大學英語四級作文真題解析
2017大學英語四級作文範文及翻譯
大學英語四級考試的主要對象是根據教育大綱修完大學英語四級的在校大學本科生或研究生。為了幫助大家通過2017年的英語四級考試，我分享了一些四級作文範文，希望能對大家有所幫助!
大學英語四級作文【1】
Attending TV PK Shows Does No Good to Young People
Nowadays, TV PK shows are great hits in China and have attracted a large number of adolescents. Some youngsters even give up their studies to attend these shows in the hope of winning their fame overnight. Some people argue that these shows provide young people more chance to show talents, while others assume that attending these shows does no good to the juvenile. As for me, I prefer to the latter opinion.
It should be admitted that some young people like Li Yuchun has stood out from the numerous attendants in the PK show, but that doesn’t mean attending the PK shows is a good way to become successful for teenagers. The following reasons can support my view. First and foremost, TV PK shows breed restlessness and ince young people to hunt after fame at whatever cost. Furthermore, TV PK shows can subvert the youngsters’ values. They cling to the idea that attending the PK shows is a shortcut to success, so they may despise the way of achieving success by hard work. Finally, if the young fail in these shows, they will suffer a psychological unbalance.
In a word, entering for TV PK shows is not a good way for young people to achieve success. I hold the opinion that young people should think twice before deciding to attend PK shows.
翻譯：參加電視PK節目對年輕人沒有好處
如今,電視PK節目在中國是偉大的沖擊,吸引了大量的青少年。一些年輕人甚至放棄學業去參加這些節目,希望贏得他們一夜之間成名。一些人認為這些節目給年輕人更多的機會展示才華,而另一些人認為參加這些節目對青少年沒有好處。就我而言,我更喜歡後者的觀點。
應該承認,一些年輕人喜歡李宇春已從眾多服務員站在PK的演出,但這並不意味著參加PK顯示成為青少年的成功就是一個很好的方法。以下原因可以支持我的觀點。首先,電視PK節目品種不安,促使年輕人尋找名聲,不惜一切代價。此外,電視PK節目可以顛覆年輕人的價值觀。他們堅持認為,參加PK顯示是成功的捷徑,所以他們可能會輕視通過努力工作獲得成功的方式。最後,如果年輕人在這些顯示失敗,他們將遭受心理上的不平衡。
總之,進入電視PK節目不是年輕人取得成功的好方法。我認為年輕人應該三思而後行決定參加PK所示。
大學英語四級作文【2】
In recent years, there are people in expanding numbers who have participated in the test for civil servants. Millions of students choose civil servant as their most ideal occupation after graation. And among them, the high-ecated, like masters and doctors, take quite a large percentage. The craze in civil servant test has attracted widespread attention.
The following fundamental causes can account for this kind of craze. First and foremost, nowadays college students face great employment pressure. Civil servant, as one of the most stable professions in today’s China, becomes their preferable choice. Moreover, recently, the welfare and salary of civil servants have been improved greatly, which undoubtedly attracts many people. Last but not least, the high social position of civil servants is a crucial factor drawing many people to take part in the civil servant test.
In my opinion, this craze in civil servant test will continue in the following years. However, from the long run, it does not do good to the development of our nation. If most high quality talents gather in the government departments, it might lead to a waste of resources. Accordingly, both the indivials and the government should have a more objective recognition of the civil servant test craze.
翻譯：近年來,人們在擴大數字人參加公務員考試。數以百萬計的學生選擇公務員作為他們畢業後最理想的職業。其中,高學歷,就像大師和醫生,把相當大比例。在公務員考試熱潮吸引了廣泛的關注。
下面的根本原因可以解釋這種狂熱。首先,現在的大學生面臨巨大的就業壓力。公務員,是最穩定的職業之一,在今天的中國,成為他們最好的選擇。此外,最近,公務員的福利和工資已經大大提高,這無疑吸引了很多人。最後但同樣重要的是,公務員社會地位高是一個至關重要的因素吸引很多人參加公務員考試。
在我看來,這在公務員考試熱潮將繼續在接下來的.幾年裡。然而,從長遠來看,它不善待我們的國家的發展。如果大多數高質量人才聚集在政府部門,它可能會導致資源的浪費。因此,個人和政府都應該有一個更客觀的認識公務員考試熱潮。
大學英語四級作文【3】
Nowadays a large number of universities encourage and organize students to take part in social practice activities. During the holidays, students in mounting numbers choose to be the volunteers, take part-time jobs, or take part in other practical activities alike. It is obvious that social practice is playing an increasingly essential role in China’s college ecation.
