初二英語閱讀理解圖表類
摘 要：本文探討了初中英語閱讀教學領域的傳統手段和這些手段的弊端；論述了在閱讀教學中運用圖表進行教學的好處；並從閱讀的若干環節著手，對初中英語閱讀教學中的圖表應用的意義、作用以及具體運用作出了分析和研究。
關鍵詞：初中英語 閱讀教學 圖表 應用
一、 傳統閱讀方式的弊端和圖表應用的優點
1. 閱讀在英語考試中佔有很大的比重，它一般包括我們常見的完形填空和閱讀理解，此外還有學生失分較嚴重的閱讀表達。如此一來，在整個教學過程中閱讀課成為了教學的重點和難點。英語教師都有深刻的體會，雖然教師就課文內容向學生提了很多精心設計的問題，以有助於學生理解內容，與此同時，還認真地分析和闡述學生難以理解的長句、難句和知識點，但是，學生對文章的理解仍不夠透徹，對文章整體意思只有模糊的印象，缺乏系統、深人的理解。這種現象充分表明，因循守舊的教學方式沒有足夠重視讓學生理解文章的核心內容、正面的思維方式以及深度地領悟作者的想法。
2. 學生可以採用各式圖表表達語篇內容。圖表可以將難以理解的知識清晰地以圖表形式在閱讀教學中表現出來。根據課文內容及寫作組織方式的不同，教師可以利用不同的圖表形式來概括文章帆宏頌的主要內容。
二、 利用圖表進行讀前預測
學生在閱讀之前，要最大程度地運用圖表進行相關的邏輯推理。邏輯推理的行為能夠讓學生推導出關系密切的課文內容和知識，充分利用必不可少的圖表。這屬於預測手段，有利於學生加深對篇章的理解和認識，抓住它的核心和關鍵內容。這樣一來，即便在閱讀過程中，有很多不認識的詞彙和難以把握的結構，也不會妨礙讀者理解文章內容。從標題中就可以讓學生猜文章的體裁以及故事的類型等，從而讓學生對文章產生興趣。
三、 表格能概括內容的核心要素
例如，在略讀時可以運用表格歸納出下列幾個要素：
略讀的目的在於獲得文章的總體思想，快速把握對文章的宏觀印象。故事體裁包含的時間、地點、人物、事情等幾個方面用表格的形式讓學生通讀全文後填寫，便於學生掌握短文的大意。
要提醒學生關注插圖，因為插圖通常和內容的主旨密切相關。要關注文章的標題，這是因為標題表明了文章的核心內容、表達方式和創作目的。文章的開始、過渡語句（如表示先後順序的詞語next， then， at first和表示總結的態鄭短語in brief， to conclude等）、核心句等，都能幫助學生了解事情之間的聯系、文章的結構和創作者的想法和觀點等。
四、 精讀時利用圖表引導學生抓住文章的細節內容
例如，尋找下面圖表中問題的答案有助於理解文章的細節內容。
為了獲得某些有用的既定信息，通常會採取精讀的方式進行閱讀，這樣就可以找到有用信息來處理相關問題。在閱讀的過程中，要最大限度地運用圖表處理相關的信息內容，這樣，學生就可以提高查找和選擇相關信息的能力。學生可以對起作用的信息進行加工、補充、選擇、判斷和推理等。
絕扒五、 利用圖表中所示的關鍵詞或句子引導學生復述課文以達到鞏固的效果
為了增強學生組織語言和表達的能力，最有效的途徑之一就是復述課文。在復述過程中，如沒有絲毫提示，學生在復述時都會面臨很大的困難。但是，圖表可以作為相關的框架，操作起來也很方便。所以，教師可以把圖表中的內容展示出來，學生在復述時，可以作為結構和框架，整理自己的思路、強化記憶，並把所獲得的知識轉變為長時記憶，提高閱讀效果。
六、 總結
圖表教學在閱讀課中的應用具有諸多優點，它能夠使學生對材料有清晰深刻的理解，不再只滿足於回答幾個簡單的問題，讓學生也掌握了處理語言材料的方法，提高了學生綜合運用語言的能力。
參考文獻：
1. 施佩佩.初中英語語法教學的有效策略［J］.文理導航，2012（4）.
2. 圖表閱讀根據表格內容回答下列問題，英語。
紐約的天氣如何？ 小雨 It is rainy, but not that heave.
北京天氣如何？ 多雲 It is cloudy.
倫敦專是多屬雲和下雨嗎？ 是的 Yes. It is.
悉尼天氣如何？ 陽光明媚 It is suny.
北京下雪嗎？ 沒有 No, it is not.
3. 英語作文中最難的圖表類作文有哪些寫作技巧
英語作文是一項主觀性較強的測試題。它不僅考查學生的寫作基礎而且還考查學生在寫作過程中綜合運用語言的能力。答案開放、多元，有利於培養學生的創新思維。英語作文決不是停留在句子翻譯的層面上，而是要求語言流暢，語法正確，邏輯合理。考生在寫作時要把握好三個環節：寫作之前：仔細審題、按規定寫、准備寫作。寫作之中：書法規范、精心構思、行文正確。寫作之後：通讀全文、查找錯誤、周密推敲.
