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中考英語語境中理解閱讀

發布時間: 2021-02-23 06:15:23

『壹』 中考英語的閱讀理解的題型和文章類型有哪些

環球教育老師為雅思考生們總結雅思閱讀備考技巧如下,希望對您的備考有所幫助~

不知道以上內容能否對您的雅思備考有些許幫助,如有雅思備考相關問題可以隨時在線咨詢我們的環球教育老師~~第一時間為您制定計劃解答疑問,希望同學們都可以取得理想的雅思分數~

環球教育秉持教育成就未來的理念,專注於為中國學子提供優質的出國語言培訓及配套服務。環球教育在教學中採用「九步閉環法」,幫助學生快速提升學習效能,同時提供優質的課後服務,跟進學生學習進程,為優質教學提供堅強的保障。目前,環球教育北京學校已構建了包含語言培訓、出國咨詢、國際課程、游學考察、在線課程等在內的一站式服務教育生態圈。相關問題可在線免費咨詢,或撥打免費熱線400-616-8800~~

『貳』 中考英語:如何推斷作者意圖做好閱讀題

首先,要把握和圍繞命題趨勢,搞好總復習。
從近幾年來的情況看,中考試題中閱讀理解的內容和體裁越來越豐富。內容涉及社會文化、風俗習慣、歷史、地理、政治經濟、科學技術、醫療教育、幽默小故事等,體裁形式也是多樣的。對此,同學們復習備考過程中,就必須做到全面練習,熟悉各種內容和體裁的不同特點,逐步掌握其有效的解題規律。
其次,要明確閱讀理解題的考察內容和形式。
概括地說,閱讀理解就是要考察學生的閱讀技能,包括理解和把握文章主題;了解具體的內容細節;猜測詞義技巧;歸納篇章大意;以及分析和推斷作者想要表達的觀點、意圖和態度等。考題通常從以下五個方面來設題:
(1)文章主題和中心大意的考察。主要考察學生對文章的理解程度,包括作者的寫作目的、中心思想及段落大意等。在這種形式下,考生只有讀懂全文,才能正確完成解題。
(2)內容細節的考察。主要考察學生在快速閱讀過程中,對具體信息點的掌握程度。
(3)確定文章標題的考察。主要是考察學生在宏觀層面上的抽象概括能力。
(4)推論性考察。主要是考察學生根據閱讀材料中所提供的信息,推斷出未知信息的能力。要求學生把已有信息作為已知條件,從中推斷出符合因果關系變化的未知結論。
(5)猜測詞義考察。主要是考察學生的詞彙量程度。這一點主要是建立在學生的長期積累基礎上的。
再次,要熟練掌握閱讀理解的解題方法和技巧。
針對不同內容和形式的考題,往往都有一些行之有效的解題方法和技巧。從考察內容的體裁上來說,故事類文章應該抓住人物、時間、地點和情節發展線索。科普類文章要以事實為中心進行思考,抓住事物的特徵、用途、相互關系等。圖表類短文常常是與我們日常生活密切聯系的內容,主要應該從兩方面入手,一是了解圖表的主要內容。二是推敲圖表中的語境或數字,找出它們之間的關聯關系和表達的含義。新聞類文章成為短文閱讀常考察的一個重要內容。閱讀這類文章時,頭腦中一定要帶著5個「W」(who、where、what、when、why)去進行。
從考察形式上來講,應對文章主題和中心大意考題時,尋找和發現文章主題句就是關鍵。這個主題句一般具有如下特點:①表達的意思比較概括。②句子結構簡單,大多數時候,不採用長句、難句的形式。③段落的其他句子必定是用來解釋或發揮主題句所表達的主題思想的。④主題句的位置除個別情況下是在文中的句子,大多數情況下,主題句往往是在段首和段尾。所以,在閱讀文章時,要特別注意文章的首段、首句和末句。
在應對細節考察題時,一定要遵循忠實原文的原則。這種形式的考題常常是直觀性問題,其正確答案都可以在閱讀材料中找到相應文字來驗證。
在確定文章標題的考題中,要正確領會全文的主題,從宏觀的層面把握文章的中心思想。從而加以分析、抽象和概括,排除似是而非的干擾項,選出最佳的答案。另外,標題的特點一般是省略冠詞,be動詞或定語的人稱代詞,並且多以短評或簡單句為主。
推論性考察題一般包括事實推斷、指代推斷、邏輯推斷和對作者意圖與觀點的推斷。常見的提問方式有:①The writer believes that ____.②From this passage we can guess ____.③The write suggests that ____。除了一般的事實題可直接從文中找出答案外,其他諸如對條件變化、因果關系以及作者意圖等較為深層的邏輯推斷題,則必須要建立在對全文的理解基礎上,通過文章所提供的線索,加以綜合分析,才能做出正確的推斷。
詞義猜測考察中,常見的提問方式有:①In this passage the underlined wor 「×」 means ____. ②The under lined word 「×」refers to ____. ③Here 「it」 means ____。猜測詞義時,可以從以下三個方面考慮:一是根據上下文已知部分進行邏輯上的推測。二是運用語法知識和構詞法進行分析。三是依據常識和生活經驗做出判斷。
最後,在備考和應考階段應當注意的幾個問題:
①要盡力擴大詞彙量,提高閱讀速度。
②要注意培養語意和詞義推測能力,把握好長句和難句。
③盡量選取不同體裁和內容的文章,熟悉各自不同的側重點,通過文章線索來分析和判斷作者的意圖和所表達的觀點。
④盡量了解和掌握英語國家的風俗習慣、風土人情,必須按照英語語言的表達方式來理解文章,排除我們自己語言習慣的干擾。

