逃跑的美洲獅英語閱讀
1. 新概念英語3第一課逃遁的美洲獅作文
Describe the occasion when the woman picking blacking saw the puma .Expand the following into a paragraph of aboyt 150 words.
Mrs.stone had spent the whole morning...It was nearly lunch time,so she decided...She was just...When she heard a noise in...
Then she saw an animal which....She knew it was not a cat because...The animal suddenly...and she thought it was going to...She dropped her basket and...Hearing the sound,the animal...after which,Mrs Stone...and ran all the way home.She told her neighbours that...but they didi not believe her. She also telephoned the police but they...
Key to Composition
Mrs. Stone had spent the whole morning picking blackberries in the countryside near her home. It was nearly lunch time, so she decided to return for lunch. She was just picking up her basket when she heard a noise in the bushes. Then she saw an animal which looked like a cat. She knew it was not a cat because it was so large. The animal suddenly turned round to look at her and she thought it was going to come towards her and perhaps attack her. She dropped her basket and screamed loudly. Hearing the sound, the animal disappeared into the bushes, after which Mrs. Stone picked up her basket and ran all the way home.She told her neighbours that she had seen a puma in the countryside, but they did not believe her. She also telephoned the police but they didn't believe her either. (148 words)
2. a puma at large 中文翻譯為什麼是逃遁的美洲獅
at large 是一個祥昌習慣短語，它的含義為：
1、在逃, 逍遙法外
The escaped prisoner is still at large.
那個逃犯仍逍遙法外。
2、一般說來, 隨便地
The people at large want peace.
總的來說人民是渴望和平的。
They wandered at large over the country side.
他們在鄉間隨便地漫遊謹洞扒。
3、詳細地
She talked at large about her plans.
她詳細地談了她顫培的打算。
a puma at large 屬於第（1）種用法，翻譯出來，就是「逃循的美洲獅」。
3. a puma at large 中文翻譯為什麼是逃遁的美洲獅
At large 不直接意為溜走，逃走，等。
它是指，還流盪在外等意思（普遍指罪人啊，猛獸等還在外敏枯間溜達著）。
看具體文鉛哪章，有時可翻成逃走了槐拿碼的什麼什麼。
4. 求 翻譯 新概念英語第三冊 Lesson1
美洲獅是一種在美洲被發現的大型的貓科動物 .當一隻美洲獅在倫敦45英里以外地方被發現的報告送到倫敦動物園時，他們都不重視 .然而，隨著證據的累積，來自動物園的追捕行動從一個小村子開始，當時一個女人在摘黑梅，她見到美洲獅時，那動物距離她僅5碼 .當她見它時，它馬上就走開了.專家們認為除非美洲獅走投無路，否則它們是不會攻擊人類的.搜查是困難的，因為美洲獅經常在早上在一個地方，晚上則在二十英里以外的其它地方.無論它去哪，它會留下一些死鹿、其它例如兔子小動物，美洲獅的毛被發現掛在灌木從中 .一個商人去釣魚的路上見到美洲獅在樹上，一些人埋怨在夜裡聽到「貓叫」的聲音.來自動物園的專家確信這只動物就是美洲獅，但是它從何而來？ 全國范圍內並沒有動物園有走失美洲獅的報告這只美洲獅一定是私人飼養的，而且它成功的逃脫掉的 . 搜查進行了幾個星期，但並沒有捉到美洲獅。一隻野性的動物仍然逍遙在寧靜的郊外，的確令人很擔憂
5. 新概念英語第三冊第一課，是逃遁的美洲獅，真實情況怎樣，抓到了嗎
沒有抓到，文章主要講許多人滾轎都目睹了美洲獅，但是它並沒有害人跡象，大喊肆就連美洲獅出自動物園還是野生的都有待滲兄商榷。
6. 新概念英語第三冊，《逃遁的美洲獅》。 As no pumas had been reported
逃遁的美洲獅 The puma at large 新概念英語三冊第一課題目
7. 英語周報高二課標2015-2016第.34期答案解析
英語周報高二課標2015-2016第34期答案解析
Book 7 Unit 2 參考答案及部分解析
參考答案
1-5 ABABC 6-10CABCA
11-15 CBACB 16-20BCAAB
21-25 BDBDB 26-30ADBCC
31-35 ACCBB 36-40AFCDE
41-45 BCADC 46-50ADBCD
51-55 BACDA 56-60BDACB
61. satisfaction 62.that
63. predicted 64.a
65. that / which 66. to move
67. are being made 68.when
69. considering 70.as
短文改錯：
71. Known that our school ...
Known → Knowing
72. ... give some advices. advices → advice
73. ... are interested at ... at → in
74. ... that provide us with ... that → which
75. As result ... result前加a
76. ... and singing ... singing → sing
77. When we are always ...
When→ Although /Though / While
78. ... we can't easy communicate ...
easy → easily
79. ... why I suggested ...
suggested → suggest
80. I'll be glad that if ... 去掉that
One possible version:
Canyou imagine how science and technology will change our life in 2050?