英語寫作是語言應用的一個重要方面，也是語言能力測定的重要手段，衡量寫作水平的
標准便是看其是否能用學過的語言材料，語法知識等用文字的形式來表達描述。
書面語言表達一般分為三個過程：思維、組織、表達。先是思維，把要寫的東西在腦中
思考，這往往是個別的，孤立的一些素材，很凌亂瑣碎；因此要對此進行組織，把這些思維
作出整理，使其條理、系統化，但這還是較粗糙的，可能還有一些用詞不當或語言錯誤；最
後才是表達，把組織過的材料仔細推敲，確無問題了再落筆成文。在撰寫時要注意主謂語一
致，時態呼應，用詞貼切等，這就是寫作。上述的三個過程，最難的就是第三個過程，這需
要我們有較好的語法知識，掌握一定數量的句型，習慣用語，熟練的寫作技巧，這樣才能寫
出通順生動的文章來。
總之，要提高英語寫作水平，需要兩方面的訓練：一是語言基礎方面的訓練，要有扎實
的造句、翻譯等基本功，即用詞法、句法等知識造出正確無誤的句子；二是寫作知識和能力
方面的訓練以掌握寫作方面的基本方法和技巧。
那麼，究竟怎樣才能寫好作文呢？
閱讀優秀範文
首先要搞好閱讀。閱讀是寫作的基礎，在閱讀方面下的功夫越深，駕馭語言的能力也就
越強。所以要寫好英語先要讀好英語，在語言學習方面狠下苦功，教科書要讀透，因為教科
書中的文章都是一些很好的範文，文筆流暢，語言規范，精彩的一些課文段落要背誦。再就
是要進行大量課外閱讀，並記住一些好文章的篇章結構。
加強練詞造句訓練
其次，要加強練詞造句的訓練。詞句對作文相當於造房的材料，無好材料就造不出好房
子。平時在學習閱讀時要注意收集積累，把好的詞語、短語、句型做好筆記。平時在練習中
的錯誤也要做好記錄，再對照正確句子，使地道的英語句子如同條件反射，落筆就對。
了解英語寫作格式 還有，要了解英語寫作的不同體裁與格式。可以先看一本介紹英
語寫作入門的書，對英語寫作有一個初步的概念，如怎麼寫議論文，如何提出論據，如何展
開，如何確定中心句；又如，英語信的格式，如何根據不同身份寫不同結束語等，然後根據
不同的體裁進行寫作練習。
用英語寫日記
要養成記英語日記勤練筆的好習慣。經常用英語記日記，等於天天在練筆，這無疑是提
高英語協作的行之有效的好辦法。在記日記時，不要總是用簡單句，要有意識地用一些好的
片語、句型、關聯詞和復合句等，使文句更優美生動。還有要按照題目或所給情景寫文章練
筆。寫好後對照範文，找出差距，然後再練習，這對提高英語作文也很有幫助，在游泳中學
會游泳，只有多練習才能練好。
總之，平時學習語言素材積累多了，體裁格式記住了又經常練習不斷提高，到作文下筆
時就會得心應手，水到渠成。
4. 初二秋季學期英語閱讀理解題及答案
初二秋季學期英語閱讀理解題及答案
新學期開學，老師們總要把上學期英語試題講解一遍，下面是我整理的.初二秋季學期英語試題，希望能幫到大家!
(一) 根據短文內容，判斷下列句子正誤。正確的用“A”表示，不正確的用“B”表示。
A
The winter holiday is coming. What are the students going to do ring the winter holiday? We did a survey and this is what we learned. All students like the winter holiday because there is an important festival—the Spring Festival. Most students say they are going to finish their homework first. After finishing homework they can have a good time. During the Spring Festival, they are going to visit their friends and relatives(親戚). They’re going to buy some new clothes and good food. Most students are going to watch TV with their families. Some are going to play computer games with their friends. Li Lei is going to travel with his parents. They are going to Hainan Island because it’s warm in winter. Huang Jing is going to the countryside to see her grandparents with her parents. Yang Fan is going to take guitar lessons. He loves to play the guitar. Lin Juan is going to play ping-pong every day in the winter holiday. She wants to have a healthy body. I hope all of them can enjoy themselves ring the holiday.
21. There is an important festival ring the winter holid ay.
22. Most students are going to visit their friends first ring the winter holiday.
23. Most students are going to watch TV with their friends.
24. Li Lei is going to Hainan Island with his parents because it’s warm in winter.
25. Lin Juan loves to play the guitar and ping-pong.
(二)根據短文內容，選擇最佳答案。
B
Shopping online is one of the most important part of our life now. Taobao is China’s largest online shopping website(購物網站). People spend lots of money on Taobao every year.
Now more and more Internet users have enjoyed online shopping. Most online shoppers are students or young workers. More women shop online than men. Clothing and home-use things are the most popular online. It’s said that people spent more than 250 billion(十億) yuan on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao. People can find almost everything they need on Taobao, from clothes to books, DVD players and so on.
Shopping online is very safe and convenient(方便的), too. You can finish it without l eaving home. If you receive the procts (產品) from the sellers, but you aren’t happy with them, the shop keeper will not get the money. You can also get the money back if you want to return (退還) them.
根據短文內容，選擇最佳答案。
26. What are the most popular online?
A. Candies and DVD players. B. Treasure procts.
C. Clothing and home-use things. D. C lothes and books.
27. Taobao is_________.
A. a shopping mall B. an online shopping website
C. an online shopper D. China’s largest website
28.What does the writer think of shopping online?
A. It’s cheap. B. It’s expensive.
C. It’s dangerous. D. It’s safe and convenient.
29. In the last paragraph, the underlined word them refers to (所指) _________.
A. the procts B. the shop owners C. the sellers D. the online shops
30. Which is the best title of the passage?
A. More women shop online than men. B. Online shopping in China.
C. Shopping online is very not safe. D. China’s online shopper.
C
The sun is huge, hot and bright(明亮度). It is important because nothing can live without it. The sun gives us light(光) and heat.
All living things need light and heat from the sun to live. Plants need light and heat to grow. They use the light from the sun to make food. We can not make our own food, but plants can. All the food we eat comes from plants in a food chain(鏈) and it starts with the sun. For exa mple, animals need sun-light, too. Just like us, their food co mes from a food chain. The food chain begins with the sun and the plants.
Sunlight means we can see ring the day. If there was no sun, it would be dark all the time. Even when the sky is cloudy, the sunlight is very strong and it shines(照耀) through the clouds.