『叄』 中考英語閱讀理解究竟應該怎麼做

首先是語法,在你的語法達到一定層次之後,你就可以追求更多的變化了,比如回,用虛擬語氣句答型it is high time that we……代替常用的it is necessary that we should……,又如用倒裝句代替常見的平鋪直敘等,這樣可以增加你的語法亮點,讓已經有些麻木一直想睡覺的閱卷老師眼睛一亮,在你的試卷上多掃射一番!其次,是詞彙,我覺得,在你的語法達到基本不會出錯的程度上,作文便應該以詞彙取勝,因為在這個層次上,大家的語法都差不多,沒什麼變化,唯一有變化的就是你的詞彙!給你打個比方吧,很多想到「許多」就用many,但是你別忘了many a ;handsome;massive,innumerable,a multitude of ;很多人想到「專家」就寫expert,但很少人會想到specialist,很多人在想到「擅長」這詞,就寫be good at

『肆』 關於中考英語完形填空與閱讀理解

初三英語閱讀訓練
(1)
Once Einstein gave a lecture in many places in America. His driver always listened to him and knew the lecture so well that he was sure be could give it himself. So Einstein agreed that the driver gave the lecture him.
As nobody knew Einstein there, the driver gave the lecture for Einstein that evening. At first he was a bit afraid, but Einstein's smile made him feel better. He gave a good lecture and the people were quite pleased.
Then the driver started to leave and Einstein followed him without a word. When they got to the door, a man asked the driver a difficult question.
The driver said that the question was very easy, and told the man to ask his driver behind to answer it.
根據短文內容填空,每空限填一詞。(10分)
Einstein gave the (1) ______ lecture again and again. His driver (2) ______ to his lecture so many times (3) ______ he wanted to give it (4) ______. When Einstein knew it, he let the driver (5) ______ the lecture for him that night. The driver gave a (6) ______ lecture and the great scientist was quite pleased.
When they were (7) ______ the lecture room, a man asked the driver a question. To show (8) ______ easy the question was, the driver asked Einstein who followed him (9) ______ to answer it (10) ______ of him.
KEY: 1.same 2.listened 3.that 4.himself 5.give 6.good 7.leaving 8.how 9.quietly(behind) 10.instead
(2)
When you want to go shopping, decide how much money you can spend for new clothes. Think about the kind of clothes you really need. Then look for those clothes on sale(銷售).
There are labels(標簽)inside all new clothes. The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes. The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash by washing in cold water. The label on a coat may say "dry clan only." Washing may ruin(損壞)this coat. If you do as the directions(說明)say on the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best. Many clothes today must be dry cleaned. Dry cleaning is expensive. When buying new clothes, check(核實)to see if they will need to be dry cleaned. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.
You can save money if you buy clothes that are well made. Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Clothes that cost more money are not always better made. They do not always fit(合身)better. Sometime less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.
1.If you want to save money you can buy clothes that _____.
A. don't fit you B. don't last long
C. need to be dry cleaned D. can be washed
2.The label inside the clothes tell you______.
A. how to keep them looking their best
B. how to save money
C. whether they fit you or not
D. where to get them dry cleaned
3.The first thing for you to do before you buy clothes is ______.
A. to look for well-made clothes
B. to see how much money you can pay
C. to know how to wash them
D. to read the labels inside them
4.We learn from the reading that cheaper clothes ______.
A. are always worse made
B. must be dry cleaned
C. can not be washed
D. can sometimes fit you better
5.The best title(標題) for the reading should be ______.
A. Buying Less Expensive Clothes
B. Taking Enough Money When Shopping
C. Being a Clever Clothes Shopper
D. Choosing the Labels inside New Clothes
Keys: 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C
(3)
The English people like take-away food. The most popular food is fish and chips.They usually go to a fish and chip shop.They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place. At lunch time, many people eat take-away food in the park. Chinese takeaways are also very popular in England. People in the USA and Australia like Chinese take-away food, too. But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken.
根據短文內容判斷正(T)誤(F)。
1.People in England like fish and chips.
2.Fish and chips are the most popular food in China.
3.The English people often go to a fish and chip shop.
4.They put the food in paper bags.
5.They take the food only to their work place.
6.They never eat take-away food in the park.
7.Chinese takeaways are popular in England.
8.People in Australia don't like Chinese take-away food.
9.The most popular food in Australia is fried chicken.
10. Fried chicken is the most popular food in the USA.
根據短文內容,用Ⅱ欄中適當的詞語完成Ⅰ欄的內容。

