留基委英語閱讀真題
⑴ 英語二2021年真題解析-閱讀3
Text 3
第1段
When Microsoft bought task management app Wunderlist and mobile calendar Sunrise in 2015,it picked two newcomers that were attracting considerable buzz in Silicon Valley.
當微軟在2015年收購任務管理應用Wunderlist和移動日歷Sunrise時，它選擇了兩個新成員，這兩個新成員在矽谷引起了相當大的反響。
Microsoft's own Office dominates the market for"proctivity"software,but the star-ups represented a new wave of technology designed from the ground up for the smartphone world.
微軟自己的Office主導著「生產力」軟體市場，但這些初創企業代表了一波為智能手機世界從頭開始設計的新技術。
第2段
Both apps,however,were later scrapped after Microsoft said it had used their best features in its own procts. 干擾項目出處
然而，這兩個應用程序後來都被廢棄了，因為微軟表示，它在自己的產品中使用了它們最好的功能。
♥Their teams of engines stayed on👀, making them two of the many"acqui-hires"that the biggest companies have used to feed their great hunger for tech talent。
他們的引擎團隊留下來了，使他們成為最大的公司用來滿足對技術人才的巨大需求的許多「人才並購」中的兩名。
31.What is true about Wunderlist and Sunrise after their acquisitions? 【判斷題】
對於他們的需求獲取，哪項是正確的？
[A] Their market values declined. 他們的市場價值正在下滑 ×無中生有
[B] Their engineers were retained. 他們的工程師被保留了下來。√ 原文替換：stayed on
[C] Their tech features improved.他們的技術特徵得到了改進 ×原文是微軟自己的產品技術用了最好
[D] Their procts were re-priced. 他們的產品重新定價 ×無中生有
答案∶B
第3段
♥To Microsoft's critics , the fates of Wunderlist and Sunrise are examples of a remorseless drive by Big Tech to 👁 chew up any innovative companies 👁 that lie in their path.
對微軟的批評者來說，Wunderlist和Sunrise的命運是大型科技公司無情打擊任何在其發展道路上存在的創新公司👁的例子。
"They bought the seedlings and closed them down,"complained Paul Amold a partner at San Francisco-based Switch Ventures, putting an end to businesses that might one day tum into competitors. Microsoft declined to comment.
總部位於舊金山的Switch Ventures的合夥人保羅•阿莫德(Paul Amold)抱怨道:「他們買下了這些幼苗，然後把它們關了。」這樣，可能有一天會變成競爭對手的企業就被終結了。 微軟拒絕置評。
32.Microsofts critics believe that the big tech companies tend to_____.
[A]exaggerate their proct quality 誇大產品質量
[B]treat new tech talent unfairly 不公平地對待新科技人才
[C] eliminate their potential competitions 排除潛在的競爭對手 原文替換：chew up any innovative companies 吃掉創新公司
[D] ignore public opinions 無視公眾意見
答案∶C
第4段
Like other start-up investors,Mr.Arnold's own business often depends on selling start-ups to larger tech companies,though he admits to mixed feelings about the result:"I think these things are good for me,if I put my selfish hat on. 👁But are they good for the American economy? I don't know."
和其他初創企業的投資者一樣，他說: 阿諾德自己的生意通常依賴於將初創企業出售給規模更大的科技公司，不過他承認，他對這樣做的結果有復雜的感受:「如果我戴上自私的帽子，我認為這些事情對我是有好處的。 但它們對美國經濟有好處嗎? 我不知道。」
33 .Paul Arnold is concerned that small acquisitions might 【推斷題】⭐⭐⭐⭐
[A] weaken big tech companies 削弱大型科技公司
[B] worse market competition 更糟糕的是市場競爭
[C]discourage start up investors 不鼓勵創業投資者
[D] harm the national economy 危害國民經濟 But are they good for the American economy?
答案∶D
第5段
The US Federal Trade Commission says it wants to find the answer to that question. (沒有對應選項，往下看）
This week, it asked the five most valuable US tech companies for information ab out their many small acquisitions over the past decade.
本周，該機構詢問了美國市值最高的5家科技公司，詢問它們在過去10年裡進行的許多小規模收購。
Although only are search project at this stage,the request has raised the prospect of regulators wading into early-stage tech markets that until now have been beyond their reach.
盡管目前還只是搜索項目，但這一要求增加了監管機構涉足早期科技市場的可能性，而迄今為止，監管機構還無法涉足這些市場。
34. The US Federal Trade Commission intends to _____.
[A] supervise start-ups' operations 監督初創公司的運營 原文只說調查，並沒有採取行動
[B] encourage research collaboration 鼓勵研究合作 × 無中生有 過度腦補 Although only are search project at this stage
[C] limit Big Tech's expansion 限制了大型科技公司的擴張 × 無中生有 過度腦補
[D] examine small acquisitions.檢查小規模收購 /對小規模收購進行調查
答案∶D
第6段
Given their combined market value of more than $5.5trillion, rifling through such small deals-many of them much less prominent than Wunderlist and Sunrise-might seem beside the point.
考慮到它們的總市值超過5.5萬億美元，瀏覽這些小交易(其中許多遠不如Wunderlist和sunrise那麼重要)可能顯得無關緊要。
❤Between them, the five biggest tech companies have spent an average of only S 3.4 billion a year on sub-SI billion acquisitions over the past five years— a drop in the ocean compared with their massive financial reserves, and the more than S 130 billion of venture capital that was invested in the US last year.
他們之間,五大科技公司花費了平均只有34億年代sub-SI十億收購過去五年下降海洋與大規模金融儲備相比,超過1300億的風險投資,去年在美國投資。
第7段
However, critics say the big companies use such deals to buy their most threatening potential competitors before their businesses have a chance to gain momentum,in some cases as part of a"buy and kill "tactic to simply close them down.
然而，批評人士表示，大公司利用此類交易，在自己的業務有機會獲得發展勢頭之前，收購最具威脅性的潛在競爭對手，在某些情況下，這是一種「買了就殺」(buy and kill)策略的一部分，目的只是讓它們倒閉。
35.For the five biggest tech companies , their small acquisitions have_____.
對於五家最大的科技公司來說，它們的小規模收購已經產生了什麼影響？
[A] raised few management challenges 提出了一些管理上的挑戰
[B] brought little financial pressure 幾乎沒有財政壓力
[C] Set an example for future deals 為未來的交易樹立榜樣
[D] generated considerable profits 產生可觀的利潤
答案∶ B
fate
talent
unfairly
eliminate
potential
innovative
supervise 監督
operations 運營
collaboration合作
expansion 膨脹
⑵ 英語專四考試閱讀加分試題訓練
As the merchant class expanded in the eighteenth?century North American Colonies, the silversmith and the coppersmith businesses rose to serve it. Only a few silversmiths were available in New York or Boston in the late seventeenth century, but in the eighteenth century they could be found in all major colonial cities. No other colonial artisans rivaled the silversmiths’ prestige. They handled the most expensive materials and possessed direct connections to prosperous colonial merchants. Their procts, primarily silver plates and bowls, reflected their exalted status and testified to their customers’ prominence. Silver stood as one of the surest ways to store wealth at a time before neighborhood banks existed. Unlike the silver coins from which they were made, silver articles were readily identifiable. Often formed to indivial specifications, they always carried the silversmith’s distinctive markings and consequently could be traced and retrieved. Customers generally secure the silver for the silver object they ordered. They saved coins, took them to smiths, and discussed the type of pieces they desired. Silversmiths complied with these requests by melting the money in a small furnace, adding a bit of copper to form a stronger alloy, and casting the alloy in rectangular blocks. They hammered these ingots to the appropriate thickness by hand, shaped them and pressed designs into them for adornment. Engraving was also done by hand. In addition to plates and bowls, some customers sought more intricate procts, such as silver teapots. These were made by shaping or casting parts separately and then soldering them together. Colonial coppersmithing also come of age in the early eighteenth century and prospered in northern cities. Copper’s ability to conct heat efficiently and to resist corrosion contributed to its attractiveness. But because it was expensive in colonial America, coppersmiths were never very numerous. Virtually all copper worked by Smiths was imported as sheets or obtained by recycling old copper goods. Copper was used for practical items, but it was not admired for its beauty. Coppersmiths employed it to fashion pots and kettles for the home. They shaped it in much the same manner as silver or melted it in a foundry with lead or tin. They also mixed it with zinc to make brass for maritime and scientific instruments.?
1.According to the passage, which of the following eighteenth century developments had strong impact on silversmiths? ?
A. A decrease in the cost of silver. ?
B. The invention of heat efficient furnaces. ?
C. The growing economic prosperity of colonial merchants. ?
D. The development of new tools used to shape silver. ?
2.In colonial America, where did silversmiths usually obtain the material to make silver articles? ?
A. From their own mines. ?
B. From importers. ?
C. From other silversmiths. ?
D. From customers.
3.The passage mentions all of the following as uses for copper in Colonial America EXCEPT ?______?.?
