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關於自然的中考英語閱讀理解

發布時間: 2021-02-24 23:42:58

A. 中考英語閱讀理解和完形填空的方法技巧

學習過程

一. 閱讀理解

閱讀理解:在中考中占的比重很大。閱讀理解能力屬於語言的領會技能。包括對書面語言的識別、理解、推理、判斷和快速記憶等幾個方面。不僅僅涉及到語音、語法、詞彙這些語言因素、還涉及到非語言因素,即:閱讀者對所學語言國家的社會和文化背景知識的掌握、對所讀材料內容的熟悉、個人經歷、生活常識、邏輯知識和語言修養等各方面。閱讀技巧之一是閱讀時要擴大視距。二是不要心讀或朗讀;三是要理解段落或文章的細節。四是要學會猜測詞義,五要理解中心思想。六要具備合理推理和判斷的能力。

初中階段閱讀題重點考查的內容是事實認定、詞語理解、數量計算,主要思想歸納等。而從考查方式來看,則以直接型、轉換型和歸納型的試題為主,需要依據文章事實和作者思路進行推理的題次之。

文章主旨和大意的考查。這類試題主要是考查對文章的理解程度,考查內容包括作者的寫作目的,文章的中心思想等內容。考生只有讀懂全文,才能選出正確答案。

細節和事實的考查。做此類試題一定要抓住事件發生的時間、地點、人物、發展過程和結局等環節,所選答案一定要符合原文,切不可望文生義。

詞義或句義的考查。這些詞句往往具有深層意義,要透過表層意義來理解深層意義,或根據句子的語法關系分析其含義,要反復琢磨,仔細推敲,弄清作者的真正意圖,從而選擇正確答案。遇到生詞,要根據上下文和一定的構詞法知識,如前綴、後綴來分析、判斷、猜測其詞形和含義。

結論或推論性考查。這類考題答案的選擇往往無所謂正確與錯誤之別,而是最佳與非最佳之別。因此,須讀懂通篇文章,弄懂作者的寫作要旨,按照文章的內容和邏輯關系,做出符合原文邏輯或主旨的結論或推論,才能選出最佳答案。

擬選題目考查。一篇文章究竟應加一個什麼樣的題目為最佳,主要取決於文章的內容,英語文章標題的特點一般多以短語或簡單句為主。選擇標題的一般標準是:一要切題,即能夠概括出全文的主旨;二要簡潔,即文字要簡單明了。

閱讀理解題型介紹

1. 選擇答案型閱讀理解

2. 判斷正誤型閱讀理解

3. 完成句子型閱讀理解

4. 回答問題型閱讀理解

閱讀理解解題指導:

1. 客觀信息題

所謂"客觀信息",是指在短文中客觀存在的事實,客觀信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。完成客觀信息題應注意以下三點:

(1)辨認事實,注意細節

(2)同義轉換,著重內涵

(3)把握數據,注意推算

在有關數據推算的試題中,根據短文所提供的數據進行必要的運算時所涉及的數學知識一般都比較簡單,關鍵在於理解原文。

2. 主觀判斷題

一般來說,這類問題都不可能直接從原文中找到答案,必須根據原文提供的有關信息,進行合理的推理和判斷才能回答。完成主觀判斷題能常應注意以下四點:

(1)運用常識,合理判斷

(2)根據情景,進行猜測

(3)利用情景,舉一反三

(4)縱觀全文,概括大意

3. 細節辨認題

文章的中心思想或主題是通過一系列的事實、細節來說明和支持的,要透徹地理解段落、文章的中心思想,就必須理解文章中的重要事實和細節。只有真正理解了全部細節,才能深刻地領悟大意,理解短文細節分下面三個步驟:

(1)首先找出文章或段落的中心思想。文章的中心思想主要體現在首句和尾句中,有時在文中的某一句話當中。

(2)尋找重要的事實與細節,不是所有的事實和細節都重要,那些與中心思想有關的事實和細節才重要。

(3)檢查已確定的事實與細節,看它們是否支持中心思想。如果這些事實與細節不能支持中心思想,就說明原來所確定的中心思想不明確或者這些事實和細節沒有找准。

屬於細節類的閱讀理解題一般只針對某個特定的細節,題型可以多種多樣,沒有固定模式。常見的設題方式有:

(1)Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

(2)All the following statements are not true except.