11.Fish and chips are
12.The English people go to a fish and chip shop
13.People eat take-away food
14.People take the food home
15.The American people also like

A.in the park at lunch time.
B.Chinese take-away food.
C.the most popular take-away food in England.
D.or to their work place
E.to buy take-away food.
KEY: 1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.F 9.F 10.T 11.C 12.E 13.A 14.D 15.B

(4)
In 1620, about half the USA was covered by forests. Today the forests have almost gone. A lot of good land has gone with them, leaving only sand. China doesn't want to the USA's example. We're planting more and more trees. We've built the " Great Green Wall" of trees across northern part of our country.The Great Green Wall is 7,000 kilometres long, and between 400 and 1,700 kilometres wide. It will stop the wind from blowing the earth away. It will stop the sand from moving towards the rich farmland in the south. More "Great Green Walls" are needed. Trees must be grown all over the world. Great Green Walls will make the world better.
根據短文內容,選擇正確答案。
1.In 1620, about ______ the USA was covered by forests.
A.a third B.half C.two thirds D.a fourth
2.A lot of good land has gone with ______.
A.sand B.water C.wind D.forests
3.The Great Green Wall in China is ______ long.
A.7,000 kilometers B.1,700 kilometers C.7,000 meters D.400 kilometers
4.Trees must be grown in ______.
A.China B.the USA C.some countries D.every part of the world
5.______ will make the world better.
A.The Great Wall B.Tall buildings C.Great Green Walls D.Flowers and grass
KEY: 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.D 5.C
(5)
The students were having their chemistry(化學)class. Miss Li was telling the children what water was like. After that, she asked her students, 「What』s water?」No one spoke for a few minutes.Miss Li asked again,「Why don』t you answer my question?Didn』t I tell you what water is like?」
Just then a boy put up his hand and said,「Miss Li,you told us that water has no colour and no smell.But where to find such kind of water?The water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell.」Most of the children agreed With him.
「I』m sorry,children.」said the teacher,「Our water is getting dirtier and dirtier.That』s a problem.
1.The students were having their _______ class.
A.English B.Chinese
C.chemistry D.maths
2.Miss Li was telling the children what ______ was like.
A.water B.air
C.earth D.weather
3.A boy said,「The water in the river behind my house is always _______.」
A.white B.black
C.clean D.clear
4.Most of the children _______ the boy.
A.agreed with B.wrote to
C.heard from D.sent for
5.The water in the river has colour and smell because it is getting _______.
A.more and more B.less and less
C.cleaner and cleaner D.dirtier and dirtier
KEY: 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.D
(6)
「Cool」is a word with many meanings.Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold.As the world has changed,the word has had many different meaning.
「Cool」can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything.
When you see a famous car in the street,maybe you will say,「It』s cool.」You may think,「He』s so cool,」when you see your favourite footballer.
We all maximize(擴大) the meaning of「cool」.You can use it instead of many words such as 「new」 or 「surprising」.Here』s an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used.A teacher asked her students to write about the waterfall(瀑布)they had visited.On one student』s paper was Just the one sentence,「It』s so cool.Maybe he thought it was the best way to show what he saw and felt.
But the story also shows a scarcity(缺乏)of words.Without 「cool」,some people have no words to show the same meaning.So it is quite important to keep some credibility(可信性).Can you think of many other words that make your life as colourful as the word 「cool」? I can.And I think they are also very cool.
1.We know that the word「cool has had ________.
A.only one meaning B.no meanings
C.many different meanings D.the same meaning
2.In the passage,the word「express」means「________」.
A.see B.show C.know D.feel
3.If you are _______ something,you may say,「It』s cool.」
A.interested in B.angry about
C.afraid of D.unhappy with
4.The writer takes an example to show he is ________ the way the word is used.
A.pleased with B.strange to
C.worried about D.careful with
5.In the passage,the writer suggests(暗示)that the word 「cool」________.
A.can be used instead of many words
B.usually means something interesting
C.can make your life colourful
D.may not be as cool as it seems
KEY: 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D
(7)
A friend of mine named Paul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present.On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office,a street urchin was walking around the shining car.「Is this your car,Paul?」he asked.
Paul answered,「Yes,my brother gave it to me for Christmas.」The boy was surprised.「You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn』t cost you nothing?Boy,I wish…」He hesitated.
Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for.He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly.
「I wish,」the boy went on,「that I could be a brother like that.」Paul looked at the boy in surprise, then he said again, 「Would you like to take a ride in my car?」
「Oh yes,I』d love that.」
After a short ride,the boy turned and with his eyes shining,said,「Paul,would you mind driving in front of my house?」
Paul smiled a little.He thought he knew what the boy wanted.He wanted to show his neighbours that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again. 「Will you stop where those two steps are? the boy asked.
He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled brother. He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.
「There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn』t cost him a cent. And some day I』m going to give you one just like it…then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas windows that I』ve been trying to tell you about.」
Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began an unforgettable holiday ride.
註:urchin頑童 hesitate猶豫 neighbour鄰居 crippled殘疾 cent美分
1.The street urchin was very surprised when ________.
A.Paul received an expensive car
B.Paul told him about the car
C.he saw the shining car
D.he was walking around the car
2.From the story we can see the urchin ________.
A.wished to give his brother a car
B.wanted Paul』s brother to give him a car
C.wished he could have a brother like Paul』s
D.wished Paul could be a brother like that
3.The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house ________.
A.to show his neighbours the big car
B.to show he had a rich friend
C.to let his brother ride in the car
D.to tell his brother about his wish
4.We can infer(推斷)from the story that ________.
A.Paul couldn』t understand the urchin
B.the urchin had a deep love for his brother
C.the urchin wished to have a rich brother
D.the urchin』s wish came true in the end
5.The best name of the name story is _________.
A.A Christmas Present
B.A Street Urchin
C.A Brother Like That
D.An Unforgettable Holiday Ride
KEY: 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.C

