英語四級考試接力出版社語法
【篇一】2020年12月大學英語四級重點語法知識
英語四級重點語法知識:條件狀語從句
連接詞主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.
if 引導的條件句有真實條件句和非真實條件句兩種。做物非真實條件句已在虛擬語氣中闡述。
unless = if not.
Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.
典型例題
You will be late ___ you leave immediately.
A. unless B. until C. ifD. or
答案A。 句意:除非你立即走,否則你就回遲到的。可轉化為 If you dong leave immediately, you will be late.B、差胡虛D句意不對,or表轉折,句子如為 You leave immediately or you will be late.
【篇二】2020年12月大學英語四級重點語法知識
英語四級重點語法知識:讓步狀語從句
though, although
注意: 當有though, although時,後面的從句不能有but,但是 though 和yet可連用
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.
雖然在下雨,但他們仍在地里幹活。
He is very old, but he still works very hard.
雖然他很老,但仍然努力地工作。
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.
傷口雖癒合,但傷疤留下了。 (諺語)
典型例題
1) ___she is young, she knows quite a lot.
A. WhenB. However C. Although D. Unless
答案:C。意為雖然她很年輕,卻知道許多。
2)as, though 引導的倒裝句
as / though引導的讓步從句必須表語或狀語提前(形容詞、副詞、分詞、虛燃實義動詞提前)。
Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.
注意: a.句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。
b.句首是實義動詞,其他助動詞放在主語後。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語,隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
= Though he tries hard, he never seems…
雖然他盡了努力,但他的工作總做的不盡人意。
3)ever if, even though.即使
We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.
4) whether…or- 不管……都
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
5)"no matter +疑問詞" 或"疑問詞+後綴ever"
No matter what happened, he would not mind.
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
替換:no matter what = whatever
no matter who = whoever
no matter when = whenever
no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever
no matter how = however
注意:no matter 不能引導主語從句和賓語從句。
(錯)No matter what you say is of no use now.
(對)Whatever you say is of no use now.
你現在說什麼也沒用了。(Whatever you say是主語從句)
(錯)Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given,
(對)Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given.囚犯們只能給什麼吃什麼。
【篇三】2020年12月大學英語四級重點語法知識
英語四級重點語法知識:原因狀語從句
比較:because, since, as和for
1)because語勢,用來說明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的問題。當原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知,就用as或 since。
I didn't go, because I was afraid.
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
2)由because引導的從句如果放在句末,且前面有逗 號,則可以用for來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因,而是多種情況加以推斷,就只能用for。
He is absent today, because / for he is ill.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
B. 2021年上半年英語四級語法用法詳解
【 #四六級考試# 導語】夢想在前方,努力在路上。對於考生來說,拿到證書就是我們嚮往的遠方。以下是「2021年上半年英語四級語法用法詳解」,歡迎閱讀參考!更多相關訊息請關注 !【篇一】2021年上半年英語四級語法用法返緩塵詳解
1. come 和 go 是一對反義詞,come(來)所表示的方向是朝向說話者的位置,而go(去)所表示的方向是離開說話者的位置。如:come here(來這兒),come to school(來上學),go there(去那兒),go to school(去上學)。
2. 兩者之後均可用 and 來代替一個表目的的不定式。如:
Come and have a drink. 來喝一杯。
He went and bought some envelopes. 他去買了些信封。
3. come 之後可接不定式,表示經過某一過程而發生某一情況,常譯為「開始」「漸漸地」「終於」,但是動詞go不能這樣用。如:
How did you come to know her? 你是怎麼認識她的?
You'll come to understand your parents someday. 你總有一天會理解你的父母。
4. come 和 go 之後均可接現在分詞,但有區別:
(1) come+現在分詞,主要用來說明「來」的方式。如:
He came running to welcome us. 他跑過來歡迎我們。
The children came running to meet us. 孩子們跑著來迎接我們。
A large stone came flying through the window. 從窗外扔進來一塊大石頭。
另外,該結構還可用來談論體育和娛樂活動,與go doing sth用法相似,只是「方向」不同。如:
Would you like to come sailing? 你願意來坐船游覽嗎?
Come swimming with us tomorrow. 明天跟我們一起游泳吧。
Why don't you come ice-skating with us tonight? 今晚來和我們一起溜冰好嗎?