Undoubtedly, college students have benefited a lot from social practice. Above all, they are provided with more opportunities to contact the real world outside campus. What is more, in social practice activities, students can apply their theoretical knowledge to the solution to the practical problems. So their practical skills are improved greatly. Besides, social practice helps strengthen students’ sense of social responsibility.
Considering the above-mentioned, it is necessary for college students to participate in social practice. However, social practice may bring some problems. For example, some students spend too much time in taking part-time jobs so as to ignore their study. Hence, we should try to balance the relationship between social practice and study.
翻譯：現在許多大學鼓勵和組織學生參加社會實踐活動。在假期里,越來越多的學生選擇做志願者、兼職工作,或參加其他實踐活動。很明顯,社會實踐是發揮著越來越重要的作用,中國的大學教育。
毫無疑問,大學生社會實踐受益匪淺。最重要的是,他們提供了更多的機會接觸校園以外的現實世界。更重要的是,在社會實踐活動中,學生可以應用理論知識解決實際問題。所以他們的實踐技能得到了較大的改善。此外,社會實踐有助於加強學生的社會責任感。
考慮到上述,大學生有必要參與社會實踐。然而,社會實踐可能帶來一些問題。例如,一些學生花太多時間在兼職工作,忽視了他們的研究。因此,我們應該試著平衡社會實踐和學習之間的關系。
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B. 2018年12月大學英語四級真題作文解析
2018年12月大學英語四級考試剛剛結束，相信同學們對咱們的寫作話題還記憶猶新。這次的四級作文共有三個話題，且都是要求圍繞著「挑戰」進行書寫。整體難度較去年來看，難度不大。接下來，文都四六級輔導老師將四級的三個作文給大家進行一下剖析。
【四級寫作話題】
四級寫作話題有三個。如下：
[if !supportLists]1. [endif]畢業後創業面臨的挑戰（the challenges of starting a career after graation）
[if !supportLists]2. [endif]出國留學面臨的挑戰（the challenges of studying abroad）
[if !supportLists]3. [endif]在大城市生活面臨的挑戰（the challenges of living in a big city）
以上三個話題中的單詞較簡單，雖然大部分學生應該還是能讀懂題目，但是還是有個別學生錯把挑戰（challenges）當做了改變（changes），把事業（career）看錯成癌症（cancer），這樣的話就跑題了。
【四級寫作話題思路】
話題1：
畢業後有的學生會選擇創業，在創業方面面臨的挑戰分為以下三點。第一，缺乏資金。第二，缺乏經驗。第三，如果威脅到現有企業的利益，會遭到現有企業的阻撓。
話題2：
出國留學面臨的挑戰，可以從以下三方面進行闡述。首先，對於外國的文化或者風俗不了解，無法融入當地的生活或者學習群體。其次，語言障礙導致無法與人正常溝通。最後，如果有什麼問題或者意外發生，就會感到孤立無援。
話題3：
在大城市生活主要面臨的挑戰，可以從以下三方面進行著手。首先，大城市的房價過高，大部分人負擔不起，每月租房住，日常花銷大。然後，大城市公司要求高，員工工作壓力大。最後，在大城市生活，如果身邊沒有朋友，會很孤獨。
【四級寫作話題可用句型】
開頭：
1With the rapid growth of ......, more and more people choose to .......Nowadays, it is commonly believed that ....... will provides them with many opportunities, but I wonder that people who ........ are facing more challenges.
2Against the backdrop of an era characterized with opportunities, the living pressures of people has been improved. Nowadays, every indivial who....... faces various challenges.
中間:
1There are numerous challenges of ......, and I would explore only three challenges here.
The first challenge is that ......
The second one is that the ......
The last one is that......
2As far as I am concerned, there are three main challenges of.......
First of all,......
In addition,......
At last but not least,......
結尾：
1Based on the points discussed above, we may reasonably draw the conclusion that there are many challenges of......Dealing with the challenges is not different from conquering a great mountain; both of us require determination, courage, and perseverance.
