步解釋 或表達主題,體現中心思想。掌握這些細節是歸納、概括文章中心思想的基礎,對於理解全文的作用是不容忽 視的。閱讀文章時,要求學生養成辨認和記憶具體事實、重要細節的習慣。這些具體事實、重要細節是主題句 的擴展、補充說明或例證,是用來支持說明中心思想的主要觀點。 ⑶聯繫上下文,結合常識進行推斷。在實際閱讀活動中,為了獲取文章所傳達的信息,有時需要根據文章提供的事實和線索,進行邏輯推理;還要能夠透過文章的字面意義把握作者的真實思想,推斷出沒有直接明說的抽象信息、隱含意義或深層結論。 People have trouble deciding what I am.Indians mistake me for one of their own;in Chinatown they give me a menu written in Chinese;and once even a Japanese boy asked me if I was Korean.My ancestors(祖先)are full—blooded Japanese, but I have to get used to people thinking I'm something else. ①We can know from the passage that the writer is____by birth.(D) A.an Indian B.a Chinese C.a Korean D.a Japanese ②The writer is probably living in_____.(C) A.India B.China C.the U.S.A D.Japan ⑷運用構詞法、語境等推測關鍵詞義。閱讀文章時,理解詞義是基礎。不懂得詞義,就談不上理解文章 。而同一單詞往往因語境不同而產生詞義變化。只有根據上下文,正確掌握適應具體語境的詞義,才稱得上真 正意義的閱讀。在閱讀過程中,常常會遇到一些生詞,但大部分生詞的詞義可以結合構詞法、文章中的語境,在理解的基礎上大膽猜測,體會意義。這樣不僅可加快閱讀速度,而且可以提高閱讀理解能力。不能一遇生詞 便急於查閱詞典,但如果同一個生詞在閱讀中遇到三、四次後仍不能理解,則應求助於詞典。 ⑸利用語法過渡詞、語氣轉折詞及時態等,把握文脈。 為了准確理解文章的內涵,對文章的結構也需有所了解,把握句子與句子之間、段落與段落之間的邏輯聯系,即文脈。通常用have done,already for,because,since,as等表示原因;so, thus 等表示結果;while,nevertheless表示轉折;but,instead of,rather 等表示相反;that is (to say),e.g,for example,for instance 等用來作進一步的說明,等等。 3、培養良好習慣,掌握閱讀技巧,加快閱讀速度。 閱讀速度的快慢是閱讀能力高低的重要標志。在提高正確率的前提下,要加快閱讀速度,必須培養良好的閱讀習慣,講究閱讀技巧。 ⑴默讀習慣。許多學生在閱讀時,習慣於發出每個詞的讀音。有的學生雖沒有讀出聲來,但內心還是 在自言自語、一詞一句地有意念地讀,嚴重影響閱讀速度的提高。這就要求學生養成默讀習慣,把注意力只停 留在文字元號上,避免嘴唇的嚅動或低聲朗讀,以免分散注意力,減慢閱讀速度。正確的默讀,其速度可以比 出聲的讀快三倍左右。 ⑵擴大視幅,減少回視。有的學生往往用手指點著逐詞閱讀,有時還來回數次往返閱讀,唯恐遺漏什麼, 影響了閱讀速度和連貫理解。為提高效率,要培養學生從整個句子去理解,迅速地從前一個句子掃視到第二個 句子,以避免頻頻回視、重讀等不良現象。 ⑶限定閱讀時間。為提高閱讀速度,還需限定文章閱讀的時間,在規定時間內要求學生有效地獲取信息, 加快閱讀節奏,增加緊迫感,從而為高考等在規定時間內高質量地完成限定內容奠定良好的基礎。 ⑷閱讀時要做到盡量少查詞典。因為查閱詞典會影響閱讀速度,遇到生詞可以利用上下文等來猜測、判斷 它的詞義。閱讀速度的提高,有利於培養閱讀能力,從而進一步提高閱讀正確率,也能進一步增加閱讀量。 總之,在英語閱讀課的教學過程中,作為教師,一定要注意學生閱讀思維能力的訓練與培養,幫助他們養成良好的閱讀習慣,提高閱讀能力;作為學生,無論是課內學習還是課外擴展性的學習,都應自覺致力於閱讀能力的培養,這是解答閱讀理解題成敗的關鍵。 參考書目: 1、繆庭:2004年高考閱讀理解(全國卷)的三大特點 (《中小學外語教學》2004-11) 2、《英語周報》報社主編《名師說課》高三冊 3、《高中同步測控優化設計—英語》高三全一冊
❷ 高三要做的英語閱讀理解推薦書
其實,不要盲目地去找練習資料,平時發的英語報紙和班級統一訂的輔導書就已版經足夠了,針對權一個類型的題目,比如閱讀理解,重要不是你看了多少道題,而是你看進去多少道題,遇到錯題多的或者自己感覺看不懂的要精讀細讀,仔細想想這道題這樣問,你應該怎麼想,從哪兒能找到答案?
