初中英語閱讀理解推理判斷型題目
初中英語閱讀專項訓練材料
在做英語閱讀理解時，如果文章太長，你可以先把文章後面的問題看一遍，帶著問題去看文章。為了幫助大家，我整理了一些初中英語閱讀理解，希望能幫到大家!
閱讀理解【1】
Do you know that in some parts of the world, people build temporary(暫時的)hotels made of snow and blocks(大塊)of ice? These are known as ice hotels.
Unlike usual hotels, all the rooms in the ice hotels are made of ice. In some ice hotels, even the glasses for drinks are made of ice blocks. So they only serve cold drinks. Also, hot food is not served in the ice hotels, but guests can eat hot food at places nearby.
To keep warm, guests sleep in comfortable sleeping bags on ice blocks that are covered by mattresses(床墊)and reindeer skins(馴鹿皮).
There are some places in the ice hotels that are heated, such as the bathrooms. This is because, even though it is not as cold in the ice hotels as it is outdoors(在戶外), indoor temperatures are still very low.
Perhaps the most interesting thing about the ice hotels is that they are rebuilt every year. They can be used only ring the winter months. The ice hotels melt(融化)away when spring arrives. The ice blocks used to build these hotels are from nearby rivers. So, when the ice hotels melt away, they melt back into the rivers.
56. According to the passage, ice hotels ______.
A. are found everywhere B. do business in summer
C. are made of glass D. are made of snow and ice
57. Which of the following about the ice hotels is true?
A. They are just like usual hotels. B. The glasses are made of wood.
C. They serve cold drinks. D. The rooms are made of bamboo.
58. You can’t see ______ in the ice hotels.
A. hot food B. reindeer skins
C. sleeping bag D. mattresses
59. Why are bathrooms heated in the ice hotels?
A. Guests want to eat in them. B. Indoor temperature are very low.
C. Guests ask the hotels to do that. D. It is as cold indoors as it is outdoors.
60. What happens to the ice h otels in spring?
A. They melt away. B. They are rebuilt.
C. They are repaired. D. They need more ice.
【考點】社會文化類閱讀;文中細節.
【分析】本文介紹了世界上的冰雪旅館.這些旅館是由雪和大塊的冰製成的臨時性旅館.和普通的旅館不同，這些旅館中的房間都是用冰塊製成的.喝水的'杯子也是冰塊製成的.所以他們只提供冷飲.客人們如果想吃熱的食物可以去附近的地方.為了保持溫暖，客人們會在鋪著床墊和鹿皮的冰塊上的睡袋中睡覺.旅館中，例如浴室，是可以加熱的.關於冰雪旅館最有趣的就是每年都會重建，因為春天冰雪旅館就會融化，流入附近的河流，冬季的時候，再用附近河流中的冰塊重建旅館.
【解答】56.D 細節理解題.根據"Do you know that in some parts of the world，people build temporary(暫時的)hotels made of snow and blocks(大塊)of ice?"可知冰雪旅館是在世界上的有些地方有，不是到處都有.並且是由大塊的冰製成的.故排除A與C選項.根據"The ice hotels melt(融化)away when spring arrives."可知冰雪旅館在春天就融化了，故夏天是不會做生意的，排除B選項.故選D.
57.C 細節理解題.根據"In some ice hotels，even the glasses for drinks are made of ice blocks.So they only serve cold drinks."可知冰雪旅館是只提供冷飲的.故選C.
58.A 細節理解題.根據"hot food is not served in the ice hotels，but guests can eat hot food at places nearby."可知熱的食物在冰雪旅館中是不會出現的，你可以去附近的地方去吃.故選A.
59.B 細節理解題.根據"indoor temperatures are still very low."可知加熱浴室的原因是室內雖然沒有外邊那麼冷，但是室內的溫度還是很低.故選B.
60.A 細節理解題.根據"The ice hotels melt(融化)away when spring arrives."可知當春天來臨時，冰雪旅館就融化了，故選A.
閱讀理解【2】
Many people travel to different places in the world by air. Usually it takes a long time, perhaps half a day, for passengers to stay in the plan. So airlines(航空公司)offer passengers food. But it is common that they feel bad about food taste. Do you agree?
To solve this problem, airlines try hard to improve their food. They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose customers.
However, according to scientific research, part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at high altitude(海拔)we can not taste things as well as we do on the ground. Also scientists have found that our noses become very dry even before a plane takes off. As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure(氣壓)reces one third of the sensibility(感覺)of our taste buds(味蕾). So our tas te buds become senseless. The sad face, however, is that our noses don’t know it.
All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad. They also help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers salty and spicy(辛辣的)food. Without doing so, the food would be tasteless.
Now there are many researches on this. According to one of them, some volunteers are asked to lie with their feet higher than their heads for weeks. And scientists write down their feelings about food taste.
Though scientists try their best, it is not as easy as they thought. Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in air pressure, making food taste good is still hard for them.
61. In Paragraph 2, “this problem” means ______.
A. passengers stay long in the plane B. food on the plane tastes bad
C. passengers have no food to eat D. food on the plane is expensive
62. What do airlines do to solve this problem?
A. Get more customers. B. Offer more food.
C. Improve their food. D. Rece the ticket price.
63. As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure reces of the sensibility of our taste buds.
A. half B. one third C. one fourth D. one fifth
64. Why do scientists feel it hard to made food on the plane taste good?
A. The volunteers don’t know about food taste.
B. The volunteers don’t understand them.
C. They can’t find enough volunteers.
D. They can’t deal with the special environment successfully.
65. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Taste of Airplane Food B. Airplane Travel
C. Scientific Research on Noses D. The Change in Air Pressure
【考點】科普知識類閱讀;內容歸納;文中細節.
【分析】本篇文章講述了一個問題--為什麼在飛機上食物變得很難吃?科學家的回答是--由於海拔升高的原因，氣壓的改變鈍化了我們三分之一的味覺，我們的鼻子變得乾燥，對氣味不敏感.這也是為什麼飛機餐通常比較"重口"(偏咸且偏辣)的原因.科學家和志願者嘗試用一些方法改善飛機上的用餐，但由於氣壓的變化的原因，想要讓飛機餐變得好吃還是很難.
【解答】61.B 詞義理解題.找到原句To solve this problem，airlines try hard to improve their food.這一句說到"improve their food"，可以推測this problem是和food有聯系的，可以排除A選項;根據原句前面一句But it is common that they feel bad about food taste.Do you agree?可知是"食物很難吃"，因此答案為B.
62.C 推理判斷題.根據To solve this problem，airlines try hard to improve their food.可知，為了解決食物難吃這個問題，航空公司努力改善他們的食物，故選C.
63.B 細節理解題.根據第三段句子 the change in air pressure(氣壓)reces one third of the sensibility(感覺)of our taste buds(味蕾)可知，氣壓的變化減弱了我們三分之一的味覺.故選B
64.D 推理判斷題.仔細理解最後一段內容可知，Though scientists try their best，it is not as easy as they thought.Because they can't deal with the special environment successfully，such as the change in air pressure，making food taste good is still hard for them.科學家認為要解決這個問題不容易的原因是他們無法成功地處理這種特殊的環境，比如氣壓的改變.因此答案為D.
65.A 內容歸納題.本文主要講了"飛機餐為什麼難吃"，因此答案為A.