With science and technologyused in every aspect of life at that time, we'll live in a greener world withtrees, birds, flowers, blue skies and sunshine. And we'll be able to arrangethings like meals, bathing and sleep with our smart phones. Robots will be ableto do most of the housework for us.
Asfor work, we'll mostly work at home, communicating ideas for work online. Ifnecessary, we'll have video meetings with our partners around the world.
Duringour free time, we'll be able to travel to places of interest in new vehicleslike flying cars. We'll even enjoy space trips to the moon and other planets.
部分解析
閱讀理解：
第一節：
A篇 (體育)
本文是應用文。文章是一則女孩之夜：足球高爾夫的通知。
21. B。細節理解題。由第一段的最後一句可知，參加Girl's NightOut的女孩不需要帶高爾夫球桿和釘鞋，只需要穿運動鞋。
22. D。細節理解題。由第三段中的Foot Golf is whathappens when you combine golf and soccer可知，Foot Golf是一項把高爾夫運動和足球運動結合在一起的運動。
23. B。推理判斷題。根據文章內容以及倒數第三段中的To manage thenumber of people ... Here is a quick and easy form to fill out。。可知，本文是一則通知。
B篇 (學校生活)
本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了作者參加美國公共關系學生學會的會議之後的感受。
24. D。細節理解題。由第一段中的I don't always get thechance to go to the ones I want because of classes and other schele conflicts可知，作者因為有課或者其他的日程沖突而不能去參加他想參加的會議。
25. B。推理判斷題。由第一段中的Having five days ...was great和第二段中的One ofthe sessions I enjoyed以及文中的描述可知，作者非常喜歡參加PRSSA的會議。
26. A。推理判斷題。由第二、三段的描述可知，作者從PRSSA的會議中學到很多，再結合第四段中的also allowed ...know each other better ... always try to help each other，可以推斷出，PRSSA的會議可以讓其成員受益。
27. D。推理判斷題。由最後一段的描述可知，作者強烈建議讀者若有機會一定要去參加PRSSA的會議。
C篇 (語言學習)
本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了語言不斷消失的現象以及導致語言消失的原因。
28. B。推理判斷題。第一段列的數字就是為了說明科學家SteveSutherland的觀點：languagesare in more danger of extinction than birds or mammals，即語言比鳥類和哺乳動物消失的速度快。
29. C。詞義猜測題。由第四段中的Languages may be lostthrough migration和Governmentsalso play a role in the extinction of languages可知，本段主要講述了導致語言消失的原因，故由此推斷，devastate意為「毀壞」。
30. C。細節理解題。由倒數第二段中的As languages arelost, whole ways of life and knowledge may be lost along with them可知，隨著語言的消失，與之相應的生活方式和知識也會消失。
31. A。推理判斷題。由最後一段中的language expressessomething about identity, about our place in the world以及Ani Rauhihi說的話可知，我們的語言反映了我們的身份和在世界上的位置。
D篇 (現代技術)
本文是說明文。文章主要說明了機器人是永遠不會有感情的。
32. C。細節理解題。由第三段中的computers can't handleany process that completely integrates information和第四段中的the ability to integrateinformation is a key feature of consciousness可知，計算機沒有整合信息的能力，所以沒有意識。
33. C。細節理解題。由第五、六段的描述可知，大腦可以整合信息，第六段舉例來說明這一論點。
34. B。推理判斷題。由最後一段可知，人類不可能找到機器人愛人。
35. B。標題歸納題。本文主要講述了數學模型表明機器人不會像人類一樣有情感體驗，機器人是永遠不會有感情的，故B項作標題最能概括文章主旨。
第二節：
話題：社會
本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了孩子童年時期成長的各個階段。
36. A。由第一段的描述以及下文中的There are severalstages of child development可知，A項「這種成長被稱為兒童發展」符合此處語境。
37. F。由該空前的Their thinking skills alsoimprove和該空後的They liketo what other people say and do可知，F項「他們慢慢開始把詞放在一起來組句子」符合此處語境。
38. C。由該空前的Children learn many importantskills ring this stage以及該空後的Playing with others helps them learn how to get along with all kindsof people可知，C項內容「他們學習如何玩有簡單規則的游戲」符合此處語境。
39. D。由該空後的They become better at ...understand how to be helpful to others可知，在接近青春期的歲月，他們會變得更加獨立。
40. E。由上文的描述以及該空後的As preteens becometeenagers, they move one step closer ...可知，E項「接近青春期歲月的結束標志著童年的結束」符合此處語境。
語言知識運用：