A. cooking pots ?
B. scientific instruments ?
C. musical instruments ?
D. maritime instruments
4.According to the passage, silversmiths and coppersmiths in colonial America were similar in which of the following ways? ?
A. The amount of social prestige they had.?
B. The way they shaped the metal they worked with. ?
C. The cost of the goods they made. ?
D. The practicality of the goods they made.
參考答案：
1. C) 根據文章第一句“As the merchant class expanded in the eighteenth?century North American Colonies,...”可知，隨著在十八世紀的北美殖民地商人階級膨脹起來，也就是說那時的商人財富有了很大的發展，銀匠銅匠們有機會發揮他們的.專長了，這與選項C正好相符。?
2. D) 根據文章第十四、五行“Customers generally secures …object they ordered. They saved coins, took them to smiths, and...”可知顧客要做銀器，首先要積攢銀幣，然後拿到銀匠處加工成他們想要的形狀。選項D“來自客戶”與之相符。
3. C) 文章末尾在提到銅的用途時惟獨沒有提到樂器。?
4. B) 根據文章倒數第四行“They shaped it in much the same manner as silver or melted it in a foundry with lead or tin.”可知銀匠和銅匠在銀器和銅器的塑型方式上是一樣的，故選項B為正確答案。
⑶ 英語二2017年真題-閱讀3-「gap year」的好處
Text 3
第1段
Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. 如今，在這個快速發展的世界裡，要求立即上大學的社會壓力越來越大，人們對大學的期望也越來越高，這往往導致學生們完全忽視了間隔年的可能性。
After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems 👁 silly to stay back a year, doesn』t it? And after going to school for 12 years,👁it doesn』t feel natural👁 to spend a year doing something that isn』t academic.畢竟，如果你認識的每個人都要在秋天上大學，那麼在上停留一年似乎很愚蠢，不是嗎? 在上學12年後，覺得花一年時間做一些與學術無關的事情並不自然。
第2段（作者觀點）
But while this may be true, it』s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years.
雖然這可能是真的，但這並不是一個足夠好的理由來譴責間隔年。 （作者觀點）
There』s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated 「race to the finish line,」 whether that be toward graate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits—in fact, it probably enhances it.不管是讀研究生、上醫學院還是從事高薪工作，人們總是擔心自己會落後於社會上的其他人。 但是，盡管存在普遍的誤解，間隔年並不會阻礙學術追求的成功——事實上，它可能會增強學術追求的成功。
31. One of the reasons for high-school graates not taking a gap year is that .（問的學生覺得哪裡不好）
[A] they think it academically misleading 他們認為這在學術上具有誤導性 ×無
[B] they have a lot of fun to expect in college 他們在大學里有很多樂趣 ×無
[C] it feels strange to do differently from others 和別人做不同的事感覺很奇怪
[D] it seems worthless to take off-campus courses 參加校外課程似乎毫無價值 ×無
【答案】[C] it feels strange to do differently from others
第3段
Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not.
來自美國和澳大利亞的研究表明，接受間隔年的學生通常比沒有接受間隔年的學生准備得更好，在大學里的表現也更好。
Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes —all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. 間隔年不是讓學生後退，而是通過讓他們為獨立、新的責任和環境變化做好准備，推動他們前進——這些都是一年級學生經常最掙扎的事情
Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.間隔年的經歷可以減輕適應大學和被扔到一個全新環境的打擊，讓你更容易專注於學業和活動，而不是適應錯誤。
32. Studies from the US and Australia imply（暗示） that taking a gap year helps _好
美國和澳大利亞的研究暗示，空檔年」有幫助XXX
[A] keep students from being unrealistic 讓學生不要不切實際 × 無
[B] lower risks in choosing careers 降低選擇職業的風險 × 無
[C] ease freshmen』s financial burdens 減輕新生的經濟負擔 × 無
[D] relieve freshmen of pressures 減輕新生的壓力
【答案】[D] relieve freshmen of pressures
33. The word 「acclimation」 (Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to .
[A] adaptation 適應
[B] application 申請 投入
[C] motivation 積極
[D] competition 競爭
【答案】[A] adaptation
第4段
If you』re not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices . 👁 如果你不相信花一年時間探索興趣的內在價值，那麼考慮一下它對未來學術選擇的經濟影響。
According to the National Center for Ecation Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. 根據國家教育統計中心的數據，近80%的大學生最終至少換過一次專業。
This isn』t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes.
這並不奇怪，因為基本的強制性高中課程讓學生對自己的理解很差，在申請大學時列出一個專業，但在上完大學課程後就會轉到另一個專業。
It』s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. 這未必是件壞事，但根據學校的情況，如果轉換得太晚，彌補學分的成本可能會很高。
At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. 例如，在波士頓學院(Boston College)，如果你要從另一個系轉到護理學院，你必須額外完成一年的學習。
Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.用間隔年一開始就把事情弄清楚可以幫助預防壓力，以後還能省錢。
34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them .
[A] avoid academic failures 避免學術失敗
[B] establish long-term goals 建立長期目標
[C] switch to another college 轉到另一所大學
[D] decide on the right major 選擇正確的專業 原文：financial impact on future academic choices
【答案】[D] decide on the right major
35. The most suitable title for this text would be .
[A] In Favor of the Gap Year 支持間隔年
[B] The ABCs of the Gap Year 間隔年的基本知識
[C] The Gap Year Comes Back 間隔年又回來了
[D] The Gap Year: A Dilemma 間隔年:進退兩難
【答案】[A] In Favor of the Gap Year
constant fear 持續的恐懼
perpetuated 長久
lucrative 賺大錢的
common misconceptions 普遍錯誤的想法
hinder 妨礙
blunders 錯誤
inherent value 原本價值
mandatory 強制
⑷ 英語二2021年真題解析-閱讀1
第1段：員工有必要接受「再培訓」。
1、"Reskilling" is something 【 that sounds like a buzzword】 but is actually a requirement { if we plan to have a future 【 in which a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind】} 。在培訓聽上去是一個流行語，但如果我們希望未來的員工不被時代拋棄的話，這實際上是一個必要條件 。——「再培訓」是員工進步的必要條件
2、 We know（that） {【we are moving into a period 】（where the jobs in demand will change rapidly）, as will the requirements of the jobs 【that remain】.}我們知道人們正在進入一個工作需求將發生迅速變化的時期，剩餘崗位的需求也會很快改變。 —— 工作需求正發生迅速變化。
as引導方式狀語，「就像」，後面倒裝。正常語序是the requirements of the jobs that remain will （change rapidly）
3、 ⭐ Research by the World Economic Forum finds that on average 42 per cent of the"core skills" within job roles will change by 2022. That is a very short timeline.
世界經濟論壇發現42%的核心技能，賦予的工作角色將要被改變。在2022年世界經濟論壇的研究發現，到2020年工作崗位中平均有42%的核心技能將發生改變。剩下的時間不多了。 ——通過世界經濟論壇佐證，「員工需要新的工作技能」
第2段：誰來為員工「再培訓」買單？
1、The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one.
這個問題誰來買單這個重塑技能是一個棘手的問題。
2、 ⭐ For indivial companies, the temptation is always to let go of workers 【whose skills are no longer in demand 】and replace them with those 【whose skills are.（省略 in demand） 】
對於個別公司來說，他們喜歡的做法總是拋棄那些技能不再有用的員工，取而代之的是那些具備符合要求技能的員工。
3、（轉折句）That does not always happen. 這也不經常發生。
4、 ⭐ AT&T is often given as the gold standard of a company 【 that decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire-and-hire strategy. 】
有的公司決定進行大規模再培訓項目，而非採取解僱和僱傭的策略。美國電話電報公司就經常被視作這類公司的典範。我們找到第2題關鍵詞，但是這個例子本身。例證題是要去找的外面去找第三句是轉折句，所以我們找第二句，第二句是跟第四句的反義。
5、Other companies had also pledged to create their own plans. 其他公司也承諾會制定自己的計劃。
6、When the skills mismatch is in the broader economy, though（轉折） ,the focus usually turns to government to handle.然而當技能不匹配的現象出現在更廣泛的經濟領域時，焦點常常會轉向政府，並由其處理。
7、 ⭐ Efforts in Canada and elsewhere have been arguably languid at best, and have given us a situation 【where we frequently hear of employers （begging for workers）】,even at times and in regions【 where unemployment is high】.可以這么說。加拿大和其他地方付出的努力，充其量還是不夠。含這也使我們經常聽到僱主央求招聘員工的情況發生，即使在失業率高的時期和地區也是如此。
languid表示「慵懶，慢悠悠」即努力不夠，這詞一般不認識考上下文。 and have givenus asituation，and 說明與上句並列意思基本一致，說明解決問題的努力（efforts）還不夠，要不怎會出現招工難？
第3段：高失業率下依然存在勞動力短缺現象
1、With the pandemic,unemployment is very high indeed.
隨著流行疾病失業的人確實越來越高卻確實非常高
2、In February,at 3.5 percent and 5.5 percent respectively,unemployment rates in Canada and United States were at generational lows and worker shortages were everywhere.