閱讀理解【3】
Jenny is from New York.Her uncle works as a teacher in Qing，China.Last summer，Jenny went to China to visit her uncle and spent a week in Qing.Tina，her uncle’s daughter，took her to many interesting places.
They went to May—Fourth Square(五四廣場).They went shopping in the shopping mall there.Jenny bought some clothes，books，CDs and some gifts for her friends.Then they climbed Laoshan Mountain.Jenny liked the beautiful flowers and enjoyed the warm weather there very much.She was tired but happy.They also went to the night market on the last day.There Jenny ate lots of nice food.It was really delicious and Jenny liked it very much.
Jenny really enjoyed her stay in Qing!
55.What does Jenny’s uncle do?
A.He’s a doctor.
B.He’s a policeman.
C.He’s a teacher.
D.He’s a farmer.
56.How long did Jenny stay in Qing?
A.Three days.B.Four days.
C.Five days. D.Seven days.
57.Who’s Tina?
A.Jenny’s sister. B.Jenny’s cousin.
C.Jenny’s friend. D.Jenny’s aunt.
58.What did they do on the last day of the trip?
A.They visited May—Fourth Square.
B.They climbed Laoshan Mountain.
C.They went to the night market.
D.They bought some gifts for Jenny’s friends.
答案 55-58 C D B C
;Ⅱ 初中七年級英語閱讀理解題
初中七年級英語閱讀理解題
以下是由我提供給大家的初中七年級的英語閱讀理解題以及答案解析，有興趣的朋友可以閱讀練習一下哦!
第一篇：
It’s time for lunch! Today we have obento. In fact, “obento” is a word for lunch in Japanese. It’s tasty, healthy and eye-catching.
There are some interesting rules in an obento. First, rice is separated from the other dishes. Thus the rice won’t pick up any other flavors. Besides, there is the main dish and the two side dishes. The main dish can be anything from mplings, to fried chicken, to fish. And the side dish can be anything, like salad.
During obento making, you must learn to combine the food colours of red, yellow, and green. The red food will make people feel hungry, the yellow food is usually healthy, and the green food is full of vitamins. So if you can combine these colours well, you can make a good obento.
Nowadays the obento plays a great part in Japanese life. When a class goes for an outing, all the students will bring their mom-made obento. You see, the obento is always filled with love, just as a mother said, “I remember my mother making obento for me. Now I make obento for my daughter every day. Hopefully, she’ll make obento for her children too, with the same love.”
閱讀短文，選擇正確答案。
1. What does the underlined word mean?
A. 合並 B. 分開 C. 結合 D. 攪拌
2. How many dishes are there in an obento?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
3. Which colours are good for an obento?
A. red, yellow, and blue B. red, orange, and green
C. yellow, green, and red D. white, yellow, and green
4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. The obento plays a great part in Japanese life at present.
B. When a class goes for an outing, no student will bring their mom-made obento.
C. As a mother said the obento is always filled with delicious food.
D. My daughter won’t make obento for her children with the same love.
5. The purpose of the passage is to tell us that .
A. the main dish of the obento can be anything
B. the red food will make people feel hungry
C. we can make a good obent with the three colours
D. we should make and eat more obento
第二篇：
Dear readers, I was shocked to learn that some of you were tearing up the SSP. You were also taking this nice little newspaper and, scissors in hand, cutting it into pieces! Why would anyone do such a thing? Was it anger? Vandalism? The answer, as it turned out, was a delightful surprise: you were just being very good students.
Many of you are using the SSP to improve your English. You are cutting out headlines, stories and pictures and pasting them in your notebooks. I have seen some of your work and it is very creative. The headlines, pictures and stories are cut and pasted on the left side pages of your notebooks. In the spaces between the cuttings, you have added clever drawings and clever comments. The right side pages of the notebooks you have used as word banks to build up your vocabulary.
The SSP is designed to be used in your schoolwork. The stories are written with the objective of being interesting and informative but they are also intended to help you with your studies. So it’s a good idea to save the SSP after you read it. So keep cutting up the SSP. I think it’s a great idea!
See how some creative students save the SSP on Page 8!
閱讀短文，選擇正確答案。
1. From the first paragraph we know that _____.
A. The writer was shocked about tearing up the SSP.
B. You were also cutting these nice magazines into pieces!
C. The one who did such a thing was anger and Vandalism.
D. The one who did such a thing was very bad student.
2. The purpose of using the SSP is .
A. to shock the readers B. to improve our English
C. destroy the newspapers D. to spend the boring time
3. What does the word “pasting” mean in Chinese?
A. 撕開B. 剪輯C. 黏貼D. 組合
4. The writer thinks that savings the SSP is _______.
A. terrible B. worried C. great. D. bad
5. Which of the following is NOT true from the passage?
A. I have seen some of your creative work.
B. There are word banks on the right side pages of the notebooks.
C. The SSP is designed to be used in your housework.
D. How creative the students save the SSP!
>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<
第一篇：
【語篇解讀】
“obento”是日本午餐便當，它的美味、健康且引人注目。它飯與菜市是分開的，一個主菜和兩個小菜。而且主要由三種顏色組合而成的，作為母親能為孩子做充滿愛的日式便當就太好了。孩子們都很喜歡它們。
【長難句注釋】
During obento making, you must learn to combine the food colours of red, yellow, and green. The red food will make people feel hungry, the yellow food is usually healthy, and the green food is full of vitamins. So if you can combine these colours well, you can make a good obento.
在日式便當時，你必須學會把紅、黃、綠三種顏色的食品組合在一起。紅色食物會讓人覺得餓，黃色的食物通常是健康的，綠色的食品是富含維他命。所以，如果你能很好地結合這些顏色的話，你能做出一個好的便當。
1. B 詞義猜測題 從短文第2段的第3個句子Thus the rice won’t pick up any other flavors. 可知。故選B。
2. B 細節理解題 從短文第2段的第4個句子Besides, there is the main dish and the two side dishes. 可知一個日式便當有一個主菜和兩個小菜。故選B。
3. C 細節理解題 從短文第3段的第1個句子During obento making, you must learn to combine the food colours of red, yellow, and green. 可知對做日式便當有利的三種顏色是紅黃綠。故選C。
4. A 推理判斷題 從短文第4段的第1個句子Nowadays the obento plays a great part in Japanese life. 可知日式便當現在在日本扮演著重要的角色。故選A。
5. D 主旨大意題 短文的主題和中心思想是告訴我們應該多做和多吃日式便當。故選D。
第二篇：
【語篇解讀】
我們的外教Larry驚訝地發現有一些讀者在“破壞”SSP的報紙，而且還樂此不疲!竟然他們還是非常優秀的學生。原因是他們中有許多正在使用SSP來提高英語水平。SSP的目的是用在你的學業上。這些故事除了趣味性和知識性，也旨在幫助你的學習。
【長難句注釋】
The SSP is designed to be used in your schoolwork. The stories are written with the objective of being interesting and informative but they are also intended to help you with your studies. So it’s a good idea to save the SSP after you read it.
