關於西紅柿節的英語閱讀理解
A. 閱讀——Interesting Festivals in the world（世界上有趣的節日）
前兩天分享了一篇關於西班牙的西紅柿節。學生們非常開心，跟我說想了解其他有趣的節日。寵學生的我當然不會拒絕，難得孩子們愛上閱讀英語短文。
這一篇介紹了國外一些比較有趣的節日。雖然不是很詳細，但作為一篇在課堂上拓展的讀物，這個篇幅很適合了。
以下是這篇文章的翻譯：
西紅柿節——西班牙
西班牙將「番茄大戰」推向了一個全新的高度。但是在節日上西紅柿是拿來扔的，而不是吃的。這個節日在八月的最後一個星期三舉行。卡車把西紅柿運到廣場上。人們飛奔而來把西紅柿扔向人群。
滾乳酪節——英格蘭
這個節日在五月的最後一個星期一。它在庫珀山舉行。一輪巨大乳酪從庫珀山上滾下來。這實際上是一場比賽，在乳酪滾下山後，人們跑下山跟著乳酪追。第一個在山腳下越過終點線的人會 贏得乳酪。
美國的火人節
火人節持續一周的時間。從勞動節的前一個星期一到勞動節（美國的勞動節是每年九月的第一個星期一）。這個節日在黑岩沙漠舉行。這個節日最精彩的部分是焚燒一個巨大的男子雕塑。
泰國潑水節
潑水節是泰國慶祝新年的節日。
泰國慶祝新年的時間不是一天，而是從4月13日到4月15日。在潑水節，泰國人互相追逐，潑水。潑水節是外國人來到這片美麗土地的最重要原因之一。
西紅柿節在前面的課程裡面有給同學們詳細地介紹過。因此他們這節課真正感興趣的是滾乳酪節、火人節和潑水節。
孩子們對這些節日也有著自己的看法，並沒有因為覺得國外的節日聽起來新奇，就盲目崇拜，學生們有的說，不理解為什麼國外有的節日那麼奇奇怪怪，但卻看不到實際意義，有的節日想傳遞怎麼樣的價值觀呢？咱國內的節日都有傳統可追尋，有文化可學習，有愛可推崇，這才是真正學習的呀。
我很欣慰，孩子們一方面通過閱讀滿足了好奇心，看到了外面的世界，另一方面也懂得思考，懂得珍惜，懂得鑒賞。
「所以你們要好好學習英語呀，很多人說學習英語有什麼用，但現在你們知道了吧。把咱優秀的文化和有趣的節日介紹給世界。」課外閱讀的時間不長，我最後給學生總結了這么一段話。
B. 英語閱讀短文
谷歌翻譯：
有世界各地的許多驚人的節日。 「西紅柿大戰」每年的最後一個星期三在八月發生在布尼奧爾，在西班牙的一個小鎮。的數萬人來到這里，扔西紅柿對方。這種番茄的戰斗使得在街上番茄汁沒膝深的河流，這個節日是現在很流行。今年的約38,000人來到布尼奧爾-8，比去年同期增長8000多。大約上午11點的西紅柿打架發生下午1時，在那一天。當戰斗開始時，每個人，一切都在番茄汁在短短的一兩分鍾。許多婦女和兒童也加入戰斗，有的甚至戴眼鏡，以保持西紅柿飛入自己的眼睛。當戰斗結束後，人們碰到他們的浴室洗去番茄汁。
這個節日被認為是世界上「最大的番茄的戰斗之一。節日期間發生的其他的事情都是音樂，遊行，舞蹈，焰火。
答案：
B
C
A
B
D
題是自己做的，不一定對
C. 萬聖節的英語介紹
關於萬聖節的英語介紹
萬聖節就要到了，大家都很開心吧，下面我給大家提供萬聖節的英語介紹，歡迎大家閱讀欣賞!
【萬聖節的英文介紹】
Halloween is one of the oldest holidays with origins going back thousands of years. The holiday has had many influences from many cultures over the centuries. From the Roman's Pomona Day, to the Celtic festival of Samhain, to the Christian holidays of All Saints and All Souls Days.
Hundreds of years ago in what is now Great Britain and Northern France, lived the Celts (凱爾特人), who worshipped (崇拜) nature and had many gods, with the sun god as their favorite. They celebrated their New Year on November 1st which was made every year with a festival and marked the end of the "season of the sun" and the beginning of "the season of darkness and cold."
On October 31st after the crops were all harvested and stored for the long winter the cooking fires in the homes would be extinguished (消失). The Druids, the Celtic priests, would meet in the hilltop in the dark oak forest (oak trees were considered sacred). They would light new fires and offer sacrifices of crops and animals. As they danced around the fires, the season of the sun passed and the season of darkness would begin.
