科技類高考英語閱讀真題
Ⅰ 2019年山西高考英語試卷試題及答案解析（WORD文字版）
2013年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試英語試卷難度適中，難度較去年穩中有升，延續以往高考英語的命題思路，梯度把握得比較好，符合2013年全國高考英語考試大綱的要求。不難看出，試卷依然重點考查考生對基礎知識的掌握和語言的綜合運用能力，試題命題原則、難度，能力測試取向，都與去年基本保持一致，只是考查得更細化了。各題型中規中矩，強調基礎、實用，對平時教學中的重難點知識做了全面考查，避免了偏、難、怪的現象，對高中英語教學起到良好的指導作用。
一、聽力理解
聽力選材多是學生熟悉的日常交際場景，基本沒有生僻詞語，語速較慢，側重考查考生在規定時間內對聽到的語料的反應能力和理解能力。聽力的干擾因素主要在於部分題目備選項在聽力原文材料中可聽到，迷惑性強，混淆較大，難以判斷。對於平時聽力訓練不夠的學生是個較大的挑戰。但因為今年聽力依然不計入總分，考生和家長都不會太在意，但從長遠來看，學生要加強對聽的重視程度，畢竟聽是聽、說、讀、寫中首要的語言能力。
二、單項選擇
單項填空考查的知識點比較全面，分布比較合理。考查了冠詞、非謂語動詞、情態動詞、介詞、連詞、形容詞、動詞、動詞短語詞義的辨析、時態、情景交際、省略和名詞性從句。非謂語動詞、時態和連詞(狀語從句)均考查了兩次，這三個語法點也是平時教學的重難點知識，但是對這三個語法點的考查方式比較簡單，易得分。對冠詞、介詞、情態動詞、省略和名詞性從句的考查雖中規中矩，但是需要考生對基礎知識掌握得非常扎實，否則也會失一到兩分，比如34題考查raceagainsttime的介賓搭配，是個很容易遺忘的知識點。學生失分題還有23題，考查動詞詞義辨析及一詞多義，這是學生的軟肋；30題考查動詞短語搭配，也是易混淆的片語，易失分。總體上來說，單選題有區分度。
三、完形填空
近幾年完形填空都選取富有思想性和教育性的語篇材料作為試題，能力測試的同時注重培養學生的情感，引發他們的思考。今年的語篇是一篇夾敘夾議的文章，從文體上來說和去年不同(去年是一篇說明文)，但是延續了2011年以前的出題風格；從內容上來說貼近生活，描述了作者的一次經歷，體驗殘疾人的生活及感想，考生易融入情境，入手容易。文章考點選項設計全面，以實詞為主，主要考查了動詞、形容詞、副詞、名詞、非謂語及句與句之間連接詞等，而且都是高頻詞彙，基本沒有生僻詞，且對上下文邏輯理解的考查貫穿始終，讀懂全文基本含義應該問題不大，但是個別細節之處需要細心揣摩語境，選出最佳答案，就有一定的難度，比如39題，很容易錯選成D項，這就是因為語境利用不當造成的。此外，考生還容易犯錯的就是近義詞辨析，如52題，direction、way、path都有道路、方向之意，在這篇文章的語境中選出最佳答案就有一定的難度。總體而言，完形填空想拿滿分不易，但也不會失分太多。
四、閱讀理解
今年閱讀理解的5篇文章選材地道，貼近生活實際，體裁多樣。在選材上繼續保持了知識性、趣味性強，信息量不是很大，語篇長度適中，題材與體裁廣泛的特點，彰顯文化特色，考查考生快速獲取、處理、分析信息的能力。
今年的5篇閱讀理解文章整體難度不大，學生答題情況應該比較好。
A篇：記敘文，夾敘夾議，描述作者的省錢之道，語篇易於理解。題目設置以細節題為主，57題、58題較容易，59題考查主旨大意，易把握，56題干擾項較多，產生干擾的主要原因是原文第一段有幾句話都是回答這一題的，可是學生只注意到其中一部分或者因為一個生詞overbook受到干擾，所以這一題有難度。
B篇：科技說明文，一項在嬰兒身上所做的實驗，證明新生兒就有判斷力。題目設置以細節題和推斷題為主。雖然是大多考生最不喜歡的文體，但是由於題目設置簡單，易得分。
C篇：社科類說明文，內容圍繞很多人在談話過程中會假裝他們讀過某些書、理解某些作家展開，分析了其中的原因及作者的看法。文章難度略微提升，題型涉及細節信息、推理判斷和作者態度。這篇文章的細節題設置也需要邏輯推理，不是簡單地從文章里找到原句就可以的，所以有一定的難度，比如64題、67題考查作者情感態度，需要考生很好地運用最後一段括弧里的內容。
D篇：應用文，介紹了英國國家美術館，設置了3個題，都很簡單，基本不需要讀完全文，可以先看題再回到文章里查找所需信息，這篇文章可以為之後的答題爭取更多的時間。
七選五這種題型是第3年考，總體難度不是很大，學生通過抓住關鍵詞、分析語段的結構、意思的順延等基本上能定位答案。兩個干擾選項句子可排除性很強，干擾力度不大。學生答題的正確率應該比較高。
五、短文改錯
今年短文改錯難度較大，學生容易下手但得分率不高。考點雖分布均勻，但不易察覺地考查了介詞、代詞、連詞、名詞、動詞、副詞、冠詞的固定搭配，都是細小的知識，稍不注意就漏掉了一個點。因為改錯更加考查學生綜合運用語言的能力，在改錯題上，學生還是會拉開一定的差距。
六、書面表達
書面表達的設計繼續沿襲了近幾年的風格，貼近學生生活，給筆友寫信尋求其幫忙接機。選題合乎情理，符合考綱中貼近學生生活這一要求，這種題目讓90%以上的考生有內容可寫，下筆容易。主要內容的提示給學生一個綱要的指導，使考生有發揮水平的空間，雖下筆容易但是得高分不易。
從整個試卷來看，考生的語言基本功扎實與否，直接關繫到能否得到較理想的分數，因為本套試題突出了基礎知識和基本技能在英語學習中的地位，而且基礎知識的考查非常細化，在單選和改錯中考查小詞的比重加大了。此外，考查考生運用語境解決問題的能力依然是重中之重，考點在語境中的貫穿非常明顯，關鍵在於能否發現他們之間的邏輯關系。因此，我個人認為，在今後的英語學習中，學生還是必須加強對基本功訓練，夯實基礎，從聽、說、讀、寫四方面培養自己綜合運用英語的能力，還要培養從題干中體會隱含語境的能力。
Ⅱ 2022年全國新高考Ⅰ卷英語試題及答案
2022年高考英語落實立德樹人根本任務，依據高校人才選拔要求和普通高中英語課程標准，堅持「方向是核心，平穩是關鍵」的原則，下面我給大家帶來2022年全國新高考Ⅰ卷英語試題及答案，希望大家喜歡!