SSP的'目的是用在你的學業上。這些故事都是帶有趣味性和知識性的目的而寫的，但他們也旨在幫助你的學習。所以在讀完SSP報紙之後再裁剪下來是一個好主意。
1. A 細節理解題 從短文第1段的第1個句子Dear readers, I was shocked to learn that some of you were tearing up the SSP. 可知作者對一些讀者在“破壞”SSP的報紙感到很震驚。故選A。
2. B 細節理解題 從短文第2段的第1個句子Many of you are using the SSP to improve your English. 可知使用SSP報紙的目的在於提高英語。故選B。
3. C 詞義猜測題 從短文第2段的第2個句子You are cutting out headlines, stories and pictures and pasting them in your notebooks. 可知你在把標題、故事和圖片剪出來並把它們黏貼在你的筆記本上。故選C。
4. C 觀點態度題 從短文第3段的第5個句子I think it’s a great idea! 可知作者認為保存SSP報紙是好主意。故選C。
5. C 推理判斷題 從短文第3段的第1個句子The SSP is designed to be used in your schoolwork. 可知SSP報紙不是被設計用在你的家務活上，而是在學業上。故選C。
;Ⅲ 七年級上冊英語閱讀理解題
初中七年級的英語閱讀理解題以及答案解析推薦給大家，希望大家喜歡!
第一篇：
When world-famous Hong Kong actor, Stephen Chou (周星馳), gave up his role in The Green Hornet《青蜂俠》, it looked as if the movie might be finished! The director had to find a replacement before the rest of his cast lost faith in the project. Luckily, Jay Chou was ready to save the day!
Jay might be a new name to Americans (me, for example), but the Taiwanese singer, actor, writer and procer has been famous in China for years. The Asian world first knew Jay when he won a singing and piano contest in 1998. Since then, he has won too many music awards to count, written a book and gained respect as an actor. Jay plays the role of Kato (加藤) in The Green Hornet. Kato is an assistant to the lead character.
Jay is famous throughout the Asian world; now it is his chance to become known throughout the United States and Europe!
閱讀短文，選擇正確答案。
1. Where was Stephen Chou born?
A. Hong Kong. B. Taiwan. C. The United States. D. Europe.
2. Who would like to replace the actor Stephen Chou in The Green Hornet?
A. His teacher. B. Jay Chou. C. Kato. D. An assistant.
3. Jay Chou was well-known in before The Green Hornet.
A. The USA B. Asia C. Europe D. all over the world
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Stephen Chou didn’t give up his role in The Green Hornet.
B. The director had to find nobody to replace Stephen Chou.
C. Jay has been famous in America and China for years.
D. Jay plays the role of an assistant in The Green Hornet.
5. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A. The director thought the movie must be finished!
B. The assistant would like to save the day!
C. The Asian world knew Jay for his singing and piano.
D. The Green Hornet is Kato’s chance to Hollywood.
第二篇：
In Jellystone Park, the bears Yogi and Boo Boo live happily. But they have a big problem now. Jellystone Park loses business (生意慘淡). Mayor (市長) Brown decides to close the park and sell the land.
People in the city will lose a beautiful park. Yogi and Boo Boo will lose their only home. The park keeper , Ranger Smith, will drive them out of (趕出) the park.
Yogi is smarter than the average (普通的) bear. He thinks of an idea. He and Boo Boo will work together with their “enemy (敵人)” Smith. They will find a way to save Jellystone Park together.
Will Smith help Yogi and Boo Boo? Can they save the park? Let’s see the movie Yogi Bear.
閱讀短文，選擇正確答案。
1. Why does Mayor Brown decide to close the park and sell the land?
A. Because the bears Yogi and Boo Boo live happily.
B. Because Yogi and Boo Boo have no friends there.
C. Because there is no business in Jellystone Park.
D. BecauseMayor Brown lives unhappily that day.
2. Where can we see the bears Yogi and Boo Boo?
A. At home. B. In a beautiful garden.
C. On the film. D. In a zoo.
3. From the second paragraph we know that _____.
A. people will have a beautiful park in the city
B. a beautiful park will be lost in the city
C. Yogi and Boo Boo will have another home
D. their only home will be more beautiful
4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The park keeper will drive himself out of the park.
B. The bear Yogi is smarter than the average bear.
C. Yogi has an idea to work together with the park keeper.
D. They will find a way to save Jellystone Park together.
5. The last paragraph mainly tells us ______________.
A. to close the park
B. to help Mayor Brown
C. to see the park
D. to watch the film Yogi Bear
>>>>>>參考答案<<<<<<
第一篇：
【語篇解讀】
當世界著名的香港演員周星馳放棄了他在《青蜂俠》的角色，導演不得不尋找替代者，幸運的是，周傑倫准備挽救大局!周傑倫對美國人來說可能是一個新的`名字，但在整個亞洲世界是著名的，現在這是他進軍好萊塢的好機會!
【長難句注釋】
Jay might be a new name to Americans (me, for example), but the Taiwanese singer, actor, writer and procer has been famous in China for years. The Asian world first knew Jay when he won a singing and piano contest in 1998.
周傑倫對美國人來說可能是一個新的名字(比如，我)，但這個台灣歌手、演員、作家和製片人在中國已經出名多年。亞洲世界第一次認識周傑倫是當他在1998年贏得了一個歌唱和鋼琴比賽的時候。
1. A 細節理解題 從短文第1段的第1個句子When world-famous Hong Kong actor, Stephen Chou, gave up his role in The Green Hornet, it looked as if the movie might be finished! 可知周星馳是出生在香港的。故選A。
2. B 細節理解題 從短文第1段的第3個句子Luckily, Jay Chou was ready to save the day!
可知周傑倫願意代替周星馳出演《青蜂俠》。故選B。
3. B 細節理解題 從短文第3段的第1個句子Jay is famous throughout the Asian world; now it is his chance to become known throughout the United States and Europe! 可知周傑倫在出演《青蜂俠》之前只是在亞洲出名。故選B。
4. D 推理判斷題 從短文第2段的第4個句子Jay plays the role of Kato (加藤) in The Green Hornet. Kato is an assistant to the lead character. 可知周傑倫在《青蜂俠》是扮演一個主角的助手。故選D。
5. C 推理判斷題從短文第2段的第2個句子The Asian world first knew Jay when he won a singing and piano contest in 1998. 可知亞洲人認識周傑倫是因為他的歌唱和鋼琴。故選C。
第二篇：
【語篇解讀】
今天我們要來認識一個可愛的小傢伙—Yogi Bear，Yogi的家園快被拆除了，這就意味著他將流落街頭。為了保衛自己的家園，聰明的Yogi想出了一個好辦法，他們能否拯救公園?讓我們一起來看看電影《瑜伽熊》吧!
【長難句注釋】
In Jellystone Park, the bears Yogi and Boo Boo live happily. But they have a big problem now. Jellystone Park loses business. Mayor Brown decides to close the park and sell the land.
