英語閱讀信息選擇正確答案
初中英語閱讀理解訓練及答案解析
閱讀理解在英語考試中占據很大比重,同時涉及的知識點很多,這就導致得分率相對其他題型低。為了幫助大家，我分享了一些初中閱讀理解，希望能對大家有所幫助!
閱讀理解【1】
My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn't wonderful，but we had everything we needed (beds，blankets，food)，and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends，Kevin and Simon，while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn't know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors，but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in，but after a good deal of pushing， we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud，we were pleased and excited by what we'd done.
根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。
1. The writer spent the Saturday morning _____.
A. rock-climbing
B. sleeping
C. meeting friends
D. caving
2. There were _____ members in all in the writer's group.
A. 6 B. 8 C. l0 D. 12
3. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. some of the group had been there before
B. the group had done rock-climbing many times
C. some of the group already knew each other
D. group all came from the same city
4. The write thought her weekend was _____.
A. interesting B. relaxing
C. frightening D. unpleasant
5. This passage mainly talks about ____.
A. the writer's friends at the Activity Centre
B. the writer's experience at the Activity Centre
C. outdoor sports at the Activity Centre
D. how to go rock-climbing and caving
答案及解析：
1. 選D，根據文中說明Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first.可以判斷出應該選擇D。
2. 選D，Matt and I 還有the other ten members。
3. 選C，A. B. D.均可以從文中找到證據證明其是不正確的。我們知道Cameron had come along with two friends，可以知道C項是正確的。
4. 選A。
5. 選B，總攬全文，可以知道B項為最佳答案。
閱讀理解【2】
As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins(企鵝)may be in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins have decreased(減少) by 30% since 1987.
Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Mary live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷蝦).
The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproce(繁殖). Besides，many alt penguins die of hunger.
Widespread(廣泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.
News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild. Now these South African penguins are reprocing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.
根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。
1. Penguins ___________.
A. can swim better than fly
B. can be found near Oceania (大洋洲)
C. eat fish only
D. live only in cold waters.
2. Which of the following is NOT the cause of penguin's decrease in numbers?
A. Oil searching. B. Widespread fishing.
C. Human's killing. D. Warming of the oceans.
3. Why are the penguins in South Africa reprocing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking?
A. Because people removed the ship.
B. Because people sent a lot of penguins to the wild.
C. Because people helped the penguins.
D. Because people treated the penguins well.
答案及解析：
1. 選B，我們知道企鵝不會飛，因此A不正確，除了吃魚，他還吃磷蝦，因此C不正確。只能選B。
2. 選C，本文中並沒有說人類是如何捕殺企鵝，相反，人類對企鵝的'態度相當友好。
3. 選C，根據文章可以判斷是由於人類的幫助。
閱讀理解【3】
Hundreds of years ago，a Roman army came north from England to make war on Scotland. The Scots，a brave people，loved their country very much. They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland，but there were too many Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win.
One night，the leader of Scots marched his soldiers to the top of a hill. "We will rest here tonight，my men,"he said. "Tomorrow we will fight one more battle. We must win or we will die."
They were all very tired，so they ate their supper quickly and fell asleep. There were four guards on ty，but they，too，were very tired，and one by one，also fell asleep.
The Romans were not asleep. Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill. Slowly they climbed up the hillside，taking care not to make a sound. Closer and closer they came to the sleeping Scots. They were almost at the top. A few minutes more，the war would be over. Suddenly，one of them put his foot on a thistle(薊). He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots. In a moment，they were on their feet and ready for battle. The fighting was hard but it did not last long. The Scots wiped out the Romans and saved their country.
The thistle is not a beautiful plant. It has sharp needles all over it. Few people like it. But the people of Scotland liked it so much that they made it their national flower.
根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。
1. Hundreds of years ago there was a war between ________.
A. Roman army and North England
B. Roman army and the Scots
C. England and Scots
D. a brave people and the Scots
2. At first it looked as if the Romans would win because ________.
A. the Scots were not brave
B. the Roman army was so strong
C. the Scots did not have a good leader
D. the Romans had the support from the Scottish
3. "We must win or we will die."What the leader of the Scots said means ________.