(8)
Dreams
"Dreams (夢 ) may be more important than sleep. We all need to dream," some sci-entists say.
Dreams take up about one quarter of our sleeping time. People have several dreams each night. Dreams are like short films. They are usually in colour. Some dreams are like old films. They come to us over and over again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something. Dreaming may be a way of trying to find an answer.
Some people get new ideas about their work from dreams. They may have been thinking about their work all day. These thoughts can carry over into dreams.
Sometimes we wake up with a good feel-ing from a dream. But often we can't re-member the dream. Dreams can disappear (消失) quickly from memory (記憶).
Too much dreaming can be harmful (有害的). The more we sleep, the longer we dream. The mind is hard at work when we dream. That is why we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired.
1. It may be less important to sleep than to__.
A. think B. dream C. work D. study
2. Dreams and films are usually ____.
A. very long B. in colour C. about work D. very sad
3. Why do some people often dream about their work?
A. Because they are tired in the daytime.
B. Because they are not interested in their work.
C. Because they may be thinking about their work all day.
D. Because they have too much work to do.
4. The main idea of the story is that ____.
A. what dream is
B. people like to sleep
C. dreams are like films
D. we always remember dreams
[Key] 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. A

『伍』 中考英語短文閱讀怎樣才不能丟分

初中閱讀理解輔導:中考英語閱讀新題型丟分四頑症

中學階段英語試卷,篇幅最長的、最耗時間的、生詞最多的、單題分值最高的是什麼題型?相信答案已經很明顯了--閱讀。中考三篇文章,高考五篇文章,分別佔到總分值的約18.34% 和26.67%。就中考而言,今年北京中考更把原來的22分提高到24分,文章篇幅也有所加長。閱讀從某種意義上說,閱讀已經成為英語考試成績的一個風向標。因此談起閱讀,同學們是愛恨交織。