在傑里斯通公園，瑜珈熊和布布熊幸福的生活著。但他們現在有一個很大的問題了。 傑里斯通公園生意慘淡。布朗市長決定關閉公園和出售土地。
1. C 細節理解題 從短文第1段的第3個句子Jellystone Park loses business. 可知市長決定關閉公園並把土地出售的原因是傑里斯通公園生意慘淡。故選C。
2. C 細節理解題 從短文第4段的第3個句子Let’s see the movie Yogi Bear. 可知瑜伽熊和布布熊是電影里的角色，所以只有在電影上才可以看到他們。故選C。
3. B 細節理解題 從短文第2段的第1個句子People in the city will lose a beautiful park. 可知這個城裡的人們將會失去一個美麗的公園。故選B。
4. A 推理判斷題 從短文第2段的第3個句子The park keeper , Ranger Smith, will drive them out of the park. 可知公園管理人將會把瑜伽熊和布布熊趕出公園。故選A。
5. D 推理判斷題 從短文第4段內容可知主要是想號召大家去看電影《瑜伽熊》。故選D。
Ⅳ 中考英語閱讀的四種題型都是什麼主旨 推斷。。 還有什麼題型
常見題型：一、主旨大意題閱讀理解是對整個文章的目的、意圖、觀點、立場、態度以及內在的邏輯關系的理解，而不是斷章取義的一孔之見，所以統覽全篇和問題是很有必要的，這些問題會給你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要細節。在統覽全篇的同時要注意抓住文章的中心大意，捕捉主題 句，因為一些顯性的答案是可以從主題句中直接回答，而隱性的答案則是要通過對全篇的理解才能得出。主題句一般具有以下特徵：1、概括全段思想。2、一般位於段首、段尾或位於段中，它通常是用單詞、短語表達的。當然，有些短語沒有完整的主題句，其主題只好依據整篇文章及上下文的語境，不是某句話的表面意思。3、解這種題目時，不能只憑文中的只言片語而斷章取義，比如涉及文章的標題(title)、主題(main idea)、結論(conclusion)、結局(end)等有關問題，都需要在細讀全文的基礎上，結合所學語言知識、背景知識、生活常識、科學專業知識進行邏輯思維、推理、判斷，從而獲取文章中內隱的信息。主旨題常見的命題形式：(1) The main idea of this text may be…….(2) This passage is mainly about…….(3) The author's purpose in writing this text…….(4) Which of the following is the best title for the passage?(5) What』s the topic of the text?(6) The passage gives us is…...典型例題：如：2005年北京市中考題閱讀理解C篇第二題：The second paragraph mainly tells us that ____.A. Japanese are always healthier than AmericansB. living in the US is not good for people』s healthC. if you eat too much fat you will have cancerD. the way we eat may cause some health problems答案為D。作者表明飲食方式造成人們的健康問題，提出了主題句，此外，為闡明主題思想，在主題之後以日本為例進一步解釋說明此問題。這一類的段落包括三個層次，即：引題—主題—解釋。如果學生把握了這類題型的特點就很容易得出結論。第四題：The greatest help the passage gives us is ____.A. to introce a food guide to the worldB. to provide us with knowledge of six food groupsC. to suggest a way of eating for a healthy lifeD. to find the main cause of some serious diseases答案為C。不同的飲食習慣給我們的健康生活帶來了不同的影響，而不是提供各種類型食物的知識等，因此不能只憑文中的只言片語而斷章取義，選擇其它的選項。二、推斷題這種題目有一定難度，往往不能直接從文中找到答案，而必須根據上下文及其相互間的關系或對整篇文章進行深層理解後，才能找到答案。有時甚至還得聯系作者的態度、觀點、意圖、語氣等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，這些題目一般都是深層意義的題目，他們沒有明示，大多數屬於模糊性的，甚至是模稜兩可。解答這類題時，要求同學予以高度重視注意從話題出發，充分運用自己的邏輯思維能力，從文章的內在含義和字里行間中，從作者的態度和取向中獲取信息，做出正確的判斷，應特別注意以下特徵。1、吃透文章的表層意思，是推理的前提和基礎；2、推理的根據來自於上下文；3、不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點；4、在提問中常用的詞有suggest,mean,infer(推斷),from the fact,indicate(暗示) conclusion，probably，likely，reason，because，according to"等。推斷題常有的命題形式：
Ⅳ 初中英語閱讀理解誒及答案
初中英語閱讀理解誒及答案
讀懂文本不僅是英語閱讀理解正確解題的第一步，也是最關鍵的一步。下面是我分享的初中英語閱讀理解，希望能對大家有所幫助!
閱讀理解【1】
People often say that the Englishman’s home is his castle. They mean that the home is very important and personal to him. Most people in Britain live in houses rather than flats, and many people own their homes.
This means that they can make them indivial(個體的);they can paint them, and change them in any way they like. Most house have a garden, even if it is a very small one, and the garden is usually loved. The house and the garden are the private(私人的)space of the indivial.
People usually like to mark their space. Are you sitting now in your home or on a train?have you marked the space around yourself as your? If you are on the train you may put your coat or small bag on the seat beside you. If you share a flat you may have one corner or chair which is your own.
Once I was travelling on a train to London. I was in a section for four people and there was a table between us .The man on the space on my side of the table at all. I was angry. Maybe he thought that he owned the whole table. I had read a book about non-verbal communications o I took various papers out of my bag and put them on his briefcase! When I did this he stiffened and his eyes nearly popped(瞪出)out of his head. I had invaded(侵犯)his space! A few minutes later I took my papers off his case in order to read them. He immediately moved his case to his side of the table. Of course, it is possible that he just wanted to be helpful to me!
If you are visiting another country you may feel that you don’t have any private space. Hotel rooms look much the same in every country in the world. All day long ,you share public spaces with other people. You see the local people in their private spaces and you feel lonely and “outside”. Local people can create their private spaces by talking about things you don’t know about .And you even feel that they like you to be outside them so that they will enjoy being inside even more! This is one of the difficulties of being a traveler! But if you understand it then it helps you .Haven’t you enjoyed being part of a group and “owning” a bit of space?
1.The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because______.
A. he had no place to sit
B. someone had invaded his “space”
C. too many people shared a section with him
D. some other people talked about things he didn’t know about
2. “… you feel lonely and ‘outside’”in paragraph 4 means that_______.
A. you are alone outside the house
B. you feel lonely because you travel on your own
C. you are alone and therefore you go outside to have some fun
D. you feel lonely and you don’t belong to that place or that group of people
3.In Paragraph 4 ,the pronoun “them’ refers to(所指) “___________”.
A. public spaces B. private spaces
C. local people D. other countries
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. British people dislike marking their space.
B. You always feel at home in another country.
C. Most British people prefer living in houses to flats.
D. You can’t mark your private space in a foreign country.
5.Tha main purpose of the passage is to tell readers to _______.
A. own private spaces by living in houses
B. have one corner of their own in public places
C. realize the importance of “space”in communication
D. create their private spaces by talking with local people
參考答案：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.C
閱讀理解【2】
When you want to go shopping, decide how much money you can spend for new clothes. Think about the kind of clothes you really need. Then look for those clothes on sale(銷售).
There are labels(標簽)inside all new clothes. The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes. The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash by washing in cold water. The label on a coat may say "dry clean only." Washing may ruin(損壞)this coat. If you do as the directions(說明)say on the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best. Many clothes today must be dry cleaned. Dry cleaning is expensive. When buying new clothes, check(核實)to see if they will need to be dry cleaned. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.
You can save money if you buy clothes that are well made. Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Clothes that cost more money are not always better made. They do not always fit(合身)better. Sometime less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.
1.If you want to save money you can buy clothes that _____.
A. don’t fit you
B. don’t last long
C. need to be dry cleaned
D. can be washed
2.The label inside the clothes tell you______.
A. how to keep them looking their best
B. how to save money
C. whether they fit you or not
D. where to get them dry cleaned
3.The first thing for you to do before you buy clothes is ______.
A. to look for well-made clothes
B. to see how much money you can pay
C. to know how to wash them
D. to read the labels inside them
4.We learn from the reading that cheaper clothes ______.