A. they were sure to win
B. they couldn't escape from death
C. they would win and then they would die
D. they must try hard to win， otherwise they would be killed
4. The Romans climbed up the hill quietly because ________.
A. they didn't want to wake the Scots
B. they wanted to reach the top
C. they wanted to catch the four guards first
D. they were afraid of the sharp needles of the thistle
5. The people of Scotland made thistle their national flower because ________.
A. it is a beautiful plant
B. it is fresh and lovely
C. it had so many sharp needles all over it
D. it was the thistle that helped the Scots to win the battle
答案及解析：
1.選B，文中很明顯的指出，這場戰爭是Roman army和the Scots之間的。
2.選B，They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland，but there were too many Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win. 是因為Romans太強大。因此選B。
3.選D，"We must win or we will die."的意思是"我們必須勝利，否則我們會死掉"，因此選D。
4.選A，the Romans悄悄爬山的原因是不想吵醒the Scots，以便偷襲。
5.選D，根據文中大意，可得出正確答案。
;2. 高考英語閱讀理解的解題技巧
英語閱讀理解題的難度在不斷增大,考生們也大多知難而進，在英語試卷中，閱讀理解在分數上佔到大部分，所以起到至關重要的作用。如果閱讀理解沒有做好，那麼就很難在考試中取得高分。既然閱讀理解如此重要，如何提高閱讀理解的解題速度和解題正確率就成為一個非常現實的話題了，具體從四個步驟來展開：
第一步：通讀全文，把握文章大意
拿到閱讀篇章，第一步就是要求通讀全文，力爭把握文章體裁和脈絡，做到能夠回答when(故事發生的時間)、where(故事發生的地點)、who(文章的主人公)和what(文章講述了什麼事情)等問題。
第二步：細讀題干，查尋轉換內容
把握文章大意後，必須把注意力集中到文章題目上來，對於題干內容，必須要提煉出最能夠說明問題的詞、片語或者句型，然後再在這個基礎上從文章中找出同義詞、片語或者句型，這一遍帶著目的讀文章必須是字斟句酌、非常仔細。
第三步：掃讀語塊，搜索有效信息
剛才我們已經在文章中找到了與題干吻合的單詞、片語或者句型，在這個吻合單詞、片語或者句型周圍掃描，力爭找到能夠說明問題，幫助選擇正確答案的信息。
第四步：查讀題項，定位正確答案
在第三步搜索到有效信息的基礎上，進入了最後的攻堅階段，即臨門一腳、找出正確答案的階段，在這一階段，有時會發現問題解決起來就不難了：）~
一些方法詳細的可以看這里：）~~
3. 考研英語：閱讀理解怎樣快速找答案
考研英語閱讀不僅需要大量的詞彙量，更需從答案著手，「慧眼識珠」，消除干擾答案，更加快速高效的做出選擇。真題做到現在，小夥伴們是否可以快速識別錯誤答案，准確選出正確的選項呢?一起看看選項的不同特徵吧。
考研英語閱讀理解答案10大特徵，良心總結！
錯誤選項篇
錯誤選項的十大基本特徵：
1. 無中生有(出現原文中未提及的概念)
2. 正反混淆(選項的意思跟原文的意思相反)
3. 答非所問(選項符合原文，但是不符合題干)
4. 擴大范圍(注意隱蔽型的擴大范圍mostly/mainly/generally)
5. 因果倒置
6. 常識判斷(符合常識的不一定是正確答案，但是不符合常識的一定不是正確答案)
7. 過分絕對。(never/must/no等+名詞，若有緩和就不是錯誤的)
8. 推理過遠
9. 變換詞性
10.偷換概念
提醒：前六種相對容易判斷，後四種要利用文章的邏輯關系才可判斷出來。
錯誤選項的內容來源：
1. 文中不同內容的嫁接
2. 文中內容的篡改
3. 文中相關內容的杜撰
4. 對文中提到的內容範圍進行放大或縮小處理
5. 斷章取義
6. 因果關系倒置
7. 相似但不同性質詞語的替換(最具迷惑性，如把「in sympathy with贊同」替換成了「show sympathy for同情」;把「live with忍受」替換成了「enjoy享受」)
提醒：照抄原文不一定是答案，近義詞替換有可能是。
正確選項篇
正確答案的特徵
(一)正確選項的五大基本特徵：
1、出現的位置：段首段尾處、轉折關系處、讓步關系處、因果關系處、條件關系處;
2. 正確答案通常與文章中心思想，主旨大意，作者對文中論述事物所持的觀點態度有關。注意：這是解題基調，如果作者在文中對整個事物是持積極正面的評價，那麼選項中出現消極反面的，與事實相反的肯定不是解。
3、正確答案涉及的方式：原文信息的同義改寫、歸納總結或原文中心的歸納或原文信息的正話反說或反話正說;
4. 正確答案從語義上去理解經常含有不肯定的語氣詞和委婉表達的詞：can may might, possible, not necessarily, some尤其是推理題的答案常這樣設置，以顯示推理題所論述含義的相對性。
5. 正確答案具有概括性(考察考生的理解歸納能力)，深刻性，因為其考查的對象是閱讀文章的重點和要點。
(二)補充特徵：
1. 難的最可能是答案，這與命題動機有些相似，難的比容易的更能考察考生對語言的理解能力，具體體現在下面幾個方面：
(1)否定的比肯定的難，否定的是答案(包括否定，雙重和多重否定)。
(2)抽象的比具體的難，抽象深刻的是答案，具體膚淺的不是。
(3)動態變化的比靜態的難，動態變化的是答案。
(4)未知難於已知，未知的是答案。
2.正面積極、符合邏輯的是答案，內容負面消極、不合邏輯的不是答案。(研究生入學考試作為國內較高層次的考試，相信沒人會冒天下之大不韙，引導考生走向歧途，因此，積極的、與客觀真理相符合的是答案)。
3. 常規的不是答案，觀點新且合理的是答案。
4. 含義與文章內容方向一致的，描述客觀的是答案。
5. 選項含義豐富有彈性的是答案，絕對的無端的不是答案如：有條件的是答案，相對的是答案。
提醒：四個選項中有兩項意思相反時，其中必有一個是答案。
在最後的沖刺階段，考生們一定要找准方法，得高分才是最重要的!