31. Which is the best title(題目) of this passage?
A. Plants B. A Food chain C. Living Things D. The Sun
32. What are the two main things the sun gives us?
A. Light and heat B. Heat and eggs C. Corn and light D. Wheat and bread
33. Why can we still see ring the day when it is cloudy?
A. Because we can see all day and all night.
B. Because the sun can’t give us light all day long.
C. Because the sun light can shine through the clouds.
D. Because we can’t see at night.
34. All the food we eat comes from ________. And it starts with the ________.
A. plants; earth(地球) B. a food chain; sun C. food; sun D. plants; star(星)
35. _______ can live without the sun.
A. Men B. Potatoes C. Wheat D. Nothing
參考答案：21-25 ABBAB 26-30. CBDAB 31-35. DACBD
;5. 八年級英語閱讀理解及答案
八年級英語閱讀理解及答案
英語的'閱讀內容涉及的范圍較廣，有關於歷史的也有關現實生活的，有故事性的文章，也有經濟、科技、軍事等方面的文章。下面是我分享的八年級(初二)的英語閱讀理解題，希望能幫到大家!
初二英語閱讀理解【1】
The best way of learning a language is using it. The best way of learning English is talking in English as much as possible. Sometimes you’ll get your words mixed up(混合) and people won’t understand you. Sometimes people will say things too quickly and you couldn’t understand them. But if you sense of humor (幽默感), you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes. It’s better for people to laugh at your mistakes than to be angry with you, because they don’t understand what you are saying. The most important thing for learning English is :” Don’t be afraid of making mistakes because everyone makes mistakes.”
( )1. The writer thinks that the best way for you to learn a language is _____
A. writing it B. using it C. listening D. learning grammar
( )2. What should you do in learning English?
A. Be careful not to make any mistakes B. Write as quickly as you can
C. Speak English as much as you can D. Laugh more often
( )3. When people laugh at your mistakes, you should _____
A. not care B. be happy C. feel worried D. be unhappy
( )4. When you make s mistake, you should ______
A. keep quiet B. get angry C. be kind D. keep your sense of humor
( )5. The story tells us :“______”.
Only foolish(愚蠢) people make mistakes
Few people make mistakes C.People never make mistakes
D.There is no one who doesn’t make mistakes
答案： B.C.A.D.D
初二英語閱讀理解【2】
Look at the light and beautiful snowflakes(雪花)falling.Ever wanted to hold them in your hands?They are always lost when they meet your hands.
Well,this isn’t just a problem for you.It was a problem for Wilson Bentley,too.In the 1870s,Wilson Bentley was just a teenager.His family lived in a small town in northeast America.Winters there were long and hard.Bentley’s mother was once a school teacher. She taught him at home. Bentley didn’t go to school until he was
14. He was a quiet boy, and loved reading his mother’s books.But it was his mother’s microscope (顯微鏡) that interested him. When the other boys were playing with balls, little Bentley was studying things like drops of water, flowers and snowflakes. Bentley loved watching snowflakes. For the next two years young Bentley spent many winter days in a cold room watching these ice crystals (晶體) under his microscope.The boy thought they were so beautiful that he started to draw pictures of them. But there were so many snowflakes that he couldn’t draw them all. How could he keep their beauty forever? Bentley thought of buying a camera.
The boy and his mother asked his father to buy one. But, his father didn’t agree. He thought the whole thing was a bad idea. He thought the only thing a farmer should do was farming.
But finally Bentley did get a camera. For more than a year he tried to take pictures of snowflakes. On January 15, 1885, ring a snowstorm, Bentley took the first ever photo of an ice crystal with his camera. “It was the greatest moment of my life,” Bentley said later.
For 13 years, Bentley worked quietly and took thousands of photos of ice crystals. Later he became known as “Snowflake” Bentley.
根據短文，選擇最佳答案：
( )1. The best title for this passage is ____.
A. Snowflake Photos B. Snowflake Boy
C. Long and Hard Winters D. Teenage Photographer
( )2. We can tell from the story that Bentley’s father was ____.
A. a farmer B. a funny man C. an athletic man D. a school teacher
( )3. Which of the following statements about Bentley is true?
A. He didn’t get any kind of ecation as a child.
B. He was born into a rich family.
C. He was the first person to take photos of snowflakes.
D. He was fascinated by the beauty of snowflakes.
( )4. What kind of person do you think Bentley was?
A. He was outgoing. B. He was too serious.
C. He was interested in learning. D. He was very warm-hearted.
( )5. The “ice crystals” in the third paragraph refers to “____”.
A. water drops B. rain drops C. flowers D. snowflakes
答案 ：B A C C D
初二英語閱讀理解【3】
The sun is always shining. But it can only shine on one side of the earth at one time. When the sun is shining on one side of the earth, it is night on the other side.
At night, you can see the stars(星星). The stars are in the sky all day. But the light from the sun is so bright that you can’t see them. When night come, there is no light, and the stars are bright enough to see. The stars look very small. But some of them are even bigger than the sun. They look small because they are so far away from you. Big things look much smaller when they are far away. The sun is closer(近)to the earth than other stars, so it looks bigger.
( )1.When it is night, the sun ________ .
A. doesn’t shine B. shines for a short time
C. disappears(消失) D. shines on the other side of the earth
( )2.We can’t see the stars in the sky at daytime(白天)because ________ .
A. there are no stars there
B. the stars are much smaller than the sun
C. the bright light from the sun makes them not seen(被看見)
D. the stars come out only at night
( )3.The stars look small because ________ .
A. they are far away B. they are small
C. they have no light D. they are in the sky
( )4.Small things may look ________ when they are close.
A. bigger B. small C. near D. far away
( )5.The sun looks bigger than other stars because ________ .