2022年全國新高考Ⅰ卷英語試題
2022年全國新高考Ⅰ卷英語試題答案
2022年全國新高考Ⅰ卷英語試題分析
一、落實立德樹人根本任務，發揮學科育人功能
1.1 融入中華優秀 傳統 文化 ，增強學生文化自信
英語科試卷所選語篇弘揚愛國主義，通過融入中華優秀傳統文化和社會主義先進文化，引導學生堅定理想信念、提升品德修養、培養奮斗精神。
全國甲卷語法填空語篇報道一位盲人徒步穿越古絲綢之路並沿途做環保的經歷，展現中華文明的悠久歷史;全國乙卷語法填空語篇介紹聯合國設立中國茶文化節及開展的一系列活動，宣傳中國茶文化;新高考I卷語法填空語篇報道中國設立大熊貓保護國家公園的情況，介紹中國生態文明建設成就。這些語篇和情境通過講述中國 故事 ，以浸潤的方式引導學生加強對中華優秀傳統文化和社會主義核心價值觀的認同，增強文化自信，厚植愛國主義情懷。
1.2 強化體美勞 教育 引導，夯實全面發展基礎
英語科試卷圍繞人與自然、人與社會、人與自我三大主題選材，將對體美勞教育的引導與考查內容、考查要求、考查情境有機融合。
在體育融入試題方面：全國甲卷聽力題包含對一位 短跑 運動員的采訪材料;全國乙卷短文改錯題選取自行車運動有利身體健康和環保的內容;新高考I卷聽力題選取一段在運動俱樂部講話的材料，閱讀題選取如何找到合適的健身夥伴的語篇;新高考II卷閱讀題選取運動促進心臟健康的語篇，寫作題選取一名殘疾學生積極參加跑步比賽的語篇。這些語篇和材料旨在引導學生提高運動意識，保持身心健康。
在美育融入試題方面：全國甲卷聽力題選取一位藝術鑒賞家談論自己經歷的材料，閱讀題選取介紹英國卡迪夫市藝術劇院的語篇;全國乙卷閱讀題選取介紹蘇格蘭畫家Henry Raeburn畫展信息的語篇。這些語篇旨在引導學生加深對藝術的認識，培養健康向上的審美情趣。
在勞動教育融入試題方面：各套試卷的語篇包含了山區支教、烹飪、做家務等信息，涉及多種工作場景，旨在引導學生形成勞動觀念，在學習和生活中培養勞動精神。
1.3 關注時代發展，引導培養核心素養
英語科試卷通過選擇具有時代特徵的語篇，倡導學生養成獨立思考的學習習慣，培育樂於探究的科學精神，構建友好互助的人際關系。
英語科試卷通過選取禁止開車使用手機、悉尼新舊文化沖突、新媒體對 家庭教育 和生活的影響、英國徵收糖稅的起因及效果等具有探討性和思辨性的材料，引導學生形成獨立思考的習慣，培養主動發現問題和解決問題的能力;通過選取高科技無人機在鐵路交通中的應用、鸚鵡識別物體形狀的實驗、人類語言發展的研究及與捉迷藏相關的 兒童 心理發展實驗等語篇，激發學生對科學實驗與研究的興趣;通過選取關愛養老院老人的研究項目、勇救墜樓兒童、修復父子親情關系等語篇，倡導友好互助、彼此關愛的和諧人際關系。
二、考查學科關鍵能力，服務落實「雙減」政策
2.1 深化基礎，注重能力，引導教學減量提質
英語試卷對接高中英語課程標准要求，強化對基礎語言知識和文化知識的理解和掌握，注重考查考生在牢固掌握語言知識基礎上的綜合語言運用能力，引導中學英語教學重視學生語言能力的提高。
英語科試卷在真實、地道的英語語境中考查基礎語言知識和文化知識，使用的題型有完形填空、語法填空和短文改錯等。這些題型要求考生在正確理解語篇主旨大意的基礎上，關注具體語境中不同詞語、 句子 與整個篇章結構之間的聯系，考查考生對英語詞法、句法以及語篇知識的掌握運用情況。閱讀題重視對文本精細閱讀的考查，尤其強調對語篇關鍵信息的理解和推斷能力。深化基礎性考查旨在引導中學教學依據課程標准，幫助學生掌握語音、詞彙、語法、語篇和語用等基礎語言知識，同時引導學生學會在不同的語境中理解語篇所表達的主題意義，建構結構化知識，內化所學語言知識和文化知識，具備一定的語言意識和英語語感。
英語科試卷注重關鍵能力考查，尤其強化對閱讀理解和書面表達等關鍵能力的考查。閱讀題設置考查作者觀點或態度、語篇主旨要義等高階思維能力的試題，要求考生運用批判性思維和辯證思維深入思考 文章 主題和思想內涵，根據語篇內容進行邏輯推理並通過歸納和概括作答，對考生的語言運用能力提出很高要求。注重關鍵能力考查旨在引導學生通過聽、說、讀、看、寫等 英語學習 方式和實踐活動，靈活運用所學語言知識，提高英語語言綜合運用能力。
2.2 創新情境，增強開放，引導減少「死記硬背」
英語科試卷在聽力、閱讀、語言運用和寫作等各部分根據所選素材創設不同的生活實踐情境和學習探索情境;通過增強試題開放性和靈活性考查考生運用語言的能力，引導減少「死記硬背」。
2022年高考英語試卷進一步優化寫作等試題的考查形式。除考查寫郵件等常見形式外，寫作部分還設置了讀圖表寫短文和根據提綱要點寫短文等形式。全國甲卷要求考生以6月8日世界海洋日為主題，寫一篇短文向學校徵文比賽投稿;全國乙卷設置的寫作情境是校英文報正在開展以Learning English beyond the Classroom為題的討論，要求考生閱讀有關學生英語學習活動情況的圖表，使用圖表中的調查結果寫一篇短文;新高考卷應用文設置的情境是以校廣播站英語節目「Talk and Talk」負責人的身份給外教寫一封郵件，邀請她做一次訪談;新高考卷短文續寫試題設置的情境是閱讀一名殘疾學生堅持參加跑步比賽的短文後續寫兩段文字。這些精心設計的試題情境使寫作形式更加靈活，內容更加開放，在加強語言表達能力考查的同時，強調對應用性和創造性能力的考查，引導學生在語言學習過程中注重辨析語言和文化中的具體現象，梳理和概括信息，從自己的視角正確評判周圍事物和不同觀念，創造性地表達自己的觀點和想法。
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Ⅲ 跪求2011年英語高考(江西卷）閱讀D翻譯
試譯江西2011年高考閱讀D篇文章
Why should mankind explore space? 人類為何要探索太空呢？Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? 為什麼時間、金錢、和精力會被花在探索一些沒有顯著的好處的事情上呢？Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked．為何資源會被花在太空而不是地球山的人與環境上呢？，這些不可理喻的為題常常被人問及。
Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup（基因構成）as human beings．也許最好的答案隱藏在我們骨子裡。What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? 是什麼驅使我們的先主從樹上移動到地上，到所有可能的地域與環境的呢？The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival．越是廣泛分布的種族，越有機會倖存下來。Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible．或許人們探索宇宙最好的理由就是基因里驅使著向任何可能的地方擴展。
Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified （鑒定、辨別）and prepared for．幾乎每一個文化中都會因探尋和鑒定周邊環境中的任何威並為之做准備而成功。Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger．With knowledge, we can lessen its effects．沒有知識，我們可能會被危險所毀滅。有了知識，我們才能減小災難的作用。
Exploration also allows minerals and other potential （潛在的）resources to be found．探索會讓我們發現礦產和其他潛在資源。Even if we have no immediate （立刻adj.）need of them, they will perhaps be useful later．就算我們不是急著要用到那些，可能以後也會用得上。Resources may be more than physical possessions．資源不僅僅是指礦物。Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration．知識和技術通過探索而取得。The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives． 這些科技可能會有醫學價值而有助於提高人們的壽命和健康質量。We have already benefited from other improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems．我們已經從其他地震預測、衛星天測氣預測以及循環系統的改進中受益 Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-procts （副產品）of technological developments in the space instry!甚至是不粘鍋和反光太陽鏡也宇宙工業科技發展的是副產品。
While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us．雖然許多的資源看起來是花在了回報很小的事情上，太空探索中所需要的我們種族中創造性、勇敢、智慧的成員會集中注意力在拯救我們上。While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers．雖然宇宙中有許多奇跡和解釋了宇宙是如何形成和演變的，但宇宙也存在著危險。The danger exists, but knowledge can help human being to survive．雖然有危險的存在，但知識能幫助人類生存。Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist．沒有能力達到宇宙空間，就沒有拯救自己的機會。
While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets．雖然地球是唯一已知有生命存在的行星，無疑的人類適應能力會允許我們在其他行星上生存。It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future．毋庸置疑的，那裡的生活方式將會不同從前，但人類適應了過去的生活和文化也能適應未來。
Ⅳ 高考英語閱讀理解訓練題(2)
高考英語閱讀理解訓練題
35. Which sentence is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Such stone monument is common all around the world.