現在我們就來看看,為什麼我們會恨閱讀。

1, 單詞不認識。

很多人都有這種感覺,平時課本上的單詞自己都掌握了,為什麼遇到閱讀還是有很多看不懂呢?尤其考試有種題型,就是考單詞意思的。其它題目雖然不直接考,但也是與那些"生詞"有關的。

一般而言,這類問題被歸結為單詞量不夠。要解決這個問題,是不是就要多背單詞呢?單詞是要背,但是要背到要點上。中考大綱,英語的要求是1600字,初中生的閱讀要求是200,000字,高中生約300,000字。這些閱讀材料中的單詞必然是以大綱中的1600為主,而剩餘的,閱讀中允許的3%的生詞則是在英語約300,000的總單詞量中去選取。要想靠背誦完全解決生詞問題,從這里看似乎不大實際。這里我有一點想法,

第一,不是每個生詞都是必須看懂的。英語中有大量的詞總是大寫第一個字母的,而他們也大多屬於專有名詞,表示人名,地名,事件。如Adela、Manchester、NATO。遇到這類詞完全可以視若罔聞。

第二,有的詞是喬裝過的。學英語的人都知道,英語中有些詞通過前面或者後面加一些字母,就會變成另一個詞。如,regular--irregular, kind--kindness,前者通過加-ir變成起否定形式,後者通過在後面加-ness,變成了名詞。歸納起來,一般說前綴變詞義(如肯否定),後綴變詞性。只要記住這個原則,平時在學習是有意識的去檢驗,積累各種加前後綴的形式,你的單詞量將是以倍數增加

第三,有的詞是有"前科"的。就閱讀這個題型而言,有的詞是在文章中有提示的。英語寫作有個潛在的規則,詞語若非不得已,不要重復。這是同學們寫作時,老是告訴大家的話,而這也是,大家做的閱讀材料的作者在上學時,他的老師告訴他的話。秉承這個原則,我們可以在文章的結構平行出找到線索。或是反義詞,或是近義詞。根據文章的具體情況,同學們不難作出一個比較有針對性的選擇。

第四,有些詞是必學的。這里說得必學的就是,大綱要求的單詞(如初中的1600詞),平時做題總是遇到的單詞,生活中會經常遇到的單詞。這些詞是同學們發揮才智,施展所有做題技巧的基礎。在學這些單詞時,要做到,有方法、有計劃、有恆心。這里我提供一個自己覺得不錯的方法,單詞表上的詞分類,單獨把不會的列出來,分批背,不用太急,一天5個,一周五天,一天總復習,一天總默寫檢查。平時總是遇到又不認識的,用一本筆記本把他們都記下來,劃入單詞表計劃。生活中多觀察,新聞,公示語,商標都是提高英語詞彙的窗口。

2, 文章看不懂。

情況是這樣的,"單詞我都認識,文章說什麼我就是看不懂。"也許有的同學會這樣說。問題可能出在這里:

第一,單詞不是真的都認識。其實也不難理解,大家打開字典,會發現幾乎每一個單詞都不是只有一個釋義。有這樣問題的同學所說的認識,也許只是這些單詞的一個意思,有可能在文段中考查的是他的另一個意思。這類情況,我們稱為"熟詞生義"。要解決它,就把他當個生詞來處理就行了。唯一不同的是,同學們對這類詞的處理要跟注重在語境中理解,這樣才能更好的區分不同詞義。

第二,語法句式不熟。這個原因更普遍一些。閱讀中的句子有的是很長的,有的是很怪異的。長的可能是加了從句,(主語從句、賓語從句、定語從句、狀語從句)怪的則有可能是倒裝,懸垂修飾,插入語,這些語法點。解決這個就是要解決語法弱項,認真學好每個語法現象,多去用學過的語法去分析英語句子,久而久之就會很快的反應出是什麼語法現象了。

第三,沒看到重點。現在中學英語考試中的文章還是有規律的,他們基本上都是段首寫該段的中心,後面論述。文章則是第一段,最後一段容易提出作者的觀點。在處理好這些部分外,還要注意文段中表示轉折的句子,其標志詞常常是but,while,however, in spite of this等。

3, 文章看不完。

考試時時間總是過的太快,閱讀有經常是花時間最多的題型。在我自己上學過程中不管是平時的測驗,還是中考,高考,研究生考試中,交卷時總有同學還在忙著從閱讀沒做完的遺憾中醒來,匆忙的把答案寫在答題卡上。要是問起原因,得到的答案大多數都是,"閱讀花了太多時間。"提高閱讀速度大致有這樣幾條小建議:

第一,平時多讀,多讀好處有很多,如①考試時能夠不緊張,以平和的心態,正常的速度完成。②總結做題技巧,如定位法,上下文聯系法,排除法等。③提高反應速度,我們看到一個生詞需要花一定的時間去反應,當一個人經常見到某個詞時,他對這個詞的反應速度必定會很快。加入一個詞的反應時間能通過多讀縮短0.1秒,一篇文章會節省多少時間,一份試卷,有能節約多少時間呢?