(3)Which of the following facts is not mentioned in the supporing details?

4. 詞彙障礙題

在中考閱讀題中,考生遇到的最大障礙往往有兩個:一是被已認識的單詞的某一熟知含義所誤導;二是被完全不認識的單詞的意思所阻礙,從而出現理解偏差或理解困難,影響閱讀的速度。其實解決這兩個困難的一個重要法寶是考生在心目中樹立起上下文觀念,用上下文去確定詞彙的含義。在閱讀解題時要注意從以下七個方面著手:

(1)根據定義或解釋、說明猜測生詞的詞義

在be,be called,call等判斷詞出現的判斷句中,可以根據已知部分,猜測生詞的含義。例如:

A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.

通過理解定語從句的意思,能猜出carpenter是"木匠"

(2)根據對比關系猜測生詞的詞義

在but,however,yet,otherwise,though這些表示意義轉折的連詞出現的句子中,其前後的詞有明顯的對比關系,根據已知的內容,通過這種對比關系,就很容易猜出生詞的詞義了。例如:

Though Tom's face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.

和clean意思相對的便是"骯臟的"了,因此可猜出句中grubby的意思是"骯臟的"

(3)通過因果關系猜測詞義

because, since與as是連接原因狀語從句的從屬連詞,so是連接表示結果的狀語從句的連詞,so...that與such...that中的that是連接結果狀語從句的。當這些信息詞出現在有生詞的句子中,通過因果關系,依據已知部分就能猜出生詞的詞義。例如:

She wanted the rdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.

根據because從句所講的意思,我們就可推測trim就是"修剪"之意

(4)根據生活常識猜測詞義

運用邏輯推理能力,自身的生活經驗及生活常識。再聯繫上下文能讀懂的部分,可以正確猜出詞義。例如:

Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold.

根據句子意思及生活經驗,wither表示"枯萎"

(5)根據同等關系猜測詞義

同等關系,指的是一個詞,一組詞或短語在句中作同一成分,而且它們的詞義都屬於同一范疇。明顯的標志是,這樣的片語或短語中間常常用並列連詞and或or來連接。例如:

At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy.

從"年齡42歲"以及與prime具有同等關系的full of energy可以猜出prime的意思是"盛年時期"。

(6)根據列舉的事例猜測詞義

You can take any of the periodicals: "The World of English"."Foreign Language Teaching in Schools", or "English Learning".

從後面列舉的例子中,可以猜出periodical是"期刊,雜志"的意思。

(7)根據構詞法知識猜測詞義

根據學過的構詞法知識,知道詞根和前綴或後綴的意義,就可猜出由它們組成的新詞詞義。例如:

The colors of Hawaii in Summer are unforgettable.

利用構詞法常識和我們已熟悉的詞forget,我們可以知道unforgettable就是"令人難忘的"意思。

閱讀理解解題步驟:

1. 瀏覽全文,捕捉信息。要求考生通過瀏覽全文,掌握其大意了解作者的觀點和寫作意圖。

2. 細讀思考題,分析信息。通讀(瀏覽全文)短文後,已對文章或段落大意有所了解再讀考題,對要捕捉的信息進行分析、推理,這樣便可先解答與主題思想有關的問題。

3. 復讀全文,抓住細節。帶著問題去復讀,可縮小復讀的范圍,更便於捕捉關鍵的信息。復讀時可邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標記,把有關的人物、事件、時間、地點、起因(即5W:who, what, when, where, why)劃出來。例如:凡逢人物就圈起來,看完一遍,有幾個圈就是幾個人,一目瞭然。經過這樣的處理,你對文章的內容和細節便清楚了,對其中矛盾的產生、發展和解決心裡就會有底了。