B. The stones might serve for a certain purpose.
C. The stones were ed into a plain.
D. The stones pushed over were to rece the height of the monument.
【答案】BCB
【解析】33.細節理解題。根據文章第二段的句子「The area around Stonehenge is littered with prehistoric sights but the 90 or more stones, lying 3ft underground,」可知，專家發現了一些地下的`石頭。故選B。
34.細節理解題。根據文章第五段的句子「Prof. Gaffney believes the stones may have been planted by the same people who built Stonehenge, but he doubts whether there is a direct link between the two monuments.」可知，這些石頭有可能和巨石陣有某些聯系。故選C。
35.推理判斷題。根據文章最後一段的句子「The stones had significance. These were special places. Societies were organized, as with the great cathedrals, to create these things.」可知，這些石頭可能起著某種作用。故選B。
【點評】文章介紹離著名的巨石陣不遠處專家發現一群地下的石頭，它們的形狀和規模讓專家很驚訝，專家正在對它們的作用做研究。
閱讀理解【3】
Marvin Minsky is often called the Father of Artificial Intelligence. His work helped inspire the creation of the personal computer and the Internet.
Artificial Intelligence
Before Minsky, computers were more like calculators, performing math operations at speeds much faster than humans. Minsky was the first to say that computers can one day be as intelligent as human beings. He was so convinced about this, that in 1959, he and his friend John McCarthy invented the term 「Artificial Intelligence」 at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Minsky wrote a book called Perceptrons, describing a particular type of 「artificial neural(神經的) network」. Neural networks have made a comeback in a new field of Computer Science called Deep Learning. Deep Learning is used to recognize things and people in pictures , language translation( try Google Translate sometimes), and so on.
Robotics, Microscopes and Virtual Reality
How many of you have done Robotics at school and loved it? You have Minsky to thank again, for his work on Robotics. One of his biggest inventions was the confocal scanning microscope, an instrument that is still widely used today in medical and scientific research.
Minsky was really futuristic. He created one of the first head-mounted graphics displays(頭戴式圖形顯示), which gave rise to the exciting area of Virtual Reality.
Minsky』s major prediction that computers will one day become as intelligent as humans is now called the Theory of Singularity.
29. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Minsky himself invented the term 「Artificial Intelligence」 in MIT.
B. Minsky transformed computer into a machine more intelligent than human beings.
C. Apart from Information Technology, Minsky』s invention is also used in medical field.
D. Minsky invented a headset, with which players can play games in a 3-D environment.
30. Which is NOT the function of Deep Learning?
B. Spot items in Google Photos.
C. Summarize main idea of a passage. D. Translate English into French.
31. Which is NOT one of Minsky』s characteristics according to the passage?
A. Farsighted. B. Creative. C. Pioneering. D. Considerate.
32. In which section of a newspaper can you read this passage?
A. Technology. B. Travel. C. Environment. D. Life.
【答案】CCDA
【解析】29.細節理解題。根據文章第四段的句子「One of his biggest inventions was the confocal scanning microscope, an instrument that is still widely used today in medical and scientific research.」可知，除了信息科技，Minsky的發明也用在醫學領域。故選C。
30.細節理解題。根據文章第三段的句子「Deep Learning is used to recognize things and people in pictures , language translation( try Google Translate sometimes), and so on.」可知，Deep Learning包括ABD，不包括總結文章的大意。故選C。
31.細節理解題。根據文章第一段的句子「His work helped inspire the creation of the personal computer and the Internet.」可知，Minsky是有創造力的;根據第二段的「Minsky was the first to say that computers can one day be as intelligent as human beings.」可知，Minsky是有遠見的和開創性的。文章沒有提到Minsky是考慮周到的。故選D。
32.推理判斷題。文章介紹被稱為人工智慧之父的Marvin Minsky在信息科技方面做出的貢獻。所以是出自報紙的科技版面，故選A。
【點評】文章介紹被稱為人工智慧之父的Marvin Minsky在信息科技方面做出的貢獻。
;Ⅳ 2019天津高考英語試題閱讀理解D簡析
首先看本文的體裁，如何界定？第一、以第一人稱做敘述。第二、涉及到了一定的時間地點人物事件。第三、通過事件敘述有一定的說理。從而大約把本文歸類為說理性敘述文（側重說理，從而有論說文的痕跡）。再看題材，主要圍繞大學選取專業的一些客觀事實來進行敘述的。屬於校園生活、學生生活、捎帶社會認知話題，而文章的主體信息又集中在人文學科的特色上，所以整體行文和語言運用又有一定的專業性特點，這也是文章讓人感覺稍有難度的原因。本篇被設置在五篇閱讀理解題的D篇位置，民間或者約定的說法這是比較難的定位？我不確認。但是同時本套試題中還有另外一篇情節相對簡單的記敘文。
本文以作者的親身經歷為依託，從作者的思維角度闡述問題，那麼就可以定調，它是帶有一定的傾向性的，傾向於作者本人的觀點。所以閱讀時要注意作者本身通過語言描述表達的觀點和態度。命題也會集中在這些點上。
看文章第一段，幾個關鍵詞：but ，so，forced，another but。本段在寫作信息傳遞上有些模糊的地方在於，有一個信息點：
but eventually I exhausted myself understanding the economy and trying new marketing techniques，此處作者沒有交代是選擇了這個專業試讀之後感覺不適合，還是在沒有讀之前根據各種信息的了解主觀上感覺不合適，有些含糊。從而缺少了行文的真實邏輯性，但是不影響整篇文章的核心思想的表達。推測一下，整體感覺脈絡是這樣的：最初想要選擇人文學科——受其他因素影響而選擇了實用的企業管理——就讀企業管理後，不能適應——轉專業回到最初的喜好專業（人文相關）。本段沒有生僻詞彙和不容易駕馭的復雜句式。本段最後一句是關鍵信息，表達了作者的最後選擇。所以可以看試題：
51 Why did the author choose Business Management as his major at first?
命題人選取的角度通過題干信息Business Management ，at first 限定。備選項中acd是本題關鍵選項，c是拼湊的，可以比較容易排除，a選項從邏輯角度是有問題的，邏輯上，假如對某種專業產生倦怠感，是要經過一定的學習之後而可能出現的，這就需要之前曾選擇過這一專業，而本文並沒有闡述清楚，也就是說此處的was tired of…和題干有一定的邏輯沖突。D選項也不是很嚴謹，從原文信息看，作者是受他人以及選擇專業的一些影響而選擇Business management ，這和他自身意願選擇有細微區別的。綜合看四個選項D為最佳答案。此題的幾個邏輯問題是at first 如何界定，最初的want 比較文學和之後的business 的選擇是不是都是作者的want。邏輯問題，有些是比較顯現的有的卻很隱晦，俗話說有「普世邏輯也有各自不同的邏輯」。
文章第二段是作者對於人文學科的觀點態度。第二段第一句可以作為復雜句式來講解語法。關鍵詞是abstract，not applicable 。The worries are …the majors are abstract，…。銜接詞actually後面信息 表達的是作者的真實觀點。Actually ideas discussed in Humanities classes, which are occasionally different from what people commonly believe, offer a broad perspective(視角).強調了課堂上所討論的觀點。看試題：試題題干限制詞a broad perspective 和原文信息詞彙完全一致，所以做題方法就是點對點回到原文查找信息。這個題目的命制不是很成功，往往點對點限制信息命題，干擾項都是很難設置的，本題也是如此，出現了干擾項設置的尷尬，至於此處的問題具體在哪裡，不做詳細解釋。且此題是在極度細節上的一個小推斷，所以是否是事實上能夠成立的觀點，不能確定。B為答案。
第二段和第三段當中都出現了多個疑問句，都是作者的羅列，從快速閱讀和考場作答角度基本可以略過，正常來說，這些問題也沒有可以設問的題點。
52.According to the author, what is a possible way to gain a broad perspective?