對少量的題,用更多的腦子,才能提高成績。
還有閱讀理解要學會猜,經常遇到不會的單詞,根據句子中其他單詞能夠猜出來不認識的單詞什麼意思,甚至看到一句話就能猜到這篇文章可能要描述個什麼東西,如果這個練好了你都可能猜到出題者會在哪兒出題。
慢慢練習,不要希望哪一本資料能夠幫助到你,你手頭的足夠用的。
我當時高考英語135,山東的,不算高,但是閱讀應該沒有錯題,個人意見,僅供參考~
❸ 高三 英語閱讀理解題、
65.?
A.HowtoReceYourStress
B.HowtoSetManageableGoals
C.TheCauseofStress
D.TheStudyoftheHumanMind
66.Theunderlinedwords「OceanDumping」meanthatyoushould______,whileyouareintrouble.
A.walkonabeautifulbeach
B.dropyourthoughtsintothesea
C.
D.
67.,wecan______.
A.setpracticalgoalsfirst
B.buildasenseofsuccess
C.acceptthelargeprojectasawhole
D.
68.Fromthepassagewecanlearn______.
A.
B.
C.thinkingyourreal-
D.youmusttreateverythingasa「life-or-death」situation
65—
❹ 誰有高考英語閱讀理解長篇的題目,越多越好
Passage 1
Up,,and Away!
Anadventurer who became the first person to fly across the English Channel on aclusterof balloons has launched a house into the sky just like inthe hit movie Up-in reparation for a more ambitious journey and a new record.
FearlessTrappe,from North Carolina,stepped into the cartoon themed home before flying above the LeonInternational Balloon Festival in Mexico more than a week ago.
The38-year-old Trappe was using the event as a warm-up for his plannedtrans-Atlantic flight scheled for next summer.He aims to complete the 2,500-mile journey in a seven-foot lifeboat carried by 365 huge heliumballoons.
Thebrave man is learning to sail a lifeboat,in case he needs to ditch intothe ocean ring the danger-filled adventure.
Hesill fly at between 18,000 feet and 25,000 feet,beating his previous world altituderecord of 21,600 feet,and must fly uninterrupted a distance ten times longer than his previousworld record of 230 miles in order to succeed.
Theadventurer Trappe,who holds records forcrossing the Alps,flying the most clusterballoons,and the longest distance,has spent his entire career,building up to thisambitious plan.
「Ididn』t wake up one day and think:『I』 going to fly acrossthe Atlantic,』」he said.「Every attempt before this was prepared for this fight,I』ve been training for a long time」.
1.The adventurer flew acrossthe English Channel to__________.
A.test the balloons B.launch a house
C.shoot a hit movie D.prepare for breaking a record
2.To finish the journey,he will fly a distance of__________.
A.2500 miles B.18,000 feet C.25,000 feet D.230 miles
3.About the ambitiousjourney,which is NOT mentioned in thepassage?
A.When he will fly B.How high he sill fly
C.How far he will fly D.How long it will take him
4.How many world recordsdoes Jonathan hold?