另外,在復讀全文時,還應特別注意首段或每一自然段的首句,以及結尾句。因為短文的首句和首段往往是作者要說明的對象或事件的起因;作者闡述自己的觀點或事件發生的時間、地點與人物的聯系。結尾句、段是事件的結論或作者表達的態度、意圖、目的等。這樣一來便容易抓住中心,為准確、快速地解題打下良好的基礎。

4. 解答問題,選定答案。對那些明顯的,有把握的題可以斷然圈定。遇到不會做的問題可暫時不做,把每個問題閱讀完畢,等會做的題已做完,然後再回頭做剩下的題目。在做題時,如果遇到困難,再重新查閱。這次重讀,要針對問題的要求,抓住重點,一次求得正確答案。

5. 再讀全文,核對答案。這是最後一步,也是重要的一步,不能疏忽。這一步驟要用全文的主題思想統率各考題,把我們在閱讀和答題時所得到的信息歸納整理一遍後重新再讀一遍短文檢查答案,看是否前後一致;意義和語言知識是否和原文相符;是否符合邏輯等。發現前後矛盾、遺漏要點等錯誤,要立即糾正。

要注意的是,改正原來選定的答案,一定要慎之又慎。一定要有充分的理由,才可改前答

B. 初中英語閱讀理解試題(含答案和解釋)

My summer hols wr CWOT. B4, we usd 2 go 2 NY 2C my bro, his CF & thr 3:-@ kids FTF ILNY, its gr8.
Can you understand this sentence? If you can't, don't feel too bad: neither could the middle school teacher in England who received this as homework. This is Netspeak: the language of computerized communication found on Internet or cellphones. To newcomers, it can look like a completely foreign language. So, what is the "translation" of the sentence above? My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we used to go to New York to see my brother, his girlfriend, and their three screaming kids face to face. I love New York; it's great.
Schoolteachers and parents say this new form of writing is harming(破壞)the English language. Increasing spelling and grammatical mistakes cxan be seen in students' writing. They fear the language could become corrupted(面目全非的).
Everyone should just relax, say linguists(語言學家). They believe Netspeak is in fact more of a good thing. David Crystal, from the University of Wales, argues that Netspeak and Internet create a new language use and the almost lost art of diary writing has been picked up again. Geoffrey Nunberg, from Stanford University, agrees. "People get better at writing by writing," he says, "Kids who are now doing text messaging, e-mail, and instant messages will write at least as well as, and possibly better than, their parents."
Linguist James Millroy says, for centuries, it is believed without exception that young people are harming the language. And you can bet your bottom dollar that when today's teenagers become tomorrow's parents, they too will think this way. Milroy argues that languages do not and cannot become "corrupted"; they simply change to meet the new needs.
However, Netspeakers do agree that it is important to teach young people how to speak and write Standard English. Cynthia McVey says, "I can understand Netspeak worries teachers and it's important that they get across to their pupils that text messaging is for fun, but that learning to write proper English is a must for their future."
Perhaps we should give teenagers a little more trust anyway. Erin, age 12, says, "I wouldn't use text language in my homework. Texting is just for fun"
1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To give an example of a foreign language.
B. To show an example of creative methods.
C. To express worries about using Netspeak.
D. To lead in the topic of Netspeak.
答案:D
【解析】在審題過程中請大家主語是main purpose而不是main idea ,第一段就一句話,而且是讓人咋看起開一頭霧水的句子,這樣的句子用在開頭,很明顯是為了引出下文。或者大家可以運用排除法文章主要對象是netspeak ,而A,B兩項沒有提到netspeak 故排除,又因為C選項在感情色彩上是負面,與原文感情色彩相違背,故答案選擇D。
2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Cynthia McVey points out teenagers can deal with Netspeak properly.
B. Geoffrey Nunberg believes Netspeakers can write Standard English.
C. David Crystal thinks Netspeak helps develop the habit of writing.
D. James Milroy says that language is changing and improving.
答案:C
【解析】本題為判斷正誤題,也叫做細節推斷題,解題方法依據選項中的人物專有名詞來定位找要點,A定位詞為CM在原文倒數第二個自然段出現,其中引號的句子中用了worries與答案中的properly相反,所以排除;B定位詞為GN和Standard English.文中出現Standard English.是在倒數第二個自然段與CM相關的信息,所以此選項為典型的張冠李戴;D選項為片面的誇大其辭,文章層面只能看到language is changing,而沒有任何細節提到improving,所以根據文章第四自然段可以推斷出C為正確選項。
3. The expression "bet your bottom dollar" in Paragraph 5 means ______.
A. be fairly sure B. be greatly surprised
C. think it a pity D. find it interesting
答案:A
【解析】本題為短語推斷題,解題方法結合上下文邏輯關系,上文提到年輕人會harming 語言,下文接著說當他們成為父母後,they too will think this way .他們也會這么想,那麼中間空出一定是強調,並凸顯出下文,那麼最滿足條件的解釋是A選項。
4. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. Netspeak: A Widely-Used Language on Internet
B. Is Netspeak Harming the English Language?
C. Is Netspeak Helpful in Language Learning?
D. Netspeak: Advantages and Disadvantages
答案:B
【解析】本題為主旨大意題,結合專家的觀點,既引號中的句子我們可以斷定,全文的中心思想是為了凸顯出netspeak的好,A 選項文章沒有凸顯出widely -used C 選項沒有重點提及到language learning D文章觀點很鮮明,並不是正反觀點的論證,故答案選擇B。