A. are always worse made
B. must be dry cleaned
C. can not be washed
D. can sometimes fit you better
5.The best title(標題) for the reading should be ______.
A. Buying Less Expensive Clothes
B. Taking Enough Money When Shopping
C. Being a Clever Clothes Shopper
D. Choosing the Labels inside New Clothes
1.此題為理解題，從第二段Dry cleaning is expensive. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.可以看出C答案不對，又可以從第三段很容易判斷出A和B不對。
2.此題為理解題，第二段的第二句話應該被看作主題句。從此句可以看出該題答案選擇A。一般說來，文章的段落常有概括中心思想的主題句，且多位於段首或段末，有時也會夾在中間。對無主題句的篇章，考生應對文章進行分析和歸納，然後概括中心思想。
3.此題為直接題，從文章第一段第一句可以看出答案選B。
4.此題為推理題，文章中雖然沒有直接信息，但從文章第二段及第三段很容易推斷出A，B，C答案都是錯誤的。又從第三段最後一句話可以推斷出答案選D。
5.此題為概括題，此題考查文章的標題，主要針對文章的`主題、中心思想、文章的結構層次(主題句或主題段)，要求學生在理解全文後歸納短文要點，概括中心思想。考生歸納各段的主題句不難發現此題答案選擇C。
閱讀理解【3】
My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn't wonderful，but we had everything we needed (beds，blankets，food)，and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends，Kevin and Simon，while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn't know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors，but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in，but after a good deal of pushing， we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud，we were pleased and excited by what we'd done.
根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。
1. The writer spent the Saturday morning _____.
A. rock-climbing
B. sleeping
C. meeting friends
D. caving
2. There were _____ members in all in the writer's group.
A. 6 B. 8 C. l0 D. 12
3. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. some of the group had been there before
B. the group had done rock-climbing many times
C. some of the group already knew each other
D. group all came from the same city
4. The write thought her weekend was _____.
A. interesting B. relaxing
C. frightening D. unpleasant
5. This passage mainly talks about ____.
A. the writer's friends at the Activity Centre
B. the writer's experience at the Activity Centre
C. outdoor sports at the Activity Centre
D. how to go rock-climbing and caving
答案及解析：
1. 選D，根據文中說明Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first.可以判斷出應該選擇D。
2. 選D，Matt and I 還有the other ten members。
3. 選C，A. B. D.均可以從文中找到證據證明其是不正確的。我們知道Cameron had come along with two friends，可以知道C項是正確的。
4. 選A。
5. 選B，總攬全文，可以知道B項為最佳答案。
;Ⅵ 初中英語閱讀理解題訓練
初中英語閱讀理解題訓練
英語，語文，數學，歷史，思想政治，思想品德等科目將貫穿初中三年。為了幫助大家學習英語，我分享了一些初中英語閱讀理解，歡迎閱讀!
賣雨傘的老人
Yesterday evening, when I went to town with my mother, we met a strange old man. It was raining hard and we had no umbrella(傘). We were trying to get into a taxi when he came up to us. He was carrying a nice umbrella and he said that he would give it to us for only a pound. He had forgotten his wallet, he said, needed taxi-fare(出租汽車費) to go back home. My mother didn’t believe what he had said at first, and asked him a lot of questions. But the old man didn’t get into a taxi. We followed(跟隨) him and found he went into a pub(小酒店) and bought himself a glass of whiskey (威士忌) with the pound. After he drank it, he put on his hat and took up one of the many wet umbrellas there and went off with the new one. Soon after that, he sold it again.
1. The old man sold an umbrella to the writer and her mother.
2. He gave it to them for only a pound because he had forgotten his wallet and needed taxi fare to go back home.
3. The umbrella was worth more than one pound.
4. The old man sold his own umbrella.
5. He was an honest man.
參考答案與解析：
1. A 推理判斷題。雖然文中不可直接找到答案，但由後文的bought himself a glass of whiskey (威士忌) with the pound.中pound前用的是the(那) 和he sold it again中的again(又)可推斷出，作者和他母親買了那個老人的傘。
2. B 事實細節題。由文中所述這個老人收錢後並沒乘taxi回家，而是去pub喝酒可知。
3. A 推理判斷題。他要將傘賣給作者時說for only a pound中的only可以推斷，那把傘不只值1英鎊。
4. B推理判斷題。這個老頭先賣給了作者一把傘，可是他喝酒後又took up one of the many wet umbrellas there，並將其很快賣掉，由此推斷賣的並不是他自己的傘，而是別人的傘。
5. B推理判斷題。這個老人原來說賣傘乘taxi回家，事實上是上pub喝酒，後來又拿別的雨傘去賣掉，由此可推斷他是不誠實的。
前人栽樹 後人乘涼
A rich man was once riding along the road and saw an old man digging in his garden. On the ground lay a young tree, ready to be planted. The rich man called out to the old man, “What kind of tree are you planting there, my good man?”
“This is a fig(無花果) tree, sir. ” He said.
“A fig tree?” the rich man was very surprised, “Why, how old are you, may I ask?”
“I am ninety years old.”
“What!” cried the rich man, “You’re ninety years old. You are planting a very young tree now and it’ll take years to give fruit. You certainly don’t hope to live long enough to get any fruit from this tree. ” The old man looked around the garden. Then he said with a smile, “Tell me, sir. Did you eat figs when you were a boy? ”“Sure,” the man did not know why he asked this question. “Then tell me this,” he said, “Who planted the fig trees?” “Why-why? I don’t know.” “You see, sir.” went on the old man,“Our forefathers(祖先) planted trees for us to enjoy and I am doing the same for the people after me.”
The rich man was quiet and said, “You are right，my good man. We should do some things for the people after us. Thank you very much.” Then he rode away.
根據短文內容回答下列各問題。
11.What tree was the old man planting when the rich man saw him?
________________________________________
12. How old was the old man?
_________________________________________
13. The old man was planting the tree to get himself some fruit to eat，wasn’t he? Who was he planting the tree for?
____________________________________________
14. Did the rich man eat figs when he was a boy?
____________________________________________
15. What should we do for the people after us?
_____________________________________________
參考答案與解析：
【文章大意】一位富人見一位90歲的老人在種無花果樹，感到很驚訝。老人對他說，“我們的`祖先為我們栽樹，供我們享受，我也為我的後人們做同樣的事。”
11.He was planting a fig tree.
12. He was ninety years old.
13. No, he wasn’t. He was planting the tree for the people after him .
14. Yes, he did.
15. We should do some good things for the people after us.
展示自己的業余愛好
One day, Mr White told the class to get ready for a hobby show. All the students had the whole morning to get what they were going to show.
All the students came back on time except Bob, the laziest boy in his classmates’ eyes. It was very difficult to believe that such a boy could have a hobby. But to their surprise, Bob came back with many beautiful stamps in his hand. Mr White was very happy after watching them. However, Bob was going to take them back.
“Bob, you can’t take them back until the others watch them this afternoon,” said Mr White.
“But I’m sorry they are my brother’s,” he answered. “He doesn’t want them to be out of our home for long. He’s afraid that they will be lost.”
“Bob, you should show your own hobby here, not someone else’s” Mr White became a bit angry.
But Bob’s following words made him even angrier. “Mr White, it’s true that I have a hobby. My hobby is watching my brother collecting stamps.”