4. 英語閱讀時明明文章全都看懂了，為什麼選擇出來的答案正確率仍舊不高！ 每次都錯了一大片的題
我以前做閱讀時也經常出現這樣的情況，後來逐漸改變對英語閱讀的答題方法，專現在好多了。
出現這屬樣問題的原因在於：我們不能用做漢語閱讀的方法來做英語閱讀。
英語閱讀題通常考的是對某段、某個詞語或者對作者attitude的理解，這樣，做題時必須緊緊抓住題干，然後根據問題找到文章中對這個問題的說法，千萬不能通過自己的個人主觀臆斷。如果克服了這個問題，相信就可以降低你的錯誤率了。個人體會，希望可以對你有幫助。
5. 初三英語閱讀題
初三英語閱讀題
下面是由我為大家整理的初三的英語閱讀理解題以及答案解析，有興趣的朋友不妨來學習一下!
第一篇：
My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn't wonderful，but we had everything we needed (beds，blankets，food)，and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends，Kevin and Simon，while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn't know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors，but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in，but after a good deal of pushing， we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud，we were pleased and excited by what we'd done.
根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。
1. The writer spent the Saturday morning _____.
A. rock-climbing
B. sleeping
C. meeting friends
D. caving
2. There were _____ members in all in the writer's group.
A. 6 B. 8 C. l0 D. 12
3. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. some of the group had been there before
B. the group had done rock-climbing many times
C. some of the group already knew each other
D. group all came from the same city
4. The write thought her weekend was _____.
A. interesting B. relaxing
C. frightening D. unpleasant
5. This passage mainly talks about ____.
A. the writer's friends at the Activity Centre
B. the writer's experience at the Activity Centre
C. outdoor sports at the Activity Centre
D. how to go rock-climbing and caving
第二篇：
As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins(企鵝)may be in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins have decreased(減少) by 30% since 1987.
Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Mary live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷蝦).
The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproce(繁殖). Besides，many alt penguins die of hunger.
Widespread(廣泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.
News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild. Now these South African penguins are reprocing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.
根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。
1. Penguins ___________.
A. can swim better than fly
B. can be found near Oceania (大洋洲)
C. eat fish only
D. live only in cold waters.
2. Which of the following is NOT the cause of penguin's decrease in numbers?
A. Oil searching. B. Widespread fishing.
C. Human's killing. D. Warming of the oceans.
3. Why are the penguins in South Africa reprocing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking?
A. Because people removed the ship.
B. Because people sent a lot of penguins to the wild.
C. Because people helped the penguins.
D. Because people treated the penguins well.
第三篇：
Hundreds of years ago，a Roman army came north from England to make war on Scotland. The Scots，a brave people，loved their country very much. They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland，but there were too many Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win.
One night，the leader of Scots marched his soldiers to the top of a hill. "We will rest here tonight，my men,"he said. "Tomorrow we will fight one more battle. We must win or we will die."
They were all very tired，so they ate their supper quickly and fell asleep. There were four guards on ty，but they，too，were very tired，and one by one，also fell asleep.
The Romans were not asleep. Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill. Slowly they climbed up the hillside，taking care not to make a sound. Closer and closer they came to the sleeping Scots. They were almost at the top. A few minutes more，the war would be over. Suddenly，one of them put his foot on a thistle(薊). He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots. In a moment，they were on their feet and ready for battle. The fighting was hard but it did not last long. The Scots wiped out the Romans and saved their country.
The thistle is not a beautiful plant. It has sharp needles all over it. Few people like it. But the people of Scotland liked it so much that they made it their national flower.
根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。
1. Hundreds of years ago there was a war between ________.
A. Roman army and North England
B. Roman army and the Scots
C. England and Scots
D. a brave people and the Scots
2. At first it looked as if the Romans would win because ________.
A. the Scots were not brave
B. the Roman army was so strong
C. the Scots did not have a good leader
D. the Romans had the support from the Scottish
3. "We must win or we will die."What the leader of the Scots said means ________.