二月加拿大和美國的失業率分別為3.5%和5.5降到了代際低點，勞動力短缺的現象隨處可見。
3、As of May, those rates had spiked up to 13.3 per cent and 13.7 per cent,and although many worker shortages had disappeared, not all had done so.
截至五月，兩國失業率已經分別飆升到13%和13.7%，盡管許多工作的短缺情況消失了，但也並非所有行業都解決了這一問題。
4、 ⭐ In the medical field, to take an obvious example,the pandemic meant that there were still clear shortages of doctors, nurses and other medical personnel.
一個明顯的例子，就是在醫療領域，疫情的爆發意味著醫生護士和其他醫務人員仍存在著大量短缺。
第4段：開展再培訓的必要性
1、Of course,it is not like you can take and unemployed waiter and train him to be a doctor in a few weeks.
當然這並不是說你能在幾周之內把一個失業的服務員培訓他們成為一名醫生
2、But even if you cannot close that gap,may be you can close others,and doing so would be to the benefit of all concerned.
但即便不能填補這個空缺，也許還在其他方面，可以有所突破。這樣對所有的相關人員，都有好處。
3、 ⭐ That seems to be the case in Sweden: 【When forced to furlough 90 per cent of their cabin staff】 , Scandinavian Airlines decided to start up a short retraining program 【 that reskilled the laid-off workers to support hospital staff.】
瑞典似乎就有這樣的情況，90%的空乘人員被迫休假後，北歐航空決定啟動一項再培訓的項目，重新培訓這些失業的員工以支援醫院的工作。
4、The effort was a collective one and involved other companies as well as a Swedish university. 這是一次集體的行動，其他公司和一所瑞典的大學都參與到了其中。
21.Research by the World Economic Forum Suggests _____.世界經濟論壇的研究 表明 了？
[A] an urgent demand for new job skills （「既然42%要變」 ，那麼對新的工作技能迫切的需求）
[B] an increase in full-time employment 無中生有
[C] a steady growth of job opportunities 無中生有
[D]a controversy about the"core skills" 原文是 will change，並沒有說「爭議」
答案∶ A
22. AT&T is cited to show_____.【例證題找例外】文章引用at and t是為了證明？
[A] The characteristics of reskilling in programs 在培訓的項目特點 無中生有
[B] The importance of staff appraisal standards 員工評價標準的重要性 無中生有
[C] An immediate need for government support 干擾項出自第6句，though轉折了，故與A無關
[D]An alternative to the five-and-hire standards 解僱和僱傭策略之外的另一種選擇 good
答案∶D
23.Efforts to resolve the skills mismatch in Canada___. 細節題（稍難）
在加拿大解決技能不匹配問題 努力
[A] have appeared to be insufficient 似乎還不夠 注意題目問的是對「努力」的評價
[B] have driven labour costs up 抬高勞動力成本 無中生有
[C] have proved ti be inconsistent 被證明是矛盾的 無中生有
[D] have met with fierce opposition 遭到激烈反對 無中生有
答案∶A
24. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that there was_____.細節題（簡）
[A] a sign of economic recovery 暗示經濟復甦 無中生有
[B] a call for policy adjustment 一種對政策調整的呼籲 無中生有
[C] a change in hiring practices 一種招聘方式的改變 無中生有
[D] a lack of medical workers
答案∶D
25.Scandinavian Airlines decided to_____.細節題（易）
[A] create job vacancies for the unemployed 為失業者創造職位空缺。空缺不對，原文是給失業員工創造新的工作機會
[B] retrain their cabin staff for better services 前半句重新培訓對，後半句無中生有
[C] prepare their laid-off workers for other jobs 讓失業員工為其他工作做好准備
[D] finance their staffs' college ecation 為員工的大學教育提供資助 干擾項最後一句，原文是有一所大學參與這個項目，不是資助員工讀大學
答案∶C
forum論壇
let go of 釋放 放棄
massive 巨大
pledge 保證
arguably 按理
languid 慵懶
at best 最多充其量
Pendemic 流行病
spike 迅速增長
concerned 有關的
furlough 臨時解僱
collective 集體的
⑸ 考研英語2010真題第一篇閱讀里的一句,求翻譯.
原因：save to是個固定搭配的介詞短語，是除了的意思。按字面解釋，save表示僅限於的含義，和to連用，整個短語算是介詞成分。
一、his
1、含義：adj. 他的。pron. 他的。
2、用法：
直接源自古英語的he，意為他的。
He claims it was his idea.
他聲稱這是他的主意。
二、print
1、含義：v. 印刷；出版；列印；銘刻。n. 印刷字體；版畫；印刷；印記；印刷物；印花。adj. 印刷的。
2、用法：
print的基本意思可指印刷品，即印成的「圖畫，圖案，版畫等」或由底片印出的「照片」，是可數名詞。
print也可表示「印刷字體」，是不可數名詞。
How many copies shall we print from the negative?
用這張底片我們要印多少張相片?
三、body
1、含義：n. 身體；主體；正文；主要部分；屍體；軀體；團體。v. 賦…以形體。
2、用法：
body的基本意思是「身體」「軀體」「軀幹部」,強調的是人相對於soul, mind, spirit的軀體,而不是人或健康狀況,是可數名詞。
body表示「軀體」除用於人或動物外，還可用於車身、船身、機身、正文、主體等。
Alcoholic drink can have a bad effect on your body.
含酒精的飲料會對你身體有很壞的影響。
四、music
1、含義：n. 音樂；美妙的聲音；樂譜。
2、用法：
music是抽象名詞,不可數,可作「音樂,樂曲」解。泛指「音樂」時不與冠詞連用,特指「樂曲」時或music前有形容詞最高級修飾時,可與定冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等連用。「一首樂曲」是a piece of music,「幾首樂曲」是several pieces of music。
He is interested in music.
他對音樂有興趣。
五、save
1、含義：v. 救；節省；保存。n. 救援，救助。
2、用法：
save的基本意思是採取措施把人或動物從險境中解救出來或使其「脫離危險,免受損失」,可指從危險、災難、困難、錯誤中救起某人或拯救某人的性命,也可指人儲存金錢、食物、節省時間(以備自救)等,有時還可指人「保全面子、名聲」等。
Children should learn to save.
孩子們應學會儲蓄。
⑹ 2020年12月六級真題第二套仔細閱讀來源
2020年12月第二套英語六級翻譯為：港珠澳大橋
港珠澳大橋（Hong Kong- Zhuhai-Macau Bridge)全長55公里， 是我國一項不同尋常的工程壯舉。大橋將三個城市連接起來， 是世界上蟁長的跨海橋梁和隧道系統。
大橋將三個城市之間的 旅行時間從3小時縮短到30分鍾。這座跨度巨大的鋼筋混凝土 大橋充分證明中國有能力建造創紀錄的巨型建築。
它將助推區 域一體化，促進經濟增長。大橋是中國發展自己的大灣區總體 規劃的關鍵。中國希望將大灣區建成在技術創新和經濟繁榮上 能與舊金山、紐約和東京的灣區相媲美的地區！
參考譯文：
The 55-kilometre Hong Kong- Zhuhai-Macau Bridge is an ex?traordinary engineering. It is the world』 s longest sea-crossing transportation system combining bridges and tunnels, which joins the three cities of Hong Kong Zhuhai and Macao, cutting the travelling time among them from B hours to 30 minutes.The reinforced concrete bridge with huge spans fully not only proves that China has the ability to complete the record-breaking mega-construction, but also will enhance the regional integration and boost the economic growth.It plays a crucial role in the overall plan to develop China* s Great Bay Area, which China intends to turn into one rivaling those of San Francisco, New York and Tokyo in terms of technological innovation and economic prosperity.