2 All in all, there is no doubt that people who...... are in front of many challenges. It is the critical time that the government/the society/ we took effective actions to cope with these challenges.
C. 公共英語四級寫作列舉式詳解
分析列舉式
具體表述如下：
人們喜歡參觀博物館，分析一下都有什麼原因? 你認為一個好鄰居應該有哪些品質?有人搬到你們城市，你認為他會對這個城市有些什麼看法?
兩種模板：
1._________的.確是一個值得探討的話題。不同的人有不同的看法，有的認為______，有的認為____________，還有的認為____________我認為最重要的一點是____________.
第一段：
There is no denying the fact that (why/how/what) ____________ is a hot topic which is much talked about [not only by ____________, but also by ____________ /by people across the world/ in a modern society].
或：There is no denying the fact that (why/how/what) ____________ is a popular topic which has caused heated debate over a long period of time (because it affects everybody in his or her daily lives).
或：There is no denying the fact that (why/how/what) ____________ is a basic (moral/philosophical) problem that can not be circumvented by anybody,( because the opinion on this problem will determine one’s attitude toward the world and the life).
或：(如果是針對某一事件的題目，不是什麼popular topic)____________(Why people visit museums) is a interesting question that deserves careful investigation not only by_______________(museum managers), but also by ____________(visitors themselves). People with different experience, life style and [emotional concerns / ecational background/____________] differ greatly in their attitudes toward this [problem /question]. Some people hold the opinion that ____________. Others, [however/on the contrary], maintain that ____________. Still others, convinced by the view that ____________, argue that ____________. According to them,____________. But as far as I am concerned, I consider the [chief reason/ most important quality] is ____________. And here are three reasons that I’d like to point out.
第二段：第一點第二點第三點
第三段：
In a word, ____________(the three points mentioned above) are the main opinions on ____________ hold by [common/most] people. But my idea is that ____________________, and I sincerely believe that it is right.
2.____________的確是一個值得探討的話題。人們看法比較一致，第一第二第三。我認為最重要的一點是____________
第一段:
第一句同1。第二句：
Somewhat surprisingly, people with different experience, life style and [emotional concerns / ecational background/____________] share similar attitudes toward this [problem/question]. They usually [give some, even all of the following reasons / consider some, even all of the following points [important/ necessary / desirable /advisable] ].
第二段：
第一點第二點第三點
第三段：In a word, ____________(the three points mentioned above) are the main [reasons /desirable qualities /____________] of ____________. But as far as I am concerned, I consider the [ chief reason/ most important quality] is ____________.
或：In a word, ____________(the three points mentioned above) are the main opinions on ____________ hold by [common/most] people. But in my point of view, ____________ has more advantages than disadvantages under most circumstances.
通用句型：(並不固定在某個模板中，在每個模板中都可以用到)
This may explain why ____________/As a consequence____________
It goes without saying that____________
In fact, we can observe easily that in modern society,____________
As a proverb says, "Everything has two sides".
As a proverb says, "Where there is a will there is a way".
As is known to all, "No pains, no gains."
Let’s bring our discussion here to a more present and practical context. In today’s world,____________
I can say that if you have no experiences like these, your life is an inadequate one.
be of great benefit/damage to sb./sth.
The reason of ____________ is not so much ____________ as ____________
People differ greatly in their attitudes towards this problem. Some people hold the opinion that ____________ Others, [ however/on the contrary], maintain that ____________.
It is [urgent/necessary/convenient/desirable/advisable] for sb. to do sth.
have [trouble/a difficult time] [in doing sth./with sth.]
舉例證：It can be given by a (well known/concrete) example that ____________. / In order to see this point clearly, let us to see an example:____________/To illustrate this, there is an example that is very persuasive:____________.
第一點原因：
The main/first reason is that ____________.
First, we can observe easily that in modern society, ...
In the first place
To begin with, (a good roommate should ____________)
第二點原因：
Besides, the further reason why I advocate AAA is that ____________.
[The second/another] reason for [my/people’s] propensity for A is that ____________
[The second/another] desirable quality for a good roommate is that ____________
第三點原因：
Moreover,____________
The third reason, [not the last/however], goes this way: ____________
寫完三條原因還可以再寫：Maybe there are some other reasons( to show____________). But
it is generally believed that the reasons mentioned above are commonly acceptable.