1. All the students ______ the whole morning in ______ready for the hobby show.
2. Bob was so______ that his classmates didn’t ______ he could have a hobby.
3. When Bob ______ to his classroom, he brought many beautiful ______.
4. The things in ______ hand were ______ his but his brother’s.
5. Bob thought he ______ a “hobby”. He liked ______ his brother collecting.
本文是個幽默故事，懷特先生叫全班學生展示自己的業余愛好，懶惰的Bob意外地帶來了許多郵票。經老師盤問才知郵票是他哥哥集的，他的業余愛好就是愛他哥哥集郵。
參考答案與解析：
1. spent, getting
2. lazy, think / believe
3. returned, stamps
4.Bob’s, not
5.had, watching
;Ⅶ 初中英語閱讀理解解題技巧 教你一眼看出正確答案
1、猜詞題：根據上下文確定劃線詞或短語的准確含義。猜詞題做題方法就是在劃線詞所在句子、段落中尋找正確答案。先看劃線本句，再看前後句。根據大意推測該詞含義。
2、細節題：這類題是針對文章的細節設計的。在閱讀理解題中占據很大的比重，做好這類題是確保基礎分的關鍵。弄清細節，正確獲取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。細節題的做題方法主要是找關鍵詞，有針對性地到文章中尋找細節，並結合選項。在做細節題的時候，認真分析每一個選項，每一個選項都能利用關鍵詞在文章中找到出處，每找到一處一定要在下面劃線做標記，順手在旁邊標上這是哪一題的哪個選項;除此之外，一定要將三錯誤選項都勾畫出錯誤的地方，這樣才能保證你選擇的那個是正確答案。
3、推斷題：在理解原文表面信息的基礎上，做出判斷和推理。得出其隱含意義和深層意思。考查對閱讀材料全篇的邏輯關系的理解，對文章各段，各句之間的邏輯關系的理解能力。凡是推斷題一定不選原文信息的同義表述。做這類題要依據作者所陳述的細節、事實以及作者的措詞、態度和語氣，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞句，然後利用自己已獲得的相關知識進行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結論。
4、主旨題：此類題大多數針對段落或文章的主題思想、標題或目的。大多數是針對文章的細節設計的。此類題往往是閱讀題中的難點。很多學生難以發現主旨選項。
Ⅷ 初一英語閱讀理解解題技巧
初一英語閱讀理解解題技巧
閱讀理解是初中英語各類考試中的重要考點，掌握閱讀理解的技巧對於提高英語成績十分重要。不妨看看初一英語閱讀理解解題技巧。
初一英語閱讀理解解題技巧
1、細節理解題
*此類題主要考察學生對相關信息的識別能力， 答案一般在原文中能找到。
*答題時應迅速找到它的考察點，切不可望文生義或主觀臆斷。
*出題中所設的干擾項一般與文中的觀點截然相反，要麼不符，要麼未涉及，相對容易排除。
2、文章(段落)主旨大意題
Which is the best title of the passage?
The writer thinks________.
The writer wants to tell us__________.
The main idea of the passage is________.
*切忌以點代面，以偏概全。文章的首尾句及各段的首尾句往往是探察全文內容的窗口，閱讀時要學會找出文章的中心句。
*在閱讀過程中，可通過略讀來快速把握文章的'中心，閱讀時視閾要寬，緊抓對主題句的搜索，按意群進行閱讀，避免閱讀中的出聲、指讀、復視或停頓。
*學會猜詞、跳詞閱讀，以暫時記憶迅速在頭腦中清晰把握文章的大意。
3、推理判斷題
此類題需要透過文章信息進行深入的分析、綜合、歸納等推斷，需根據上下文及其內在聯系對篇章進行深入的分析。
1) How many times did the tiger come into the village?
*每段的首句，含有重要的解題線索。
2) From the second paragraph we know_____.
*在把握全篇的基礎上，細讀這一段。
4、是非判斷題
Which of the following is (NOT) true?
Which of the following descriptions about… is right?
*干擾項常常是無中生有，張冠李戴，以偏概全，擴大內容。
5、詞意句意題
What does the word 「…」 mean in paragraph 3?
What does the sentence 「…」 really mean?
In the last paragraph, 「…」 means___.
What does the underlined word mean?
;Ⅸ 初中英語閱讀理解的解題小技巧
初中英語閱讀理解的解題小技巧
英語閱讀題最重要的還是要多練習，只有多練習，才能把握其中的技巧和語感，這樣答題的正確率才會不斷提高。下面我給大家介紹初中英語閱讀理解的解題小技巧，一起來學習吧!
一、細節事實
新課程標准有關閱讀最基本的要求是「能從一般性文章中獲取和處理主要信息」。對這種「獲取和處理主要信息」能力的考查，主要採用的方式就是細節判斷。
這類題在閱讀理解題中占據半壁江山，做好這類題是確保基礎分的關鍵。同時，弄清細節，正確獲取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。因此，要特別重視做好這類題。
1細節事實題題干常見的問句形式
1)True or NOT true 是非判斷類型：
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT true? Which of the following is NOT considered as……? According to the passage， which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for……?
2)特殊疑問詞提問類型：
How many……?What/who/when/where/how/why……?
3)排序題類型：
Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?
4)例證題類型：
The author gives the example in……paragraph in order to ……
5)表唯一細節概念題類型：
……the most / ~est …………the only ……
2細節事實題的解題方法
做這類題的一般方法是先要找出題干或是選項中的關鍵字，一般為數字、大寫或人名地名，再快速確定該細節在文中的出處(信息源)，仔細對照題干要求，排除或選擇。
命題者在出這類題時慣用「偷梁換柱、張冠李戴」的手法來迷惑考生，即對原句細微處做改動，截取原文詞語或結構進行改造，因果倒置，把A的觀點說成B的觀點等。
所以正確理解題乾和信息句的意義是關鍵。細節事實題還要十分注意句子的非主幹成分，如定語、狀語、補語等，這些成分都是出題者常進行誤導的落腳點。
是非判斷一般都遵循對照選項進行「三對一錯或三錯一對」的判斷。若該信息句是長句或難句，要學會找出其主幹部分，分析句子結構，正確理解信息句的意義。一定要注意的是，要所答是所問，不要受到慣勢思維的影響，習慣性地去選擇正確的細節事實，切記要弄清問題，不要所答非所問。
1）例證題一定要注意以for example……，such as……等關鍵入手處，找出細節出處。
2）排序題要先仔細觀察選項，找出首尾相同的選項分組，進而通過具體細節信息比較進行排除和選擇。
3）唯一細節題一定要仔細審題，弄清題干所需。特別需要提醒的是，選項中出現有有most (最高級)、the only(唯一)、all(所有)、none(全否)修飾的細節，都具有絕對性，選擇判斷時要慎選。
二、主旨大意
此類題型用以考查學生對文章主題或中心思想的領會和理解能力。其中一類題型為主旨問題。
1主旨大意題題干常見的問句形式
1)主旨句設問類型：
What is the main idea of this passage?What does the passage maily talk about?We can conclude / learn from the passage that ……
2)最佳標題選擇類型：
The best title for this passage is ……
3)作者主旨意圖類型：
What does the writer want to tell us?Which can express the purpose of the writer according to the passage?