A. it’s bigger B. it’s far away in the sky
C. it gives much bright light D. it’s closer to the earth than other stars
答案： D.C.A.A.D
;
6. 英語閱讀理解
英語閱讀理解
關於英語閱讀理解的學習方式，其實就是做專題練習，只有練多了才會熟悉解題思路，下面是我為大家提供的初二和高中的一些英語閱讀理解題和答案，有興趣的朋友可以參考一下!
【初二英語閱讀理解】
第一篇：計程車司機
My friend is a taxi drives. He has been a taxi driver for ten years. It’s a nice job most of the time. He can meet a lot of people. He always works at night because there is too much traffic ring the day. He usually goes home between two o’clock in the morning. There are some very strange things, which often happen at night. One day my friend was taking a woman back home from a party at three o’clock in the morning. She had her little dog with her. When they got to her house, she found she had lost her key. So my friend waited in the car with the dog while she climbed in through the window. My friend waited and waited. After half an hour of honking he decided to find out what was going on. He tied the dog to a tree and started to climb in through the window.
At that moment some policemen came. They thought my friend was a thief. Luckily, the woman came downstairs. She must have gone to sleep and forgotten about my friend and the dog.
16. The driver always works at night because it is easier to .
A. drive B. climb in through window
C. make money D. meet a lot of people
17. The woman climbed in through the window because .
A. she wanted to have a sleep B. her husband didn’t open the door for her
C. she didn’t want to pay the money D. she couldn’t find her key
18. The story happened .
A. early in the morning B. late at night
C. outside the city D. near the bus station
19. Which of the following is not true?
A. The driver worked until 2 or 3 o’clock in the morning.
B. The policemen made a mistake. C. The woman had no money to pay.
D. The woman had forgotten about the driver and the dog.
20. The driver climbed in through the window to .
A. get money from the woman B. phone the police
C. return the dog to the woman D. see what happened in the house
第二篇：足球運動
Mr. King is a tall and strong man. He teaches P. E. in a middle school. He wears a long beard(鬍子) and takes good care of it.
It was Sunday yesterday. There was a big football match of the year on the playground in the centre of the city. Mr. King likes the game very much and of course he was going to watch it. With his friends’ help he got a ticket a few days ago. After breakfast he hurried to the bus stop, but a lot of people were waiting there. A bus came and he hardly got on. There were plenty of people in it and it was difficult for them to put their feet. He had to grip(抓住)the back of a chair. At the next stop a boy got on the bus. He looked around and saw Mr. King’s beard and grip it. The man found it at once and called out, “Let go of(松開)my beard, boy!”
“Are you going to get off, sir?” asked to boy.
11. Mr. King is a .
A. player B. runner C. teacher D. driver
12. Mr. King was going to watch the match because .
A. he teaches P. E. in a middle school B. he likes football very much
C. he had already got a ticket D. he didn’t go to work yesterday
13. It was difficult for Mr. King to stand because .
A. he had drunk too much B. the bus was too small
C. he got on the bus too late D. it was very crowded in the bus
14. The boy gripped Mr. King’s beard because .
A. he was afraid to fall again B. he wanted to make the man angry
C. he hoped the man to find a seat for him D. he hoped the man to get off soon
15. Mr. King was afraid , so he shouted at him.
A. the boy would pull him down B. the boy would hurt his beard
C. the boy could be hurt again D. the boy would borrow his ticket
【高中英語閱讀理解】
Passage 1：president
There are stories about two U.S . presidents，Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren，which attempt to explain the American English term OK.We don‟t know if either story is true，but they are both interesting. The first explanation is based on the fact that President Jackson had very little ecation.In fact，he had difficulty reading and writing.When important papers came to Jackson，he tried to read them and then had his assistants explain what they said.If he approved of a paper.he would write“all correct”on it.The problem was that he didn‟t know how to spell.So what he really wrote was“ol korekt”.After a while，he shortened that term to“OK”.
The second explanation is based on the place where President Van Buren was born，Kinderhook，New York.Van Bnren‟s friends organized a club to help him become President They caned the club the Old Kinderhook Club，and anyone who supported Van Buren was called“OK”.
31.The author
A. believes both of the stories
B.doesn‟t believe a word of the stories
C is not sure whether the stories are true
D. is telling the stories just for fun
32. According to the passage，President Jackson
A.couldn‟t draw up any documents at all
B. didn‟t like to read important papers by himself
C.often had his assistants sign documents for him
D .wasn‟t good at reading，writing or spelling
33.According to the first story, the term “OK”
A. was approved of by President Jackson
B.was the title of some Official documents
C.was first used by President Jackson
D.was an old way to spell“all correct’’
34 .According to the second story，the term‘‘OK”
A.was the short way to say‘‘old Kinderhook Club”
B.meant the place where President Van Buren was born
C.was the name of Van Buren‟s club
D.was used to call Van Buren‟s supporters in the election
35.According to the second story.the term“OK”was first used
A.by Van Buren
B.in a presidential election
C.to organize the Old Kinderhook Club
D.by the members of the‘‘Old Kinderhook Club”
Passage 2：land proces
Although the United States covers so much land and the land proces far more food than the present population needs，its people are by now almost entirely an urban society Less than a tenth of the people are engaged in agriculture and forestry(林業)，and most of the rest live in or around towns，small and large.Here the traditional picture is changing：every small town may still be very like other small towns，and the typical small town may represent a widely accepted view of the country，but most Americans do not live in small towns any more.Half the population now lives in some thirty metropolitan areas(1arge cities with their suburbs、of more than a million people each—a larger proportion than in Germany or England，let alone France.The statistics(統計)of urban and rural population should be treated with caution because so many people who live in areas classified as rural travel by car to work in a nearby town each day.As the rush to live out of town continues.rural areas within reach of towns are graally filled with houses，so that it is hard to say at what moment a piece of country becomes a suburb But more and more the typical American lives in a metropolitan rather than a small town environment.
36.If now America has 250 million people.how many of them are engaged in agriculture and forestry?
A.About 25 million.