When the morning arrived the Druids would give an ember from their fires to each family who would then take them home to start new cooking fires. These fires would keep the homes warm and free from evil spirits.
The November 1st festival was called Samhain (pronounced "sow-en"). The festival would last for 3 days. Many people would parade in costumes made from the skins and heads of their animals. This festival would become the first Halloween.
The Celtics would carry a lantern (燈籠) when they walked on the eve of October 31. These lanterns were carved out of big turnips (大頭菜) and the lights were believed to keep the evil spirits away. Children would carve faces in the turnips. These carved turnips were called "jack-o-lanterns.
It is said that the "jack-o-lantern" got its name from a stingy (吝嗇的) and mean old man, named Jack, who when he died was too mean to get into heaven. When Jack went to hell he was meet by the Devil who gave him a piece of burning coal and sent him away. Jack placed the burning coal in a turnip to use as a lantern to light his way. The legends claim that Jack is still walking with the lantern looking for a place to stay.
When the early settlers came to America they found the big round orange pumpkin. Being larger and much more colorful than turnips, the pumpkin made great "jack-o-lanterns". Eventually the pumpkin would replace the turnip. Eventually the Pumpkin would become the most widely recognized symbol(象徵)of the Halloween holiday.
The history of "Trick'O'Treating" can be traced back (追溯) to the early celebrations of All Soul's Day in Britain. The poor would go begging and the housewives would give them special treats called "soulcakes". This was called "going a-souling", and the "soulers" would promise to say a prayer for the dead.
Over time the custom changed and the town's children became the beggars. As they went from house to house they would be given apples, buns (圓形的小甜麵包), and money. During the Pioneer days of the American West, the housewives would give the children candy to keep from being tricked. The children would shout "Trick or Treat!".
【萬聖節的黑貓】
Halloween is a bad time of year for black cats, with their long-standing connections with witches, hubble-bubble and evil。
對於黑貓來說，萬聖節是一年中最“悲慘”的日子。一直以來，人們都將它們與巫婆、喧鬧以及邪惡聯系在一起。
Reports of deliberate cruelty to black cats rise especially in the weeks around Halloween in Britain, the RSPCA animal charity said on Wednesday。
英國皇家防止虐待動物協會(RSPCA)於本周三稱，在臨近萬聖節的`前幾周，英國故意虐待黑貓的案例數出現上升。
But it seems that not only do people treat black cats badly in October -- they shun them for the rest of the year too。
但似乎人們不僅在十月份虐待黑貓，其它時候也是避之不及。
Black cats at animal shelters take longer than others to find homes, probably because of all the superstitions surrounding them, the charity said。
該慈善機構稱，動物收容所里的黑貓等待領養的時間比其它貓都要長，這或許是因為那些與之相關的迷信說法。
"Unfortunately, black cats often do spend longer in our rehoming centres than others as they are frequently overlooked by potential owners," said shelter manager Beverly Leavy。
收容所經理貝弗莉?利維說：“不幸的是，黑貓往往在我們的收養中心待得時間更久，它們常被潛在的收養者們忽視。”
"But their fur color makes no difference to how much love they have to give," she added. "The cats are ready to make wonderful pets."
她說：“但它們皮毛的顏色和它們給予人們的愛的多少沒有關系。它們可以成為很好的寵物。”
The image problem varies from country to country and often involves black cats crossing people's paths。
各國有關黑貓的迷信說法各不相同，但一般都有忌諱看見黑貓從自己面前走過這一說。
Historians differ about the origins of the superstitions。
歷史學家對這些迷信說法的起源看法各異。
Some point to the ancient Celts, some to folklore tales that liken cats to snakes and cast them as the constant companions of witches, others to a Medieval belief that they caused the black plague in Europe。
有些人認為這源於古凱爾特人，有些人則認為這與把黑貓比作蛇，總將黑貓與巫婆扯在一起的民間傳說有關，還有一些人認為這源於中世紀時期的一種有關黑貓在歐洲引發鼠疫的說法。
The view that they bring bad luck has also woven its way into art and popular culture。
黑貓會帶來厄運的說法在藝術和流行文化中也有所體現。
American writer of macabre tales, Edgar Alan Poe, published a short story "The Black Cat" in 1843 and in the late 19th century a shady cabaret called Le Chat Noir welcomed guests in the Bohemian Montmartre district of Paris。
美國驚悚小說家埃德加?愛倫?坡曾於1843年發表了一本名為《黑貓》的短篇小說。19世紀晚期，一家名為Le Chat Noir(法語，黑貓)的隱秘歌舞表演場所在法國巴黎具有波希米亞風格的蒙馬特區開業。
The RSPCA is appealing for potential owners to come forward for the black cats in its shelters.