接下來大家感受一下第二套英語六級真題的難度！
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2015-2022年6月六級真題及答案-電子版下載鏈接
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桃花先生
搬進新家一年之後，我在地下車庫買了個車位，車位緊靠著我這幢樓的電梯口。掛上車號牌，我心裡鬆了一口氣，終於不用每天再找車位。但是第一天，我的車位就被佔了。01下班回來，一輛黑色的奧迪大大咧咧地停在我的車位上。我心中郁悶不已，車位牌上這么明顯的「私人車位」看不到嗎？下車繞著黑色奧迪轉了一圈，車上並沒有司機留下的任何號碼。我兀自嘆了口氣，算了，估計是第一天，別人還不知道這個車位已經被賣掉。為了確保別人不再誤占我的車位，回家之後，我拿張 A4 紙寫上「車位已售，請勿停車」八個大字夾到黑色奧迪的擋風玻璃上。然後又拆了個鞋盒，在硬紙板上同樣寫上這幾個字，用繩掛在我的車位牌下面，紙板垂下來，只比人的頭頂高不了多少。我心想，這下總能注意到了吧。第二天是個雨天，我從超市采購了不少東西，特意早早地回到家，但是開到車庫位置，卻發現那輛黑色奧迪還占著我的車位。我按捺住火氣下車查看，昨天留的 A4 紙被丟在地上，奧迪車上還掛著水珠，分明是出去過又再次停進來。一股無名業火頓時直沖我的天靈蓋兒，我將車停在它前面打了挪車熱線。一會兒等車主下來，我倒要問問他，是不是不識字。但是我足足地等了二十分鍾，都沒有人下來挪車。我再次打通挪車熱線，向他們詢問情況。接線員告訴我，電話確實已經接通，我憋著怒氣向他們詢問車主的號碼，可是不管我怎麼軟磨硬泡，接線員都不肯泄露車主信息，只是連連向我道歉，並說會繼續聯系車主。他媽的，又不是你們的錯，你們道個屁歉!我又等了十分鍾，那個混蛋車主依舊不見人影，我只好打電話向物業投訴。等物業姍姍趕來的時候，我已經在車庫僵持等了四十分鍾。物業人員看到我快黑成碳的臉，先是禮貌性地向我表示歉意，但查過記錄之後卻告訴我，這輛並不是小區里的車，信息沒有登記，他們也無能為力。看來我昨天還是太客氣了。我一氣之下把車開走，去小區外買了根鏈條鎖，直接鎖住奧迪車的輪轂。等我折騰完這一切，又大包小包地將東西都提上樓到家的時候，我已經累得癱在沙發上。人累了之後，火氣反倒小下來。我想了想，萬一對方是真有什麼急事脫不開身，畢竟也算鄰居，留個情面。於是我又下樓，在奧迪車上留了張紙條，寫著我的電話號碼。出乎我的意料，直到第二天早上我都沒有接到任何電話。上班的時候，我特意到車位去看了一眼，黑色奧迪已經開走，鏈條鎖被剪斷丟在一邊。我估摸著這車主也是個嘴硬的傢伙，連著占我兩天車位不好意思再聯系我。可惜我花了十五塊錢買的鏈條鎖，不過算了，給他一個小小的警告，總該長點兒記性。當天晚上我回到車庫，果然車位上空空的，我以為這場小小的風波總算過去，但事實證明，我還是太天真了。02次日，我計劃去鄰市辦點事兒，快到高速口的時候，車子的胎壓卻忽然開始報警。我連忙靠邊停車查看，兩個後輪明顯地癟了一圈，估計是扎到了什麼東西。心中郁悶不已，我暗罵自己點兒背，左右張望之下，幸好邊上不遠就有個汽車修理店，我便勉強地開到那裡。老闆卸下我的輪子檢查一番，說有釘子扎進了輪胎，破口還算整齊，所以只要補胎就可以。我有些慶幸，這樣耽誤的時間不多，損失也不算大，但此時老闆卻幽幽地問了我一句：「你最近是不是得罪過什麼人？」我一下子懵了，平時我雖不算老好人，卻也不記得有跟人什麼交惡，他這話什麼意思？他見我一臉茫然的樣子，從地上撿起兩個形狀奇怪的釘子交給我：「這兩個釘子就是從你輪胎上取下來的，這東西，一般不會出現在路上。」我接過釘子，一看便明白了。那是兩個四條腿的黑色釘子，每條腿都以同樣的角度向外延伸，看起來就像暗器一樣。就算我從來沒見過這玩意兒，也不難猜出，它們十有八九是專用來扎車胎的。釘子大概長這樣。老闆證實了我的猜測，他說這東西叫三角釘，隨便扔在地上都保證能有一個角穩穩地朝上立著。以前有黑心的商家把這個丟在地上為增加生意，一紮一個准兒，後來被警察處理了幾次現在才不怎麼見著。他同時又說了句讓我膽戰心驚的話：「這東西如果在路上，一般先會扎到你的前輪，但你卻是後輪中招，況且你兩個輪子被扎的位置差不多，怕是在你停車的時候就有人把釘子撒在你車下。小夥子，你最近小心點兒吧。」我汗都快流下來了，原來不是我點兒背，是有人下黑手。如果再晚點兒發現，一旦開上高速，後果不堪設想。就算最好的結果，我的車在高速上等待救援，恐怕這一天時間也報差不多要報廢了。我立即想到占我車位的那個傢伙，除了他，還有誰有機會和動機干出這種下三濫的事兒？一邊後怕地起了冷汗，一邊恨得牙癢癢。我向公司請了假，安排別人替我出差辦事，自己則修完車掉頭回到車庫。果然，在我車位旁不起眼的角落，我又發現了幾枚這種釘子。03我當即聯系物業要求查看停車場里的監控，但是物業告訴我監控只對著樓道，並沒有拍到我車位的位置。我四下張望一圈，這地方果然沒有攝像頭，氣憤地向物業發火：「你們這也不行，那也沒有，怎麼保護我們這些業主的權益？」「買車位是為了讓自己方便，現在還沒幾天，我方便沒見著，卻天天跟吃了蒼蠅一樣，你們還想不想收物業費？」物業經理連連向我道歉，表示以後會加強巡邏管理，但說到最後，他還是建議我裝個地鎖，避免以後再發生類似的事情。我還在氣頭上，但冤有頭債有主，我也不想找物業撒氣，這件事，只能靠我自己來解決。我仔細地看了一圈車庫周圍，發現我車位正對面有個廢棄的燈箱，忽然有了主意。作為補償，我向物業討要燈箱的鑰匙。物業經理面露難色，他說這是業委會的資產，他們也沒有權利給個人使用。我分了他一根煙，壓著火氣跟他說：「兄弟，換作你是我，遇到這樣的混蛋你火不火？」他點了點頭：「其實我們也最討厭這種不守規矩的人，影響到你們，也給我們添麻煩，但是又真拿他們沒辦法，唉。」「不守規矩？這簡直是他媽的人渣。」我把今天的事情告訴他，他一臉震驚，都不知道說什麼好。「你放心，我只是在你這燈箱里裝個攝像頭，防止這人渣再干出格的事，不會影響到你們，公共場所也不涉及隱私，再說這還是我自己的車位。攝像頭的費用我自己出，你們不用管，行吧？」物業經理猶豫片刻，終於點頭答應。於是我從朋友地方搞了個攝像頭，裝在燈箱裡面，正對著我的車位。攝像頭連到我的手機，一旦有景物的變化就會將畫面發到我手機上報警。04做完這一切，我將車子特意停得遠遠的，把車位空出來，我就不信那個混蛋會不再占我的車位。但是等了幾天，雖然我每天不停地接到報警，大多都只是車子駛過。偶爾有其他車停進來，可車主一下車發現我「私人車位」的牌子，便又立即開走了。車位一直空著，那輛占我車位的黑色奧迪彷彿也就此不見了。那傢伙，真的轉性了？正在我漸漸地開始淡忘這事兒的時候，手機上的警報又響起來。我一看，一輛黑色的奧迪車駕輕就熟地停進我的車位。就是這輛車，一連佔了我兩次車位，還特意在我的車位撒釘子。我頓時手都開始抖起來，血氣上涌。果然混蛋就是混蛋，對他們來說只有零次和無數次，沒嘗到教訓，永遠不會知道後悔。我死死地盯著手機屏幕，車門打開，一個瘦瘦的中年男人，嘴裡斜叼著煙下了車，他抬頭看了下我的「私家車位」告示，沒有停步便上了樓。這個渣滓，一看就不是什麼好東西！我怒火中燒，腦子里盤算著幾種對付他的方法。我想過在他車下撒釘子，以彼之道還施彼身，也想過用車堵他，甚至想過帶兩個兄弟打他一頓，但都被我一一否決。車位是我的，他明顯不是這里的住戶，我明著跟他斗，還不知道他有什麼陰招。打架，這瘦子我不怵他，但看他那無賴樣兒肯定訛上我，打輸住院，打贏坐牢，那是愣頭青才乾的事兒。我要讓他付出代價，讓他知道這個世界總有對付混蛋的辦法。我一直注意著攝像頭的動靜，這瘦子上去兩個小時之後，又出現在車庫。跟他一起下來的還有個年輕女孩，這次我終於認出來，她是十二樓的住戶。我認得她倒不是因為有什麼交集，而是她家養了一隻大狗，卻從不牽繩。我們業主群里有人投訴過好幾次，甚至還有人說看到她的狗在電梯里撒尿。有一次我乘電梯正好碰到她們，大狗沖著我叫，我讓女孩把狗管牢點兒，她居然鄙視地白了我一眼，說我這么大個男人還怕狗。我在屏幕後面咬牙切齒，還是被我逮到了，果然不是一家人，不進一家門。看著這兩人，男人四十齣頭，女孩只有二十多歲，卻緊緊地貼在男人身旁，男人的手不老實地在她身後遊走，這兩人要是什麼正經關系，我他媽把手機給吃了。兩人在我的攝像頭前晃了一會兒，便鑽進車里開了出去。我趕緊把這部分內容保存下來，腦海里閃過一個主意，你敢對我下黑手，我也搞得你雞犬不寧。05晚上回家的時候，我發現黑色奧迪已經開回來又停在我的車位上，這次我沒有憤怒，反而冷冷一笑，將車停到了遠處。為了不顯得反常，也為了給他最後的機會，我還是在他的車上放了張紙條，說這是私人車位，佔位後果自負。第二天早上還沒出門，我的手機上已經傳來報警畫面。瘦子下樓後看到了紙條，不屑一顧地揉成一團扔到地上，還重重地吐了口痰。你扔我的紙條，還吐我的車位，好吧，我們走著瞧。我找到我們這幢樓的樓長，向他打聽十二樓的情況。說起十二樓，樓長就忍不住搖頭。原來樓長恰好也住十二樓，這個女孩正住他的對門，1202。「她是個租戶，好像還是哪個網上的主播，別看她長得漂漂亮亮的，公德可不是一般的差。她那隻狗，每天叫個不停，跟她說了幾次都不聽。樓道里全是她的垃圾，扔了也不收拾，弄得臭烘烘的。我提醒過她多次，她卻說自己付了清潔費，就該保潔員來清理，要是大家都不丟垃圾，還要保潔員干什麼。」樓長向我大倒苦水，看得出他每天水深火熱的，一點兒不比我好過，可偏偏又
⑺ 2019年英語六級閱讀理解試題庫及答案(11-12)
2019年英語六級閱讀理解裂飢試題庫及答案(11)
In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia, one scene shows an American newspaper reporter eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train. One of the looters, Chief Auda abu Tayi of the Howeitat clan, suddenly notices the camera and snatches it. "Am I in this?"賀謹 he asks, before smashing it open. To the dismayed reporter, Lawrence explains, "He thinks these things will steal his virtue. He thinks you're a kind of thief."