最後意猶未盡或者字數不夠可以加這么一句：
Nevertheless I must admit that people can do well without AAA, but no one can ignore the additional convenience and satisfaction offered by AAA. Such experience will definitely be helpful in one’s later life.
一個使用了模板的例子：
對立觀點：
In this modern society, people always confront the dilemma of choosing whether AAA or BBB. This problem is a much debated one in that it affects everybody in his or her daily life. People may prefer one to the other although some may have no opinions about either at all. Before rendering my opinion, I think it is necessary to take a glance at the arguments on both sides.
It is quite rational for average people to choose BBB because of the obvious reason that 原因.The most extreme manifestation of this idea is the fact that 例子.Even so, however, many advantages of BBB over AAA will be obscured by its considerable drawbacks such as 例子.Therefore we have no complete evidence to suggest that BBB is always better than AAA. Moreover, a close scrutiny of the potential benefits of choosing AAA would reveal how flimsy it is to stick to the propensity to BBB over AAA.
There are numerous reasons for my preference for AAA, and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones. One chief reason is that 原因一.And I can think of no better illustration of the idea than the fact that 例子一. The above is only part of the important aspects, and another one with equal significance with respect to choosing between the two lies in the development of the proposition that 原因二. This well explains the undeniable fact that 例子二. Besides, a further reason why I advocate AAA is that 原因三.This may explain why 例子三.
Last but not least, there is also a more practical reason why I would choose AAA, that is 原因四.
All in all, taking into account all these merits that AAA boasts of, we may safely arrive at the conclusion that the advantages of AAA outweigh any benefit we can get from BBB and choosing AAA is a rather wise decision.
D. 09年12月英語四級答案詳解
2009年12月大學英語四級考試答案詳解
Part Ⅰ Writing
審題謀篇
本次四級作文主題為「綠色校園」，這是一個看似簡單普通的話題，寫起來卻不是那麼容易。因為很多考生對於「綠色校園」所表達的內涵感覺比較生僻。假如對「綠色校園」這一主題感到難以把握，考生可以從作文提綱入手進行分析以獲取對「綠色校園」這一概念的相關信息。根據作文提示2，可以看出此處的「綠色校園」指的決不僅僅是青青的草地和高大的樹木構成的校園綠色風景，也不僅僅指對校園環境的珍視和愛護，而是指一種環境保護的文化氛圍和師生具有的環境素養，以及由此帶來的和諧的人文環境和社會績效。在深入理解概念的基礎上，考生還應對 「綠色校園」的重要性進行剖析，這時，考生可以從多個角度組織素材，比如從校園的環境問題出發，進而擴展到師生的環境意識對「綠色校園」所產生的長遠意義以及為未來環境改善所做的貢獻。最後是闡述建設「綠色校園」所要採取的措施。需要注意的就是作文給分的重點在於考生如何用恰當的語言詞彙表達自己的思想觀點。而不是寫得越多，得分就越高。一般分成三個自然段，大概十句話，基本的分布為首段、末段合起來五句或六句，中間段五句或四句，做到結構清楚，重點突出，就可以了。
參考範文
Creating a Green Campus
Recently, with the idea of making and maintaining 「a green earth」 being the focus of the society, 「green campus」 has become a more and more popular concept in universities or colleges, which, undoubtedly, will bring us an ever-lasting benefit to both our campus and our society.
The concept of 「green campus」 does not only mean a green environment but also refers to an environmental sense in people』s mind. Campus plays a crucial role in ecating the young generation and the consciousness of 「green campus」 will definitely proce a profound effect on students』 various environmental protection activities after their graation. What』s more, the young generation is under the burden of severe environmental pollution and there are many problems waiting for them to solve.
To make 「green campus」 come true, firstly, it is necessary to work out effective principles for the development of sustainable and recyclable campus. Secondly, it calls for people』s awareness of the serious pollution around us and actual action to rece the waste. Last but not least, it is necessary to strengthen the ties between campus and society, so as to ensure that 「green campus」 can work smoothly with the co-effort of the whole society.