2主旨大意題的解題方法
主旨大意題一定要注意文章的首尾兩段。如果首尾兩段的主旨表達是一致的.，那麼文章的主旨便是兩段重復表明的語句內容表達。找出選項中與歸納的主旨表達重復最多的選項即為最佳答案。
如果首尾兩段的主旨表達不一致，則需要觀察文章的段落篇幅量是傾向於首段或是尾段，從而確定主旨段落。
在此過程中，觀察篇幅量只需跳讀文章段落的首句尾句即可，無需細讀段落內容，以節省時間。如果文章只有一段，則注意文章的首兩句及尾句，然後用以上的方法確定主旨句。
此外，標題選擇即為主旨句的壓縮表達，注意抓住主旨句進行主要詞彙的提煉，把一個句子提煉為幾個關鍵詞，即是對主旨大意進行概括歸納的標題。而作者意圖表達必須通過歸納中心主題才能找到，通常體現為advise，convince，present，propose，warn等。
三、推理判斷
此類題的關鍵是要注意原文出現的語句不是我們做出的推理判斷，而是原文給出的細節信息，所以原文語句不能選。判斷時對已知的事實仔細評價後做出的合理決定並非唯一決定，要對事實進行合乎情理的判斷，有時還需藉助常識進行判斷。
推理判斷題分兩種，即對細節的推理和對主旨的推理。主要以We can infer / imply / learn from this passage that ……等進行提問。
解決此類題要注意，一是與原文相同的細節不能選，二是文中沒有出現的細節不能跳出文章做推斷。解題過程中只要注意上述兩點，再結合做細節和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判斷題。
四、詞義猜測題
詞義猜測是利用上下文語境對某些生詞、難句做出推測和判斷。該題旨在考查學生根據上下文推斷詞彙的能力，因而，所考單詞的意義通常超出大綱范圍。
常見形式有：
1）The word / phrase…… means / refers to……
2）From the passage，we can infer the word…… is closest in meaning to……
3）What does the word…… in paragraph……mean?
要做好此類題，要注意四點。
第一，要熟練掌握大綱單詞，平時注意積累生詞和短語。
第二，要把詞放到句子里，把句子放在句群里。
第三，注意詞、句的位置，確定結構關系。
第四，要善於利用連詞、代詞及詞性、同義詞法、反義詞法等進行判斷選擇。
;Ⅹ 初中英語閱讀理解題型
初中英語閱讀理解題型
英語閱讀理解題是中考英語常見的題型之一,且佔比分較大,讓學生熟悉常見的題型,掌握正確的答題技巧及解題步驟,可收到"事半功倍"的效果。下面就由我來跟大家介紹一下初中英語閱讀理解常見題型及答題技巧吧!
【初中英語閱讀理解題型及解題技巧】
(一)主旨題
主旨題主要考查學生對短文中心思想或作者意圖的掌握。做此類題時，應通讀全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主題句的意義。短文往往圍繞主題句展開，主題句通常出現在短文第一句或最後一句。
(二)細節題
細節題是用來進一步表達主題，體現中心思想的，往往針對短文某個細節來設題。做此類題時，應快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、數字等，閱讀時要有針對性。
(三)推斷題
推斷題就是根據某個事實推斷結論，主要考查學生的理解力和推斷力。這類推斷通常包括：數據事實推斷、常識推斷以及作者的寫作目的、態度和傾向等的推斷。做此類題時，應根據短文中的相關語句，對與事實有關的細節加以分析，找出線索，悟出字里行間的意思，反復比較，從而作出合乎邏輯的判斷。
(四)猜測詞義題
猜測詞義題主要考查學生根據上下文正確判斷靈活變化的詞義能力。一般情況下，推斷詞義的題目中所出現的單詞，大多數是學生未曾見過的生詞，學生需要在該詞出現的上下文中去尋找線索。通過閱讀上下文，斷定該詞的真正含義，然後將這個釋義代入文中，檢查是否貼切，仔細比較直到得出該詞的確切的含義。
(五)正誤判斷題
正誤判斷題主要考查學生對文章的具體事實、信息的理解能力。一般是根據文章的事實或細節，給出一個句子，判斷其正誤。這類題比較直接，難度相對較小。做此類題時，應先看題，後帶著“問題”快速閱讀短文，尋找所需要的信息。 初中英語閱讀理解題已成為評估學生英語水平的重要測試題型，在中考英語試卷中所佔比重較大。閱讀理解題主要是考查學生綜合運用所學語言知識的能力，包括細節理解能力、詞義判斷能力、歸納概括能力及邏輯推理能力等。大致來說，閱讀理解題主要針對如下方面：
(1) 個別詞語或句子;(2)某一細節或情節;(3)主題;(4)背景知識;(5)結論或結局;(6) 內涵隱意或寓意等。下面本人就根據閱讀理解題的題型特點，來談一些答題技巧。
一、直接理解題
這種題目比較簡單，只要通讀全文，了解文中所敘述的重要事實或細節就可以解答出來，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案。此類題目的出題形式很多，例如：
(1)Which of the following statements is true / false?
(2)Which of the following is(not)mentioned?
(3)How many / How much / Where / How / What„„?
(4)What does the writer think about?
(5)Which is the right order of the events given in thepassage?
要快速辨認和記憶事實或細節，就需要恰當地使用查閱的方法。查閱是讀者在對材料有所了解的情況下進行的，它的特點是帶著問題去尋找答案，往往與略讀綜合使用，具體方法與步驟如下：
(1)略讀材料，了解原文大意，掌握其中心意思或主旨。
(2)按文章的體裁、作者寫作的組織模式及有關信息詞，如for example，first，second„„預測應該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實。
(3)將自己的精力放在尋找所需要的細節上，快速通篇閱讀，眼睛自左至右、自下而上呈Z形掃視，待找到含有相關細節的句子時，就要放慢速度，仔細核對，比較內容，直至找到答案。
二、語義理解題
在閱讀中，我們經常會遇到一些生詞，需要根據上下文猜測它們的意思。此類問題考查學生緊扣原文，根據上下文語境判斷單詞、詞語或短句意義的能力。常見的題型有：直接對生詞進行解釋;對多義詞或短語在文章具體語言環境中的意義作出准確判斷;對英語中的一些格言或諺語進行解釋;對文中一些代詞的指代對象作出界定等。這種題型常見的設題方式如下：
(1)The underlined word(phrase)in the passage means______.
(2)The word“it/them”in the first paragraph refers to______.
(3)The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means____.
(4)What does the underlined word“„”refer to______.
(5)By „ the writer means______.
在做此類題時，考生應緊扣原文，根據上下文語境進行判斷，切不要望文生義或斷章取義，也不能只選擇自己熟悉的意思。猜測詞義的常見方法有：
1)根據構詞法猜測詞義;
(2)根據上下文猜測詞義;
(3)根據定義或解釋猜測詞義;
(4)根據同義詞、反義詞以及對比關系猜測詞義;
(5)根據生活常識猜測詞義。
三、邏輯推理題
推理判斷試題屬於深層閱讀理解題。它要求考生盡量考慮文中全部信息或事實，在通篇理解文章的基礎上，嚴格按照作者提供的信息推斷出作者的言外之意。這種題型常見的設題方式有：
(1)From the text，it can be inferred that______.
(2)The passage suggests that______.
(3)Which of the following best describes______.
(4)The writer’s attitude towards„is______.
(5)From the text，we learn that______.