第二,考試時少讀。考試時的閱讀如果歸類於平時練習的題型,它更側重泛讀。考試考察是同學們在規定時間內找到要求的信息的能力,不是復述文章細節的能力。那考試時讀什麼呢?大致有一下幾類:①中心句,中心段(首尾)②轉折句③問題中出現的詞,尤其是一些很有特點的詞如,專有名詞。在文段中快速找到相應詞語所在位置。問題的答案往往就在附近。也許這也像是一句老話那樣,"毒蛇出沒的地方,七步之內必有解葯。"

第三,平時多去積累不同題型的解決方法。如細節題--定位法,觀點題--中心句法。在考試中遇到題目,能夠對症下葯。

4, 題目做不對。

考試後,總會有同學說,"文章我都看懂了,怎麼還錯這么多呀?"這時候與其去懷疑答案的權威性,還不如靜下心好好分析一下,我真看懂了嗎?我看懂的是問題問的內容嗎?

1.如果沒真的看懂,是什麼原因,如果是上面三條之一,不妨試試上面的一些方法。

2.如果真看懂了,那麼看懂的是不是考卷要考察的內容呢?我們總會有這種心理,在看懂了一些不是很容易看懂的東西後,就很有成就感,就突然覺得這篇文章我理解了,然後就會在自己的理解和詮釋下答題。這時候是最容易出錯的,因為這時候我們已經不是在做客觀題,而是做主觀題。閱讀考查的是讀者對作者意圖的接受程度,這就要求同學們身於其中,有置於其外。不能有太多的發揮。

3.如果都不是,那麼就要問問自己題目看懂了嗎?考試有些題目稍不留心就會看錯,最常見的就是,According to the passage, which of the following satements is not true? 同學們在考場上很容易就看錯。

我們恨閱讀的原因大致就是這些了,如果我們能針對具體的問題解決他。相信大家都不會再想去恨一個題了吧?尤其當這個題還是考試中的重點,又能大家成為英語考試中的佼佼者時。希望我的一點小建議能夠對大家有點幫助!

『陸』 中考英語閱讀理解和完形填空的方法技巧

學習過程

一. 閱讀理解

閱讀理解:在中考中占的比重很大。閱讀理解能力屬於語言的領會技能。包括對書面語言的識別、理解、推理、判斷和快速記憶等幾個方面。不僅僅涉及到語音、語法、詞彙這些語言因素、還涉及到非語言因素,即:閱讀者對所學語言國家的社會和文化背景知識的掌握、對所讀材料內容的熟悉、個人經歷、生活常識、邏輯知識和語言修養等各方面。閱讀技巧之一是閱讀時要擴大視距。二是不要心讀或朗讀;三是要理解段落或文章的細節。四是要學會猜測詞義,五要理解中心思想。六要具備合理推理和判斷的能力。

初中階段閱讀題重點考查的內容是事實認定、詞語理解、數量計算,主要思想歸納等。而從考查方式來看,則以直接型、轉換型和歸納型的試題為主,需要依據文章事實和作者思路進行推理的題次之。

文章主旨和大意的考查。這類試題主要是考查對文章的理解程度,考查內容包括作者的寫作目的,文章的中心思想等內容。考生只有讀懂全文,才能選出正確答案。

細節和事實的考查。做此類試題一定要抓住事件發生的時間、地點、人物、發展過程和結局等環節,所選答案一定要符合原文,切不可望文生義。

詞義或句義的考查。這些詞句往往具有深層意義,要透過表層意義來理解深層意義,或根據句子的語法關系分析其含義,要反復琢磨,仔細推敲,弄清作者的真正意圖,從而選擇正確答案。遇到生詞,要根據上下文和一定的構詞法知識,如前綴、後綴來分析、判斷、猜測其詞形和含義。

結論或推論性考查。這類考題答案的選擇往往無所謂正確與錯誤之別,而是最佳與非最佳之別。因此,須讀懂通篇文章,弄懂作者的寫作要旨,按照文章的內容和邏輯關系,做出符合原文邏輯或主旨的結論或推論,才能選出最佳答案。