A. they were sure to win
B. they couldn't escape from death
C. they would win and then they would die
D. they must try hard to win， otherwise they would be killed
4. The Romans climbed up the hill quietly because ________.
A. they didn't want to wake the Scots
B. they wanted to reach the top
C. they wanted to catch the four guards first
D. they were afraid of the sharp needles of the thistle
5. The people of Scotland made thistle their national flower because ________.
A. it is a beautiful plant
B. it is fresh and lovely
C. it had so many sharp needles all over it
D. it was the thistle that helped the Scots to win the battle
>>>>>>參考答案<<<<<<
第一篇：答案及解析
1. 選D，根據文中說明Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first.可以判斷出應該選擇D。
2. 選D，Matt and I 還有the other ten members。
3. 選C，A. B. D.均可以從文中找到證據證明其是不正確的。我們知道Cameron had come along with two friends，可以知道C項是正確的。
4. 選A。
5. 選B，總攬全文，可以知道B項為最佳答案。
第二篇：答案及解析
1. 選B，我們知道企鵝不會飛，因此A不正確，除了吃魚，他還吃磷蝦，因此C不正確。只能選B。
2. 選C，本文中並沒有說人類是如何捕殺企鵝，相反，人類對企鵝的態度相當友好。
3. 選C，根據文章可以判斷是由於人類的'幫助。
第三篇：答案及解析
1.選B，文中很明顯的指出，這場戰爭是Roman army和the Scots之間的。
2.選B，They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland，but there were too many Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win. 是因為Romans太強大。因此選B。
3.選D，"We must win or we will die."的意思是"我們必須勝利，否則我們會死掉"，因此選D。
4.選A，the Romans悄悄爬山的原因是不想吵醒the Scots，以便偷襲。
5.選D，根據文中大意，可得出正確答案。
;6. 考研英語閱讀如何辨別正確及錯誤選項
閱讀錯誤選項的十大基本特徵：前六種相對容易判斷，後四種要利用文章的邏輯關系才可判斷出來。 1.無中生有 (出現原文中未提及的概念) 2.正反混淆 (選項的意思跟原文的意思相反) 3.答非所問 (選項符合原文，但是不符合題干) 4.擴大范圍 (注意隱蔽型的擴大范圍mostly/mainly/generally) 5.因果倒置 6.常識判斷 (符合常識的不一定是正確答案，但是不符合常識的一定不是正確答案) 7.過分絕對 (never/must/no等+名詞，若有緩和就不是錯誤的) 8.推理過遠 9.變換詞性 10.偷換概念二、正確選項的五大特徵 1.出現的位置：段首段尾處、轉折關系處、讓步關系處、因果關系處、條件關系處。 2.正確答案通常與文章中心思想，主旨大意，作者對文中論述事物所持的觀點態度有關。注意：這是解題基調，如果作者在文中對整個事物是持積極正面的評價，那麼選項中出現消極反面的，與事實相反的肯定不是解。 3.正確答案涉及的方式：原文信息的同義改寫、歸納總結或原文中心的歸納或原文信息的正話反說或反話正說。 4.正確答案從語義上去理解經常含有不肯定的語氣詞和委婉表達的詞：can, may, might, possible, not necessarily, some尤其是推理題的答案常這樣設置，以顯示推理題所論述含義的相對性。 5.正確答案具有概括性(考察考生的理解歸納能力)，深刻性，因為其考查的對象是閱讀文章的重點和要點。
7. （英語）閱讀短文，選擇正確答案。
B 冷
A 疲勞
A 感冒 （有點繞，仔細看原文，覺得不是B）
A 看醫生
A 喝熱水
8. 初三英語閱讀理解及答案
初三英語閱讀理解及答案
初三完了就是中考了，為了幫助大家，我分享了一些初三英語閱讀理解題及答案，歡迎大家閱讀!
初三英語閱讀理解及答案【1】
As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins(企鵝)may be in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins have decreased(減少) by 30% since 1987.
Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Mary live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷蝦).
The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproce(繁殖). Besides，many alt penguins die of hunger.
Widespread(廣泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.
News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild. Now these South African penguins are reprocing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.
根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。
1. Penguins ___________.
A. can swim better than fly
B. can be found near Oceania (大洋洲)
C. eat fish only
D. live only in cold waters.
2. Which of the following is NOT the cause of penguin's decrease in numbers?
A. Oil searching. B. Widespread fishing.
C. Human's killing. D. Warming of the oceans.
3. Why are the penguins in South Africa reprocing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking?
A. Because people removed the ship.
B. Because people sent a lot of penguins to the wild.
C. Because people helped the penguins.
D. Because people treated the penguins well.
答案及解析：
1. 選B，我們知道企鵝不會飛，因此A不正確，除了吃魚，他還吃磷蝦，因此C不正確。只能選B。
2. 選C，本文中並沒有說人類是如何捕殺企鵝，相反，人類對企鵝的態度相當友好。
3. 選C，根據文章可以判斷是由於人類的`幫助。
初三英語閱讀理解及答案【2】
My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn't wonderful，but we had everything we needed (beds，blankets，food)，and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends，Kevin and Simon，while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn't know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors，but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in，but after a good deal of pushing， we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud，we were pleased and excited by what we'd done.