英國皇家防止虐待動物協會正呼籲潛在的收養者們主動領養收容所的黑貓。
;D. 番茄節（翻譯）急！20+50分，在線等！
According to the fable, one day, in this city a small orchestra blows the loudspeaker from the town center to blatantly seek publicity, the leader was curls upwards the space the loudspeaker. By now, group young people arose suddenly the fantasy, works on the tomato to throw to that megaphone, and competes with mutually, who has a look at to be able to throw the tomato. This is 「the tomato war」 origin. It is the Spanish annual popular tradition holiday, it started most early in 1945, the entire holiday usually continued for one week. The tomato festival is one super divulges the game. the holiday same day, tens of thousands of local resident and the outside areas tourist know thoroughly juiciness the tomato to throw to other people, after the game rule are furiously the tomato must pinch rottenly, can get rid, in order to avoid injures other people. Certainly, does this may also cause the tomato to stick. Very quick, the tomato juice formed one on the small town street to overflow knee's rivers, but people's body and laughed heartily also submerges in the tomato red sea. Every year's activity is from shortly before noon start, 「fierce combat」 1 hour later, Cheng Dun the tomato are thrown by the people one spatially, the local resident in abundance opens in the garden the fire hose tube, moistens the full tomato juice the street and the whole body the people to flush cleanly.
E. 英語閱讀理解的題型
英語閱讀理解的題型
作為高考英語試卷中題量最大、分值最多、難度最高的題型，高考英語閱讀理解題在整個高中英語中至關重要。下面我整理了高考英語閱讀理解的常見題型以及解題方法，大家一起來看一下吧!
【高考英語閱讀理解常見題型及解題方法】
一、主旨大意題
主旨大意題主要考查學生對所讀材料(或所讀材料片斷)中心思想的概括。做這類題時，考生應通讀全文，把握文章大意或中心思想，同時注意文章的主題句，因為主題句表達中心思想，其他句子均圍繞主題句進行展開。主題句通常位於文章第一段首句、第一段末句或全文末句等地方，但位於段落中間(通常是第一段或最後一段的中間)也是完全可能的。主旨大意題的考查形式很多，如概括標題、主題、段意、中心思想等。請看浙江卷中的一個段落：
In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget. But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible.
◎What is the subject discussed in the text?
A. The writer’s unhappy school life
B. The writer’s eagerness to earn money
C. The writer’s experience as a full-time worker
D. The writer’s hard work in an apple plant
原文共有五個自然段，上面摘錄的只是文章的第1個自然段，但是如果考生訓練有素的話，只要讀完這個段落就可猜出此題的答案了。因為文章第一句說In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget，接著作者用but引出一個新的情況(即主題句)：none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. 再接下來又說：The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible. 聰明的讀者至此應該可以猜測到，下面的幾個段落肯定是介紹這個apple plant 的work是如何的hard，它的pay是如何的poor，它的working conditions 是如何的terrible 等。比較四個選項，只有選項D所表述內容合乎上面的分析，故選D。
二、事實細節題
顧名思義，事實細節題即指針對文章的某個事實或細節而設置的試題。事實細節題的命題方法很多，如可能是對某個細節用同義結構轉換後進行考查、也可能是將文章中的幾個細節(通常是四個)放在一起要求考生判斷是非(選出正確的一項或選出錯誤的一項)或對幾個細節進行排序等。解答這類試題時，一個常用的方法就是運用定位法，即根據題干或選項中的線索詞從原文中找到相關的句子，與選項進行比較從而確定答案(此時要特別注意一些常見的同義轉換或簡單換算)。請看安徽卷中的一道事實細節題：
Tuition Fees(學費)
Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: [email protected]
Accommodation(住宿)
You can have a room in a 4-bedrcom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: [email protected]
◎You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.
A. $5,250 B. $8,000 C. $9,000 D. $11,000
根據Tuition fees一節的內容可知，一年的學費最低為5,000美元，再根據Accommodation(住宿)一節可知，除學費外，還有住宿費(每月100美元)和生活費(每月150美元)，即一年大約共3,000美元，所以在WaiKato大學讀書一年至少要花費5,000+3,000=8,000美元，故答案為B。
三、代詞指代題
這類題要求考生根據一定的上下文推測代詞的指代意義，它主要考查考生在一定語境中對上下文邏輯關系的正確理解。做這類題時，考生不僅要讀懂相關句子的句意，理順相關句子的邏輯關系，而且還要學會合理變通，尤其要學會變通理解其中的`同義表達。請看天津卷中的一個片斷和一個道詞義猜測題：
Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this. Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable(可以預見的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves(涉及) a “sudden insight” which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution.