第一節：
話題：人際關系
本文是記敘文。一名男顧客幫一位經濟困難的女顧客付款的事情讓作者重拾對人性的信心。
41. B。由下文的描述可知，這位女顧客近來處境「艱難（hard）」。
42. C。由上下文的描述可知，她前一天晚上來過，這次返回來是要「決定（determine）」她能買得起什麼。
43. A。由下文中的was only enough for oneblanket可知，她想給自己和兩個兒子買「毯子（blankets）」。
44. D。由上下文的描述可知，她最後「決定（decision）」買一條毯子和其他一些東西。
45. C。46. A。由該句中的all of the cash, but it was only enough for one blanket可知，她「數出（counted out）」所有的零錢，卻只能買一條毯子，沒錢購買「剩餘的（rest）」物品。
47. D。由文中的描述可知，這位先生正「等著（waiting）」結賬。
48. B。由下文中的signaled to me可知，他「靜靜地（quietly）」看著。
49. C。由下文的描述可知，他告訴「我」他想為這位女顧客「買（buy）」其他的東西。
50. D。由下文中的The man provided me with hiscredit card可知，當「我」問他是否確定時，他「點了點頭（nodded）」。
51. B。「當（while）」「我」請這位女顧客稍等片刻時，「我」很快算出了其他東西的價格。
52. A。由上文中的rang out the rest of thepurchases可知，此處指「總價（total）」。
53. C。這名男顧客「毫不猶豫地（without blinking）」提供了他的信用卡。
54. D。由上文中的credit card可知，他「簽了字（signed）」，離開了。
55. A。由上文中的all of the things were hers可知，「我」告訴她，她買的東西已經「結賬（checked out）」了。
56. B。由上文中的She stared at me可知，她非常「吃驚（shock）」。
57. D。由下文中的I started crying too可知，她感動地流下了「眼淚（tears）」。
58. A。在「我」十年的兼職工作中，「我」從未見過這樣的「無私行為（selflessness）」。
59. C。由上文中的good可知，這個世界上有很多「非常好的（great）」人。
60. B。由文中的描述可知，這名男顧客的善舉給這位女顧客帶來了「歡樂（joy）」和幫助。
第二節：
61. satisfaction。考查名詞。設空處作賓語，意為「滿意」，故填satisfaction。
62. that。考查連接詞。設空處引導賓語從句，且從句結構和意義均完整，故填that。
63. predicted。考查一般過去時。由once可知，此處應用一般過去時，故填predicted。
64. a。考查不定冠詞。a matter of ...意為「……的問題」。
65. that/ which。考查關系詞。設空處引導限制性定語從句修飾Devices，且在從句中作主語，故填that / which。
66. tomove。考查不定式作定語的用法。way作「方式」講時後跟帶to的不定式作定語，且robots與move之間是邏輯上的主謂關系，故填to move。
67. arebeing made。考查現在進行時的被動語態。由these days和becoming可知，此處應用現在進行時，且They（指代robots）與make之間是被動關系，故填are being made。
68. when。考查關系詞。設空處引導限制性定語從句修飾the 1950s，且在從句中作時間狀語，故填when。
69. considering。考查動詞-ing形式作狀語的用法。設空處作狀語，且engineers與consider之間是邏輯上的主謂關系，故填considering。
70. as。考查固定搭配。such as意為「例如」。
[選做題參考答案及解析]
[參考答案]
1-5 DADBC 6-10 DBDCA
[解析]
A篇 (自然)
本文是記敘文。文章講述了一隻成年美洲獅與其幼崽的生存法則。
1. D。細節理解題。由第一段中的How young cougars learnto hunt is one of the things cougar researchers ...及第二段中的he put expandable trackingcollars on them too, so he could follow them as they grew可知，給美洲獅幼崽脖子上佩戴項圈是為了觀察它們如何學習捕獵，也就是如何掌握生存技能的。
2. A。推理判斷題。由第三段中的Their brown and blackspots could mix with the forest, helping to keep them safe from predators可知，這些棕黑色的斑點與森林的顏色融合，可以保護美洲獅免受其他食肉動物的襲擊。
3. D。詞義猜測題。由劃線詞下文中的They'd still benursed for another month, but they were ready to go out of their hideaway withtheir mother可知，這些美洲獅幼崽應該是「急切地」想出去捕獵。
4. B。細節理解題。由倒數第三段中的The minute she makesthe kill, she hides it and heads back for the kittens, and they follow her tothe kill site可知，F51捕到獵物後，會叫來自己的孩子們一起分享食物。
5. C。主旨大意題。本文主要講述了美洲獅在森林裡與不同的對手抗衡捕獵的過程，由此可以推斷文章主要描述了它們的堅毅。
B篇 (現代技術)
本文是記敘文。加拿大一名學生發明了一種能夠幫助盲人自由行走的裝置。
6. D。細節理解題。由第一段中的which allows visuallyimpaired or blind people to be more mobile可知，Alex的發明能夠幫助盲人自如地行走。
7. B。細節理解題。由第三、四段可知，Alex受到一位盲人女士的啟發，想出了這個創意。
8. D。推理判斷題。由第六段中的works by using soundwaves to discover objects in the users' path and show how close things are tothem可推斷，蝙蝠用聲吶系統對周圍的物體進行定位。
9. C。推理判斷題。由倒數第三段可知，McLaughlin的這番話飽含著對Alex的贊揚。
10. A。細節理解題。由倒數第二段中的Alex is now workingclosely with the team at the science centre to hold an exhibition for hisinvention可知，他正在籌備他這項發明的展覽。
8. 新概念英語第三冊| Lesson 1 A puma at large 逃遁的美洲獅
Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.