A.Two B.Three C.Four D.Five
5.What does he lastparagraph imply?
A.Trappe can』t sleepworrying about the adventure
B.Trappe was born to set world records
C.Trappe always keeps his ambition in mind
D.Trappe never thought of crossing the Atlanticbefore
Passage 2
Everyday we go to school and listen to the teacher,and the teacher will askus some questions.Sometimes,the classmates will ask your opinions of the work of the class.When you are telling others in the class what you have found out aboutthese topics,remember that they must be able tohear what you are saying.You are not taking part ina family conversation or having a chat with friends---you are in a slightlyunnatural situation where a large group of people will remain silent,waiting to hear what you have to say.You must speak so thatthey can hear you---loudly enough and clearly enough but without trying toshout or appearing to force yourself.
Remember,too,that it is the same if you are calledto an interview whether it is with a professor of your school or a governmentofficial who might meet you.The person you are seeingwill try to put you at your ease but the situation is somewhat different fromthat of a ordinary conversation.You must take special carethat you can be heard.
1.When you speak to theclass,you should speak ______.
A.as slowly as possible B.in a low voice C.loudly D.forcefully
2.Usually,when you speak to the class,the class is _______.
A.noisy B.quiet C.having a rest D.serious
3 The situation in the class is ______ that in yourhouse.
A.not very different from B.sometimes the same as
C.sometimes not the same as D.not the same as
4.If you are having aconversation with an official,the most important thingfor you is ______.
A.to show your ability B.to be very gentle
C.to make sure that you can be heard D.to put the official at ease
5.The main idea of thispassage is ______.
A.that we should talk indifferent ways in different situations
B.that we must speak loudly
C.that we must keep silent at any time
D.that we must talk with the class
Passage 3
About21,000 young people in 17 Americanstates do not attend classes in school buildings.
Instead,they receive their elementary and high school ecation by working athome on computers.The Center for EcationReform says the United States has 67 public 「cyberschools.」 and that is about twice as many as two years ago.
The money for students to attend a cyberschoolcomes from the governments of the states where they live.Some ecators say cyberschools receive money that should supporttraditional public schools.They also say it isdifficult to know if students are learning well.
Other ecators praise this new form of ecation for letting studentswork at their own speed.These people saycyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditionalschools.They say learning at home by computerends long bus rides for children who live far from school.
Whatever the judgement of cyberschools,they are getting more andmore popular.For example,a new cyberschool called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take instudents this fall.It will serve children inthe state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen.
Children get free equipment for their online ecation.This includes a computer,a printer,books and technical services.Parents and students talkwith teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers whennecessary.
Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another.But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania CyberCharter School recently met for the first time.They were guests of honorat their graation.
1.What do we know from thetext about students of a cyberschool?
A.They have to take long bus rides toschool.
B.They study at home rather than inclassrooms.
C.They receive money from traditionalpublic schools.
D.They do well in traditional schoolprograms.
2.What is a problem withcyberschools?
A.Their equipment costs a lot of money.
B.They get little support from thestate government.
C.It is hard to know students' progressin learning.
D.The students find it hard to makefriends.
3.Cyberschools are gettingpopular became _______.
A.they are less expensivefor students
B.their students can work at their own speed
C.their graates are moresuccessful in society
D.they serve students in a wider age range
4.We can infer that theauthor of the text is _______.
A.unprejudiced in hisdescription of cyberschools
B.excited about the future ofcyberschools
C.doubtful about the qualityof cyberschoois
D.disappointed at the development ofcyberschools
❺ 高三英語閱讀理解四篇,求准確
這個的話還是要自己動腦不要起來靠別人
❻ 高考英語閱讀理解帶翻譯的書,不要太難的
平時訓練應該比高考難一點,這樣把握大一些。建議<<英語廣場>>,它還可以免費下載聽力。這是針對中低級學習者的。
我考前用了一年,成績從一百零幾進步到今年六月一百三,推薦給你。
❼ 做高三英語閱讀理解
等等明天,今天姐姐要早睡