A.Making more friends and learning from them.
B.Exchanging ideas in a philosophy seminar.
C.Opening your mind to future possibilities. D.Getting to know the popular opinion of society.
看下一題：
53.In which of the following situations do soft skills play the most important role?
A.Writing a software program. B.Performing a heart operation.
C.Playing a musical instrument. D.Negotiating with a business partner.
題干核心信息詞soft skills 回原文查找信息…while humanities majors learn 「soft skills」 like communicating effectively，此處的while 表示轉折，和之前提到的stem學科的硬科技相比較，所以軟技能可能涉及的方向就大致可以理解了，此題命制特點同上一題，不再重復。假如學生大腦中直接可以理解soft skills 基本可以不做原文閱讀就可以選出答案。
看下一題，關於job market 在最後一段中作者做了肯定的闡述。The job market is quietly creating thousands of openings a week for people who can bring a humanist』s grace to our rapidly evolving high-tech future.這句話是比較優美而達意的一句話，可以用來做句子賞析。quietly creating …，bring a humanist』s grace 使用的比較優美。
翻譯一：就業市場正在悄無聲息地為那些能為我們快速發展的高科技未來帶來人文主義魅力的人創造每周數千個職位空缺。
翻譯二：每周，就業市場都在悄無聲息地創造出數千個職位，虛席以待那些能為我們快速發展的高科技未來帶來人文主義魅力的人們。
根據文章基調和文章最後一段信息答案為C。至於a選項，只能說本文沒有提及。但他是一個相對強干擾項。每周，就業市場都在悄無聲息地創造出數千個職位虛席以待那些能為我們快速發展的高科技未來帶來人文主義魅力的人們。
54.The author believes the job market for Humanities graates is ______. A.recovering
B.depressing
C.promising
D.challenging
最後一個題是標題歸納。滿足標題歸納題目的特點，答案A。
55.What could be the best title for the passage?
A.Stick to Your Desired Major
B.Broaden Your Perspective
C.How to Acquire Soft Skills
D.Humanities vs. STEM
小結：文本選取題材比較符合學生認知水平。但文章應該並非出自英美主流媒體，作者似乎也不是英美母語人士，這一點有待查證，看文本出處就可以了。文章寫作沒有難點，理解時抓住核心信息點即可。試題命制中規中矩。
試題原文和原題如下：
When I graated from high school, I wanted to major in comparative literature. But, once I found out my friends were going into 「real」 majors, like marketing, nursing, and engineering, I figured I needed to do the same to ensure a good career. So I changed my mind and chose Business Management as my major. I forced myself to believe that I would enjoy it and succeed in the future, but eventually I exhausted myself understanding the economy and trying new marketing techniques. Coming out of this experience, I realize it is ok to be different from others and to study things like classics, art history and other majors offered in the College of Humanities(人文學科)!
The worries most people have about a Humanities degree and finding a career afterwards are that the majors are too abstract, and one will not obtain any applicable skills. Actually ideas discussed in Humanities classes, which are occasionally different from what people commonly believe, offer a broad perspective(視角). How could one effectively be an unbiased(無偏見的)writer with only a knowledge of the popular opinion of society? How could one speak persuasively with closed minds? Only seeing the world through a single perspective leads to missed learning, missed friendships, and missed growth! With a broader perspective, we will be more free, more open-minded, and less limited in what we can become!
STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) graates learn actual skills in their studies, while humanities majors learn 「soft skills」 like communicating effectively through writing critically and speaking persuasively, synthesizing(綜合)ideas through gathering and interpreting information, and developing cultural awareness. Do those soft skills sound useless and inapplicable to you? Think of it. How often do you communicate with others? Proce ideas? Encounter people from other cultures? Every day. Every SECOND of every day. So why not master these skills?
If you choose a major in the College of Humanities, you will be needed. The job market is quietly creating thousands of openings a week for people who can bring a humanist』s grace to our rapidly evolving high-tech future. Your skills will be valuable to any workplace you hope to be in. Chase after your dream major with all your energy, no matter what other people think.
51.Why did the author choose Business Management as his major at first?
A.He was tired of learning comparative literature.
B.He came to enjoy learning marketing techniques.
C.He wanted to go to the same university as his friends.
D.He believed Business Management was more practical.
52.According to the author, what is a possible way to gain a broad perspective?
A.Making more friends and learning from them.
B.Exchanging ideas in a philosophy seminar.
C.Opening your mind to future possibilities. D.Getting to know the popular opinion of society.
53.In which of the following situations do soft skills play the most important role?
A.Writing a software program. B.Performing a heart operation.
C.Playing a musical instrument. D.Negotiating with a business partner.
54.The author believes the job market for Humanities graates is ______. A.recovering
B.depressing
C.promising
D.challenging
55.What could be the best title for the passage?
A.Stick to Your Desired Major
B.Broaden Your Perspective
C.How to Acquire Soft Skills
D.Humanities vs. STEM
DBDCA
Ⅵ 高考英語閱讀理解答案
高考英語閱讀理解答案
新的高中英語教學大綱明確規定："側重提高閱讀能力"。縱觀近幾年的高考英語試題，我們不難看出，閱讀理解能力是高考考查的重點，自始至終占著主導地位，並且有逐年增加的趨勢。可以毫不誇張地說，做好閱讀理解題，是獲得高考英語高分的關鍵!
第一篇：
Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.
Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated (展示) a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person's thoughts.
In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
“Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓) to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles.” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”
The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp (頭皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.
Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”
He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.
1.BCI is a technology that can ________.
A. help to update computer systems
B. link the human brain with computers
C. help the disabled to recover
D. control a person's thoughts
2.How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?
A. By controlling his muscles.
B. By talking to the machine.
C. By moving his hand.
D. By using his mind.
3.Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?
A. scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair
B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair
D. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair
4.The team will test with real patients to ________.
A. make profits from them
B. prove the technology useful to them
C. make them live longer
D. learn about their physical condition
5.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A. Switzerland, the BCI Research Center
B. New Findings About How the Human Brain Works
C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled
D. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries
第二篇：
Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.
What to Expect
The host will provide accommodation and meals.Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week.You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.
Accommodation Zones
Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system.Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential(居住的) .Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area.It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground.
Meal Plans Available
◇Continental Breakfast
◇Breakfast and Dinner
◇Breakfast, Packed Lunch and Dinner
It's important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast.Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice，cereal (穀物類食品), bread and tea or coffee.Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England.Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert, fruit and coffee.
Friends
If you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your host's permission.You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.
SelfCatering Accommodation in Private Homes
Accommodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room.This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student.However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practise English at home quite as much.
1.The passage is probably written for ________.
A.hosts willing to receive foreign students
B.foreigners hoping to build British culture
C.travellers planning to visit families in London
D.English learners applying to live in English homes
2.Which of the following will the host provide?
A.Room cleaning.
B.Medical care.
C.Free transport.
D.Physical training.
3.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A.Zone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2.