The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.
美洲獅是一種體形似貓的大動物，產於美洲。當倫敦動物園接到報告說，在倫敦以南45英里處發現一豎困搭只美洲獅時，這些報告並沒有受到重視。可是，隨著證據越尺改來越多，動物園的專家們感到有必要余拿進行一番調查，因為凡是聲稱見到過美洲獅的人們所描述的情況竟是出奇地相似。
搜尋美洲獅的工作是從一座小村莊開始的。那裡的一位婦女在採摘黑莓時的看見「一隻大貓」，離她僅5碼遠，她剛看見它，它就立刻逃走了。專家證實，美洲獅非被逼得走投無路，是決不會傷人的。事實上搜尋工作很困難，因為常常是早晨在甲地發現那隻美洲獅，晚上卻在20英里外的乙地發現它的蹤跡。無論它走哪兒，一路上總會留下一串死鹿及死兔子之類的小動物，在許多地方看見爪印，灌木叢中發現了粘在上面的美洲獅毛。有人抱怨說夜裡聽見「像貓一樣的叫聲」；一位商人去釣魚，看見那隻美洲獅在樹上。專家們如今已經完全肯定那隻動物就是美洲獅，但它是從哪兒來的呢？由於全國動物園沒有一家報告丟了美洲獅，因此那隻美洲獅一定是某位私人收藏豢養的，不知怎麼設法逃出來了。搜尋工作進行了好幾個星期，但始終未能逮住那隻美洲獅。想到在寧靜的鄉村裡有一頭危險的野獸繼續逍遙流竄，真令人擔心。
◆spot /spɑt/v. 看出 發現pick out, see, recognize, catch sight of
n.斑點：There is a black spot on your shirt.
on the spot 立刻 馬上= at once, immediately [不正式的說法]
在現場at the place of the action
spot = see 強調結果 辨別出 看見 識別 發現
find 強調發現的結果
find out 查出事實真相
discover 做出重大發現
notice 注意到
observe ：觀察
watch 觀察活動中的人或畫面
recognize短暫認出
confirm確認
detect 偵察
check in/out 檢查
look into調查 = investigate
identify 確認 UFO- Unidentified Flying Object
◆evidence /'evɪdəns/n.證據 證明 物證 [不可數] =proof
in evidence 顯而易見的 顯眼 引人注目的
He was in evidence at the party.
evident /'evɪdənt/ adj.清楚的 顯而易見的 顯然的
evidently /evɪdəntli/ adv.顯而易見 顯然地 證據確鑿地
cumulate /'kjuːmjʊleɪt/ v. 堆積 adj. 累積的 堆積的
cumulation /kjʊmjʊ'leʃən/ n.積累 蓄積 堆積
cumulative /'kjumjələtɪv/ adj.漸增的 積累的 累積性
cumulatively /k'jumjʊleɪtɪvlɪ/ adv.累計地 累積地
◆accumulate /e'kju:mjuleit/ v. 積累 積聚[強調積累的過程]
accumulative /ə'kjumjə.leɪtɪv/ adj. 累計 積累的 累積性的
accumulation /ə.kjumjə'leɪʃ(ə)n/ n.積累 累積物 積聚 堆積
gather /'ɡæðər/ vt.聚集 把某人召集在某處
collect /kə'lekt/ v.收集 採集Do you collect stamps?
assemble /ə'semb(ə)l/ v. 集合 集會 裝配 組裝
hoard /hɔrd/ v.囤積 貯藏 大量顧貯存= store up
amass /ə'mæs/ v.積聚[主要用在詩歌和文學作品]= come together
◆cling-clung-clung /klɪŋ/ v. 粘 附著 依附 : hold tightly
stick /stɪk/ 粘住 stick the envelop
stick to 堅持stick to one's promise/word ;
sticky /'stɪki/ adj.粘的 悶熱的
◆hunt /hʌnt/n. 追獵 尋找 v. 打獵 搜尋 追捕
hunter /'hʌntər/ n.獵人 狩獵者
manhunt n.搜捕 搜索 追捕
witch-hunt 以莫須有罪名進行的政治迫害[搜捕女巫]
The last time a Democrat sat in the White House, he faced a nonstop witch hunt by his political opponents.