(2) go+現在分詞,漏禪表示「去做……」,這類片語大多與體育、娛樂、日常生活等有關。如:
We often go swimming together. 我們常一道去游泳。
Let's go boating this afternoon. 今天下午我們去劃船吧。
He finished lunch and went shopping. 他吃完午飯而後去買東西。
另外,該結構有時還可表示警告,用於建議做某事不好的事,此時多用於否定句。如:
Don't go saying that! 不要這樣講話!
Don't go looking for trouble, Maria. 不要去找哪拿麻煩了,瑪麗亞。
You shouldn't go boasting about your achievements. 你不應當誇耀你的成就。
5. come 和 go 都可用作連系動詞,表示事物狀態的變化。如:
The handle has come loose. 這個把柄鬆了。
The children must not go hungry. 孩子們不應挨餓。
兩者之後所接形容詞通常各有其特點,有時還可從好壞方面去區別:即 come 用於「好」的變化,go 用於「壞」的變化。如:
Her dream has come true. 她的夢想實現了。
Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. 大熱天魚很容易壞。
另外,表示人的生理變化通常用 go,如go blind(變瞎),go deaf(變聾),go grey(兩鬢漸白)等,但是go通常不與 old, ill, tired 等連用。
6. come 有時可以表示參加到對方的活動之中去(即使這種運動方向本身要求用 go)。如:
A:Will you come to see me tonight? 今晚來看我好嗎?
B:Yes, I'll come. 好,我來。
A:Please come at once. Dinner is ready. 晚餐准備好了,請快來。
B:OK, I'm coming. 好,我就來。(若用 Oh, I'm going. 對方可能會理解為「噢,我要出去」。)
一般說來,在這種情況有以下3點需注意:
(1) 表示到聽話人(包括收信人)那兒去,通常用 come。如:
I'll come to see you one of these days. 過幾天我來看你。
(2) 邀請對方一起去某地,可用 come 或 go。一般說來,用 come含有一種自己決定要去的意味,而用 go 則含有一種請求和商量的意味。如:
Would you like to come [go] with us? 你和我們一起去好嗎?
(3) 表示「我同你一起去」這樣的意義時,可用 come 或 go。如:
I will come [go] with you. 我和你一起去。
【篇二】2021年上半年英語四級語法用法詳解
1. Raise和rise都有「上升」的意思,記住下面2句話:
Raise是及物動詞,後面必須有賓語,就是「某人把某物舉起來」。
Rise是不及物動詞,後面不能加賓語,也就是說「某人、某物自己升起來」。
比如:
He raised his right hand. 他舉起了右手。(是他把手舉起來的,所以用raise)
I raised the box above my head. 我把盒子舉過了頭頂。(盒子是我舉起的,所以用raise)
The waves rose and fell. 波浪起起伏伏。(波浪是自己動的,所以用rise)
Smoke rose into the sky. 空中升起了煙。(煙也是自己飄的,所以用rise)
2. Raise和rise都有「增長」的意思,同樣地:
Raise是及物動詞,後面必須有賓語。
Rise是不及物動詞,後面不能加賓語。
比如:
We will have to raise our fees. 我們需要提高費用。(raise後面一定要有賓語)
Prices are rising rapidly. 價格快速上漲。(rise後面一定不能有賓語)
3. 在英式英語里,raise只能作動詞、不能做名詞,rise既可以作動詞、也可以作名詞
比如:He asked for a pay rise.
在美語里,raise則可以作名詞,表示「加薪」。
比如:She offered me a raise.
明白了嗎?填空——>
We ___ our heads to watch the sun ___ over the bridge.
你覺得是A. raise / rise 還是B. rise / raise 呢?