As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands, stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic. The "ignorant natives" may have had a point. When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts. But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. Up into the 1950s and 1960s, many ethnographers sought "pure" pictures of "primitive" cultures, routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress. They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties, often with little regard for veracity. Edward Curtis, the legendary photographer of North American Indians, for example, got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915--even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation.
These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated, primitive, and unchanging. For instance, National Geographic magazine'肆拍返s photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures. As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic, the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challenge white, middle-class American conventions. While dark-skinned women can be shown without tops, for example, white women's breasts are taboo. Photos that could unsettle or disturb, such as areas of the world torn asunder by war or famine, are discarded in favor of those that reassure, to conform with the society's stated pledge to present only "kindly" visions of foreign societies. The result, Lutz and Collins say, is the depiction of "an idealized and exotic world relatively free of pain or class conflict."
Lutz actually likes National Geographic a lot. She read the magazine as a child, and its lush imagery influenced her eventual choice of anthropology as a career. She just thinks that as people look at the photographs of other cultures, they should be alert to the choice of composition and images.
練習題
1. The main idea of the passage is ______________.
[A] Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners』 perception of the indigenous cultures and the Western values.
[B] There is a complicated relationship between the Western explorers and the primitive peoples.
[C] Popular magazines such as National Geographic should show pictures of the exotic and idealized worlds to maintain high sales.
[D] Anthropologists ask the natives to pose for their pictures, compromising the truthfulness of their pictures.
2. We can infer from the passage that early travelers to the native lands often _________.
[A] took pictures with the natives
[B] gave exaggerated accounts of the native lands
[C] ask for pictures from the natives
[D] gave the natives clocks and Western dresses
3. The author mentions the movie Lawrence of Arabia to ___________.
[A] show how people in the indigenous societies are portrayed by Westerners.
[B] illustrate how people from primitive societies see cameras as tools of black magic that steal their virtues.
[C] show how anthropologists portray untruthful pictures of native people.
[D] show the cruel and barbarian side of the native people.
4. 「But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back.」 In this sentence, the 「one [culture] that stares back」 refers to _______.
[A] the indigenous culture
[B] the Western culture
[C] the academic culture
[D] the news business culture
5. With which of the following statements would Cat
herine Lutz most probably agree?
[A] Reporters from the Western societies should routinely delete modern elements in pictures taken of the indigenous societies.
[B] The primitive cultures are inferior to the more advanced Western culture.
[C] The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies.
[D] People in the Western news business should try not to challenge the well-established white middle-class values.
答案及解析
1. 答案是[A] Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners』 perception of the indigenous cultures and the Western values.
解析：本文的主題是，西方的媒體，為了迎合西方讀者獵奇的心理，同時，為了不與西方讀者的中產階級價值觀發生沖突，在他們拍攝的照片中，並不是真正客觀公正地反映經濟發展水平較為落後的社會中人們的生活。他們經常有意刪除照片中反映西方文明烙印的成分，甚至擺布照片中的主人公，以描繪出一個西方讀者想像中的，經濟不發達的，有異域風情的，沒有痛苦和階級斗爭的經濟落後社會的畫面。他們甚至避免刊登那些反映飢荒，戰爭，災害的照片，以滿足西方媒體「只刊登外國社會美好一面的照片」的默契。
2. 答案是[B] gave exaggerated accounts of the native lands
解析：文章第二段說，When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts.可見早期到原始社會旅行回來的人往往對當地的情況誇大其詞。在照相機發明之後，科學家能更好地客觀反映那些遠方地區的真實情況。
3. 答案是[B] illustrate how people from primitive societies see cameras as tools of black magic that steal their virtues.
解析：文章的第一段介紹的是著名的1962年獲得7項奧斯卡大獎的電影《阿拉伯的勞倫斯》(導演：DAVID LEAN)中的一個片段。該電影本來與作者要講的題目並無直接關系。作者僅僅通過一個電影中描述的場景來說明一個論點。那就是比較原始，開化較晚的社會，那裡的人們對現代的文明，和從沒見過的現代文明的產物容易產生誤解。電影中的土著搶走了LAWRENCE的照相機，因為他懷疑，那從未見過的玩意兒會偷走他的「美好品德(VIRTUE)」。但是，作者在下文說，那些土著居民的擔心並非全無道理。因為西方的記者和學者們，為了描繪一個西方人心目中固有的土著社會(或者經濟發展欠發達社會)的形象，故意篡改照片，滿足西方讀者的好奇心，並且有意迎合西方中產階級的趣味。在短文中，作者有時候並不開宗明義，直奔主題，而是利用人們都熟悉的文化元素，例如詩歌，書籍，電影，歌曲等，引起讀者對其討論話題的興趣，然後再引入主題。並不是每一篇文章都會開門見山，讀者不應該把每篇文章的首尾句都當成對文章大意的總結。
4. 答案是[A] the indigenous culture
解析：But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back.本句是文章切入主題的重點句。考生應該格外注意在閱讀文章靠前部分出現的，以轉折詞(例如，HOWEVER， BUT，NEVERTHELESS， NONETHELESS等)開頭的句子。那往往是作者敘述傳統論點，或者普遍看法的關鍵地方。本句可以理解為：但是，在某些方面，人類學家拍攝的照片展現的與其說是那個盯視著照相機的(被拍攝的)文化，不如說是反映了拿著照相機的(西方)文化。作者暗示，照片反映了西方攝影者的偏見和對落後文化固有的看法，反映的是西方的價值觀，並不是完全真實客觀的那些不發達社會的寫照。這句話基本上是對文章中心意思的總結。如果對文章的主題有大致的認識，就不會將本題選錯。
5. 答案是[C] The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies.
解析：Catherine Lutz是文章中提到的1993年出版的READING NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC的作者之一。她們在書中寫道，《國家地理》雜志自從1888年創刊以來，就一直刊登那些不和美國中產階級白人的價值觀發生沖突的照片。照片中可以表現袒露胸部的黑色皮膚的婦女，但是白人婦女的胸部就是禁止刊登的對象。她們認為，這樣做的後果就是，在那些西方主流雜志中展現的，似乎是相對而言沒有痛苦的，也不存在階級斗爭的社會。因此答案C The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies(西方媒體並沒有展現落後地區的真實畫面)最能表現該作者的觀點。
2019年英語六級閱讀理解試題庫及答案(12)
The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately lenient reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination. Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, its prevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense and concepts with face validity.
There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend. It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients, colleagues, insurers, and government.
The behaviours under question are multifactorial in origin. There are familial, religious, and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school. For example, countries, cultures, and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are almost a norm. There are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is rampant; there are homes which imbue young people with high standards of ethical behaviour and others which leave ethical training to the harmful influence of television and the market place.
Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society. The selection proce
ss of medical students might be expected to favour candidates with integrity and positive ethical behaviour—if one had a reliable method for detecting such characteristics in advance. Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for imbuing future doctors with integrity and ethical sensitivity. Unfortunately there are troubling, if inconclusive, data that suggest that ring medical school the ethical behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve; indeed, moral development may actually stop or even regress.
The creation of a pervasive institutional culture of integrity is essential. It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example of integrity. Medical schools must make their institutional position and their expectations of students absolutely clear from day one. The development of a school's culture of integrity requires a partnership with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and nurturing. Moreover, the school's examination system and general treatment of students must be perceived as fair. Finally, the treatment of infractions must be firm, fair, transparent, and consistent.
練習題
1. What does the author say about cheating in medical schools?
[A] Extensive research has been done about this phenomenon.