上次民主黨人入主白宮時，面臨政治對手無休無止的迫害。
hunt for 追獵 搜尋 hunt down 搜尋 尋找 窮追到底
run after :強調追趕 追求:What are you running after in your life?
seek 尋覓追尋= pursue 比較正式 比較美的詞彙（抽象）追求
chase 追趕：They are chasing the thief.
search 搜尋某處為了尋找到某人或某物
go for 喜歡 go after追求
◆ corner /'kɔrnər/ n.角落 拐角 街角 v.走投無路 逼…入絕境 拐彎
at the corner of the street
in the corner of the room
on the corner of the desk.
cut corners 走捷徑 抄近路
◆trail /'treil/n. 一串 一系列 v.跟蹤 追蹤 = follow
trailer /'treɪlər/ n.掛車 拖車 電影預告片
trial /'traɪəl/ v.試驗；試用 n.審判 試用 考驗
◆convince vt.使...信服：convince sb. of sth.
+賓語從句that搭配使用;
沒有賓語的情況下要採用主系表結構: be convinced of/that
convincible/kən'vɪnsɪbəl/ adj.可信服的 可被說服的
convincing /kən'vɪnsɪŋ/ adj.令人信服的 有說服力的
convincingly /kənˈvɪnsɪŋlɪ/ adv.有說服力地 讓人信服地
invincible / ɪn'vɪnsəb(ə)l/ adj.不可戰勝的 所向披靡
invincibility /ɪnˌvɪnsə'bɪləti/ n.無敵
◆puma /'pjumə/n. 美洲獅
◆print /print/n. 印痕 v.列印 印刷
printer n.列印機 印刷商
imprint /ɪm'prɪnt/ n.壓印 印記 痕跡 v.壓印 產生重大影響 使銘記
◆somehow /'sʌmhaʊ/ adv. 不知怎麼搞地不 不知為什麼
somewhat /'sʌmwɑt/ adv.有點 稍微 有幾分
someway / 'sʌm.weɪ/ adv.以某種方法 以某種方式 設法
berry /'beri/ n.漿果 莓
strawberry /ˈstrɔˌberi/ n.草莓
straw /strɔ/ n.吸管 稻草 麥桿
◆blackberry /'blæk.beri/ n. 黑莓
human /'hjumən/ n. 人 adj.人本性的 有人情味的
humanity /hju'mænəti/ n.博愛 人性 人類 人道 仁慈
humane /hju'meɪn/ adj.人道的 善良的 仁慈的
inhumane /ɪnhju'meɪn/ adj.殘忍的 不人道的 無動於衷的
inhumanity /ɪnhju'mænəti/ n.非人道 不人道 殘酷的行為
humanism /'hjumə.nɪzəm/ n.人道主義 人文精神
humanist /'hju:mənɪst/ n.人道主義者
humanistic /hjuːmə'nɪstɪk/ adj.人道主義的 人文主義的
humanitarian /hju.mænɪ'teriən/ n.慈善家 人道主義者
humanize /'hjumə.naɪz/ v.使更適合人 使更人道
humankind /hjumən'kaɪnd/ n.[統稱]人 人類 = human race
◆human being /'hjumən 'biːɪŋ / n.人類
human capital 人力資本 人力資源
HR human resource 人力資源 人事部
human rights 人權 human nature 人性
human race 人類 人類種族
◆oblige /ə'blaɪdʒ/ v.使...感到必須 效勞 迫使 oblige to 強迫
feel obliged to do sth:感覺有必要做某事；
I feel obliged to say no to his demand.
be obliged to do sth. 被迫做某事 = be forced to do sth.
obligate /'ɒblɪgeɪt/ v. 強制 使負義務adj.強制性的 有責任的
obligation /ɑblɪ'ɡeɪʃ(ə)n/ n.義務 責任 職責
obligatory /ə'blɪɡə.tɔri/ adj.義務的 強制性的 義不容辭的
mandatory /'mændə.tɔri/ adj.強制的 法定的 義務的
mandatory attendance 強制出勤[義務教育上的強制上課]
◆disturb /dɪ'stɜrb/ v. 令人不安 打擾 干擾 弄亂
disturbance /dɪ'stɜrbəns/ n.干擾 障礙 紊亂 騷亂
disturb v. cause sb to be worried/upset/anxious
disturbing adj.令人不安的 disturbed adj.感到不安的
◆at large :逃遁的，沒有被控制的= on the loose
詳細的 (in detail ): I need talk to you at large .
總體來講(as a whole ) = in general大體上
The students at large are hungry for English.
◆ possess /possess/ v.擁有 控制 佔有 支配 具備
possession /pə'zeʃ(ə)n/ n.擁有 具有 屬地 個人財產
in the possession of sb.為...所有=in sb's possession ;
in possession of sth.擁有某物
take possession of擁有
possessive /pə'zesɪv/ adj.佔有欲強的 不願分享的 n.所有格
英語從句主要有定語從句，狀語從句和名詞性從句（主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句）
●狀語從句
◆原因:because, since, now that（既然,as, for, this reason...