We raised our heads to watch the sun rise over the bridge. 我們抬起頭,望著太陽從橋上升起。(我們的頭當然要我們抬起來,所以用raise;太陽是自己升升落落的,所以用rise。)
【篇三】2021年上半年英語四級語法用法詳解
(1)prepare sb. for / to do sth.使某人對……作好准備
The teacher are preparing the students for the final examination.老師們正讓學生准備期末考試。
The mother prepared her son to go to preschool.媽媽讓兒子准備好去學前班。
(2)prepare sb. sth.為某人准備……
The host and hostress prepared us a delicious meal.主人為我們准備好美味佳餚。
(3)prepare sth. for + n. / v.-ing.(動名詞)准備……,為……做准備
The peasants are preparing the ground for planting.農民們正在為栽種准備耕地。
(4)sb. prepare for sth. / to do sth.某人准備做……
The students are busy preparing for the college entrance examination.學生們正忙著准備考大學。
(5)be prepared for…為……准備,對……作好了准備,表示結果
The students are well prepared for the sports meeting.學生們為運動會做了充分准備。Prepare的用法及搭配詳解
They were not prepared for the attack at all.他們根本沒有預料到這次襲擊。
(6)be prepared to do sth.准備好……,願意
Always be prepared to answer questions in class.課堂上要時刻准備回答問題。
(7)be prepared against防備
We are prepared against natural disasters.我們作好預防自然災害的准備。
C. 2021年6月英語四級語法用法辨析3篇
【 #四六級考試# 導語】中國有「書讀百遍,其義自見」的古諺,一直在鄭敏磨強調重復練習的重要性。2021年考試日益臨近,多看書,勤做題是大有裨益的。 考 網!【篇一】2021年6月英語四級語法用法辨析
1. 在系表結構後接不定式時,不能按漢語意思用「人」作主語,而用形式主語it。
如:
他有必要同我們一走去。
誤:He's necessary to go with us.
正:It's necessary for him to go with us.
正:It's necessary that he (should) go with us.
在以上後接 that 從句的句型中,從句謂語通常要用虛擬語氣。
又如:
It's necessary that he (should) buy a computer.
他有必要買台電腦。
It's necessary that we (should) ask for her advice.
我們有必要去徵求一下她的意見。
2. 表示「對……有必要」,其後可接介詞 to 或 for。
如:
Food is necessary for [to] life.
食物對生命是必要的。
Sleep is necessary to [for] one's health.
睡眠對健康是喊斗必不可少的。
當後接不拿寬定式的復合結構時,引導不定式邏輯主語的介詞通常只用for而不用 to。
如:
It's necessary for us learn a foreign language.
我們有必要學習一門外語。
3. 可與 if, when, where, as, whenever, wherever, although等連詞構成省略句(可以看成是其中省略了it is)。
如:
If necessary, ring me at home.
如果必要,可往我家裡打電話。
Tell him all about it when necessary.
在必須的時候把一切都告訴他。
Where necessary, improvements will be made.
哪兒需要,就在哪兒改進。
They believed in the application of force wherever necessary.
凡屬必要的地方他們都主張使用武力。
另外,注意習語as necessary(按需要,根據需要),than necessary(比需要的更)。
如:
We'll be adding more workers as necessary. 我們會按需要增加更多的工人。
I drove ten miles farther than necessary. 我開車開過了10英里。
【篇二】2021年6月英語四級語法用法辨析
1. 與 can, be able to 等連用,表示「擔負得起」某事或某物的費用、損失、後果等,或表示「抽得出」時間等,後面通常可接名詞、代詞、不定式等(多用於否定句或疑問句)。如:
I can't afford (to buy) a new coat. 我沒錢買件新外衣。
He can't afford the time for it. 他抽不出時間來做此事。
He says he really can't afford to wait another day. 他說他確實一天也不能再等了。
2. 表示「提供」「給予」,其後可以接雙賓語(直接賓語通常為抽象概念),若雙賓語交換位置,要用介詞 to(此時無需連用 can, be able to等)。如:
他的來訪給我們帶來極大的快樂。
正:His visit affords us great pleasure.
正:His visit affords great pleasure to us.
【篇三】2021年6月英語四級語法用法辨析
owever與but 的用法區別
兩者均可表示轉折或對比,意為「但是」、「可是」、「然而」等,但有區別:
1. 表示轉折時,but 是連詞。如:
He is young but very experienced. 他雖年輕,但經驗很豐富。
He has three daughters but no sons. 他有3 個女兒,但沒有兒子。
He likes sports, but his wife likes music. 他喜歡運動,而他妻子則喜歡音樂。
2. however 表示「然而」、「可是」時,有的詞書認為它是連詞,有的詞書認為它是副詞。之所以將其視為副詞,也許是因為像許多副詞一樣不僅能位於句首,而且能位於句中(注意前後使用逗號),甚至句末 (注意其前也用逗號)。如:
Later, however, he changed his mind. 可是他後來改變了主意。
He hasn't arrived. He may, however, come later. 他還沒有到,不過他等會兒可能會來。
He said that it was so; he was mistaken, however. 他說情況如此,可是他錯了。
註:以上各例中的 however 不能換成 but,但可用 but 來改寫。如:
He said that it was so, but he was mistaken. 他說情況如此,可他錯了。
3. 當連接兩個句子時,其前通常應用分號,或另起新句。如:
It's raining hard; however, I think we should go out. / It's raining hard. However, I think we should go out. 雨下得很大,但我想我們還得出去。
註:上例中的 however 不能換成 but,但可用 but 來改寫 (注意所用標點的變化)。如:
It's raining hard, but I think we should go out.