B.More than 25 million.
C.Less than 25 million.
D. Less than 225 million
37.Which of the following four countries has the smallest proportion of people living in metropolitan areas?
A.United States.
B.Germany.
C.France.
D.England.
38.What’s the meaning of the word“metropolitan”in the middle of the passage?
A .Of a large city with its suburbs.
B.Of small and large towns.
C.Of urban areas.
D.Of rural areas.
39.According to the passage，what can we learn about small towns in the United States?
A Most small towns become graally crowded
B.Small towns are still similar to each other.
C.As the traditional picture is changing，towns are different.
D .Small towns are turning into large cities
40.Why is it hard to say when a piece of country becomes a suburb?
A.Because they are the same.
B.Because the rush takes place too quickly
C.Because the process is graal.
D.Because more and more Americans live in metropolitan
>>>>>>參考答案<<<<<<
【初二英語閱讀理解】
第一篇答案：ADADB
第二篇答案：ADACD
【高中英語閱讀理解】
Passage 1
答案：CDCDB
這里要講述Andrew Jackson 和Martin Van Buren這2屆美國總統的小故事。這2個小故事也許可以解釋美語中OK一詞的來歷。故事的真實性我們不得而知，不過內容卻很有意思。
第一個解釋來源於總統Andrew Jackson的故事。Andrew Jackson幾乎沒有受到過什麼教育，事實上，他對於日常的讀寫都有困難。當收到重要文件的時候，在嘗試閱讀之後，還是讓他的助手幫忙解釋文件的內容。如果批准一份文件，Andrew Jackson就在上面寫“all correct”。麻煩的是，他不知道怎麼這2個單詞怎麼拼寫，因此，實際上他在文件上寫的是“ol korekt”。過了不久，他又把這2個單詞縮寫為“OK”。
第二個解釋來源於總統Martin Van Buren的家鄉的名字——紐約的Kinderhook。為了幫助Van Buren成為總統，他的朋友為此組織了一個社團。他們把這個社團叫做Old Kinderhook Club，社團中支持Van Buren的人都被稱為“OK”
Passage 2
答案：CCABC
盡管美國幅員遼闊，而且土地所產出的糧食遠遠超過現有人口的需求，現今的美國卻幾乎完全是個都市化的國家。不足十分之一的人口在從事農業和林業，而剩餘的大多數人都居住在大大小小的城鎮中或者城鎮的周圍。傳統的'景象在這里不斷發生著變化：小的城鎮之間仍然彼此十分相似，典型的小城鎮還是呈現出大家心目中的鄉村的風貌;但是大部分的美國人卻不再住在小城鎮了。現在半數的人口都在大約30幾個大都市地區(包括附近郊區的大型城市)——這種大都市地區的人口都在百萬以上，總的都市人口數量遠遠超過德國和英國，更不用說法國了。城市和鄉村的人口統計需要特別對待，因為我們所謂的住在鄉村的人們，每天都會開車前往附近的城鎮工作。當遠離城鎮居住的熱潮持續的情況下，城鎮周圍的鄉村地區逐漸蓋滿了房屋。那麼說不定什麼時候，一塊鄉村的地區就變成了城市的郊區。不過，典型的美國人還是越來越趨向於居住在大都市而不是小城鎮的環境中。
;7. 中考英語閱讀理解體裁
閱讀理解在英語考試里所佔的分值比較大，但是卻有存在較大的難度。下面，針對中考，我們來看看中考的英語閱讀理解題材都有哪些，為中考加油。
閱讀理解題對學生提出了較高的能力要求，主要是考查學生通過閱讀獲取信息、分析信息和處理信息的能力，既要抓住文章的主旨，又要抓住細節;既要理解具體事實，又要理解抽象概念;既要理解文章字面意思，又要挖掘作者意圖，揣摩隱藏在字里行間的內涵既要理解全篇的邏輯關系又要理解某些細節的意思，並且在讀懂句子和文章的基礎上，將所讀文章進行判斷、分析和推理。概括的說就是這類題注重考查閱讀技能，包括理解短文大意、了解具體細節、通過上下文猜測詞義、歸納篇章大意，以及推斷或理解作者的態度和意圖等。考生不僅要具有準確獲得信息的能力，還要具有透過文章表層意思理解文章隱含意義的能力。這樣才能抓住中心思想，作出正確的判斷。試題涉及掌握語篇主旨，事實細節、深層含義、推理判斷、猜測詞義等多方面的閱讀能力考查。設題通常考慮以下四個方面。
1. 直觀性問題 。直接引用原文中的語句或根據短文中原語句稍加改動而編成。
2. 常識性問題。 考查學生依據短文信息，並根據自己所具備的一般常識作出判斷的題型.
3. 理解性問題。 考查學生對文章的中心思想，某段的段落大意，某一事實的細節及作者意圖等的理解程度。
4. 推理性問題。 這類題需在深刻理解短文後，再經過推理判斷才能選出正確答案。
閱讀是一個復雜的心理過程，語言學家古德曼(Groodman)認為，閱讀就是讀者通過其心理和語言活動理解來接受作者的思想和觀點。如果學生能讀懂一篇文章，則表明作者寫作時的思維過程與該生在閱讀時的思維活動趨於吻合，這就是說學生的閱讀理解必須實於原文，不可脫離文章憑空想像。
對學生進行閱讀技巧訓練還應該從文體角度來訓練，因為一篇文章的設題是受其文體限制的。下面我們分析幾個不同體裁文章的特點，供大家參考。
a. 故事類。
初中生接觸到的閱讀材料大都是故事類。閱讀故事類的材料，應該抓住人物線索、地點線索、時間線索和情節發展線索。特別注意的是，以上線索往往是並存的。因為情節的發展總是涉及到人物的變化、時間的推移、場景的變換等。而閱讀材料後的閱讀理解題往往會圍繞這些內容設計一些事實類的理解題。凡事實類的理解題都可以從閱讀材料的表層文字中找到答案。在閱讀故事類短文時，應指導學生理解文章的深層含義，也就是它的主題。在此需要注意的'是，現在的閱讀理解題在測試事實類的理解題的同時，往往有一道推理類理解測試題.