◆結果:so that, so, therefore, consequently, so as to, as a result
◆時間：after, before, when, while, as, until, as soon as, since, by the time, once, lately, presently, shortly after, currently, at present, nowadays...
◆條件：if, only if., once, unless, in the event (that), in case (that), provided that, on the condition that, etc.
◆讓步：though, although, even though(if), no matter what/ how/when→ whatever/however / whenever...
◆ 目的：in order that, in order to, to,
◆ 比較：than, as ... as, by comparison（相比較），by contrast（相對照）...
●名詞性從句- 通常由 that或疑問詞導出。
How some mammals came to live in the sea is not know.
（主語從句）
The attorney told his client that they had little chance of winning the case.（賓語從句）
The problem is what we'll do next.（表語從句）
We have no idea that he has come back.（同位語從句）
●同位語（Appositive）:
同位語是英語語法的重點內容，也是各類考試中的一個考點，同時，在寫作中正確運用同位語可以使你的句型更加簡潔得體。
When reports came into London zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. 在這里，a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London就是同位語從句，它本來應該放在 「reports」後面，這里卻被放在了謂語成分 came into London zoo的後面，目的是讓句型顯得更為穩重。
◆同位語從句，就是對某些名詞做進一步的解釋的句子。
I was greatly shocked when I heard the news that his father died yesterday.
（that 引導的句子解釋了news的內容，注意：that不做任何成分）
We have to face the fact that the weather is unexpectedly bad.
（that 引導的句子解釋了fact的內容）
★同位語從句則是講述被修飾名詞的內容
關系詞用that而不是which 時間- when 地點-where
An idea came to me that I might do the experiment in another way. I have no diea what has happened to him.
★能接同位詞從句的名詞有：belief 信仰 , fact, idea, doubt, rumor 謠言, evidence證據, conclusion結論, suggestion建議, problem, order, answer, discovery發 現, explanation解釋, principle原則, possibility可能性, truth, promise承諾, report報告, statement聲明, knowledge知識, opinion 觀點, likelihood 可能性, reason, advice...
◆ 同位語一般由that引導，但也可以用關系代詞which, who, what和關系副詞when, where, why, how或 whether 引導。
There arouse the question whether we could win the game.
I have no idea howto explain it.
◆ 一些介詞片語後面也能引導同位語從句:
on the assumption在...前提下
on the ground由於...原因
on the condition that在...條件下
with the exception有...例外
owing to the fact由於...事實
on the understanding基於...理解
The young lady promised to marry the old man on the condition that he bought her a villa.
那位年輕的女士答應嫁給那位老頭，條件是他給她買一幢別墅。
●分隔式同位語從句
◆為了使句型平衡不至於頭重腳輕，有時同位語從句可以放到句子的末尾，（讀兩遍此定義，然後看倒句：）
An idea came to him that he might write to her to ask more information about the matter.
I got information from my friend that there will be a marvelous American movie "Titanic".
◆同位語從句與定語從句之區別
定語從句的引導詞 that 或 which在句子中用作主語或賓語，而同位語從句的引導詞that只起連接主句和從句之作用，不用作任何成分。
I've got an answer that A is right. (同位語從句，that 不做成分)
I've got an answer that surprised me a lot.（定語從句，that做定語從句的主語）
●可以充當同位語的片語或短語。
◆名詞短語。（使句型更為簡潔）
Bill Clinton, the president of America, came to China to pay an official visit in 1998.
Lu Xun, one of the greatest essayists in China, played an overwhelmingly important role in Chinese literature history.
◆動名詞片語亦可用作同位語：別忘了加逗號。（使句型更為流暢）
I'm crazy about the game, playing baseball.
Going to concert, that sounds a great idea.
◆不定式短語。（陌生只是掌握的開始）
The problem what to do next remains unsolved.
Her claim to have finished his work is nothing but a white lie.
◆形容詞片語。（有逗號隔開）
All the workers, young or old, should be treated equally.
Young man, short or tall, should have the right to take the opportunity.
●同位語的引導詞。（重要！這是中高級寫作中不可缺少的引導成分）
引導詞用來表示同位語與它所說明的同位成分之間的關系：
◆namely, that it is, that is to say（也就是說）, in other words（換句話說), or, for short 表示等同關系。
◆such as, say, so to speak（譬如說）, including（包括）, for instance（或 for example (e.g./eg),表示舉例和列舉關系。
◆especially, mostly, chiefly, or better, in particular, particularly表示突出重點, (在高難度閱讀中表示後面的部分為更重要或更突出的部分，是出題的關鍵點。)
★一般來講定語從句和同位語從句緊隨在被修飾名詞後面,但為了保持句子的平衡,也可以把謂語動詞放在從句之前；
定語從句只是對於被修飾詞的補充說明，修飾；
● 指人：主語: who 賓語: who/whom 定語：whose
The teacher who teaches us is a man.
The teacher teaches Tom whose father is a doctor.
● 表達事物：that (也可指人） which
This is an apple that/which is from China.