建設綠色校園
近來，隨著建設並保持「綠色地球」的觀念成為社會關注的焦點，「綠色校園」也成為校園里流行的話題。這無疑會給我們的校園和社會帶來長遠的利益。
「綠色校園」不僅僅指綠色的環境，還包括人們頭腦中的環境意識。學校在培養年輕一代上起著關鍵作用，「綠色校園」的意識必定會對學生畢業後的環境保護意識產生長遠影響。更為重要的是，年輕一代面臨著嚴重的環境污染，有太多問題等待他們去解決。
為使「綠色校園」成為現實，首先應該制定出可持續發展、可長遠發展的有效政策。其次，還需要人們對環境污染的嚴肅性有正確認識並採取實際行動切實減少污染。最後但同樣重要的是，有必要加強學校和社會的聯系以便在全社會共同努力下使「綠色校園」順利實施。
範文點評
範文以「綠色校園」開篇，保證了文章切題。第一段開門見山，強調當今環保理念下構建「綠色校園」的長遠意義。第二段，著重討論「綠色校園」的含義，指出「綠色校園」不僅指校園中的綠化，還指生活在校園中的人們的綠色和環保意識，把校園這個小環境和社會這個大環境結合起來，說理更加深刻。第三段是談及具體的做法，分一、二、三點進行論述，無疑是使「綠色校園」的理念落在實處。結構完整，首尾呼應，用詞准確。關系詞的正確使用讓句與句之間、段與段之間銜接緊湊，思想表達成熟有深度。
【生動的用詞】 maintain保持;concept概念;profound長遠的;sustainable可持續的;recyclable可循環的。
【豐富的短語】bring benefit to帶來利益;play a crucial role in發揮關鍵作用;under the burden of在……重負下;come true實現;call for要求。
【多變的句式】
範文中長句、短句、簡單句、復雜句交叉使用。不同句型之間的轉換，能讓閱卷老師更好地了解考生對句子結構的掌握運用，從而獲得高分。
避錯指導
本次作文在題材上，雖然仍然延續了我們所熟悉校園類話題，但與社會背景有很大關系。剛剛閉幕的哥本哈根世界氣候大會使環保減排這個主題成為焦點，在全世界都提倡可持續發展、和諧發展這一背景下的「綠色校園」，同時也是一個社會熱點話題，這是我們審題時所必須考慮的。另外開篇時，切忌拖泥帶水，應直截了當，使閱卷老師對文章主題一目瞭然。
除正確審題之外，考生還應注意語言的准確運用，不落俗套。不同句型之間轉換時，考生應對句子結構全面掌握，避免句式錯誤造成扣分。
最後，應盡量避免單詞拼寫錯誤。本次作文常見的卷面拼寫錯誤如下表：
正確拼寫 詞性及詞義 錯誤的拼寫
focus n. 焦點 focuse
effect n. 影響 effection /affect
environment n. 環境 envirment/invironment
burden n. 負擔 burdon
solve v. 解決 slove
serious a. 嚴肅的 serous
true a. 真的 ture
society n. 社會 soceity
theory n. 理論 thery
總之，考生在構思和寫作過程中要盡可能做到思路完整，恰如其分地選擇詞彙。畢竟，無錯表達才是四級語言表達合格的核心。
能力拓展
【同義詞轉換】
作文表達除了准確，還要做到句式多變，詞彙靈活多樣。
1. realize → be aware of 意識到
We』d better be aware of the seriousness of pollution around us. 我們最好意識到周圍污染的嚴峻性。
2. keep → preserve 保持
It is necessary to ecate the students to be conscious of the importance to preserve the environment. 有必要教育學生意識到保護環境的重要性。
3. lead → conct 引導
This will help conct the activities of the college students. 這有助於引導大學生的行為。
【話題備考錦囊】
6. The idea of 「a green campus」 is beyond a green environment. 「綠色校園」絕不僅僅是一個綠色環境。
7. The construction of 「a green campus」 will greatly stimulate students to take part in various environmental protection activities. 建設「綠色校園」將會極大激勵學生參與環境保護。
8. To bring 「a green campus」 to its full play, effective measures should be taken. 為全面實施「綠色校園」，必須採取有效措施。
9. Campus construction is of vital importance not only to the physical development of students but to their mental health as well. 校園建設不僅對學生的身體發展很重要，而且對他們的心理健康也很重要。
10. There is little doubt that further consideration must be paid to our green campus. 毫無疑問，對於綠色校園應該給與更多的思考。
【話題詞彙拓展】
devastation n. 毀壞 disastrous a. 損失慘重的
doom v. 厄運，毀滅 existence n. 存在，生活
healthful a. 健康的 messy a. 骯臟的，凌亂的
participation n. 分享，參與 preserve v. 保存，保護
preventive a. 預防性的 purify v. 澄清，凈化
stimulation n. 激勵，鼓舞 arouse consciousness 喚起意識
命題風向標