B.The business centre of London is in Zone 1.
C.Hosts dislike travelling to the city centre.
D.Accommodation in the city centre is not provided.
4.According to the passage, what does Continental Breakfast include?
A.Dessert and coffee.
B.Fruit and vegetables.
C.Bread and fruit juice.
D.Cereal and cold meat.
5.Why do some people choose self-catering accommodation?
A.To experience a warmer family atmosphere.
B.To enrich their knowledge of English.
C.To entertain friends as they like.
D.To enjoy much more freedom.
>>>>>>答案與解析<<<<<<
第一篇：
1.B細節理解題。根據第一段可知，自20世紀70年代以來，科學家一直尋找途徑能將人腦與電腦相連。BCI技術能幫助殘疾人向機器發送指令。故此處B項正確。而C項只是部分正確，雖然能幫助殘疾人，但卻不能幫他們康復。
2.D細節理解題。根據第三段可知Tavella只是思考動他的左右手就能操作這個輪椅。甚至當他觀察這台機器時就能進行交流，也能用他的思想指導機器人工作。因此機器人是在人腦的思想支配下進行工作的。故D項正確。
3.C細節理解題。根據第五段可知，首先研究人員為用戶設計一種特殊的帽子，它會捕捉頭皮發出的信號並將其傳給電腦。電腦將這些信號進行分析翻譯，給監控下的機器人輪椅發出指令。機器人輪椅裝有兩部攝像頭能識別信號路徑中的物體，從而幫助電腦對人腦的指令作出反應。故此處C項正確。
4.B推理判斷題。根據最後一段第二句“One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from”可知，在患者身上進行實驗是他們團隊工作的一個目標，旨在證明這項技術對他們有益。故正確答案選B項。
5.C主旨大意題。本文為科技說明文，開篇點題。介紹科學家研究的這項新技術BCI，對殘疾人大有裨益。故正確答案為C項。
第二篇：
1.D主旨大意題。由第一段第一句可知，Homestay為學習英語的學生提供在課堂外說英語的機會和成為英國家庭成員的體驗。再結合文章的內容可推知這篇文章不是為願意接受英國學生的主人寫的，也不是為那些希望建設英國文化的外國人以及計劃參觀倫敦家庭的參觀者寫的。大概是為那些申請在英國人家中居住的英語學習者寫的。
2.A細節理解題。由第二段第二句可知A項的敘述符合題意。主人能夠提供的東西主要在第二段進行論述，該段並沒有告訴讀者主人將為入住者提供醫療護理、免費交通和身體訓練。
3.B推理判斷題。由第三段倒數第二句可知Zone 3和Zone 4不像Zone 2那麼擁擠，由此排除A項;第二句只說明人們不喜歡居住在市中心，並沒有說人們不去市中心，由此排除C項;本段只是提到市中心擁擠，並沒有說到居住在市中心的'家庭不為學生提供食宿，由此排除D項。
4.C細節理解題。由第四段中的Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice，cereal，bread and tea or coffee可知，A項、B項和D項的敘述是錯誤，只有C項中的Bread and fruit juice是裡面的內容。故選C項。
5.D細節理解題。由最後一段第二句中的This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle可知Self-Catering Accommodation 能夠為住宿者提供更多的自由，這與D項的敘述一致。A項、B項和C項的內容均沒有在最後一段提及，故排除。
;Ⅶ 2018高考英語閱讀理解北京卷D篇淺析
首先，文本選自洛杉磯時報http://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-autonomous-vehicles-planning-20180309-story.html 2018年3月9日發表的名為If we don't plan for them, autonomous vehicles could make our car-dominated transit system even worse的文章。
看原標題可以得出幾個信息：1.目前有plan，2.car−dominated transit system是關鍵問題3.even worse，也就是有前提條件，然後才可能出現某種預期。
這篇閱讀理解試題選文的特點是，1.文章是國外主流媒體新近更新的文章，相對於高考日期來說是比較新的。2.題材相對比較前沿——關於無人駕駛汽車。相對來說的新科技話題，具有一定的信息引領性。同時，無人駕駛也是目前比較有爭論的話題，所以任何一篇文章都不會完全從某一個角度獨立來分析闡述這一現象，除非絕對的專業測評或者技術等視角，普通評論或者描述文章一定都會有或多或少的利弊分析，因為這是未知因素會有所影響的一個話題。本文也不例外，但是本文經過改編後明顯把話題傾向性定位在positive 上，整體看不出明顯的問題，但是會有對客觀事實的微小不尊重。這是從閱讀理解試題選文的真實性信息來考慮的。本文讀者受眾沒有刻意的區分和歸類以及傾向性，文章也不算純粹的科普文，屬於普通的說事文吧，依然是側重introce and describe ，因為沒有明顯的正反觀點的對比，文中對比主要體現在現象的比較，所以涉及argumentation 的成分很少。基於此，本文的行文，正常來說要圍繞提出問題——分析問題——解決問題來進行。
試卷文本和原文比較有大量刪減改編。
首先看改編後的標題Preparing Cities for Robot Cars關鍵信息定位在preparing cities。但是我們在正文當中是否能夠找到關鍵信息來支持標題核心信息，我認真閱讀後，還是不明朗。但是原選文標題比較符合原選文的核心內容。而且此標題從語言角度來說也不好理解，所以標題不做更多解釋。
（2018•北京）閱讀理解D
標題Preparing Cities for Robot Cars
試題文章第一段
原本想和原文比較一下改動部分，但是改動太大，就省略了吧，很明顯感覺改動得不是很好。比如prospect被替換為possibility 這個在理解文本含義上可以理解，但是假如作為精讀去點對點分析，就會不如原詞彙那麼妥帖，我只能用這個詞來形容。看prospects詞彙解釋：
以此例來說明改編的可能的不準確性，文本下面部分的改編的類似問題不再重復說明。
The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. 開篇點「題」，把無人駕駛汽車的現存狀態通過一個語義對比句展示出來。告知讀者本文是圍繞無人駕駛汽車現狀的某個問題闡述的。接下來的test，cleared the way 暗示一是有測試環節，二是有相關輔助環節。
California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. 這是本文中圍繞標題而出現的最重要的關鍵信息。暗示cities在無人駕駛領域所可能做出的貢獻。
But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.
此處有本文的一個題點關鍵詞regulated，提示regulation 對於無人駕駛未來走向的重要性。看48題：
As for driverless cars, what is the author's major concern?
A. Safety.
B. Side effects.
C. Affordability.
D. Management.
題幹部分有關鍵信息詞author ，major 所以就限定是本文作者的重點的……關注點，所以需要透徹理解本文所傳遞的信息是什麼，還要結合選項內容來看。同時結合原文看，本文是把safety 部分內容刪除掉了，而我們看四個選項事實上都可以，四個選項和客觀真實性是保持一致的，至於本試題當中認為限制答案為D，從做題角度會有很多解釋，但是這樣的試題不嚴密，且，好的試題不會用major來限定。
第二段
While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so), policymakers also ……段首用了一個暗含轉折，實際上是語義的一個側重「確定」的句子，使用了while …also表達，前後兩者都存在，但是此處側重強調後者的意思。那麼也就是說safety 問題是現存的一個相關焦點，但是這里作者想要強調also後面的內容。所以，從全文角度看，經過改編的文本有了作者或者文章態度上的些許不同，本段和原文比較有部分詞彙改編刪減，但是基本符合要求，沒有大的變化。
接下來的內容作者具體描述無人駕駛汽車的優勢和特色，包括停車管理，環境保護，以及和計程車公司等相比較的更多的便利，原文提到了優步等出租公司的disadvantageous ，但試題文本有刪減，所以個別信息在理解上會覺得有模糊的感覺，不透徹。本段結束。
在此，我們就可以暫停，看試題：
47.According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can __________.