根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。
1. The writer spent the Saturday morning _____.
A. rock-climbing
B. sleeping
C. meeting friends
D. caving
2. There were _____ members in all in the writer's group.
A. 6 B. 8 C. l0 D. 12
3. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. some of the group had been there before
B. the group had done rock-climbing many times
C. some of the group already knew each other
D. group all came from the same city
4. The write thought her weekend was _____.
A. interesting B. relaxing
C. frightening D. unpleasant
5. This passage mainly talks about ____.
A. the writer's friends at the Activity Centre
B. the writer's experience at the Activity Centre
C. outdoor sports at the Activity Centre
D. how to go rock-climbing and caving
答案及解析：
1. 選D，根據文中說明Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first.可以判斷出應該選擇D。
2. 選D，Matt and I 還有the other ten members。
3. 選C，A. B. D.均可以從文中找到證據證明其是不正確的。我們知道Cameron had come along with two friends，可以知道C項是正確的。
4. 選A。
5. 選B，總攬全文，可以知道B項為最佳答案。
;9. 高考英語閱讀理解正確選項的特徵
高考英語閱讀理解正確選項的特徵
1.關鍵詞直接復現
2.對原文關鍵詞進行同義替換或轉換
正確選項特點與識別方法
1. 直接復現類可從問題中找到關鍵詞，以此為線索，運用略讀及查閱的技巧迅速定位即可。
2. 同義轉換類需對原文信息進行准確理解並簡單推理，觀察詞義、詞性及語態的變化。復習時應掌握英語的多種表達法。
二
高考英語閱讀理解錯誤選項的特徵
錯誤選項就是命題人用以干擾你思維的陷阱。高考英語，由於詞彙量的限制，挑選的文章不能過難。命題人員就在問題和干擾選項上做文章。使你即使基本讀懂文章，也不能輕松做對全部題目。現在的干擾項不僅語言復雜，而且欺騙性強。
兩個語言水平相當，對文章理解差不多的考生會因為對干擾項的辨別能力不同，而答題的正確率不一。為了提高辨別錯誤或干擾信息的能力，有必要分析干擾項的種種特徵，使我們在種種命題人設置的陷阱面前，做到胸有成竹。
01
「以假亂真」的選項
把文章中出現的一些詞放在選項里，達到似曾相識的感覺，迷惑考生。 在各種干擾信息中，偽了。偽造性的信息也就是文章中根本沒有的意思，硬是編造出一個信息，組成一個選項，以假亂真，以迷惑和干擾考生。以假亂真的偽造性信息有兩種表現形式。
這就告訴我們：在辨別選項時，一定要琢磨選項的意思，不要因為時間緊，不讀完選項的句子，或粗粗一讀，只看到幾個表面文字與文章中有關部分相同就下結論。根據這一特點，我們似乎還可以得出這樣一條經驗：選項中出現相關句中的原詞越多，這個選項越可能是命題人的陷阱。
02
「無中生有」的選項
利用考生知道的一些基本常識，設置選項，無中生有。 這就告訴我們：在做題目，看選項時，一定要讀原文，一定要根據文章中說到的，一定要注意問題中的「According to the passage，」「In the author』s view，」的提醒。
千萬不要因時間來不及，而不讀原文，憑主觀想像，千萬不要根據自己或人們對這一方面的一般看法來套。偽造的信息之所以能起干擾的作用，就是因為有些看似不合常理的信息卻是文章中說到的，而有些看似非常合理的信息是命題人員根據常識編造，以誘騙考生的陷阱。
03
「所問非所答」的選項
選項文不對題，選項不能回答問題。命題人把文章中出現過的一些單詞和句子，放在選項中，雖然選項單獨看是正確的，但是卻不能回答問題，這樣的選項有很大的迷惑性。
04
「誇大事實、偷梁換柱」的選項
誇大事實、偷梁換柱是命題人常用的一種干擾手法。命題人在設置干擾項時，把文章中的信息，進行誇大或放大，使作者在不認真仔細進行判斷的時候，容易出現錯誤。
誇大事實、偷梁換柱的干擾項就是利用考生時間緊，大凡粗粗一讀，來不及細看，或來不及把選項讀到底的傾向，在選項的前半句或前大半句中用原文的結構和詞彙，只是在最後換了幾個詞，而使考生出錯。
所以在判斷選項時，一定要非常仔細，尤其是選項的結構和詞彙與原文相關旬的結構和詞彙相似時，要注意選項中出現的定語和狀語是否與文章中的一致，是否被命題人偷偷換掉了定語、狀語。
05
「張冠李戴」的選項
雖然觀點和所說的話在文章中出現過，並且是正確的，但是卻用錯了位置，以達到混淆視聽的目的。 張冠李戴的干擾項主要是將文章作者的觀點與文章中他人的觀點混淆起來。問的是作者的觀點，選項中出現的是他人的觀點；或問的是文章中他人觀點，卻把文章作者觀點放到選項中去。