本次作文難度適中，與之前考試中出現的「限塑」主題有千絲萬縷的聯系。考生要想在本次作文中獲取高分，除了審題恰當獨到，還要有扎實的語言基礎。如本文主題「綠色校園」可以採用多種表達：green campus和environmental-friendly campus;「綠色校園的構建」可以使用create，build up，establish和construct等，以體現考生對詞彙多樣性的積累。
從關注白色污染到關注博物館免費開放，再到綠色校園構建，四級作文命題重點在側重校園類話題的同時開始向與大學生生活有關的話題轉移。由此也凸顯了對歷年真題分析的重要意義。更多地立足真題，總結規律，切實提高自己語言能力，始終是四級作文備考的根本。
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
篇章結構
核心詞彙
1. aid n. ①幫助，援助 ②助手v. 幫助，援助
【用】financial aid經濟援助;merit aid/ Merit-based獎學金;need-based aid助學金或經濟資助;foreign aid外援，對外援助;hearing aid助聽器;aids and appliances用具，設備【搭】in aid to用來幫助，起……作用;lead one』s aid (to)援助，給予幫助;in aid of作為援助……之用【拓】aidance n. 協助，幫助;aidant a. 幫助的;aided a. 輔助的
2. project v. ①設計 ②發射n. 事業，計劃，工程
【用】Project Hope希望工程;project manager項目經理;project plan項目規劃;project budget項目預算，工程預算【拓】projection n. 突出，發射;projecting a. 突出的
3. selective a. 選擇性的
4. 【用】selective analysis重點分析;selective breeding選擇育種，選擇性繁殖 【拓】select v. 挑選，選拔a. 精選的;selection n. 選擇，挑選，選集
5. package n. 包裹;套裝軟體，程序包a. 一攬子的
【用】package design包裝設計;package agreement一攬子安排，一攬子方案;package holiday(旅行社安排一切的)一攬子旅遊;package tour包辦旅行(路線、地點、時間和費用等均作統一規定和安排的旅遊);package program組裝程序【拓】pack n.包裝，背包v. 包裝，壓緊;packaged a. 袋裝的;packager n. 打包機
6. ranking a. 頭等的;n. 等級，地位
【用】ranking list排名;ranking method等級法，排序法
【拓】rank n. 等級;隊列;v. 排列，列隊
7. grant v. ①授予 ②承認;n. ①授予物 ②撥款
【用】grant of a patent授予專利權【搭】take…for granted認為……是理所當然; Granted/Granting that即使……(也)【拓】grants n. 補助金，津貼(grant的復數)
8. enrol v. 登記，入學，參軍，注冊
【搭】enrol in選課，參加【拓】enrollment n. 登記，入伍;enrollee n. 入學者，入伍者
9. eliminate v. 消除，排除
【用】eliminate illiteracy掃盲;eliminate poverty消除貧困;eliminate noise 消除雜訊【拓】eliminate 是指把已進入者從中排除;exclude v. 指把想進入者拒之門外
10. qualify v. 使具有資格，證明……合格【用】qualifying examination資格考試，初試;qualifying competition預選賽，資格賽 【搭】qualify as 取得……資格，作為……合適;qualify for有……的資格，合格【拓】qualified a. 有資格的，合格的
11. excel v. 勝過，優於，擅長n. [計算機] 軟體名稱
【搭】to excel in/at (在某方面)勝過(或超過)別人;to excel in music 擅長音樂
【拓】 excellent a. 極好的，卓越的;excellence n. 優秀，長處
12. submit v. 使服從，提交【用】submit oneself to discipline遵守紀律;submit registration提交登記表，提交注冊【搭】submit to 服從;submit…to 將……呈交給【拓】 submission n. 服從，投降
試題詳解
1. 【原題譯文】隨著越來越多的低收入學生追求高等教育，一些學院__。
B【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是more and more，low-income students和pursuing higher ecation。由此即可定位到原文第二段，全文的主旨段。
【篇章分析】原文第二段指出：「But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as merit aid, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars.」原文中with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population和題干中with more and more low-income students pursuing higher ecation意思一致;原文中re-examining和B選項中revise意思相同。所以答案為B。
2. 【原題譯文】位於米德維爾的阿勒格尼學院三年前做了什麼?