擬選題目考查。一篇文章究竟應加一個什麼樣的題目為最佳,主要取決於文章的內容,英語文章標題的特點一般多以短語或簡單句為主。選擇標題的一般標準是:一要切題,即能夠概括出全文的主旨;二要簡潔,即文字要簡單明了。

閱讀理解題型介紹

1. 選擇答案型閱讀理解

2. 判斷正誤型閱讀理解

3. 完成句子型閱讀理解

4. 回答問題型閱讀理解

閱讀理解解題指導:

1. 客觀信息題

所謂"客觀信息",是指在短文中客觀存在的事實,客觀信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。完成客觀信息題應注意以下三點:

(1)辨認事實,注意細節

(2)同義轉換,著重內涵

(3)把握數據,注意推算

在有關數據推算的試題中,根據短文所提供的數據進行必要的運算時所涉及的數學知識一般都比較簡單,關鍵在於理解原文。

2. 主觀判斷題

一般來說,這類問題都不可能直接從原文中找到答案,必須根據原文提供的有關信息,進行合理的推理和判斷才能回答。完成主觀判斷題能常應注意以下四點:

(1)運用常識,合理判斷

(2)根據情景,進行猜測

(3)利用情景,舉一反三

(4)縱觀全文,概括大意

3. 細節辨認題

文章的中心思想或主題是通過一系列的事實、細節來說明和支持的,要透徹地理解段落、文章的中心思想,就必須理解文章中的重要事實和細節。只有真正理解了全部細節,才能深刻地領悟大意,理解短文細節分下面三個步驟:

(1)首先找出文章或段落的中心思想。文章的中心思想主要體現在首句和尾句中,有時在文中的某一句話當中。

(2)尋找重要的事實與細節,不是所有的事實和細節都重要,那些與中心思想有關的事實和細節才重要。

(3)檢查已確定的事實與細節,看它們是否支持中心思想。如果這些事實與細節不能支持中心思想,就說明原來所確定的中心思想不明確或者這些事實和細節沒有找准。

屬於細節類的閱讀理解題一般只針對某個特定的細節,題型可以多種多樣,沒有固定模式。常見的設題方式有:

(1)Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

(2)All the following statements are not true except.

(3)Which of the following facts is not mentioned in the supporing details?

4. 詞彙障礙題

在中考閱讀題中,考生遇到的最大障礙往往有兩個:一是被已認識的單詞的某一熟知含義所誤導;二是被完全不認識的單詞的意思所阻礙,從而出現理解偏差或理解困難,影響閱讀的速度。其實解決這兩個困難的一個重要法寶是考生在心目中樹立起上下文觀念,用上下文去確定詞彙的含義。在閱讀解題時要注意從以下七個方面著手:

(1)根據定義或解釋、說明猜測生詞的詞義

在be,be called,call等判斷詞出現的判斷句中,可以根據已知部分,猜測生詞的含義。例如:

A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.

通過理解定語從句的意思,能猜出carpenter是"木匠"

(2)根據對比關系猜測生詞的詞義

在but,however,yet,otherwise,though這些表示意義轉折的連詞出現的句子中,其前後的詞有明顯的對比關系,根據已知的內容,通過這種對比關系,就很容易猜出生詞的詞義了。例如:

Though Tom's face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.

和clean意思相對的便是"骯臟的"了,因此可猜出句中grubby的意思是"骯臟的"

(3)通過因果關系猜測詞義

because, since與as是連接原因狀語從句的從屬連詞,so是連接表示結果的狀語從句的連詞,so...that與such...that中的that是連接結果狀語從句的。當這些信息詞出現在有生詞的句子中,通過因果關系,依據已知部分就能猜出生詞的詞義。例如:

She wanted the rdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.

根據because從句所講的意思,我們就可推測trim就是"修剪"之意

(4)根據生活常識猜測詞義

運用邏輯推理能力,自身的生活經驗及生活常識。再聯繫上下文能讀懂的部分,可以正確猜出詞義。例如:

Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold.

根據句子意思及生活經驗,wither表示"枯萎"

(5)根據同等關系猜測詞義

同等關系,指的是一個詞,一組詞或短語在句中作同一成分,而且它們的詞義都屬於同一范疇。明顯的標志是,這樣的片語或短語中間常常用並列連詞and或or來連接。例如:

At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy.