這就告訴我們，在辨別選項前，首先要仔細閱讀問題，特別要注意「generally／usually／frequently／widely believed(accepted，advised)」或「in the author』s eyes／point of view」這類詞，弄清楚問的是什麼，是作者的觀點，還是文章中其他人的觀點。這樣才不會被張冠李戴的干擾項所迷惑。
06
「以偏概全」的選項
以偏概全也是一種常用的干擾手段。尤其是在猜測文章或段落大意題，猜測文章標題題，以及釋義題中，四個選項總有以偏概全的干擾信息。因此認識它的表現形式很有必要。 以偏概全有兩種基本形式。
1．把文章中的次要觀點，細節混進選項。
2．把超出文章討論范圍的東西也作為歸納或結論混進選項。
這就告訴我們，在做歸納性，概括性題目時，要注意選項的歸納分寸，不要被歸納不夠或歸納過頭的選項所迷惑，要做到這一點，就必須緊緊抓住文章的主要內容和中心思想。
三
識別高考閱讀理解干擾項的七大法寶
01
包含項原則
在答案選項分析中，假如對A)選項的理解概括了對其它三項 (或其中某一項)的理、解，那麼我們就說選項A) 與其他三項是包含或概括關系，包含項A)往往就是正確答案。如在「花」與「玫瑰」兩選項中，正確答案肯定是「花」，花包含了玫瑰, 因為玫瑰肯定是花，但花並不一定是玫瑰。
Living in a residence hall （學生宿舍）carries certain obligation.（義務） You have to be considerate of others, especially ring study hours. Telephone calls and visits by friends should be short. You have to cooperate in keeping the room as sanitary（衛生） as possible. It is sometimes hard to be tolerant（容忍的） of another person』s habits that may differ from your own.
24. What must you learn to be tolerant of if you live in a dormitory?
A) Your roommate』s telephone calls
B) Habits that may differ from your own
C) Visits by your roommate』s friends
D) Roommates who are unsanitary
【原文題意】 :住學生宿舍要受一些約束。你必須要考慮他人習慣，特別是在學習的時間。打電話及接待朋友來訪的時間盡量要短。你還得齊心協力與室友盡可能保持好寢室衛生。有時候你是很難容忍別人不同的生活習慣。）
『個案解析』 ：從四個選項分析中我們可以看出，選項B)「與你不同的生活習慣」其實就包含並概括了其他三選項，即A)室友的電話、C)室友的朋友來訪、D)室友不愛衛生，這些都是你不能接受的生活習慣。如果我們可以選A)、C)、D)任一選項，那麼B)也可以選，但正確答案只有一個，所以我們只能選B)。
再如:
Q: The three examples are cited to show that .
A. Quitsmoking is necessary
B.Healthy habits benefit our health
C. Fruitsand vegetables are better than milk
D. Weshould drink more water everyday.
『個案解析』 ：
答案為B。顯而易見，B為包含項，概括了A、C、D三項，即 「quit smoking, have more fruits and vegetables and drink more water」都是「Healthy habits」。
Q: In the building of the rail lines, .
A.more equipment made in China should be used
B.more imported equipment should be used
C.more exported equipment should be used
D.more equipment used in infrastructure（基礎）projects should be used
『個案解析』 ：
正確答案為A。選項A命題（應該使用更多的國產設備）包含了選項C命題（應該使用更多的出口設備），因為出口設備本身就意味著它是國產設備。
包含項原則預示： 選項中內容全面、概況性強的，往往是正確答案。
02
正反項原則
所謂正反項，是指兩選項陳述的命題完全相矛盾。根據形式邏輯排中律知識：兩個相互矛盾的判斷不能都是假的，其中必有一真。所以在閱讀理解中，假如四選項中A)、B)互為正反項，那我們通常先排除C)、D)項，正確答案一般在A)、B)項當中取其一。
They feel they are poor listeners when they think about something else while the other is talking or when they are tired, or not interested in what she or he is talking about. Most people listen only with their ears.