這種題目有一定難度，解答時必須根據上下文及相互間的關系或對整篇文章進行深層理解後，才能找到答案。有時甚至還得聯系作者的意圖、態度等文外之意加以推理。解此類題目可從以下幾方面入手：
(1)根據常識判斷。即解題時，除弄清文意外，還需藉助生活常識、風土人情、傳說掌故、名人軼事等進行判斷。
(2)根據知識判斷。即解題時，運用一些一般性知識，如天文、地理、文學、藝術、科技等自然科學和社會科學知識。
(3)根據計算判斷。即解題時，運用一些數學知識進行和差、面積、體積、速度等方面的運算。
(4)根據情節判斷。即解題時，從情節所提供的基本事實出發，尋找一定規律，如時間關系、條件關系、因果關系、比較關系、轉折關系等作為推理根據。這種題目最容易出現，考生要從時間、地點、事件的情節安排與發展中，深入探討其邏輯關系及隱喻、引申等因素。
四、歸納總結題
這種題型要求學生在理解全文的基礎上，對文章進行歸納、概括或評價。解這種題目時，不能只憑文中的只言片語而斷章取義，如涉及文章的標題(title)、主題(main idea)、結論(conclusion)、結局(end)等有關問題，都需要在細讀全文的基礎上，結合所學語言知識進行邏輯思維、推理、判斷，從而獲取文章中的內在信息。常見的設題方式有：
(1)The general idea of the passage is about______.
2)The main idea of the article is______.
(3)The main purpose of this selection is______.
4)The passage suggests that______.
5)Which of the following best states the theme of thepassage?
具體解題時，應注意一些技巧：
(1)首先看短文的開頭和結尾，確定短文題材，預測其內容。每段的第一句話往往會提供重要信息，可以幫助我們搜索各段落乃至整篇文章的大意。
(2)速讀全文，整體理解短文大意，抓住關鍵詞語，弄清文章的主旨。
(3)根據已知短文內容，著手解題。可先將文後的選擇題看一下，然後帶著問題再去閱讀。這樣做，一方面有助於對文章進一步理解，另一方面可以有針對性地從文章中尋找答案。
(4)迅速復讀全文，檢查自己的理解是否正確，所選答案是否前後矛盾。通過全面考慮，最後確定答案。
一.教學大綱對閱讀理解的要求
(一)初中英語教學大綱對學生閱讀上的基本要求：
1.能閱讀難度相當於課文的材料，理解其大意。
2.能獨立閱讀所學語言知識范圍內的材料，生詞率不超過3%。
3.閱讀速度要求每分鍾50-70詞。
(二)中考閱讀理解的考點
1.文章的話題—略讀文章，領會文章大意的題。
2.文章的中心題—歸納，概括的能力。
3.文章的細節—掃讀或細讀文章，以獲得某些特地信息或准確的尋找所需細節的能力。
4.文章的寓意，結論-領會作者的言外之意或推斷出文章的結論。
5.生詞詞意，猜詞—對生詞詞意的判斷能力。
(三)中考閱讀理解考察的文體
1.記敘文—抓住人物，地點，時間，情節發展線索。
2.說明文—要以事物為中心進行思考。抓住事物的特徵，用途，相互關系等。
(四)解題思路與技巧
1.快速瀏覽全文，掌握大意。
2.仔細審題，分析比較選項 。
3.帶著問題復讀，捕捉關鍵信息，解答問題。
4.再讀全文，核對答案。
二.閱讀理解題型及解題技巧
從近幾年的中考閱讀理解情況看，短文體裁多樣，題材各異，文章涉及科學知識、社會文化、政治歷史、人文環境和日常生活等方面，
充分體現其時代性、實用性。短文難度逐年加大。常見題型有主旨題、細節題、推斷題、猜測詞義題和正誤判斷題。
做閱讀理解練習應先看問題，弄清考點。在閱讀短文之前，快速瀏覽問題，以便在閱讀短文時做到心中有數，快速、准確地捕捉所要信息。先易後難。做題時不必拘泥於書中所呈現的語篇順序，應遵循先易後難的原則。如可先做細節題再做推斷題，因為細節題大多能直接從文中找到答案，而推斷題則需對短文進行深層理解，再作判斷。
(一)主旨題
主旨題主要考查學生對短文中心思想或作者意圖的掌握。做此類題時，應通讀全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主題句的意義。短文往往圍繞主題句展開，主題句通常出現在短文第一句或最後一句。
(二)細節題
細節題是用來進一步表達主題，體現中心思想的，往往針對短文某個細節來設題。做此類題時，應快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、數字等，閱讀時要有針對性。
(三)推斷題
推斷題就是根據某個事實推斷結論，主要考查學生的理解力和推斷力。這類推斷通常包括：數據事實推斷、常識推斷以及作者的寫作目的、態度和傾向等的推斷。做此類題時，應根據短文中的.相關語句，對與事實有關的細節加以分析，找出線索，悟出字里行間的意思，反復比較，從而作出合乎邏輯的判斷。
(四)猜測詞義題
猜測詞義題主要考查學生根據上下文正確判斷靈活變化的詞義能力。一般情況下，推斷詞義的題目中所出現的單詞，大多數是學生未曾見過的生詞，學生需要在該詞出現的上下文中去尋找線索。通過閱讀上下文，斷定該詞的真正含義，然後將這個釋義代入文中，檢查是否貼切，仔細比較直到得出該詞的確切的含義。
1.通過因果關系猜詞
通過因果關系猜詞，首先是找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關系，然後才能猜詞。有時文章藉助關聯詞(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因後果。例如：
You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault.通過for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯)，可猜出blame的詞義是"責備"。
2.通過同義詞和反義詞的關系猜詞
通過同義詞猜詞，一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞片語，如happy and gay，即使我們不認識gay這個詞，也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在進一步解釋的過程中使用的同義詞，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均為生詞，但只要知道planets就可猜出這幾個詞都屬於"行星"這一義域。通過反義詞猜詞，一是看錶轉折關系的連詞或副詞，如but，while，however等;二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根據not at all...handsome我們不難推測出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通過構詞法猜詞
在閱讀文章時，我們總會遇上一些新詞彙，有時很難根據上下文來推斷其詞意，而它們對文章的理解又有著舉足輕重的作用，此時，如掌握了一些常用的詞根、前綴、後綴等語法知識，這些問題便不難解決了。
4.通過定義或釋義關系來推測詞義
例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought.
從drought所在句子的上文我們得知很久不下雨，於是便有一段乾旱的時期，即drought，由此可見drought意思為"久旱"，"旱災"。而a dry period和drought是同義語。這種同義或釋義關系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折號等來表示。
5.通過句法功能來推測詞義
例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生詞，我們可以從這兩個詞在句中所處的位置來判斷它們大致的意思。從句中不難看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同類關系，同屬fruit類，因此它們是兩樣水果，准確地說，是菠蘿和椰子。
6.通過描述猜詞
描述即作者為幫助讀者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而對該人或該物作出的外在相貌或內在特徵的描寫。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.從例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一種生活在南極的鳥類。後面更詳盡地描述了該鳥類的生活習性。
(五)正誤判斷題
正誤判斷題主要考查學生對文章的具體事實、信息的理解能力。一般是根據文章的事實或細節，給出一個句子，判斷其正誤。這類題比較直接，難度相對較小。做此類題時，應先看題，後帶著“問題”快速閱讀短文，尋找所需要的信息。
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