D. 大學英語四級語法指導
五篇大學英語四級語法指導
篇一: 大學英語四級語法指導
倒裝的六條原則:
1. so放在句首時表示承前肯定,這個句子用部分倒裝;
nor, neither放在句首時表示承前否定,句子也用部分倒裝;
2. 省略了引導詞if 的虛擬條件從句,可以把從句中的had, should, could, were中的任何一個提到從句最前面的位置,構成部分倒裝;
3. as, though表示「盡管」時引導從句,從句中的表語可以置於引導詞之前構成部分倒裝;
系動詞後面的部分就是表語,形容詞、名詞、名詞性短語可以置於系動詞之後。
例如:She is beautiful. They are students.
四級考試中出現的是由動詞的過去分詞轉變的形容詞作表語的形式。
例、 _B_ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.
A Being published B Published C Publishing D To be published
當題干是as引導一個從句,且as前為一個空格時他表示的就是盡管,空格處要填的就是表語。
being published 正在被出版; to be published 將要被出版。
此句恢復正常語序應為: As it was published at such a time …
4. 表示否定含義的單詞或短語放在句首,句子用部分倒裝;
常見的一些表示否定含義的單詞:never, little, few, hardly (… when), scarcely (… when) ;
seldom 難得,不常;nowhere 哪裡都不。
常見的一些表示否定含義的短語:in no way 決不; on no account 決不;
under no circumstances 在任何情況下都不。
5. only + 狀語放在句首,句子用部分倒裝;(如果only去掉就是全部倒裝)
例、Only under special circumstances _C_ to take make-up tests.
A permitted are freshmen B freshmen are permitted
C are freshmen permitted D are permitted freshmen
freshmen 新生; make up for 彌補,補償; make-up tests 補考(緩考)。
6. 注意兩個表達形式:come what may 無論發生什麼情況; say what you will 暢所欲言。
篇二:大學英語四級語法指導
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;
感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do
be erected 強調的是動作的結果; being erected 強調的是動作的過程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);
give away 泄露,走漏風聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰。
I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他並肩對付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續。
6. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood.
A all in all B above all C after all D over all
all in all 總而言之;above all 首先,尤其是;after all 畢竟,終究;overall 全面的,總體的
in a word 總之,in short 簡而言之,in conclusion 最後,總之,to sum up總之,總而言之。
7. _B_ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.
A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now
now that 既然,由於(相當於since); ever since 自從…以來。
與that搭配且後面可以加句子的幾個表達形式:
now that 既然,由於; in that 因為; except that 除…之外。
except後面加名詞或代詞;except that後面加句子。
8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor』s orders.
A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to
be attached to 連接,附屬; This school is attached to Beida. 這所學校附屬於北大。
responsible to 對…負有責任; resistant adj. 反抗的,抵抗的; water resistant 防水的。
be contrary to 與。。相反(相違背)。
9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week.
A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going
regret doing 後悔做過某事; regret to do sth. 遺憾的做某事(應用語境非常有限)。
10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_.
A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice
out of work 失業; out of reach 夠不著 within reach 夠得著; out of practice 缺乏練習。
篇三:大學英語四級語法指導
動名詞的復合結構:凡是一個動詞的後面可以加動名詞,就可以加動名詞的復合結構。
動作發出者 + 動名詞;當動作發出者名字給出時:名詞所有格 + 動名詞;當動名詞的復合結構在文章中出現,且動作發出者在前文中提過時:形容詞物主代詞(賓格)+ 動名詞。
形容詞物主代詞:his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格:him, her, me, you, us, them。
第二點:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。
例. Your hair wants _B_. You』d better have it done tomorrow.