從"年齡42歲"以及與prime具有同等關系的full of energy可以猜出prime的意思是"盛年時期"。

(6)根據列舉的事例猜測詞義

You can take any of the periodicals: "The World of English"."Foreign Language Teaching in Schools", or "English Learning".

從後面列舉的例子中,可以猜出periodical是"期刊,雜志"的意思。

(7)根據構詞法知識猜測詞義

根據學過的構詞法知識,知道詞根和前綴或後綴的意義,就可猜出由它們組成的新詞詞義。例如:

The colors of Hawaii in Summer are unforgettable.

利用構詞法常識和我們已熟悉的詞forget,我們可以知道unforgettable就是"令人難忘的"意思。

閱讀理解解題步驟:

1. 瀏覽全文,捕捉信息。要求考生通過瀏覽全文,掌握其大意了解作者的觀點和寫作意圖。

2. 細讀思考題,分析信息。通讀(瀏覽全文)短文後,已對文章或段落大意有所了解再讀考題,對要捕捉的信息進行分析、推理,這樣便可先解答與主題思想有關的問題。

3. 復讀全文,抓住細節。帶著問題去復讀,可縮小復讀的范圍,更便於捕捉關鍵的信息。復讀時可邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標記,把有關的人物、事件、時間、地點、起因(即5W:who, what, when, where, why)劃出來。例如:凡逢人物就圈起來,看完一遍,有幾個圈就是幾個人,一目瞭然。經過這樣的處理,你對文章的內容和細節便清楚了,對其中矛盾的產生、發展和解決心裡就會有底了。

另外,在復讀全文時,還應特別注意首段或每一自然段的首句,以及結尾句。因為短文的首句和首段往往是作者要說明的對象或事件的起因;作者闡述自己的觀點或事件發生的時間、地點與人物的聯系。結尾句、段是事件的結論或作者表達的態度、意圖、目的等。這樣一來便容易抓住中心,為准確、快速地解題打下良好的基礎。

4. 解答問題,選定答案。對那些明顯的,有把握的題可以斷然圈定。遇到不會做的問題可暫時不做,把每個問題閱讀完畢,等會做的題已做完,然後再回頭做剩下的題目。在做題時,如果遇到困難,再重新查閱。這次重讀,要針對問題的要求,抓住重點,一次求得正確答案。

5. 再讀全文,核對答案。這是最後一步,也是重要的一步,不能疏忽。這一步驟要用全文的主題思想統率各考題,把我們在閱讀和答題時所得到的信息歸納整理一遍後重新再讀一遍短文檢查答案,看是否前後一致;意義和語言知識是否和原文相符;是否符合邏輯等。發現前後矛盾、遺漏要點等錯誤,要立即糾正。

要注意的是,改正原來選定的答案,一定要慎之又慎。一定要有充分的理由,才可改前答

『柒』 中考英語閱讀理解

1.審視標題,抓住中心
試題中有的文章有標題,有的沒有,擬題人是有所考慮的。標題是文章主題的高度凝聚。它能給我們啟發和想像,想像文章的內容和走向。這樣做有利於對文章的理解,能提高做題的效率。
2.瀏覽全文,掌握全貌
如果時間緊,至少要快速通讀全文,尤其是首兩段。再把標題和文章內容結合起來,這樣全文的梗概便一目瞭然了。
3.細讀題目,抓住要點
對整篇短文內容有了一定的了解後,要馬上看短文後的問題,帶著問題去選擇或判斷答案。要確定所需查找的信息范圍,並注意所查找信息的特點。例如:如果問題或選項涉及到人名、地名,就應該找首字母大寫的單詞;如果問題或選項涉及時間、日期、數字,就應該尋找具體的數據。另外還要注意試題難易,應暫時繞開那些少數較難的題目,先做最有把握、最熟悉的題目,也就是該類題可以直接或間接從文章中找到的。而對於那些要通過對文章歸納判斷、邏輯推理的題目,需要再對全文快速閱讀,仔細分析思考,反復比較、推敲選出正確答案。若文章短可先讀短文,後看文後題目;如果文章太長,你可以先把文章後面的問題看一遍,帶著問題去看文章。這樣可以幫助你去掉雜念,提高閱讀速度和解題的正確性。要善於找關鍵句,特別要注意文章的第一段和最後一段的頭一句話,往往就是關鍵句,可以幫助你掌握文章的全貌,理解文章的主題。此外,還應該細讀文章,因為有時的試題是考細節。可以邊讀邊用鉛筆做點標記,把有關的畫出來。凡逢人物就圈起來,看完一數,有幾個圈就是幾個人,一目瞭然。

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