[B] We have sufficient data to prove that prevention is feasible.
[C] We are safe to conclude that this phenomenon exists on a grand scale.
[D] Reliable data about the extent, prevention and management of the phenomenon is lacking.
2. According to the author, it is important to prevent cheating in medical schools because ____________.
[A] The medical profession is based on trust.
[B] There is zero tolerance of cheating in medicine.
[C] The medical profession depends on the government.
[D] Cheating exists extensively in medical schools.
3. What does the author say about the cause(s) of cheating?
[A] Family, culture and society play an active part.
[B] Bad school environment is the leading cause of student cheating.
[C] Parents are always to blame for their children』s cheating behaviour.
[D] Cheating exists primarily because students learn bad things from TV.
4. According to the author, what precautions should medical schools take to prevent students from cheating?
[A] Medical schools should establish a firm moral standard to weed out applicants with low integrity.
[B] Medical schools should make efforts to remedy the ills of a society.
[C] Medical schools should teach future doctors integrity and ethical values.
[D] There is nothing medical schools can do to improve the ethical behaviour of their students.
5. The author will probably agree with which of the following statements?
[A] Medical schools should make exams easier for the students to alleviate the fierce competition.
[B] Prominent figures in the medical institution should create a set of moral standards to be applied in medical schools.
[C] Medical students should play an active role in the creation and preservation of a culture of integrity.
[D] Those students who cheat in the exams should be instantly expelled from school.
答案及解析
1. 答案是[D] Reliable data about the extent, prevention and management of the phenomenon is lacking.
解析：文章第一段說，Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, its prevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense and concepts with face validity.可見，到目前為止，我們還不很了解醫學院作弊現象的嚴重程度，也不甚明了如何對該類現象進行預防和管理。既然目前所掌握的DATA是insufficient(不充足的)，那麼[A][B][C]所說的都不符合文章的原意，故均為錯誤選項。只有[D]的敘述正確。
2. 答案是[A] The medical profession is based on trust.
解析：作者在第二段說，人們一致認為，醫學的基礎就是誠信。在醫學院就作弊的學生通常比其他人更容易做出欺騙病人，同事，和政府的事情。因此，醫學以誠信為本的性質就決定了， 對醫學院的作弊行為應該堅決打擊。[B]項說的是打擊作弊行為的結果，而不是原因。[C]醫學依靠政府，[D]醫學院中作弊行為普遍存在，都不符合文章內容。
3. 答案是[A] Family, culture and society play an active part.
解析：[A]的內容符合文章的原意。作者在討論作弊現象的根源時，結論是，作弊現象存在，原因是多方面的。學生在上醫學院之前受到的家庭，社會和文化的熏陶在很大程度上決定他們是否會在考試中作弊。也就是選項[A]的內容。[B][C][D]的說法雖然都有道理，但是都過於絕對。學校的環境，家長的教育，電視的影響，雖然都起一定作用，但是都不能說是決定性的。Leading，always，primarily之類的用詞決定了它們都不是最佳選項。
4. 答案是[C] Medical schools should teach future doctors integrity and ethical values.
解析：[A]「醫學院應該確立明確道德標准，淘汰道德素質低下的申請者」是錯誤選項。因為文章談到如何甄別申請醫學院學生的道德素質的時候，作者用的是虛擬語氣have的過去式had(if one had a reliable method for detecting such characteristics in advance)：如果能有可靠的標准，能預先了解學生的道德水平，醫學院在錄取的時候應該照顧那些恪守道德准則的學生。可見目前並沒有這樣的標准可循。[B] Medical schools should make efforts to remedy the ills of a society.和文章的內容相反。因為文章明確地說Medical schools...cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society.[C]項錯，因為文章的本意是，醫學院的學生在學期間，道德素質不僅不會提高，而且可能下降(regress)。但是作者並沒有說，醫學院在提高學生素質方面無計可施，而是敦促學校採取相應措施，imbuing future doctors with integrity and ethical sensitivity，(增強未來的醫師們的道德感)。
5. 答案是[C] Medical students should play an active role in the creation and preservation of a culture of integrity.
解析：[C]項和文章最後一段的The development of a school's culture of integrity requires a partnership with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and nurturing相呼應。[A]錯，因為作者沒有建議醫(轉載自中國教育文摘http://www.edUzhai.net，請保留此標記。)學院應該降低考試難度。[B]的敘述不準確，因為作者的本意是醫學界的要人應該樹立楷模，而不是讓他們設定一套人人遵循的行規。[D]錯，作者僅提議醫學院對有違反道德准則學生的處罰應該是堅決，公正，透明和統一的。作者並沒有明確倡議一旦有作弊行為就將其開除出校。
⑻ 高中英語閱讀理解測試題(4)
高中英語閱讀理解測試題 篇5
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways：they provide him wood and other procts;they give him shade;and they help to prevent drought(乾旱)and floods.
Unfortunately，in many parts of the world，man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important.In his eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees，he has cut them down in large numbers Two thousand years ago，a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships，with which to gain itself an empire It gained the empire but，without its trees，its soil became bare and poor.When the empire fell to pieces，the country found itself faced by floods and starvation.
Even where a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees，it is difficult sometimes to make the people realize this.They cut down the trees but are too careless to plant and look after new trees So，unless the government has a good system of control，or can ecate the people，the forests slowly disappear
This does not only mean that there will be fewer trees.The results are even more serious：for where
there are trees，their roots break the soil up，allowing the rain to sink in， and also bind the soil.This prevents the soil from being washed away.But where there are no trees，the rainfalls on hard ground and flows away on the surface，and this causes floods and the rain carries away the rich topsoil in which crops grow When a11 the topsoil is gone.nothing remains but worthless desert.
41.Trees are useful to man mainly in three ways，the most important of which is that they can ____
A. keep him from the hot sunshine
B.enable him to build warships
C.make him draw quick profit from them
D .protect him from droughts and floods
42.It』s a great pity that ____
A.man is only interested in building empires
B.man is eager to profit from trees
C.man hasnt realized the importance of trees to him
D. man hasnt found out that he has lost all trees
43.Sooner or later the forests will disappear ______.
A. unless a country has a plenty supply of trees
B.unless people stop cutting down their trees
C.unless aIl people are taught the importance of planting trees
D.unless the government punishes those who cut trees instead of planting them
44.The word「bind」in Paragraph 5 means「____」
A.to wash away
B.to make wet
C.to make stay together
D.to improve
45. When there is a heavy rain.trees can help to prevent floods.as they can.
A.keep rain from falling down to soft ground
B，cause the soil to allow rainwater to sink in
C.prevent the soil from being washed away
D .make the topsoil stick together
答案：DCCCB
Passage 3
樹木對於人來說有3個重要益處：樹木給人類提供木材和其他產物;樹木可以讓人們乘涼;樹木可有效地防止旱澇災害。
可惜的是，在世界上許多地方，人類沒有認識到以上三個作用中，第三個是最重要的。人們急切於從樹木上快速的謀取利益，於是大量的砍伐森林。
兩千年之前，有一個富裕和強大的國家。為了建立帝國，砍倒了樹木來造戰艦。帝國建立了，但是，沒有樹木的土地變得荒蕪和貧瘠。當帝國四分五裂的時候，整個國家發覺自己面臨的是水災和飢荒。 就算在政府認識到足夠的樹木儲備的重要性時，有時卻很難讓人民也意識到這點。人們砍倒了樹木，卻疏於種植和照料樹苗。因此，除非政府建立一套體制來控制或者教育人們，否則森林就會漸漸消失。
森林的消失不僅僅意味著樹木的減少，還有更嚴重的後果。在有樹的地方，樹根不僅把土壤粉碎成小塊，便於雨水的滲入，還可以牢牢的抓住泥土，防止泥土被沖刷走。但是在沒有書的地方，雨水直接落在堅硬的地面，在土地表面流走。這不僅會導致洪水，雨水還會帶走莊稼賴於生長的肥沃的表層土。當所有的表層土被沖走之後，除了毫無價值的沙漠之外，什麼也沒有了。
高中英語閱讀理解測試題 篇6
The global population is living longer，and getting older，閱讀理解答案
The global population is living longer，and getting older，which presents new challenges. 「The question becomes：who will take care of everyone While people will always be the best caregivers for people，there just aren』t enough people. That』s where robot17教育網：ic technology can really make a difference,」 says Professor Maja Mataric at the University of Southern California.
Her group is developing robots to work with stroke (中風) patients and elderly people. The research team has found that people react well to a robot gym instructor，and seem to get less frustrated with it than with instructions given on a computer screen. The robot can act as a perfect trainer，with infinite(極大的) patience.
「People say things like 『I prefer this robot to my husband!Can I take it home』」 according to Professor Mataric. 「In fact there』s a really important point here. As we create these care giving technologies，we』re helping not only the people that need the care，but also the people caring for them. We can give them a break，and help them avoid burnout.」
People are going to have to like，and importantly trust robots before they welcome them into their homes，and several groups around the world are working on making it easier to communicate with them.