b.科普類。
這里所指的科普類是廣義的。它包含有介紹科學知識、社會知識的短文。閱讀這類短文時，要以事實為中心進行思考，抓住事物的特徵、用途、相互關系等.如果是介紹社會現象的文章，要掌握所談現象的內涵。
c.圖表類。
這類短文是通過看圖或表格等來了解某方面的情況。指導學生閱讀這類材料時，主要從兩方面入手;一是了解圖表的主題，確定圖表的主要內容，二是推敲圖畫語盲或數字，找出它們之間的關聯或試圖表達的含義。
d.新聞類。
報刊閱讀應逐步成為中學生閱讀的一個重要內容。由於新聞報道強調遵循 5 個 w 和 1 個 H，所以，我們在閱讀時也要抓住這一點去理解把握。
8. 初二英語圖表閱讀的材料
我大體說下圖表來的內源容
這是一篇英語的中考閱讀
是圖表類型的
其內容是題目：HOUSE RULES
裡面有一個主人的對他人的一些要求
有11點前睡覺
不能在室內吸煙
只能用他的手機接電話，不能打電話
我的問題是那片閱讀是為誰寫的
A清潔工B居住的人 謝謝啊，請幫我找到這篇圖表!!
9. 讀寫作文英語有文字圖表
1. 幫我寫一篇英語作文,要求按照圖片的文字,
I Learn English Like This
我是這樣學習英語的
We know it is difficult to learn English.My English is very good. I learn English like this.
我們知道英語學起來很困難。我的英語不錯，我是這樣學英語的：
I Listen to the teacher carefully and write the important points down on my notebooks.After class I revise the lessons.Before class I prepare new lessons to find out the questions. Then I will listen carefully in class.
上課認真聽講，把重點內容都記在筆記本上。課下復習這些功課。課前預習新功課，找出問題，然後在課上認真聽。
I also listen to the tape, and speak English with my clas *** ates in the classroom and on the playground. It's to improve my listening and speaking.
我也聽磁帶，並且在教室里、操場上和同學講英語，這樣提高了我的聽力和口語。
I keep a diary every day to practise my written English.
我每天堅持記日記以練習我的寫作。
Besides this, I often read English newspapers and magazines to enrich my knowledge on English culture.
除此之外，我經常閱讀英語報紙和雜志，以擴大我的英語文化知識。
We will learn English well so long as we learn it hard.
只要我們用心去學，我們會學好英語的。
I Learn English Like This
我是這樣學習英語的
English is very important for us. Everyone wants to learn it well.My English is very good. How do I learn English?
英語對我們來說很重要，每個人都想學好英語。我的英語很好，那我是怎麼學英語的呢？
First, I listen to the teacher and make notes carefully in class. I revise my old lessons and prepare my new lessons after class.
首先，我上課認真聽老師講課，認真記筆記，課下我復習舊功課，預習新功課。
Second, I like speaking English with my clas *** ates, not only in classroom, but also on the playground. It's to improve my spoken English.
第二，我不僅在教室里，在操場上也一樣喜歡和同學們說英語，這提高了我的口語。
Third, I keep a diary every day to practise my written English.
第三，我堅持每天記日記來練習寫作。
Besides this, I often read English newspapers or magazines in order to enrich my knowledge on English culture.
除此之外，我經常閱讀英語報紙和雜志來豐富我的文化知識。
2. 英語圖表作文模板
常用模板：
I.
In recent years，_____圖表所反映的現象 ，which can be clearly observed from thediagram.____用圖表中的數據說明這一現象。
Several reasons contribute to/several factors result in thisphenomenon.Firstly_________,Secondly_______,Thirdly_____.
All in all， 總結 。
練習：根據圖表，簡要描述某城市每一百個家庭電腦用戶增長情況，並試分析原因。
II.
___本文所討論的問題 happens every day around us.From the barchart,we can see there are mainly three causes for—____本文所討論的問題 。While____%_________________,another___%_____________,___%____________.
Actually,the problem can be prevented if we take necessarymeasures.First of all,_________________,then,_________,
Thirdly,___________.
With the above efforts,we can rece the problem largely.
III.
In recent years，____圖表所反映的趨勢或現象 ， whichcan be read from the above diagram.___此趨勢或現象在圖表中的具體體現。
With the reference to thephenomenon,I think,reasonal as it seems，___本文圖表所反映的現象___is not preferable.To starith,_______________.Secondly___________.Besides,_________.
So it is high time_______.