A. help deal with transportation-related problems
B. provide better services to customers
C. cause damage to our environment
D. make some people lose jobs
題干中使用了pay attention to ，而這個題干是完全可以修改成一個更地道的句子的，也可以是問答方式，不是填空式。重點又在author 和attention 來限定信息，也就是可以推測，題目需要做答的是作者在本文中想要表達的觀點，那麼根據文本內容，c項是可以否定的。abd都不是可以完全限制的信息，也就是都有可能性，只是a項更符合出題人的思路，所以答案是A。
接下來看下一段內容，
Do we want to — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most alts own indivial self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫車) services.
段首一句屬於段落銜接句，用設問的形式引出來。一方面提示讀者思考，給出自己的思維判斷，同時引出下面作者想要陳述的內容，此句看關鍵詞worsen ，也就是說，作者暗示的觀點是現有的交通的諸多不利因素，對於無人駕駛汽車來說會是什麼樣的一種對比分析結果呢？而通過上文中作者的情感態度，大致可以判斷，下文作者想要闡述的是如何規避現有交通的不利因素。通過閱讀試卷上的文本，我感覺此段信息和句首信息不一致，而且不符合常理，所以我再次查閱原文，因為在手機上編輯，順便簡單截圖一下，如下：
通過閱讀原文，可以了解，此處被命題人刪除掉了，但是此舉就完全改變了文章的行文思路和意義的正常表達。因為在提到了無人駕駛汽車的優勢以後，作者做了一個imagine ，也就是假想內容，而此假設導致的結果就是滿街的無人駕駛汽車，而此句也被命題人刪除了，但是這些信息是非常關鍵的信息，是管理者要解決無人駕駛汽車所要面對的關鍵問題，刪除後，就不能體現初衷含義了，而且閱讀時會晦澀，不能夠真正表達真實場景。具體語言不做分析解釋，接下來看下一段，
A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could rece carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基礎設施) and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(責任與維護問題). But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.此段因為刪除掉的信息，而會覺得沒有自然的過度和銜接。在介紹了環保和降低使用成本等優勢以後，作者把話題引到了首批無人駕駛汽車的試用上，
commercially available，almost certainly，technologyas well as liability and maintenance issues，這些詞是屬於此處的主要信息詞，提示下面舉措的原因，命題人沒有在此處命題，而是避開，命制了一個所謂猜測詞義題目。來看試題：
49.What does the underlined word ＂fielded＂ in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Employed.
B. Replaced.
C. Shared.
D. Reced.
根據field所在原文語境，提示，鑒於一些考量首先要把無人駕駛技術應用於叫車服務領域。field在此處取其名詞「領域」的動詞含義「應用於某一領域」，在此，也就是把車輛服務劃分了，可能有：公共交通，私人汽車，叫車服務等等。所以在理解此詞的時候需要理解原語境的微妙提示，而不是簡單來隨意根據主觀判斷下結論，盡管結論可能也不是太離譜，至少我查了很多詞典，沒有查到field的英英解釋為employ。細節不做分析。繼續下一段，
Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.
最後一段，我們看它的情感態度，一個對未來的期待和展望，是建立在對現有一些問題和技術的解決和確認的基礎上的，也就是說，作者的觀點態度中規中矩，但最後一句還是表達了對未來無人駕駛汽車的正面期待。結尾段，對整個上文信息做了概括總結，綜合了上文信息點。看最後一題：
50.What is the author's attitude to the future of self-driving cars?
A. Doubtful.
B. Positive.
C. Disapproving.
D. Sympathetic.
答案是B。這個不多說，假如發散開來還有很多內容能夠闡述。
總結一下：
本題目選自主流外刊，時間比較新，話題比較新。命題人對文本進行了一定量的改動刪減，個人認為已經影響了准確和地道信息的傳遞，這是不太看好的地方。文本語言和結構沒有特殊難點，試題命制也沒有深度思維理解的題目，所以考慮試題安排難度，應該不是難題范疇。解讀本文本相當於外刊解讀的一個過程了。所以說高考題目文本精良，和外刊解讀和運用分割開來不是一個真命題。我記得16年北京好像也是D篇，也是命題人做了一些刪減改編，而使得整個行文不達意，試題缺少信息支持。這是一個不可忽視的命題問題。
沒有時間和精力做更精細的分析。
下面是試題原文：
Preparing Cities for Robot Cars
The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.
While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help rece traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.
Do we want to — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most alts own indivial self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫車) services.
A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could rece carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基礎設施) and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(責任與維護問題). But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.
Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.
47.According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless cars can __________.
A. help deal with transportation-related problems
B. provide better services to customers
C. cause damage to our environment D. make some people lose jobs
48.As for driverless cars, what is the author's major concern?
A. Safety.
B. Side effects.
C. Affordability.
D. Management.
49.What does the underlined word ＂fielded＂ in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Employed.
B. Replaced.
C. Shared.
D. Reced.
50.What is the author's attitude to the future of self-driving cars?
A. Doubtful.
B. Positive.
C. Disapproving.
D. Sympathetic.
Ⅷ 誰能幫我出一條英文題關於科技的
根據「嫦娥一號」拿差新聞報道，選出正叢簡確的答案。滲敏褲
China to Launch 1st Lunar Probe Chang』e I This Year
China says the launch of its first lunar probe Chang』e I is just around the corner. Chinese scientists made the announcement on Wednesday, saying the satellite would be launched in the second half of this year.
Since China announced the project in 2004, the country』s first lunar exploration project has drawn world-wide attention. Now, China』s space scientists say the satellite is ready for lift off.
Ouyang Ziyuan, chief scientist, China』s lunar exploration project, said,「Preparations for the satellite, rocket, ground control and data reception are ready for the exploration. We will be able to launch the probe the second half of this year.」
The probe』s operational orbit has already been decided on. Chang』e I is scheled to enter the moon』s orbit after a nearly 400 000-kilometer journey in space. And a committee of over 100 space experts has also been established for the project. The scientists have agreed to share the data sent back by Chang』e I on the lunar environment.
Ouyang Ziyuan said,「We will make a 3D map of the moon and research the distribution of lunar elements, lunar soil thickness and the moon』s surface environment.」
Ouyang Ziyuan says Chang』e I will be carried by a Long March A3 carrier rocket for its launch. This is scheled to take place at the Xi』Chang Satellite Launch Center.
1. What does the underlined words「around the corner」in the first paragraph mean?
A. in the corner
B. on the way
C. in the way
D. at the corner
2. When did China announce the project?
A. In the second half of this year.
B. In 2004.
C. In the first half of this year.
D. In 2008.
3. How long will Chang』e I travel before it enters the moon』s orbit?
A. 300 000 kilometers.
B. 400 000 meters.
C. 400 000 000 meters.
D. 5 000 000 kilometers.
4. What will Chang』e I do in space?
A. It will just circle around the moon.
B. It will make a 2D map of the moon and research the distribution of lunar elements.
C. It will send the TV signals to make our life more colorful.
D. It will make a 3D map of the moon and do some research about the moon.
5. Which one is TRUE?
A. The committee is made up of less than 100 space experts.
B. It is scheled to launch at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
C. The data sent back by Chang』e I will be shared by the scientists.
D. Chang』e I will be carried by a Long March B3 carrier rocket for its launch.【分析】
1.答案為B。根據第一段最後一句話可知「嫦娥一號」即將發射。
2.答案為B。時間細節的考查，從第二段第一句話可知答案。
3.答案為C。從第四段第二行可知答案。
4.答案為D。從第五段第一行可知答案。
5.答案為C。細節考查，縱觀全文，可知答案。
【預測熱點二】奧運專題類
2008年8月，第29屆奧運會將在北京隆重舉行，如何將本屆奧運會辦成有中國特色的奧運會將是全世界關注的焦點。作為一名高中生，應該多了解和接觸有關奧運會的英文材料。
【解題技巧】
主要題型為主旨大意題。這類題考查同學們對文章中心思想、段落大意的歸納、總結及概括能力。歸納文章主題時，選項的內涵和外延要恰如其分地概括文章主題。常見的提問方式有：What is the main idea of this passage?【例題剖析】
Beijing to Hold Olympic Cultural Activities
Beijing Olympic organizers say the city will hold a variety of Olympic cultural activities between June and September. This is an attempt to provide an opportunity for both domestic and overseas tourists to experience the combination of Olympic and Chinese cultures.