C. 中考英語的閱讀理解的題型和文章類型有哪些

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D. 中考英語閱讀題解題方法,技巧,注意事項。

一、閱讀理解題的解題技巧
1.如果文長題少,則可以略讀的方式先讀一遍,而後帶著問題去查閱,求得要找的答案。
2.如果文短題多,則應先仔細閱讀該短文,再去做題。遇到某個題答不上來時,可帶著該問題去查閱有關細節。
3.如果問題要求解答數字、人名、地名、時間等,則可直接用查閱的方法來尋求答案,也可先略讀而後查閱。
二、閱讀理解的三種閱讀策略
根據不同的閱讀目的,同學們應採用不同的閱讀策略,主要可使用的閱讀策略有快讀、跳讀和細讀。
1.快讀
即快速瀏覽文章,其目的在於了解文章的大意。快讀時注意力要高度集中,閱讀時可不必去記憶細節,遇到個別生詞及難句,均大致掃過,以求對全文總體意思有個了解。在快讀時,還要特別注意文章的首句、首段以及結束句、結束段,因為它們往往是對文章內容的概括,讀懂它們會有助於對文章大意的理解。
2.跳讀
即根據問題信息有選擇地閱讀文章的某些段落或某些句子,其目的在於加強閱讀的針對性、、節約閱瀆時間和提高閱讀效率。跳讀法尤其適合看了題目後帶著問題閱讀,即看了文章所設的題目後,帶著問題跳讀文章,以求找到答題依據。
3.細讀
即認真仔細地閱讀文章,目的在於弄清文章的各個細節,從而把握文章的細節內容、判斷推測文章的言外之意或對文中的內容作出合乎邏輯的推理判斷:細讀時若遇到生詞,要根據上下文的意思進行猜測;遇到難句,要根據自己學過的語法知識進行分析。同時,同學們要注意的是,在大多數情況下,需要細讀的不一定是整篇文章,而是文中的部分句子或段落。
三、閱讀理解題的解題步驟
1.通篇略讀,了解大意
閱讀理解的主旨是要求學生通過閱讀,理解文章大意。不管是短文、對話,還是圖表,都要先快速地通讀一遍,舍棄無關緊要的細節,全力捕捉全文的中心思想。弄清大意,特別要注意事情的起因、時間、地點、涉及的人物、結局。為便於快速查找,還可以邊閱讀邊做一些標記。
在閱讀過程中,目光要快速移動,千萬不要停頓或復視,要對准關鍵詞、句;同時要不斷地對內容作出預測,使大腦的邏輯思維、推理判斷貫穿於整個閱讀的始終。這樣就可以大幅度地節省閱讀時間,起到"會當凌絕頂,一覽眾山小"的效果,從而迅速而准確地抓住全文的大意。
2.細讀全文,注重關鍵詞句
針對題目中的問題細讀材料,可以縮小閱讀范圍,迅速找到與問題有關的信息,細讀與題目相關聯的詞、句、段。在這一過程中,對有關細節可放慢速度,精讀有關部分,一邊閱讀一邊歸納,加快做題速度,求得一次性正確的答案。
同學們在逐句的閱讀過程中,目光要瞄準短文中的實詞,尤其是名詞和動詞。同時抓住一些敏感的信息,如時間、地點、人物、事件、原因、結果以及某些詞彙、詞語等。一般說來,這些問題會在文章中有交代說明,運用查閱法是不難找到線索的。
3.分析信息,確定答案
很多閱讀理解題的答案一般都可直接在短文中找出,所以在閱讀時最好先看清楚下面的題目,記住其中的關鍵詞,然後再在閱讀時在文章中尋找這些關鍵詞,這樣題目的答案也就容易得出了。還有些題目的答案需要對文章中所給信息進行簡單的比較、計算、分析或歸納後才能得出,這就要求同學們在做題時要認真、仔細,要抓住文章所給的全部信息,准確理解文章意思,不能出現漏讀或誤瀆。
4.復讀全文,檢查答案這是最後一步,也是最重要的一步。答完題後要核對一下文章和答案,看前後是否一致,意義與語法是否與原文一致,是否合乎邏輯,一旦發現問題,要及時糾正。
四、走出閱讀誤區
(一)、在做閱讀理解題時應注意下面幾個方面:
1.有時遇到看不懂的難句,讀了幾遍仍然不懂,可作記號,暫時放下,等其他題全做完了再回來處理。千萬別停在這里冥思苦想,個別生詞不會,並不影響你答題。如果生詞和問題有關,可從上下文中猜出大意,所以不必驚慌,更不要放棄。
2.不要憑主觀印象答題。做題時一定要排除自身的生活經驗和已有的知識干擾,按文章實際反映的情況來選擇。
3.答題時不要草率,倉促定案。在未完全讀懂的情況下匆忙定案,往往會選錯。如果遇到尚未讀懂的地方,可放慢速度,聯繫上下文幫助理解。
(二)、在閱讀過程中應注意下面幾個方面:
1.採用默讀辦法,避免唇讀
一般來說,默讀速度大約要比說話的速度快兩倍,要提高閱讀速度,就必須克服嘴巴蠕動的習慣,養成默讀的習慣。
2.採用目視閱讀,不要指讀
同學們最常見的一種閱讀毛病是在閱讀時為了集中注意力,用手指、鉛筆或尺子等指著,一個單詞一個單詞地讀。這樣自然就減慢了閱讀速度。閱讀時,注意力應集中在閱讀內容上,而不是每個單詞上。
3.集中注意力,克服回視的習慣
閱讀時,遇到單詞或句子沒有看清楚或看不懂,再回過頭來看,這是自然的。但是,有時候即使沒有生詞和難句,因為不放心已讀過的詞句,還要回過頭來重讀,這就養成了回視的不良習慣。閱讀中要盡量避免回視,盡可能提高閱讀速度。
4.意群閱讀
有的同學閱讀時喜歡以單詞為單位,這樣的閱讀方式不但速度慢,而且也不利於對文章的全面理解。正確的做法是:以句子或意群為單位進行閱讀,這樣不僅可提高速度,而且有利於對文章的整體理解。

E. 中考英語完形填空和閱讀理解的文章選自哪裡

教研員的題庫里。。。。 不過你把前幾次調考文章好好琢磨一下,這都是中考出題人版出的卷子。指向性還是權蠻清楚的。比如說, 是多少詞的完形,是議論文還是敘事,是重點考察弄懂大意還是考察有些搭配等。 這幾套卷子都是寶貝啊。。 我把卷子都研究爛了。