3. 一篇圖表英語作文應該怎樣引題
圖表作為書面表達的一種信息提示方式，顯得簡潔明了，正被越來越多的各級各類英語考試所採用。
但是，在閱卷中，我們發現情況並不理想，問題主要集中在三個方面：首先，書面表達能力弱，不能用英語描述圖表的數據及其變化；其次，讀不懂圖表，不能從圖表中提取有效信息；最後，不能有效地分析數據，得出相關的結論和提出合理的建議。[轉載]如何寫好英語圖表作文？在表達方式上，圖表類作文有別於其他類型，它要頻繁描述具體數據、進行數據比較，並說明數據變化。
教師有必要歸納於數據有關的一些詞語和句型，進行集中教學。掌握這些的數據表達方式是寫好這類作文的前提。
常見的表達有：1、熟悉四類圖表的英文名稱：表格（table）、條形圖（bar chart）、曲線圖（graph）和餅形分析圖（pie chart）。此外，「如圖所示」是寫這類作文中的一個常用短語，它的表達方式有以下幾種：⑴As the chart shows， … ⑵According to the chart， … ⑶As is seen from the chart， … ⑷As we can see from the chart， …2、在表達時，可以對具體的數據進行一些處理，用另外一種表達方式來代替，避免一篇小短文中出現過多的數據或者相同的句型結構，如：一次有關閱讀興趣調查結果是：50%的學生喜歡新聞；25%的學生喜歡故事；14%的學生喜歡幽默；11%的學生喜歡推理小說。
（Half of the students love news. A quarter of them are fond of stories. 14% enjoy humor. The rest prefer to read mystery books.）3、「…的數目或數量」的表達方式有兩種：可數名次用the number of …；不可數名次用the amount of …。數量的多和少不能說成many和few，而用large和 *** all.⑴The number of the students is large.（學生的人數很多。）
⑵The amount of food is very *** all.（食物的數量很少。）4、用以描述數據上升、下降或保持不變的表達方式有：⑴rise/increase/go up/jump to/grow（上升）；⑵decrease/fall/go down/drop（下降）；⑶rise sharply/rapidly（急劇上升） ⑷fall slowly/graally（緩慢/逐漸下降）；⑸The price has grown by 3%.（價格已經上升了3%） ⑹The number of visitors has risen from 100 to 500.（訪客的人數從100上升至200了。）
⑺Over the years, the ine of the family has remained the same.（近幾年這個家庭的收入保持不變。）5、「數量總計達到…」的表達方法有以下三種：⑴The bill es to $25.（賬單總共25英鎊） ⑵These numbers add up to 100. （這些數目合計為100。）
⑶All the expenses amount to 11,000 yuan.（所有的開支總共達到11,000元。）6、有關數據比較的表達方式有：⑴Compared with…（與…相比）；⑵He is 2 centimeters taller than I.（他比我要高2厘米。）
⑶The room is ice the size of that one.（這個房間的面積是那個的兩倍。） ⑷Now the total number of Chinese Christians is 14 times as many as in 1949.（現在中國的基督教徒總人數是1949年的14倍。）
⑸The number of students who enjoy reading English news doubles that of those who prefer reading stories.（喜歡讀英語新聞的學生人數是喜歡閱讀故事的學生人數的兩倍。）7、圖表常用經典句子： 開頭：1. As can be seen from the chart/graph/table。
2. It can be seen from the statistics that。3. As revealed/shown/stated/noted in the picture。
4. The chart gives information that。 描述：1. There was a rise/increase/upward trend from。
to。2. It has risen to an average of。
3. There was a fall/decrease/rection/decline/drop/downward trend from。to。
4. It has fallen/dropped/declined to。 結論：1. From the *** yses above,we can draw the conclusion that。
2. From the data we gatherde from the above graph,we can conclude that。3. According to the information gathered above,we may reach the conclusion that。
4. According to what has been discussed above,we can arrive at the conclusion that。5. The graph reflects that。
8、圖表作文的框架 As is shown by the figure in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart)， ___作文題目的議題_____ has been steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.（結論） There are at least o good reasons (accounting) for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is e to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are monly convincing. As far as I am concerned, I hold the view that _______. 。
原因 【樣題】：（蘇州市2010屆高三調研測試（一）書面表達） 2010年央視春晚的廣告收入創新高，但節目中的植入廣告引發了熱議。
最近，某網站舉行了一次題為「對今晚春晚植入廣告的態度」的調查。請根據以下餅圖所示信息，用英語寫一篇短文，並提出你的自己的看法。
[轉載]如何寫好英語圖表作文？ The 2010 。
4. 我需要寫一篇描述圖表和數據的英語作文,求一些常用的單詞短語和句
一、圖表類作文常用的單詞、短語和句型 1. 表示數據變化的單詞或短語 in the case of （在……的情況下） in terms of （在……方面） increase / raise / rise / go up（增加） decrease / grow down / drop / fall （減少） increased by （增長了） increased to （增長到） the number sharply goes up to（數字急劇上升至） significant（重大的），steady（平穩的），graal（逐漸的），slow（慢慢的），stable（穩定的），rapid（快速的）…… 2. 表示從圖表得知的信息的句型 The table / chart / graph shows that。
（這個圖表告訴我們……） According to the table / chart /graph, we can see that。（根據圖表，我們可以看出……） It can be concluded from the graph that。
（從圖表中可以得出……） The table shows the changes in the number of。over the period from。
to。（該表格描述了在……期間……數量的變化） 二、圖表類作文的模式 圖表類作文中的圖表主要有以下形式：柱形圖類（chart）、圓餅圖類 （pie chart）、曲線圖類（line chart）、表格類（table）。
寫文章時，首先要對圖表加以描述，而後引出主題加以討論，最後得出結論，也就是按照描述圖表—解釋原因—下結論的步驟來寫。切忌對圖表不作交代就直接談論主題。
1. 表格類作文的模式 表格類作文一般可以分為三段：第一段對表格中的數據進行描述，只要抓住變化規律即可，切忌一一列舉數據；第二段說明變化的原因；第三段得出結論。即： （1） Studying the table carefully, we can see。
（仔細研讀表格，我們可以看出……） （2） In my opinion, the reasons why。are as follows. Firstly。
Secondly。Thirdly。
（在我看來，為什麼……的原因在於以下幾點：第一……第二……第三……） （3） To sum up。（總而言之……）。
5. 如何寫圖表、圖示、圖畫式英語作文
圖表作文可細分為表格、曲線圖、柱形 圖和圓形圖。其寫作指導中只是對短文提出二至三項要求，而這些要求則類似提綱，因此這類作文往往可以按照所給要求自然分段。
圖表作文給出不同形式的圖表或圖畫，且圖表又多配有數據或說明。寫此類作文時，首先要以題目中的要求（requirements）為指導，審慎解讀圖表，准確把握圖表傳遞的信息，將其擴展成文。
Never do things by halves.