The officials released schele of the activities at a coordination meeting Thursday.
Zhao Dongming is with the Beijing Olympic organizing Committee. He said cultural activities are an important part of the sporting event.
「The Olympic Games is a big international stage. It provides a broad platform to showcase the diversified cultures in China and across the world through various cultural activities. It promotes understanding of China and Beijing.」
Officials say the Olympic Cultural Square Program will be the core part of the city Olympic cultural activities. Over 100 squares in Beijing will be used as platforms for cultural shows and activities in the summer.
Other cities, including Hong Kong, Shanghai and Tianjin will also have a variety of cultural activities in the run up to the Olympic Games.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.
B. It shows us the importance of holding Olympic Games in China.
C. Chinese people hold Cultural Activities in honor of Olympic Games.
D. Chinese government tries to improve the transportation in the run up to the Olympic Games.
2. Which city will not have a variety of cultural activities in the run up to the Olympic Games?
A. Chongqing B. Beijing
C. Tianjing D. Hong Kong
3. What is the cultural magnificence of holding 2008 Olympic Games?
A. It can help Chinese to make a lot of money.
B. It will provide a broad platform to showcase the highly-developing economy in China and across the world.
C. This is an attempt to provide an opportunity for both domestic and overseas tourists to experience the combination of Olympic and Chinese tourism.
D. It will let people all over the word have a chance to experience Chinese various cultures.
【分析】
1.答案為C。新聞報道類的概括大意一定要注意對標題的理解和掌握。
2.答案為A。從第六段可得出天津、香港和北京都有文化活動，只有重慶沒有。
3.答案為D。從文章的標題和第一段的最後一句話可知答案。
【預測熱點三】對生活有重大影響類
高考閱讀理解的題材應該來源於生活而又高於生活。因此，人們日常生活談論的焦點話題也應在試題中得到適當反映，而房價則是近年來最熱門的話題。
【解題技巧】
主要題型為觀點態度題。這類題考查同學們對文章中觀點、感情、態度、目的、意圖的理解。同學們要從文章的用詞、語氣或對某個細節的陳述來推斷作者的態度、觀點等。常見提問的方式有：What is the opinion of the writer in this passage?
【例題剖析】
China』s Housing Prices to Keep on Rising in 2008
BEIJING, Jan. 11th（Xinhua），a report by the Chinese Academy of Sciences（CAS）predicted that housing prices in China would keep on rising this year and the increase rate would roughly equal that of 2007.
The sale of residential buildings this year would hit 697.99 million square meters, up 2.24 percent year on year, according to the report on the prospects of the Chinese economy in 2008 released on Friday by the CAS forecasting center.
The real estate market would maintain a「good momentum,」and investment in the property sector would reach 2.54 trillion yuan（about 347.5 billion yuan）, the report said.
The total floor space of「completed」buildings would drop 8.2 percent to 1.9 billion square meters in 2008, leading to a further dwindling of the housing supply, said the report, noting that the imbalance between supply and demand would be aggravated.
From January to November of 2007, housing prices in 70 major Chinese cities jumped 7.3 percent year on year. Housing prices were up at a rate of 7.3 percent in November alone, a report by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences（CASS）showed.
The November rate was the highest monthly gain since July 2005 when the monthly housing price survey was started.
1. What is the opinion of the writer in this passage?
A. The writer thinks the prices of houses will go down.
B. The writer thinks the prices of houses will go up.
C. The writer thinks the prices of houses will keep stable.
D. The writer just reports the facts and data objectively.
2. How many square meters of residential buildings were sold in 2007?
A. 697.99 million square meters.
B. 347.5 million square meters.
C. About 683 million squaremeters.
D. It hasn』t been mentioned.
3. What was the highest monthly gain since July 2005?
A. 2.24 percent.
B. 7.4 percent.
C. 7.3 percent.D. 8.2 percent.【分析】
1.答案為D。新聞報道要求客觀報道事實。
2.答案為C。從第二自然段第一、二句，通過運算可知答案。
3.答案為C。從第五段的最後一句話和最後一段的第一句話可以推出答案
Ⅸ 2022年新高考一卷英語真題卷及答案
2022年高考將於6月7日開始,目前2022年新高考真題已公布，同學們想必對於自己的分數很好奇了!下面是我為大家收集的關於2022年新高考一卷英語真題卷及答案。希望可以幫助大家。
2022年新高考一卷英語試卷
2022年新高襲局考一卷英語答案
十大專業就業前景展望，復合型人才更能搶佔先機