F. 初三英語閱讀題(急!!!在線等....)

1.nature and the world around them. Knowledge about tools and farming
2. Usually, only the priests lived in the cities。The other people lived in small villages in the forests.
3.The Mayan Indians lived in Mexico for thousands of years before the Spanish arrived in the 1500s.
4.No one knows why this happened. They may have died from an infectious disease. They may have left because the soil could no longer grow crops.
5.Archaeologists are still trying to find the lost secrets of the Maya. They are still one of our greatest mysteries.
其實任務閱讀都可以在文中找答案,好比語文閱讀。我找的都是原文答案。
希望你可以滿意!

G. 談談中考英語閱讀重點考察學生哪些方面的能力

中考英語應該養成平時簡單英語閱讀為了達到行之有效地閱讀,你需要找一些內與你目前英語水平相容適應的閱讀材料。如果你閱讀我們平時所見的英語新聞或英語雜志,你可能會撞見難度大的詞彙,於是馬上泄氣。大可不必以極快的速度讀某篇文章。沒有人在追你。你完全可以按自己的節奏去閱讀。
你沒有必要理解每一個單詞,只需要抓住總體意思。讀完一篇文章後,可以告訴別人你對這篇文章的看法。每個人都有自己認為自然的閱讀節奏。有的人或許讀得快,但有一點必須記住:如果你不能理解你讀的內容,那麼快速是毫無意義的。l
洛基 英語 都培養學員以自己認為合理理解的速度閱讀英語文章。

H. 如何做初中英語閱讀理解

初中閱讀理解做題原則:揣摩段意、按題找文、直覺為先!

一、揣摩段意:形成閱讀後總結段落大意的習慣!閱讀理解的出題模式,不管會有多麼的刁鑽,但是有一點是永遠不會變的,那就是出題人也是必須先要熟讀原文以後才能巧妙的找到出題點,所以說按照出題人的思維方式,讀完以後一定是要自己先思考,比如讀完這一段,大概是講了個什麼意思,根據這個意思可以設置什麼問題,或者說在這一段里,哪一句最能體現本段的主旨大意,則會根據這一句來設置問題!

根據上述的出題思路,我們在日常的學習或者練習的過程中,要養成閱讀完即能提煉出整個段落的主旨大意的能力,只有這樣我們才能在讀完文章後就能立刻抓住重點的能力,這樣就能在第一時間抓住出題重點方向,從而按圖索驥,最起碼我們的思路不會走偏,那麼正答率也就確保了八成以上!


英語閱讀理解一定是一個循序漸進的過程,沒有人能夠一蹴而就,我們必須從源頭上抓起,從最基礎的知識抓起,一點一滴的接收,最終實現厚積薄發,實現英語成績的飛躍!