做事不可半途而廢。
前面我們已經提過圖表作文可細分為表格、曲線圖、柱形圖和圓形圖。弄懂這四種圖在寫作方面的各自特點，我們才可以寫好這種類型的作文：
1） 表格形式要求考生對表格中所給出的大量數字進行比較分析，從中找出其變化規律。
2） 曲線圖形式要求考生認真觀察坐標系所顯示的數據信息，並且密切注意交匯在坐標橫軸和縱軸上的數字及單位。
6. 英語圖表作文怎麼寫啊
提綱圖表式作文屬於控制性寫作的范疇。
它控制性強，便於評分。考生應仔細分析圖表，引證典型數據並按提綱要求進行取材與構思。
例：Title: Changes in people's dietOutline:1. State the changes in people's diet in the past five years. 2. Give possible reasons for the changes. 3. Draw your own conclusions.Study the following table carefully and your position must be based on the information given in the table. You should quote as few figures as possible. YearFood 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001Grain 53% 47% 42.5% 40% 34%Milk 10% 11% 11% 12% 13%Meat 17% 20% 22.5% 23% 26%(Fruit 20% 22% 24% 25% 27%and Vegetables) Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% In the past five years, there have been remarkable changes in people's diet. According to the figures given in the table, grain, which used to be the main food for most of the Chinese people, has now bee less important. By contrast, the consumption of milk and meat has considerably increased, accounting for 13% and 26% of the total respectively in 2001. In the same way, the demand for fruit and vegetables has been on the rise. What caused these changes? I think there are at least o reasons. In the first place, with the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, great changes have taken place in all the branches of our national economy. The rapid growth in instrial and agricultural proction has inevitably brought about a sharp rise in living standard. People now can afford a diet higher in protein and lower in carbon-hydrates. That is why the consumption of milk and meat has remarkably increased in the city and in the country. Secondly, more attention is now paid to the balanced diet, which is necessary for good health. As a consequence, vegetables and fruit that are rich in vitamins have been in ever-rising demand. In conclusion, with the change in people's diet the consumption of fruit, vegetables, milk and meat will graally increase, while that of grain will continue to decline.。
7. 英語圖表類的描述模板
寫作模板——圖表式作文 It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of （接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of …（多少）. What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … （多少） reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all， …（第一個原因）. More importantly， …（第二個原因）. Most important of all， …（第三個原因）. From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括弧里的使用於那些不太好的變化趨勢). 圖表作文經典句型總結 圖表作文要求考生用文字材料把圖表中所提供的信息准確、完整地表達出來。
在寫作圖表作文時，首先要仔細觀察並分析圖表，以及題中所給出的有關信息，比如，作文標題，英文提綱、英文提示、英語關鍵詞等。在分析圖表時，要抓住與主題有關的信息，要發現數據呈現的規律，要充分利用圖表中的圖形、數據等來說明主題。
但是注意不要過多地引用數據，以免造成濫用數據的後果。另外，在寫作圖表作文時可以套用一些常用詞彙或表達方式，這將有助於你寫出較為地道的圖表作文。
（1）常用的開篇句型（即概述圖表內容時常用的表達法） ① According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that … 根據該表/圖，我們可知 …… ② The table/graph reveals (shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out) that … 該表/圖表明…… ③As we can see from the table … As can be seen from the line/bar graph … As is shown (illustrated/indicated) in the pie chart … 如表/圖所示，……（2） 描述增減變化常用的句型 ① Compared with …… is still increased by … ② The number of … grew/rose from … to … ③ An increase is shown in …； then came a sharp increase of … ④ In … the number remains the same/drops to … ⑤ There was a very slight ( *** all/slow/graal) rise/increase in 1990.⑥ There was a very steady (marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/ dramatic) drop (decrease / decline / fall / rection) in 1998 / pared with that of last year).(3) 對於上升趨勢的描述：a. 可以使用的動詞或動詞片語：to increase to go up to rise to grow to jump to leap to soar to shoot to pick up b. 可以使用的名詞：an increase a growth a jump a soar an upward trend(4) 對於上升到某個位置的描述：動詞+to the peak of+具體數據。 動詞+reaching the peak of +具體數據。
動詞+reaching + 具體數據。 to peak at + 具體數據 to climb to + 具體數據（5） 對於上升的程度的描述： 動詞+by + 具體數據。
（6） 對於下降趨勢的描述：a. 可以使用的動詞或動詞片語： to fall to decrease to go down to slide to collapse to decline to drop b. 可以使用的名詞： a collapse a decrease a fall a decline a drop(7) 對於下降到某個位置的描述： 動詞+to+具體數據。 動詞+to+the bottom of+具體數據。
動詞+reaching the bottom of +具體數據。 動詞+reaching + 具體數據。
（8） 對於下降程度的描述： 動詞+by + 具體數據。（9） 對於平穩的趨勢的描述： 可以使用的動詞或動詞片語： to hardly change to have little change to keep steady to level off to remain constant to stay the same(10) 表示程度的副詞： 1. 程度較大： considerably dramatically greatly markedly obviously quickly rapidly sharply significantly suddenly 2. 程度較小： slightly graally slowly steadily(11) 時間的嵌入 嵌入時間時所使用的介詞和介詞片語： from……to…… beeen…….and…… ring……and…… at the start of …… by the end of …… over …… at the end of …… throughout ……（12） 上升和下降趨勢的組合描述1. 先上升後下降的句型：。
increased slowly ring… and … but fell sharply in … A steady fall in …… ring …… and …… followed the sharp increase in …….2. 先下降後上升的句型：… fell before …… began to make a recovery …… … continue the recovery, climbing to …… … dropped ring …… but increased again in …… … fell and then pick up ring …… … collapsed before rising to ……at the end of ……3. 起伏波動的句型：… fluctuated sharply all through ……4. 波動不大的句型：… hardly changed through the period beeen …and …。
10. 初二英語閱讀題，完成表格，謝謝