According to the passage, listening only with ears may happen to us when
A)we are emotionally tired
B) we are physically disabled
C) we are so interested in the topic
D) we are asked many questions
【原文題意】 :當他們心不在焉, 感到厭倦, 或對他/她談論的話題不感興趣的時候，他們就會覺得自己不是一個好的聽眾了。他們大多數人僅僅是用耳朵而非用心去聽。
『個案解析』 ：四個選項中，A）與C）陳述互相矛盾, 互為正反項。我們什麼時候不會用心去聽? A）我們情緒厭倦的時候，C）我們對話題很感興趣的時候。顯然這兩個選項是矛盾正反判斷，只有一個而且必有一個是真，所以我們可以先排除B）、D）選項，然後再結合我們下文將要提及的 常識項原則 ，可以把答案確定為A）。
再看一例：
The main problem is that our neighbor worlds appear to be unsuitable for advanced life forms. The moon may be the case first, it has hardly any atmosphere. Venus is little better, but the surface』s temperature is very high. Mars with thin atmosphere and little water cannot support the living necessity of the animals.
Q: There is unlikely any life on Venus because .
A．it has very thin atmosphere
B．the surface temperature is too hot
C．the weather is too cold
D．it is extremely short of water
『個案解析』 ：B項（表面溫度太熱）與C項（氣候太寒冷）語義相反互為正反項。根據正反項原則，可以排除A、D項，然後在B、C項中選其一，這樣，考生至少可以在不看原文的前提下把答案的命中率從25%提高到50％。其實，此題為細節題，根據原文第三句，我們可以把答案確定為B。
正反項原則預示: 陳述內容或基調完全相反的兩選項往往有一個是正確答案。
03
委婉項原則
所謂委婉，這里是指說話不能說死，要留有餘地。 閱讀理解選項中語氣平和、委婉的往往是正確答案。 這些選項一般含有不十分肯定或試探性語氣的表達，如：probably, possibly, may, usually, might, most of, more or less,relatively, be likely to, not necessary, although, yet, in addition，tend to，beliable to等等，而含有絕對語氣的表達往往不是正確答案，如：must, always, never, the most, all, every, any, merely, only, completely,none, hardly，already等等。
Q: According tothe first two paragraphs, .
A). the use of water is a completely new concept
B) the sea has already long been used as a way of power
C) water is a source of energy far more economical than any other energies
D) water, if properly handled,may present a promising solution to energy crisis.
『個案解析』 ：很明顯，根據委婉原則，正確答案應該為D, 其他三項都含有過於肯定語氣的詞，如：completely, has already, far more than any other。而選項D比較委婉，if分詞短語使說話留有餘地，情態動詞may使語氣相對平緩. 再如：
56. The opinion of the writer is that .
A. there may be other intelligent beings in the universe
B. there are other intelligent beings in the universe
C. people living on the earth are almost certainly the only intelligent beings in the universe
D. people living on the earth are definitely the only intelligent beings in the universe
『個案解析』：
答案為A。根據委婉項原則，我們先可以把含有絕對語氣詞 almost，certainly，definitely，the only 的C、D項先排除，對比A、B項，我們會發現A項與B項所表達意思相近，但A項含有推測情態詞may，使得它所表述的語氣比B項更委婉，所以答案應該為A項。
24. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Working hard is a basic requirement of all employees.
B. Good writing skills alone help you succeed in any field
C. The only qualification forgetting hired by a company is good communication skills
D. While the importance of one』s ability to communicate increases, his professional background may become increasingly less important.
『個案解析』：
答案：D。選項A（工作努力是對 所有 員工最起碼的要求）；選項B（ 單憑 好的寫作技能可使你在任何領域取得成功）、C（被聘任上的 唯一 條件就是要有良好的表達技能）都過於絕對化；選項D（當交流表達能力重要性上升時，專業技術背景的重要性就可能會相應降低）中「may」表推測的情態動詞使語氣較為平緩，所以有可能是正確答案。
04
同形項原則
幾個選項如存在形式與結構上的相似，那它們就互為同形項。同形項組可喻為高爾夫球場上的「果嶺」，而正確答案就是果嶺上的「球洞」。命題者往往先將正確答案設置在一個大命題范圍，然後通過語言形式的細微變化來考察考生的理解能力與分析能力。同形項原則告訴我們：詞彙與句法結構 相似的 選項一般存在有正確答案。
The development of rapid transit rail lines in cities should parallel local economic development and blind construction of such lines should be avoided…It stressed that the amount of domestically made equipment used in such infrastructure projects needs to be increased.