I. 初三英語閱讀題三篇,要答案,越短越好,一定要短

Mr. Lee was in bed and was trying to go to sleep when he heard the bell ring. He turned on the light and looked at his clock. It was twelve o'clock. "Who can it be at this time of night?" He thought. He decided to go and find out. So he got of bed, put on his dressing gown (浴袍) and went to the door. When he opened the door, there was nobody there. "That is very strange." Then he went back to his bedroom, took off his dressing gown, got back into bed ,turned off the light and tried to go to sleep.
few minutes later he heard the bell again. Mr. Lee jumped out of bed very quickly and rushed to the door. He opened it, but again he found no one there. He closed the door and tried not to feel angry. Then he saw a piece of paper on the floor. He picked it up. There were some words on it : "It is now after midnight(午夜), so it is April Fool's Day (禺人節) . April fool to you!"
"Oh , it was the English boy next door!" Mr. Lee exclaimed (驚叫) and almost smiled. He went back to bed and feel asleep at once. The bell did not ring again.
1. When did Mr. Lee go to bed?
He went to bed _______.
A. before twelve o'clock B. after twelve o'clock
C. when the bell rang D. when he saw the boy
2. Why did he rush to the door when he heard the bell ring the second time?
A. He wanted to open the door for the visitor
B. He wanted to find out who the visitor was.
C. He was afraid of the ring
D. He was waiting for someone.
3. From this passage, we learn that we can _______ on April Fool's Day.
A. say "Hello" to each other B. dance and sing at night
C. play jokes on each other D. send pressents to children
4. What did Mr. Lee think about the English boy?
He thought he _________.
A. was a good boy B. was friendly with him
C. shouldn't ring the bell at midnight D. did a dangerous thing just now
答案及解析:
1.A.此題是一道細節題,文章第一自然段的前三個句子就告訴了此題的答案。
2.B.文中有這樣的句子"Who can it be at this time of night?",此句說明Mr. Lee 很想知道是誰在午夜時來敲門。
3.C.此題是一道常識題,因為大家都知道在愚人節這天,人們可相互開玩笑。
4.B.英國男孩和Mr. Lee開玩笑,說明他把Mr. Lee看成朋友,所以答案是B。
In England recently three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop and waited . About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way . Someone shouted at them. The bus conctor came rushing down the stairs to see what all the trouble was about. The three foreigners seem all at sea and looked embarrassed (窘迫的 . No one had told them about the British custom (習慣)of lining up for a bus that the first person who arrives at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus .
Learning the language of a country isn't enough. If you want to have a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your host country. You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A visitor to India would do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table. The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. Also in India, you might see a man shaking his head at another to show that he doesn't agree. But in many parts of India a shake of the head means agreement. Nodding (點頭) your head when you are given a drink in Bulgaria will most probably leave you thirsty .
In that country, you shake your head to mean 'yes'- a nod means 'no' . At a meal in countries on the Arabic Peninsula, you will find that your glass is repeated refilled as soon as you drink up . If you think that you have had enough , you should take the cup or glasses in your hand and give it a little shake from side to side or place your hand over the top.
In Europe it quite usual to cross your legs when you are sitting talking to someone even at an important meeting. Doing this in Thailand, however, could bring about trouble . Also, you should try to avoid (避免)touching the head of an alt (成人) --it's just not done in Thailand .