Much of human communication takes place through body language. Gestures， eye contact , and concepts of personal space are all things that robots are being taught. In learning about how people interact(互動) with machines，researchers are also discovering new roles for robots in our lives. Robots can communicate with humans in ways that other technologies can not.
「If someone finds the robot to be more persuasive and more reliable，that』s going to affect how they interact with it,」 says Dr Cynthia Breazeal, director of the Personal Robots Group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 「We can now start to think about fields where it』s the social interaction，which is the main means by which a robot helps someone.」 Dr Breazeal says that means robots could be used in ecation，learning，and health care，where social support is important.
9.Professor Maja Mataric mainly focused on robots』 function of ________.
A.teaching B.exploring
C.making things D.giving care
10.Why can robots be wonderful trainers in the gym
A.Because they are more clever.
B.Because they give correct instructions.
C.Because they cost less money.
D.Because they are more patient.
11.The underlined word 「burnout」 in Paragraph 3 probably means 「________」.
A.feeling tired B.feeling angry
C.getting hurt D.becoming disappointed
12.The scientists are presently working hard to help robots .
A.to use less electricity B.to communicate better
C.to react more quickly D.to have more functions
答案解析：
【答案】
9.D
10.D
11.A
12.B
全球人口的壽命越來越長，年齡越來越大，這帶來了新的挑戰。「問題變成了：誰來照顧每一個人，而人們永遠是最好的照顧者，只是人太少了。這就是機器人的問題。」教育網：南加州大學的Maja Mataric教授說，IC技術真的能起到作用。
她的團隊正在開發用於治療中風的機器人(中風) 病人和老年人。研究團隊發現，人們對機器人健身教練的反應很好，而且似乎對機器人健身教練的失望程度比對電腦屏幕上給出的指令要低。該機器人可以作為一個完美的教練，具有無限的靈活性(極大的) 耐心
馬塔里克教授說：「人們會說『比起我的丈夫，我更喜歡這個機器人！我能把它帶回家嗎』。」。「事實上，這里有一個非常重要的觀點。當我們創造這些護理技術時，我們不僅幫助了需要護理的人，也幫助了護理他們的人。我們可以讓他們休息一下，幫助他們避免精疲力竭。」
人們在歡迎機器人進入自己的家之前，必須喜歡機器人，更重要的是要信任機器人。世界各地的幾個組織正在努力讓機器人更容易與它們溝通。
人類的大部分交流都是通過肢體語言進行的。手勢、眼神交流和個人空間的概念都是機器人學習的內容。了解人們如何互動(互動) 有了機器，研究人員也發現了機器人在我們生活中的新角色。機器人可以用其他技術無法實現的方式與人類通信。
麻省理工學院個人機器人小組主任辛西婭·布雷澤爾博士說：「如果有人發現機器人更具說服力、更可靠，這將影響他們與機器人的互動方式。」。「我們現在可以開始思考社會互動的領域，這是機器人幫助他人的主要方式。」布雷澤爾博士說，這意味著機器人可以用於教育、學習和醫療保健，而在這些領域，社會支持非常重要。
高中英語閱讀理解測試題 篇7
英語閱讀答案
Here』s something to think about the next time you ask your teacher for help：trying hard to do schoolwork on your own can help you learn.According to a recent study，the more you try while you are learning new information，the better you can remember it later.
This might surprise you.When teachers are presenting new information，they often give students lots of help.But a new study shows this may not be the best way to support learning.「Don』t be too quick to get help when learning something new，」ecation expert Ma Kapur said.「Try to work on it yourself even if it means trying different ways.』』
Kapur came up with the idea that trying hard can lead to better learning.Then he tested it out on students in Singapore.He separated students into two groups.In the first group，students were asked to solve math problems with the teacher』s help.In the second group，students were asked to solve the same problems by helping one another，instead of getting help from the teacher.
With the teacher』s help，students in the first group were able to find the correct answers.Students in the second group did not solve the problems correctly.But they did come up with a lot of good ideas.
The students were then tested on what they had 1earned.The group without any help from a teacher scored much higher than the group who had help.Kapur said working to find the answers helped students understand the process(過程)，not just the solution.
Kapur』s advice for kids is to put a 1ot of effort(努力)into learning something new rather than going to your teacher for help.「Simply doing a little work or nothing at all won』t work.」says Kapur.「Try to solve a problem in as many ways as possible.』』
13.What is the best title for the text
A.Work Your Mind
B.Practice Makes Perfect
C.The Best Way to Learn
D.Teachers』 Role in Schoolwork
14.Manu Kapur holds that _______ .
A.it』s necessary for students to ask for teachers』 help
B.students should try to solve problems by themselves
C.students with teachers』 help have more good ideas
D.students in the first group are cleverer than those in the second group
15.The author develops the text mainly by _________ .
A. presenting research findings
B. comparing different opinions
C. showing scientific information
D. setting down general rules
答案解析：
【答案】
13.A
14.B
15.A
下次你向老師求助時，有件事需要考慮：努力自學可以幫助你學習。根據最近的一項研究，你在學習新信息時嘗試得越多，你以後就能更好地記住它。
這可能會讓你大吃一驚。當老師在介紹新信息時，他們經常給學生很多幫助。但一項新的研究表明，這可能不是支持學習的最佳方式。教育專家馬卡普爾說：「學習新東西時，不要太快尋求幫助。」。「試著自己動手，即使這意味著嘗試不同的方式。」
卡普爾提出了努力學習可以帶來更好的學習的想法。然後他在新加坡的學生身上進行了測試。他把學生分成兩組。在第一組中，學生們被要求在老師的幫助下解決數學問題。在第二組中，學生們被要求通過互相幫助來解決同樣的問題，而不是從老師那裡得到幫助。
在老師的幫助下，第一組的學生能夠找到正確的答案。第二組的學生沒有正確地解決問題。但他們確實想出了很多好主意。
然後對學生們所學知識進行測試。沒有老師幫助的組比有老師幫助的組得分高得多。卡普爾說，努力尋找答案有助於學生理解這個過程(過程)，不僅僅是解決方案。
卡普爾給孩子們的建議是付出更多的努力(努力)學習新東西，而不是向老師尋求幫助。「簡單地做一點工作或什麼都不做是行不通的。」卡普爾說。「盡可能多地解決問題。」
⑼ 高中英語閱讀理解專題訓練
高中英語閱讀理解專題訓練
(廣東專版 每篇5小題)
(第9套)
第一節：閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，並在答題卡上將該項塗黑。
A(words:296&230)
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict(迷),” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled(皺的).” Today David wears casual clothes — khaki pants and a sports shirt — to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow. In the early 1990s,many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday(but only on Friday).This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing,” said business adviser Maisly Jones.?
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code. “A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more proctive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work. Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”
41.David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict” because ______________.
A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B. he couldn't stand a clean appearance
C. he wanted his clothes to look tidy and clean all the time
D. he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes
42. David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ______________.
A. they make him feel at ease when working
B. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes
C. he looks handsome in casual clothes
D. he no longer works for any company
43. According to this passage, which of the following is FALSE?
A. Many workers don’t like a conservative dress code.
B. Comfortable clothes make workers more proctive.
C. A casual clothes code is welcomed by young workers.
D. All the employers in the U.S. are for casual office wear.
44. According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.
B. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s.
C. “Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.
D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.
45. In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT ______________.
A. saving worker’s money
B. making workers more attractive
C. improving worker’s feeling
D. making workers happier
【答案與解析】 41—45 CADCB
41.C。推理判斷題。它後面一句話就是對該句的解釋,所以選C項。
42.A。細節理解題。從文中第一自然段後半部分可找出答案。
43.D。細節理解題。考查對文章信息的綜合理解能力。從第四自然段可知D項錯誤。
44.C。推理判斷題。考查對文章信息的綜合理解能力。從第三自然段可得出C項的結論。
45.B。主旨大意題。考查對文章信息的綜合概括能力。
B(words:379&177)
I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn’t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.
Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed(解散). As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (負責任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized(強調) the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating(欺騙) themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously(認真地) about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.
Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was ing answers from the girl’s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn’t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued(繼續) to believe that I had cheated on the test.
1. The story took place(發生) exactly ____________ .
A. in the teacher’s office B. in an exam room
C. in the school D. in the language lab
2. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because ____________ .
A. she had not brought a pen with her
B. she had lost her own on her way to school
C. there was something wrong with her own
D. her own had been taken away by someone
3. The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy ____________ .
A. to go on writing his paper
B. to stop whispering
C. to leave the room immediately
D. to stay behind after the exam
4. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were) ____________ .
A. honesty B. sense of ty C. seriousness D. all of the above
5. The boy knew everything ____________ .
A. the moment he was asked to stay behind
B. when the teacher started talking about honesty
C. only some time later
D. when he was walking out of the room
【答案及解析】
1. B。細節理解題。 故事發生在考試進行期間，故選B。
2.C。推理判斷題。由“She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write.”可知她的筆壞了。
3.D。細節理解題。 由“Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room…”可知考完試後，老師讓他留下(stay behind)。
4.A 。細節理解題。由“. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized(強調)…”可知老師反復強調的'就是cheat的反面誠實(honesty)。
5.C。推理判斷題。由最一段“Later on…”可知 。
C(words:265&286)
People in the United States honor their parents with two special days: Mother’s Day, on the second Sunday in May, and Father’s Day, on the third Sunday in June.