16. The rapid-transit rail lines should .
A. develop as quickly as possible
B.develop with local economic development
C.develop after local economic development
D. develop with the construction instry
『個案解析』 ：答案為B。經語言形式與結構分析，我們不難發現B、C選項形式與結構相似（僅with與after一詞之差）為同形項，所以可先試著排除A、D。再結合常識（常識項原則/下文）：高速路軌的建設應該與地方經濟互相促進、同步發展，可最終確定答案為B。
檢驗：根據原文中的「parallel」（與…平行）可以確定上述分析結果正確。
05
常識項原則
在議論文當中，那些符合一般常識，意義深刻富有哲理，符合一般規律，屬於普遍現象的選項往往是正確答案。
Trees are useful to man in three import ways: they provide him with wood and other procts; they give him shade; and they help to prevent droughts and floods. Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important.
Q: What is the most important service of trees to man according to the passage?
A. They help him make money
B. They give him wood and other procts
C. They help him prevent droughts and floods
D. They give him shade
『個案解析』 ：答案為C，這是常識項。植樹造林是我國的一大國策，目的在於防止洪澇、風沙、旱災，這是我國公民的普遍常識，所以C為正確答案：樹木可以幫助人類阻擋洪澇與旱災。相對於其它三項，C項意義更加深遠。其實，根據「Unfortunately(語義轉折標志)，in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important，」我們也可以得出C項為正確答案。
再如：
If Mrs. Abby dies after he has paid premiums for one or two years only, the insurance company will lose heavily. But if she lives to the age of seventy or beyond, the insurance company will make a profit.
Q: According to the passage, the insurance company will make great profits.
A. If the premium（保險費）is increased so the company can earn more money each year.
B. If nobody above seventy buys insurance against death.
C.If most insurance buyers live longer than the average length of life.
D.If most insurance buyers live shorter than the average length of life.
『個案解析』 ：答案為C，這也是常識項。眾所周知，保險公司之所以能盈利，那是因為被保險的對象平安無事，所以，人活得越長，他交的保險額就越多，保險公司利潤就越高，所以C為正確答案：如果投保人比普通人活得更長。
注意： 人的平均年齡往往是保險公司設置保率的基準。另外，此題根據「But （語義轉折標志）if she lives to the age of seventy or beyond, the insurance company will make a profit.」也可以推斷出答案為C。
06
集合項原則
四個選項中，如果有一項是其它兩項或三項的集合，那麼此集合項往往就是正確答案。
其表現形式為：A and B; A, B and C; Both A and B; all of the above items。
The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe
and Australia combined, surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world- the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.
Q: Antarctic is bordered (與…接壤) by the .
A ) Atlantic ocean.
B) Pacific Ocean
C) Indian Ocean.
D) All of the above
『個案解析』 ：D項為集合項，覆蓋了A/B/C三項內容，是正確答案。根據最後一句「南極被大西洋、太平洋和印度洋活水域所環繞，」答案就應該是D項。再如：
In his eagerness to make money from trees, he has cut them down in large numbers, only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had. And besides, he is usually too careless to plant and look after new trees. So the forests slowly disappear .
47. Why do forests in many parts of the world slowly disappear?
A. New trees are not looked after properly B. Many trees have been cut down by man
C.Man has not paid enough attention to plantingtrees .
D. All of the above
『個案解析』 ：答案為D，因為它是集合項，它集合了A、B、C三選項內容。此題屬細節事實題型，根據題干與選項的關鍵詞我們可以直接在原文中定位到正確答案就是D。
07
因果項原則
閱讀理解邏輯推理基本都是通過因果鏈進行的，前因後果，一步步循序漸進。然而，在推理題型的選項中，有的選項會推理不到位（止於前因），或者推理過頭（止於後果），這就是所謂的干擾項。因果項原則規定：假如四個選項中有兩項互為同一事物推理過程中的因果關系，那麼正確答案就是這兩個因果項中的其中之一。如果因項可以產生幾個結果，那麼答案就是因項；如果果項可以對應幾個原因，那麼答案就是果項。
No one should be forced to wear auniform. Uniforms are totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniform tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an indivial, that is,the indivial in a uniform loses self-worth. There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a sense of identification with a more importantconcept. But in fact, the indivial himself is the most important, if an organization is so weak that it must rely on the uniform to inspire it members,that organization has not right to continue its existence. On the other hand,uniforms also hurt the economy.
Q: The author』s main purpose in writing this paragraph is to .
A. show that uniform are possible in a democratic society
B.advocate stronger governmental controls on the wearing of uniforms
C. convince the reader that uniforms have more disadvantages than advantages
D.advocate doing away with uniforms
『個案解析』 ：答案為C，綜合分析四個選項，我們會發現C與B、D項互為因果項，也就是說，因為C：制服的弊大於利，所以B：呼籲政府採取措施控制穿制服，或D呼籲廢除制服。根據因果項原則，一個原因對應了兩個結果，答案應該選原因項C。本題是主旨題，根據原文，本段主要是列出制服的弊端，說明制服弊大於利。B、D項為干擾項，屬於推理過頭。