A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。
例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
第三點:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味著,…的意思是…
例. There』s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]
A making B to make C to have made D having made
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;
感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do
be erected 強調的是動作的結果; being erected 強調的是動作的'過程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);
give away 泄露,走漏風聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰。
I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他並肩對付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續。
篇四:大學英語四級語法指導
短語部分沒有獨立主語,則短語結構稱為非謂語動詞。
非謂語動詞的結構:分詞(分詞短語)
句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發出動作,則使用現在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發出,則使用過去分詞。
1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;
to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;
一些特殊的動詞:
第一點:forget 忘記; [反義] remember 記得;
這兩個詞後加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式表示已經做過的事情。
注意:動名詞與現在分詞形式一樣,但含義不同。這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。
forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;
remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;
2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.
him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。
動名詞的復合結構:凡是一個動詞的後面可以加動名詞,就可以加動名詞的復合結構。
動作發出者 + 動名詞;當動作發出者名字給出時:名詞所有格 + 動名詞;當動名詞的復合結構在文章中出現,且動作發出者在前文中提過時:形容詞物主代詞(賓格)+ 動名詞。
形容詞物主代詞:his, her, my, your, their, our。代詞賓格:him, her, me, you, us, them。
第二點:want 想要; want to do sth. 想做某事; want doing 客觀需要或缺乏。
例. Your hair wants _B_. You』d better have it done tomorrow.
A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看電視用,看比賽用; see 看電影用;
感官動詞watch, see, hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do
be erected 強調的是動作的結果; being erected 強調的是動作的過程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放棄; give in 屈服,讓步; give off 釋放,放出(煙和氣體);
give away 泄露,走漏風聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知,告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰。
I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他並肩對付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持,繼續。
注意:want doing 中doing表示的是被動含義。
例. This room is so dirty that it wants _A_.
A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
第三點:mean 意味; mean to do sth. 打算做某事,意欲… ;mean doing 意味著,…的意思是…
例. There』s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台]
A making B to make C to have made D having made
篇五:大學英語四級語法指導
非謂語動詞與獨立主格:短語,句子(或者句子,短語)
當短語部分有獨立主語,並且該主語不同於句子主語,這時短語結構稱為獨立主格。(它最明顯的特點是短語部分有獨立的主語)。
獨立主格的結構1:名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [現在分詞、過去分詞]
現在分詞表示主動的,正在進行的行為;過去分詞表示被動的,已經完成的行為。 作題時要通過判斷動作與名詞(代詞)之間的關系來確定是使用現在分詞還是過去分詞。當動作由名詞(代詞)發出時使用現在分詞,而名詞(代詞)是受動者時則用過去分詞。
1. Silver is the best conctor of electricity, copper _B_ it closely.
A followed B following C to follow D being followed
2. All things _A_, the planned trip will have to be called off.
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered
call off 取消; cancel vt. 取消; 四級中的考點就是現在分詞和過去分詞的區別。
獨立主格的結構2:with + 名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [句子當中作狀語]
3. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding ecation, with girls as well as boys _C_ to go to school.
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged
as well as 和(相當於and); be encouraged不會考。
動詞不定式有預示將來行為的含義。to be encouraged 將要被鼓勵;
been encouraged 已經被鼓勵完了,與主句的謂語動詞相對;being encouraged 正在被鼓勵
短語部分沒有獨立主語,則短語結構稱為非謂語動詞。
非謂語動詞的結構:分詞(分詞短語)
句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發出動作,則使用現在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發出,則使用過去分詞。
1.No matter how frequently _A_, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 表演,演出,演奏;
to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;
一些特殊的動詞:
第一點:forget 忘記; [反義] remember 記得;
這兩個詞後加動詞不定式表示將要進行的行為;這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式表示已經做過的事情。
注意:動名詞與現在分詞形式一樣,但含義不同。這兩個詞後加動詞ing形式都是動名詞。
forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事; forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事;
remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 記得做過某事;
2. I remember _B_ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
offer vt. 提出,提供; offer sb. sth. / offer to do sth.