● 時態狀語：when
At the time when I arrived, He was about to leave.
● 地點狀語：where
This is the school Where I learned English.
● 原因狀語：why
That's why I don't want to go out.
定語從句中which以及指代人的賓語的whom,在非正式用法當中可以省略；省略時,介詞不能前置到關系代詞whom, which前,只能用於非固定的動詞短語後面;
介詞不能前置: look at 注視 look for 尋找
介詞可以前置: live in居住
This is the old house in which he lived;
This is the old house he lived in.
This is the paper on which I learned the news.
He came home with a book on which he drew a bird.
He went to the garden again at where he picked some apples.
He arrived at the time when I was very busy.
The found a cave in which gold was found.
She gets a new teacher from whom she learns English.
She finished her homework with whom was her teacher.
The news on which a man was at large proved to be fake.
#非謂語動詞#所有的非謂語動詞前+ not,構成它的否定形式
●to do:
一般式主動 to do
一般式被動to be done
完成式主動 to have done
完成式被動 to have been done
●現在分詞doing:
一般式主動doing
一般式被動being done
完成式主動 having done
完成式被動 having been done
●過去分詞done:
完成式主動 having done
完成式被動 having been done
The reports received by London Zoo that a puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London were similar in nature.A woman picking blackberries saw it first , but the puma moved from place to place ,leaving a trail of dead deer and small animals.Paw prints and puma fur were found as well ." cat-like noises" were heard at night and the animal was seen up a tree. Now experts were convinced that the animal really was a puma.
Mrs. Stone had spent the whole morning picking blackberries in the
countryside near her home.It was nearly lunch time, so she decided to
return home for lunch. She was just picking up her basket when she heard
a noise in the bushes.Then she saw an animal which looked like a cat.
She knew it was not a cat because it was so large.The animal suddenly
turned round to look at her and she thought it was going to come towards
her and perhaps attack her. She dropped her basket and screamed loudly.
Hearing the sound, the animal disappeared into the bishes, after which
Mrs. Stone picked up her basket and ran all the way home. She told the
neighbours that she had seen a puma in the countryside, but they did not
believe her. She also telephoned the police but they did not believe
her either.
9. 發幾篇帶有翻譯的英語美文，自考英語二的水平，俗稱三級半。
人生中的大石頭
One day, an expert in time management was speaking to
a group of students and, to drive home a point, used
an illustration those students will never forget.
一天，時間管理專家為一群學生講課。他現場做了演示，給學生們留下了一生都難以磨滅的印象。
As he stood in front of the group of overachievers he
said, OK, time for a quiz. He pulled out a
one-gallon, wide-mouth jar and set it on the table in front of him.
He also proced about a dozen fist-sized rocks and carefully placed them,
one at a time, into the jar. When the jar was filled
to the top and no more rocks would fit inside, he asked,
Is this jar full?
站在那些高智商高學歷的學生前面，他說：「我們來做個小測驗」，拿出一個一加侖的廣口瓶放在他面前的桌上。隨後，他取出一堆拳頭大小的石塊，仔細地一塊放進玻璃瓶。直到石塊高出瓶口，再也放不下了，他問道：「瓶子滿了？」
Everyone in the class yelled, Yes. The time management
expert replied, Really? He reached under the table and
pulled out a bucket of gravel. He mped some gravel in
and shook the jar, causing pieces of gravel to work
themselves down into the spaces between the big rocks.
He then asked the group once more, Is this jar full?
所有學生應道：「滿了！」。時間管理專家反問：「真的？」他伸手從桌下拿出一桶礫石，倒了一些進去，並敲擊玻璃瓶壁使礫石填滿下面石塊的間隙。「現在瓶子滿了嗎？」他第二次問道。
By this time the class was on to him. Probably not, one of them answered. Good!
he replied. He reached under the table and brought out a bucket of sand. He started
mping the sand in the jar and it went into all of the spaces left between the rocks
and the gravel. Once more he asked the question, Is this jar full?
但這一次學生有些明白了，「可能還沒有」，一位學生應道。「很好！」專家說。他伸手從桌下拿出一桶沙子，開始慢慢倒進玻璃瓶。沙子填滿了石塊和礫石的所有間隙。他又一次問學生：「瓶子滿了嗎？」
No! the class shouted. Once again he said, Good. Then he grabbed a pitcher of water
and began to pour it in until the jar was filled to the brim. Then he looked at the
class and asked, What is the point of this illustration? One eager student raised
his hand and said, The point is, no matter how full your schele is, if you try
really hard you can always fit some more things in it!
「沒滿！」學生們大聲說。他再一次說：「很好！」然後他拿過一壺水倒進玻璃瓶直到水面與瓶口平。抬頭看著學生，問道：「這個例子說明什麼？」一個心急的學生舉手發言：「無論你的時間多少，如果你確實努力，你可以做更多的事情！」
No, the speaker replied, thats not the point. The truth this illustration teaches
us is if you dont put the big rocks in first, youll never get them in at all. What
are the big rocks in your life? Time with your loved ones, your ecation, your
dreams, a worthy cause, teaching or mentoring others? Remember to put these big rocks
in first or youll never get them in at all.