1. The British people tried to push the three gentlemen out of the way, because the gentlemen _________ .
A. were foreigners B. didn't have tickets
C. made a loud noise D. didn't line up for the bus
2. According to the article, if you want to have a pleasant journey in a foreign country, you should _________.
A. learn the language of the country
B. understand the manners and customs of the country
C. have enough time and money
D. make friends with the people there
3. In India it is considered impolite ___________.
A. to use the right hand for passing food at table.
B. to pass food with the left hand.
C. to eat food with your hands.
D. to help yourself at table.
4. To cross one's legs at an important meeting in Europe is _______.
A. a common (平常的) habit
B. an important manner
C. a serious (嚴重的) trouble
D. a bad manner
5. The best title (題目) for this article is ________.
A. People's Everyday Life
B. Mind Your Manners
C. Shaking and Nodding Head
D. Taking a Bus in England
答案及解析:
1.D。這是一道句子理解題,也可以看成細節題。在第一自然段的最後,有這樣的句子: No one had told them about the British custom of lining up for a bus that the first person who arrives at a bus stop is the first person to get on the bus.從此句可知那三位先生並不知道在英國乘車的習慣,所以答案是D。
2. B。這是一道細節題。答案在第二自然段的第二個句子。
3.B。同第二題一樣,此題也是細節題。可在第二自然段直接找到答案。
4.A。單句理解題。最後一個自然段中有說:In Europe it is quite usual to cross your legs When you are sitting talking to someone even at an important meeting.這個句子的意思是:在歐洲,開會時翹二郎腿是很常見的。這說明許多人有這樣的習慣,所以答案應該是A。
5.B。通讀全文就會發現,只學習一門外語是不夠的,還要多了解該國的風俗習慣,否則就會遇到麻煩,所以答案是B。
Tom walked into a shop . It bad a sign outside : "Second-hand (舊的) clothes bought and sold . "He was carrying an old pair of trousers and asked the owner of the shop, "How much will you give me for these?" The man looked at them and then said: "Two dollars."
"What !" said Tom. "I had guessed they were worth at least five dollars."
"No," said the man, "they aren't worth a cent more than two dollars."
"Well," said Tom, taking two dollars out of his pocket. "Here's your money. These trousers were hanging outside your shop. The list price (標價)of them was six dollars and a half. But I thought that was too much money, so I wanted to find out how much they were really worth."
Then he walked out of the shop with the pair of trousers and disappeared before the shop owner could think of anything to say .
1. At first the owner of the shop thought that Tom __________ .
A. wanted to steal the trousers
B. wanted to sell the trousers
C. wanted to fool him
D. wanted to buy the trousers
2. The owner of the shop_______ for the old trousers .
A. would give Tom two dollars
B. would pay three dollars
C. would pay five dollars
D. would give Tom six dollars and a half
3. The shop owner insisted that the trousers were worth only two dollars because ____ .
A. he wanted to sell them cheaply (廉價地)
B. he wanted to buy them cheaply
C. he didn't like the trousers
D. they were old and dirty
4. In fact, the trousers _________.
A. were hanging inside the shop
B. were stolen by Tom from the shop
C. had been the shop owner's
D. had been Tom's
5. From the story we know that _________ cheaper than the list price.
A. the owner sold the trousers two dollars
B. Tom sold the trousers one dollar and a half
C. the owner bought the trousers three dollars
D. Tom bought the trousers four dollars and a half
答案及解析:
1.B.Tom拿著一條褲子並且問:"How much will you give me for these?"店主所以認為Tom是來賣褲子的,故答案是B。
2.A.此題是細節題,可在第一自然段的末尾找到答案。
3.B.店主當然想便宜地把褲子買下來。
4.C.從短文的倒數第二段可以了解到,褲子不是Tom的而是店主的。
5.D.褲子的標價是6.5美元,而Tom只給了店主2美元,所以答案應該是D。