D【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是大學名稱Allegheny College in Meadville和do，由此定位到原文第三段。
【篇章分析】原文第三段指出：「George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and rece the number of recipients (接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago.」題目中的D項It cut its merit-based aid help the needy students與原文cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and rece the number of recipients, pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid意思相同，所以答案為D。
3. 【原題譯文】有排名意識的大學提供獎學金的主要目的是__。
C【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是rankings-conscious和purpose，由此可定位到原文第七段。
【篇章分析】原文第七段指出：「But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profiles.」原文中的recruit表示「招收」，和答案C中的attract意思相似，所以答案為C。
4. 【原題譯文】漢密爾頓的入學和助學金辦公室主任莫尼卡•英澤相信__。
D【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hanilton，由此可定位到原文第十段。
【篇章分析】原文第十段指出：「to be discounting the price for families that don』t need financial aid doesn』t feel right any more.」原文與D項it』s not right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition意思相同，所以答案為D。
5. 【原題譯文】近年來，獎學金的增長比助學金快得多，是因為__。
B【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是merit-based aid和increased，由此即可定位到原文第十二段第二句。
【篇章分析】原文第十二段第二句指出：「typically in a bid to enroll top students in the state』s public institutions.」 in a bid to 可以理解為「為了……，力求……」。enroll top students in the state』s public institutions符合原題意思，所以答案為B
6. 【原題譯文】依大衛•萊爾德來看，許多私立學院對獎學金的態度是什麼?
A【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是David Laird，attitude，private colleges和merit aid，由此即可定位到原文第十四段。
【篇章分析】原文第十四段指出：「David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to rece their merit aid」。原文和答案A項They would like to see it reced意思一致，所以答案為A。
7. 【原題譯文】為什麼阿勒格尼學院不打算完全取消獎學金?
C【快速解題】本題的題干是Allegheny College和drop merit aid。由此即可定位到原文第十六段。
【篇章分析】原文第十六段指出：「A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don』t qualify for need-based aid, that many have to depend on it.」。原文中depend on和答案C選項中的rely on意思相同，所以答案為C。
8. qualified
【原題譯文】每年是否可以繼續享受學術獎學金取決於獎學金得主是否繼續________。
【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是annual renewal，academic，merit scholarships和recipient，由此即可定位到原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分。
【篇章分析】原文A few words about merit-based aid部分第四句指出：「These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills, and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify」。 這些獎學金通常幫助學生交納學費，只要他們繼續符合條件，每年都可以繼續享受。原文中的each year在本題中被換成了annual，原文中的renewed在本題中被換成了名詞renewal，原文中的continue被轉換成了remain，所以本題應該填形容詞qualified。