Mother’s Day was proclaimed a day for national observance by President Woodrow Wilson in 1915. Ann Jarvis from Grafton, West Virginia, had started the idea to have a day to honor mothers. She was the one who chose the second Sunday in May and also began the custom of wearing a carnation.
In 1909, Mrs. Dodd from Spokane, Washington, thought of the idea of a day to honor fathers. She wanted to honor her own father, William Smart. After her mother died, he had the responsibility of raising a family of five sons and a daughter. In 1910, the first Father’s Day was observed in Spokane. Senator Margaret Chase Smith helped to established Father’s Day as a national commemorative day, in 1972.
These days are set aside to show love and respect for parents. They raise their children and ecate them to be responsible citizens. They give love and care.
These two special days are celebrated in many different ways. On Mother’s Day people wear carnations. A red one symbolizes a living mother. A white one shows that the mother is dead.Many people attend religious services to honor parents. It is also a day when people whose parents are dead visit the cemetery. On these days families get together at home, as well as in restaurants. They often have outdoor barbecues for Father’s Day. These are days of fun and good feelings and memories.
51.According to the passage, which of the following about the second Sunday in May is not true ?
A.It is a day to show love to mothers
B.It is a day to wear carnations
C.It is a day for people to visit the cemetery
D.It is a day for many people to attend religious services
52.Choose the right time order of the following events.
a. The first Father’s Day was observed
b. Mother’s Day was proclaimed a day for national observance
c. Father’s Day became a day for national observance.
d. The idea of honoring fathers was bought up
A.a b c d B.d a b c C.b a c d D.d a c b
53.Who plays the most important role in Father’s Day becoming a national commemorative day?
A.Mrs. Do B.Margaret Chase Smith
C.Ann Jarvis D.Woodrow Wilson
54.From the passage, we know in the U.S ________________.
A.one should wear a red carnation if one’s mother pass away
B.on Mother’s Day, families often go out to have barbecues
C.on Father’s Day, people often stay at home to celebrate the special day.
D.The purpose to have these two special days is to show love to parents
55.The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to __________
A.call on people to love and respect their parents.
B.introce Mother’s Day and Father’s Day.
C.tell the difference between Mother’s Day and Father’s Day
D.show how important fathers and mothers are
【答案與解析】 51~55 CBBDB
這篇文章介紹母親節和父親節。美國人民以兩個特殊的日子向父母表示敬意,這便是每年五月第二個星期日的母親節和六月第三個星期日父親節。
51.C。細節理解題。解析：這個選項的說法不夠准確。
五月的第二個周日是母親節，在這一天有些父母逝世的人會去墓地看父母。
52.B。推理判斷題。解析：根據第二自然段及第三自然段關於母親節及父親節形 成的先後關系來判斷。
53.B。推理判斷題。 解析：從第三自然段最後一句話Senator Margaret Chase Smith
helped to established Father’s Day as a national commemorative day, in 1972. 看出：是參議員史
密斯於1972年幫助把父親節推廣為全國性節日的。
54.D。推理判斷題。解析：第一自然段就提到People in the United States honor their
parents with two special days: Mother’s Day’s, on the second Sunday in May, and Father’s Day,
on the third Sunday in June.表明美國人民以兩個特殊的日子向父母表示敬意,這便是每年五月
第二個星期日的母親節和六月第三個星期日父親節。
55.B。主旨大意題。解析：寫這篇文章的目的是介紹母親節和父親節。
⑽ 考研英語閱讀理解翻譯歷年真題
“I've never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from the cramped confines of his lab at Texas A&M University. “It's a stupid endeavor.” That's an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two calves and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy later this year—or perhaps not for another five years. It seems the reproctive system of man's best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.
Westhusin's experience with cloning animals leaves him vexed by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missyplicity project, using hundreds upon hundreds of canine eggs, the A&M team has proced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missy's DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses may be acceptable when you're dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.
Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin's phone at A&M College of Veterinary Medicine has been ringing busily. Cost is no obstacle for customers like Missy's mysterious owner, who wishes to remain unknown to protect his privacy. He's plopped down $3.7 million so far to fund the research because he wants a twin to carry on Missy?s fine qualities after she dies. But he knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy's owner and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clone differs from Missy.”
The fate of the dog samples will depend on Westhusin's work. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems. “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when we?re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?” [397 words]
6. Mr. Westhusin thinks cloning is dangerous because_____ .
[A] animals are tortured to death in the experiments
[B]the public has expressed strong disapproval
[C] too many lives are wasted for laboratory use
[D] cloning becomes a quest only for profit
7. What is the problem confronting the Missyplicity project?
[A] The client holds a suspicious view toward it.
[B] There is a lack of funds to support the research.
[C] The owner is unwilling to disclose the information.
[D] Cloning dogs is a difficult biological problem.
8. Which of the following is true about animal cloning?
[A]Few private cloning companies could afford it
[B]Few people have realized its significance.
[C] An exact of a cat or bull can be made.
[D] It is becoming a prosperous instry.
9. From the passage we can infer that _____.
[A] Mr. Westhusin is going to clone a dog soon
[B] scientists are pessimistic about human cloning
[C] human reproctive system has not been understood
[D] rich people are only interested in cloning animals
10. Mr. Westhusin seems to believe that cloning______.
[A] is stupid and should be abandoned [B] has been close to success
[C] should be taken cautiously [D] is now in a dilemma
>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<
核心詞彙
confines n. limits or borders范圍，界限;邊界 例：the confines of human knowledge 人類的知識范圍 / the confines of family life 家庭生活的范圍
超綱詞彙
aborted a. *① 流產的 ② 出問題的，出故障的
canine a. 犬的，犬科的
cramped a. 狹窄的，擁擠的 例：working in cramped conditions 在擁擠的環境里工作
embryo n. 胚胎
fetus n. 胎，胎兒
Missyplicity n.這是個臨時造的詞，是三個部分的合成：Missy指文中提到的那條狗密斯，
plicate意為“復制”，?ity為名詞後綴
plop vi.&vt.(使)撲通一聲落下 例：Can you plop some ice in my drink? 能在我的飲料中放點冰塊嗎? 文中是比喻用法，指“投入資金”
surrogate n.代理, 代理人,代用品 vt.使代理, 使代替;*surrogate mother 代理母體
veterinary a.獸醫的 例：veterinary medicine/science獸醫學
vexed a.*① 氣惱的，煩惱的 例：the vexed parents of an unruly teenager因孩子難管教而氣惱的父母 ②(問題等)爭論不休的，難於解決的 例：vexed question/issue棘手的問題
viably ad. ① 可實施地，切實可行地 *② 能存活地，能生長發育地
長難句分析
1. That's an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy.
該句主幹是That's an interesting choice of adjective。現在分詞短語coming from... 做後置定語，修飾前面的名詞choice，相當於一個定語從句(which is)coming from... ;在分詞短語中，定語從句who... 也做後置定語，修飾先行詞a man。
2. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems.
該句主幹是He knows that... 。that引導的賓語從句是一個主從復合句，且從句位於主句之前，主句是the offspring will face the problems... ;從句是讓步狀語從句：even if he gets a dog viably pregnant;should they survive是個省略了if的條件狀語從句，為插入語，修飾主句。另外，主句的賓語the problems後接有過去分詞短語shown... 做後置定語，相當於一個定義從句(that)are shown... ;冒號後的名詞短語做the problems的同位語。
語篇分析
本文題材涉及生物技術。作者從克隆動物這個角度間接論證克隆人的不可行性，主張應該慎重對待克隆人研究。它是一篇觀點論證型文章，按照“提出觀點—論證觀點—重申觀點”的脈絡展開論述，可分成三部分。
第一段為第一部分，提出觀點：克隆人是不可行的。
引用專家Mark Westhusin和一位試圖克隆其愛犬的富人的話(never met a human worth cloning，a stupid endeavor)表達作者的觀點。接著介紹Mark Westhusin所進行的克隆動物的實驗(two calves，a cat and a dog)，並特別指出對狗的克隆最具難度(one of the mysteries of modern science)。
第二、三段為第二部分，論證觀點。
第二段：指出Mark Westhusin克隆動物的經驗使他極力反對克隆人(vexed by talking of human cloning)。首句是段落主題句。段中詳細介紹了一個克隆狗的項目(the Missyplicity project)中出現的狀況：①從成百上千的卵中只獲得一打左右基因匹配的胚胎;②轉移到母體時沒有一個胚胎存活下來。從這些細節中可以推出，克隆是低效而且危險的。這在末句“Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous”得到了證實。該段最後還給出了Mark Westhusin的觀點：動物實驗中的浪費現象在人的研究中不能被接受。因此，該段將Mark Westhusin反對克隆人的態度表露無疑。