J. 中考英語閱讀理解

1.審視標題,抓住中心
試題中有的文章有標題,有的沒有,擬題人是有所考慮的。標題是文章主題的高度凝聚。它能給我們啟發和想像,想像文章的內容和走向。這樣做有利於對文章的理解,能提高做題的效率。
2.瀏覽全文,掌握全貌
如果時間緊,至少要快速通讀全文,尤其是首兩段。再把標題和文章內容結合起來,這樣全文的梗概便一目瞭然了。
3.細讀題目,抓住要點
對整篇短文內容有了一定的了解後,要馬上看短文後的問題,帶著問題去選擇或判斷答案。要確定所需查找的信息范圍,並注意所查找信息的特點。例如:如果問題或選項涉及到人名、地名,就應該找首字母大寫的單詞;如果問題或選項涉及時間、日期、數字,就應該尋找具體的數據。另外還要注意試題難易,應暫時繞開那些少數較難的題目,先做最有把握、最熟悉的題目,也就是該類題可以直接或間接從文章中找到的。而對於那些要通過對文章歸納判斷、邏輯推理的題目,需要再對全文快速閱讀,仔細分析思考,反復比較、推敲選出正確答案。若文章短可先讀短文,後看文後題目;如果文章太長,你可以先把文章後面的問題看一遍,帶著問題去看文章。這樣可以幫助你去掉雜念,提高閱讀速度和解題的正確性。要善於找關鍵句,特別要注意文章的第一段和最後一段的頭一句話,往往就是關鍵句,可以幫助你掌握文章的全貌,理解文章的主題。此外,還應該細讀文章,因為有時的試題是考細節。可以邊讀邊用鉛筆做點標記,把有關的畫出來。凡逢人物就圈起來,看完一數,有幾個圈就是幾個人,一目瞭然。

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