沒有永遠的熱門專業，也沒有永遠的冷門專業。當今世界，科技發展速度非常快，國際化程度越來越高，就業市場風雲變幻，沒有人能准確斷定，三五年後什麼專業是熱還是冷。在解讀《國家中長期科學和技術發展規劃綱要(2006-2020年)》、《國民經濟和社會發展第十一個五輪禪神年規劃綱要》等重要資料的基礎上， 教育 專家們試圖對未來幾年各大專業的就業前景進行分析，以供考生和家長填報志願時參考。
1.純文、理專業掌握技能助就業
文科類 畢業 生(、如文、史、哲專業)就業困難，由於社會對這類人才的需求有限，而且此類學科專業技能不強、替代性比較大，所以這些專業的學生就業受到限制。同樣的問題也出現在著重基礎研究的純理科專業畢業生身上。
因此，文科類專業的學生不能只是簡單掌握文案寫作技能，還應掌握其他一些技術，如計算機知識、經濟學知識、外語等，方能勝任未來相對要求較高的工作崗位。在擇業過程中，除了關注傳統的求職項目，如企業行政助臘虧理、文秘等工作崗位之外，也應注意到媒體、出版、 廣告 、 市場營銷 等工作崗位的人才需求量比較大，文科生比較占優勢。而對做基礎學科研究的純理科專業的學生來說，如果平時善於積累，在熱門行業也有後天優勢：基本功扎實，入手快。這些專業的畢業生也可向相關熱門轉向，比如轉向IT、金融、教育等行業。
2.師范類專業區域供求不均衡
調查顯示，工作的穩定性和自主性、待遇節節拔高等促使教師成為最受歡迎的職業之一。從大城市的就業狀況來看，師范類學生的供求量趨近平衡，其中民辦教育機構(包括培訓機構)對師范類人才的需求量佔了很大比例。而在師范類各專業中，需求較大的專業有教育學、特殊教育、教育技術、數學、漢語言文學、英語、日語、物理、計算機等專業。
由於我國教育政策的調整，近幾年民辦學校、職業學校大量興起，這使得師范生就業機會增多，又在教育系統內為畢業生拓寬了就業市場。但不容忽視的是，我國中西部面臨優質師資匱乏、基層教育系統缺少編制的現實情況，而大城市教師職位日漸飽和，不可能再接收大量畢業生。因此，在普教系統就業面臨較大的競爭和壓力。近兩三年來，中西部省會城市及一些經濟發達地區的二線甚至三線城市成為師范類畢業生求職的 熱點 地區。
從國家免費師范生政策的實施可以看出，中西部對師范人才的需求很大。因此，未來幾年師范類畢業生也應當轉變觀念，更多地將注意力投放到中小城市和中西部地區，在那裡展現風采，實現人生價值。
3.外語類專業就業去向多元化
隨著中國與世界的交流逐漸深入，特別是北京奧運會之後，我國對外語類人才的需求旺盛，應該說其就業前景是樂觀的。從近幾年需求情況看，需求量最大的是英語、日語。
此外，俄語、德語、法語、西班牙語、義大利語的需求也較大。這些語種的畢業生就業較為容易，高層次的外語人才供不應求。有專家預測，小語種將走向熱門。
近年來，外語類畢業生去向已完全呈現多元化態勢，除了傳統的外交外事領域，越來越多的畢業生到金融、通信、傳媒、咨詢、體育、物流等領域就業。就業領域的擴大無疑意味著就業機會的增加。那些具有扎實的語言功底，同時具備金融、法律、經貿、外交、新聞、中文等知識背景的外語類畢業生，契合社會對於復合型人才的需求，直接推動著外語類人才培養模式的變革。
4.法學專業持證上崗是必然
從近幾年的國家公務員錄用可得知，政府部門對法學專業畢業生的需求依然旺盛。
從絕對數量上來說，我國對該專業的人才需求較大，特別是涉外專業的人才。立法機關、行政機關、司法機關、仲裁機構每年都要從應屆畢業生中招聘法學專業的學生，而企業對法學專業的人才也越來越重視，中國的律師行業更急需補充大量高素質的律師人才。但近年來法學專業畢業生在就業方面有相當的壓力：一是社會上對法學專業畢業生的學歷要求越來越高;二是該專業畢業生人數激增。
因此，近年來法學專業畢業的本科生就業狀況並不樂觀，這一狀況將持續一段時間。法學專業的研究生也將開始面臨一定的就業壓力，參加司法考試取得資格證書成為共識。
5.農林類專業創業實現自我
近幾年來，國家對農業十分重視，不斷加大投入。另外，政策方面也不斷傳來「利好」消息，產業結構的戰略性調整和人們對生存環境的重視給農林類專業發展帶來了曙光。因此，雖然農林類畢業生目前總體就業形勢不如其他專業，但可以看到，今後幾年該專業畢業生將會日益走俏。
在農林類各專業中，社會需求量大小不一。選准有發展前景的專業十分重要。未來需求較多的將有農業經濟、畜牧、獸醫、動物營養與飼料加工、木材加工、傢具設計與製造、森林道路與橋梁、園林、林產化工等專業。
另外，農林類專業畢業生還有另一條廣闊的就業之路，那就是到農村基層創業。到基層自辦實業，積極創業，同樣可以實現自我價值，而且更富有挑戰性和創造性。
6.機械類專業前沿人才供不應求
機械類大部分專業畢業生在人才市場上仍然「熱銷」。國家近幾年加大力度強化裝備製造業，鑒於機械行業的重要性和龐大規模需要一支龐大的專業人才隊伍，今後一段時間內，社會對機械類人才仍會有較大需求。具有開發能力的數控人才將成為各企業爭奪的目標，機械設計製造與加工專業人才近年也供不應求。
從當前機械行業的發展來看，印刷機械、數控機床、發電設備、工程機械等重頭產品前景仍然看好。除了這些傳統工業領域，該行業將進一步向機光電一體化發展，向光加工、環保這樣的新興領域拓展。
7.經濟類專業需求熱度不減
市場營銷類職位是人才市場需求榜上不落的冠軍，從有關統計數據推測，銷售類人才未來幾年需求量仍然熱度不減。
在收入調查中，金融業整體薪金水平總是在眾多行業中排名靠前，金融業高薪引才。這與金融業的人才需求和其不斷調整及推出的增值服務有關系，一些新興的金融服務機構也逐漸成為吸納金融人才的大戶。
經濟類專業，尤其是金融、財會類畢業生，要與時俱進，熟悉國際會計、商務慣例，具有必要的國際社會 文化 背景知識，不斷拓寬視野，立足現代市場經濟新領域，掌握現代管理學新知識，逐步把自己鍛煉成為既懂經營又善管理的復合型人才。學生除了要具備熟練的常規業務能力之外，還要認真學習與專業相關的財政、金融、稅務、審計、統計等方面的知識，努力提高自身預測、決策、控制、抗風險的能力，提高投資、融資等財務決策的質量，完善經營管理。總之，這些專業的學生在未來有較多的選擇，除了人們所熟知的會計、審計、稅務等工作外，從業領域還有很多。
8.建築類專業就業前景依然樂觀
雖然近期房地產業面臨系列壓力，但在人才市場上，與房地產相關的專業，包括建築、設計、策劃、銷售等人才需求仍然較旺。
隨著國家和各地對基礎設施投資力度的加大，建築類和房地產專業畢業生就業前景依然樂觀。
尤其是近兩年來，路橋建設等相關專業開始升溫，這使路橋規劃人員變得暢銷起來。用人單位表示，這主要與製造業升級換代及目前城市基礎設施建設力度加大有關。製造業升級換代急需補充新鮮血液，基礎設施建設力度加大則急需專業人才。
9.醫學類專業特殊領域潛力無限
隨著醫療體制改革的不斷深化，將會有更多的私立醫院，這使醫學類專業的學生更為搶手。而且，由於人們工作、生活的壓力不斷增大，患病率也在增加，現有的醫療系統不能完全滿足社會的需要，這就形成了醫療行業的賣方市場。所以，醫學類專業人才將會越來越吃香。據有關部門分析，將來從事老人醫學的人才將走俏，保健醫師、家庭護士也將成為熱門人才。另外，專門為個人服務的護理人員的需求量也將增大。
10.藝術類專業需求層次不斷提升
傳統的美術、音樂、表演等專業已經漸漸顯露出就業面狹窄等問題。
傳統藝術正與計算機技術、工業、建築、管理等學科不斷交叉，衍生出許多新的專業，這些專業也相應地成了近年來的熱門。目前，廣告設計、工業設計、建築設計、環境藝術設計、公關策劃、動漫製作、游戲策劃、游戲設計等專業人才緊缺。
藝術專業正朝多學科綜合的方向發展，實用藝術的應用范圍越來越廣。不懂物理和建築，就無法搞建築、裝潢設計;不懂計算機就做不出數字化影音作品。文化課嚴重缺失的「跛腳」畢業生就業壓力必然不小。
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Ⅹ 英語試題 高考題 求講解 求翻譯
答案：C
翻譯：醫學最近飛速進步，它有可能是所有科學中最重要的。
解釋：此題考查非限制性定語從句。
1. 句子知納並主幹茄高是：The science of medicine is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.
而 ___ very rapid progress has been made lately為非限制性定語從句，修飾此句主語the science of medicine.
2. 根據定語從句的基本特點：關系代詞(which)代替先行詞(the science of medicine)，並在定語從句中充當一定的成分。
把先行詞the science of medicine放入該定語從句中，考慮句子的連接，即為：
very rapid progress has been made (in the science of medicine) lately
3. 該句中含有make progress in...「在...方面取得進步/進展」的被動結構：progress be made in...，時態為現在完成時。
所以變化如下：very rapid progress has been made (in the science of medicine) lately
= very rapid progress has been made (in which) lately
= (in which) very rapid progress has been made lately
4. 倒裝解釋：定語從句中的關系代詞一般放在定語從句句首，而此句中的which又做介詞in的賓語，所搭跡以習慣上會把介詞和關系代詞一起提前。
再如：This is the city in which I lived last year.
其中：in which I lived last year
= I lived in which last year
= I lived in the city last year