「不！」時間管理專家說，「那不是它真正的意思，這個例子告訴我們：如果你不是先放大石塊，那你就再也不能把它放進瓶子了。那麼，什麼是你生命中的大石頭呢？也許是你的道德感、你的夢想？還有你的---切切記得先去處理這些大石塊，否則，一輩子你都不能做！」
10句英文勵志的話
1. Don't worry, be happy!
別擔心，快樂點！
2. Look on the bright side.
看光明的一面。（往好的一面看。）
3. Keep your chin up. Everything will be all right.
抬頭挺胸（不要氣餒）。一切會沒問題的。
4. Take it easy, man. Its not that big of adeal.
放輕松，老兄。沒什麼大不了的。
5. Heaven will always leave a door open.
天堂永遠留一扇開著的門。（天無絕人之路。）
6. Be more optimistic! Its not the end of the world.
樂觀一點！又不是世界末日。
7. Laugh, and the world will laugh with you.
如果你笑（樂觀），世界也會陪你一塊歡笑。
8. Don't get down. Things will work out eventually.
別失望，事情最後總會有辦法解決的。
9. Life is full of trial and error. One failure doesn't mean you're out of the picture.
人生充滿了嘗試與錯誤。一次失敗不代表你就出局了。
10. Hang in there! / Stick to it! The victory will go to you in theend.
堅持下去，勝利最後會屬於你的。
Two mutes love(兩個啞巴的愛情)
他是個啞巴，雖然能聽懂別人的話，卻說不出自己的感受，她是他的鄰居，一個和外婆相依為命的女孩，她一直喊他哥哥。
He is a mute,Although can understand others speech,Cannot say own actually feeling,She is
his neighbor,The girl who is bound by a common destiny with the grandmother.
他真象個哥哥，帶她上學，伴她玩耍，含笑聽她唧唧喳喳講話。
He really looks like an elder brother,Leads her to go to school,Accompanies her to play,Listens to her chirp with a smile grasps the speech.
它只用手勢和她交談，可能她能讀懂他的每一個眼神。從哥哥注視她的目光里，她知道他有多麼喜歡自己。
He only uses the hand signal and she converses,Possible she to be able to read his each look. Gazes at in her vision from elder brother,She knew he has likes oneself.
後來，她終於考上了大學，非常開心，他便開始拚命掙錢，然後源源不斷地寄給她。她從來沒有拒絕。
Afterwards,She finally tests went to college,Extremely happy,He then starts to go all out to make money,Then sends continuously for her. She has not rejected.
終於，她畢業了，參加了工作。然後，她堅定地對他說：「哥哥，我要嫁給你！」他象只受驚的兔子逃掉了，再也不肯見她，無論她怎樣哀求。Finally,She has graated,Started the work. Then,she said firmly to him that,「Elder brother,I must marry to you!」 He looked like only the frightened rabbit to escape, again is not willing to see her,how regardless of she does entreat.
她這樣說：「你以為我同情你嗎？想報答你嗎？不是，我12歲我就愛上你了。」可是，她得不到他的回答。
Do you think i pity you? Do you think i appreciate you? no, i've fallen in love with you since i was 12 。But,She can not obtain his reply.
有一天，她突然住進了醫院。他嚇壞了，跑去看他。醫生說，她喉嚨里長了一個瘤，雖然切除了，卻破壞了聲帶，可能再也講不了話了。病床上，她淚眼婆娑的注視著他，於是，他們結婚了。 One day,She has been admitted to the hospital suddenly. He has scared,Runs looks at him. Doctor said,In her throat steadily a lump,Although has excised,Destroyed the vocal cord actually, Possibly again also could not deliver the speech. On hospital bed,Her tearful eyes dance gaze he,Therefore they married.
很多年，沒有人聽他們講過一句話。他們用手，用筆，用眼神交談，分享喜悅和悲傷。他們成了相戀男女羨慕的對象。人們說，那一對多麼幸福的啞巴夫妻啊！Very many years,Nobody listens to them to deliver a speech. They use the hand,With pen,Converses with the look, Shares is joyful and is sad. They became have loved the object which the men and women envied. The people said,That pair of how happy mute husbands and wives!
愛情阻擋不了死神的降臨，他撇下她一個人先走了。
Love could not prevent god of death arrival,He abandoned her to walk first.
人們怕她經受不住失去愛侶的打擊來安慰她，這時，她收回注視他遺像的獃痴目光，突然開口說：「他還是走了。The people feared she cannot undergo loses lover's attack to comfort her。By now, She takes back gazes at his portrait after-image the ll crazy vision,Opens the mouth to say suddenly that,「He walked.」
謊言已揭穿了…………The rumor has revealed ............