◎What does the underlined word “this” refer to?
A. Great contributions to the society.
B. Long-time study of the subject matter.
C. Various statements about problem solving.
D. Complete devotion to artistic creation.
此題答案選B。答案的直接依據是文章中的Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this 這兩句話。從句意和句子結構上看，this在此指代的應是they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time，比較四個選項，只有B與之吻合，因為選項中的long-time與原文中的over fairly long periods of time屬同義表達，選項中的study of the subject matter 與原文中的devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem屬同義表達。
四、詞義猜測題
即要求考生根據一定的上下文猜測生詞的詞義。它是高考英語閱讀理解中的一個難點，同學們應引起充分重視。猜測生詞詞義的方法很多，常用的有同義解釋法、因果推斷法、前後對比法、基本構詞法、語境理解法、舉例說明法、常識背景法、類屬分析法等。請看安徽卷中一道詞義猜測題：
More American people take their troubles with them on holiday, according to a new survey. Although 40 percent said that the main reason for going away is to escape pressure(壓力) from work, almost all said they worry more than they do at home. Only four in every 100 said that they are happy and free of care.
◎The underlined word “survey” in the first paragraph most probably means ______.
A. research B. review C. exhibition D. examination
此題答案選A。比較四個選項，同時結合常識，文中所提到的事實和數據應該是“調查和研究”得出的(其他幾個選項可排除)。
五、推理判斷題
即要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎上，作出一定的判斷和推理，從而得出文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題屬於主觀性較強的高層次閱讀理解題，做這類題目時，同學們應嚴格依據作者所陳述的細節、事實以及作者的措詞、態度和語氣等，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞語，然後利用自己已獲得的相關知識進行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結論。此時應特別注意：當問及作者的看法、意圖與態度時，不要誤認為是在問“你”(考生)的想法，而是作者本人在字里行間所表述的觀點。請看全國卷中的一個段落：
Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold: First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(縮回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.
◎By saying “the prize so dearly won” in paragraph 5, the writer wants to ______.
A. show the difficulty in picking the tomatoes
B. show the hardship of growing the roses
C. express her liking for the roses
D. express her care for the tomatoes
本文大意講的是作者在春天偶然栽種的一棵西紅柿長成後非常大，影響到園中的玫瑰花，作者在享受西紅柿美味的同時，又難以割捨珍貴的玫瑰花，面對兩種選擇，作者舉棋不定。
此題要求考生推測作者說the prize so dearly won的意圖，屬推理判斷題。此題答案選A，其推理依據主要有以下幾點：一是作者在第1句用了 the task一詞，將摘西紅柿看成是一項“任務”;二是作者在三個地方用了have to，表示摘西紅柿不容易;三是作者還用了stand on my head, reach down and under…等誇張性用詞，充分說明了摘西紅柿的難度。比較四個選項，顯然只有選項A最佳。
;F. 跪求一篇以西班牙的西紅柿節為題的英語短文
西班牙每年有數不勝數的節日，在這個人民天性熱情的國度里，節日是生命中不可或缺的元素。天性熱情開朗的西班牙人，每逢節日都是傾力加盟，火一般盡情的狂歡場面，能調動任何人的感官享受。西紅柿節，就是這樣一場超級宣洩游戲。
它是西班牙一年一度的民間傳統節日，被喜歡它的人們形象地稱之為「番茄大戰」。節日當天，成千上萬的當地居民和外地遊客脫掉上衣，奮力把透熟多汁的西紅柿擲向其他人，游戲規則是西紅柿必須捏爛後才能出手，以免打傷他人。當然，這樣做也可以使西紅柿更粘乎。很快，西紅柿汁就在小鎮的街道上形成了一條條沒過膝蓋的河流，而人們的身體和歡笑也都淹沒在西紅柿紅色的海洋之中。
Spain has numerous annual festivals, the people in this country where the nature of a warm, holiday are an indispensable element of life. Nature of the Spaniards a warm, cheerful, holiday every effort is joining the fire all the rave scene in general, anyone who can mobilize the sensual. Tomato Festival, is such a super-vent Games.
It is the folk tradition of Spain's annual holiday, enjoy it people were vividly described as "tomato battle." Holiday that day, tens of thousands of local residents and tourists took off their T-shirt, struggling to diathermancy juicy tomatoes seen hurling others, the rules of the game are rotten tomatoes must pinch before hand to avoid injuring others. Of course, this would also help to make tomatoes even more sticky. Soon, tomato juice on the streets of town to form a section of the river did not have knees, and people's physical and laughter are also submerged in the ocean of red tomatoes.