him once offering 如果改成 his once offering 也正確。
;E. 2020年12月英語四級語法用法講解
【 #四六級考試# 導語】可以開始進行2020年考試備考啦,迎戰考試,奮斗是我們此刻的選擇,相信所有的努力都會被歲月溫柔以待!以下為「2020年12月英語四級語法用法講解」,歡迎閱讀參考!更多相關訊息請關注 !【篇一】2020年12月英語四級語法用法講解
英語四級語法用法辨析:keen on doing sth 與keen to do sth 的區別
1)keen on doing sth 通常表示「喜歡做某事」,指的是一種興趣愛好。如:
The painter is keen on collecting coins 那位畫家喜歡收集硬幣。
I』m not keen on gambling. I』m too afraid of losing. 我對賭博不感興趣。我太怕輸了。
動名詞前有時有邏輯主語:
Mrs Hill is keen on Tom』s marrying Susan. 希爾太太很希望湯姆能和蘇珊結婚。
但有時也表示「渴望做某事」,如《朗文多功能分類詞典》中就有這樣一句:
I』m keen on passing this examination. 我渴望通過這次考試。
2)keen to do sth 主要表示「很想做某事」「渴望做某事」。如:
I』m not keen to go again. 我不太想再去了。
He』s keen to see his birthplace again. 他很想重見他的出生地。
She』s keen to get ahead in her career. 她熱望在事業上出人頭地。
She』s keen to get in on any discussions about the new project. 她一心想參加有關新計畫的討論。
The airline is keen to improve passenger comfort. 該航空公司致力於改善旅客的舒適程度。
Doctors are keen to highlight this little-known disease. 醫生們渴望把注渣碧晌意力集中在這一鮮為人知的疾病上。
3)有時不定式可以帶有邏輯主語,說成keen for sb to do sth(很想某人做某事,渴望某人做某事)。如:
Parents are always keen for their children to get on. 父母總是熱望子女有出息。
【如鋒篇二】2020年12月英語四級語法用法講解
英語四級語法用法辨析:until 後接過去分詞
請看這道題,這個until 後要接過去分詞嗎?
He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _________ to.
A. spoken B. speaking C. speak D. be spoken
【分析】此題容易誤B,認為until 是介詞,後接動詞時用動名詞形式。其實,此題應選A,until spoken to 為 until he is spoken to 之省略。句意為「他是個沉默寡言的人,別人不同他說話,他很少同別人說話」。按英語習慣,一些表示時間、地點、條件、方式、 讓步慧春等的狀語從句,若其主語與主句主語一致,且從句謂語包含動詞be, 那麼可將從句的主語和動詞be省略:
You must study hard while (you are) young, or you will regret when (you are) old. 趁年輕時要努力學習,不然到老了你會後悔的。
I won't go unless (I am) invited. 我不會去, 除非請我。
Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the streets. 過馬路時要注意汽車。
While (I was) waiting I was reading some old magazines. 等的時候我在看一些舊雜志。
He worked very hard though (he was) still rather poor in health. 盡管身體還不好,但他仍努力工作。
He will work hard wherever (he is) sent by the Party. 無論黨把他派往哪裡,他都會努力工作。
請再看兩道試題:
(1) If carefully _________, the experiment will be successful.
A. do B. does C. done D. doing
答案選C,可視為 if it is carefully done 之省略。
(2) The research is so designed that once _________ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
答案選D,可視為 once it is begun 之省略。
【篇三】2020年12月英語四級語法用法講解
英語四級語法用法辨析:介詞below與under的用法區別
1. 兩者都可表示「低於」,under 主要表示垂直在下的正下方,而 below 則不一定表示正下方(即可以是正下方或非正下方)。如:
Look in the cupboard below [under] the sink. 到洗碗池下面的櫃子里找一找。
The climbers stopped 300 meters below the top of the mountain. 登山隊員們在離山頂 300 米處停了下來。
換句話說,表示正下方,兩者都可用;不表示正下方,則通常用below。
2. 兩者均可表示數量方面的「少於」,但在現代英語中,以用 under 為多見。如:
He can't be much below [under] sixty. 他的年齡不可能比 60 歲小很多。
There were under forty people at the meeting. 參加會議的人不足 40 人。
It took us under an hour. 我們用了不到 1 個小時。
註:在現代英語中,below 表示「少於」,主要用於表示溫度、高度以及有縱向標准可比的情況。如:
This place is below sea level. 此地在海平面以下。
The temperature is two degrees below zero. 溫度是零下 2 度。
3. 若表示一物被另一物所覆蓋,則通常用 under。如:
She crept in beside him under the bedclothes. 她鑽進被窩躺在他身旁。
4. 表示職位、級別等關系時,用 under 表直接關系,用 below 表非直接關系。比較:
Mr A is under Mr B. A 先生是 B 先生的部下。
Mr A is below Mr B. A 先生比 B 先生職位低。