9. recognizes
【原題譯文】體育獎學金申請者要求有______其在運動方面有傑出表現的教練或裁判的推薦。
【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是athletic和a coach or a referee，由此即可定位到原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分第三段。
【篇章分析】原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分第三段：「Recommendation for this scholarships is required, since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee (裁判).」本獎學金必須有人推薦，因為傑出的運動表現必須得到教練或裁判的認可。題目把原文的被動結構變成了主動，而a coach or a referee是第三人稱單數，所以本題應該填的答案是recognizes。
10. excellence
【原題譯文】藝術獎學金要求申請者必須提交能表明其在某一領域______的證明。
【快速解題】本題的題干關鍵詞是applicants，artistic merit scholarships，proce evidence和show，由此可定位到原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分第四段。
【篇章分析】原文A few words about merit-based aid這一部分第四段指出：「Artistic merit scholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area」。藝術獎學金要求申請者在一定藝術領域有突出表現。原文中的in a given artistic field和題目中的in a particular artistic field同義，題目中需要填的是動詞show的賓語，即一個名詞，而原句中對應的excel卻是動詞詞性，需要變成名詞形式，所以答案就是excel的名詞形式excellence。
全文精譯
大學重新審視獎學金的價值
許多大學給予學生經濟資助時，最重要的依據仍然是學生良好的評估等級和較高的試卷分數。
但是在未來幾年裡，預計低收入家庭的學生數佔大學生總數的比例越來越大。一些學校正在重新考慮獎學金是否是利用大學寶貴的資金最有效的途徑。
例如，華盛頓特區的喬治•華盛頓大學上周公布說將削減約三分之一的獎學金，減少獎學金得主數，而將節省下來的大約250萬美元用於助學金。位於賓夕法尼亞州米德維爾的阿勒格尼學院三年前也做出了類似的決定。
紐約柯林頓市的哈密爾頓學院說它將逐步淘汰獎學金。該規定不會使現有的獎學金得主失去獎學金，助學金制度將從2008年秋天入學的學生開始實行。
並不是所有的大學都提供獎學金;一般來說，淘汰率越高的學校，越不太可能提供獎學金。例如，哈佛大學和普林斯頓大學慷慨地提供了各種助學金，但是許多不符合助學條件的家庭為了上名牌大學不管付多少錢都願意。
對於規模較小的地方性學院來說，他們只是努力填滿空缺，獎學金只是財政收入的重要來源，因為許多獎學金得主仍需支付比獎學金金額更高的學費，而正是這些學費維持大學的運轉。
但是對於有排名意識的學校，獎學金已經成為招收一流學生和改善他們的學術效益的一種主要工具。斯基德莫爾大學的經濟學家桑迪•波美說，「他們試圖購買學生」。
研究表明獎學金存在一種傾向，即大部分獎學金得主不依靠獎學金仍能支付得起學費。
「展望未來，更迫切需要的助學金投資」，漢密爾頓的入學和助學金辦公室主任莫尼卡•英澤說。漢密爾頓大學已提供10年的獎學金。在這段時間里，在《美國新聞和世界報導》對最好的文學院的排名中，它從第25名上升到第17名。
獎學金每年幫助了大約75名學生，或大約4%的學生，花費大約為一年1百萬美元，「獎學金給我們帶來了好處」，英澤說，但「獎學金這種變相優惠學費的做法對不需要經濟援助的家庭來說，似乎不妥。」
助學金目前仍是學生接受資助的主要方式，包括國家助學金、聯邦助學金和機構助學金。但是，從總體上和大學層面上來看，主要由學校和州提供的獎學金增長速度很快。
一項由美國賓州州立大學教授唐納德•海勒主持的研究報告表明，在1995-96和2003-04年之間，僅就大學的獎學金而言，增加了212%，而助學金增加了47%。至少有15個州也提供獎學金，通常是為了在公立大學中招收優等生。
但是近年來，越來越多的批評已經迫使大學開始減少這種做法。漢密爾頓和其他大學最近的決策可能是「一種跡象，表明人們開始意識到這種破壞性的競爭」，波美說。波美與他人合作，共同發表了一份《大學報告》，對於大學資助不是建立在需要的基礎之上表示擔憂。
明尼蘇達私立大學委員會主席大衛•萊爾德認為，很多私立學校想減少獎學金，但害怕這樣做，會使優秀學生流失到他們的競爭對手那裡去。
「沒有人可以採取單方面行動，」萊爾德說。他正在探索是否能獲得聯邦反托拉斯法的豁免，以使會員大學可以討論如何共同降低獎學金。「這是一個跑得很快的旋轉木馬，沒有大學相信他們能承受擺脫木馬束縛的風險。」
一個復雜因素就是，獎學金已經在不符合助學金條件的中產階級家庭中變得很受歡迎，結果許多家庭都依靠它。並且，隨著學費不斷增加，獎助學金之間的界限也變得模糊了。
這是阿勒格尼大學並不打算完全取消獎學金的理由之一。
「我們仍然相信對成績優異者進行獎勵的效用，好學生很重視獎學金」， 阿勒格尼大學負責招生的副校長斯科特•弗利達霍夫說。
位於亞特蘭大的艾莫利大學以擁有47億美元的捐贈而自豪。同時該校擬採取新政策。今年，該大學宣布將取消特困生貸款，同時對中產階級家庭的貸款進行限額，但它將擴大其已有28年歷史的獎學金項目。
「是的，我們在玩獎學金游戲，」負責大學本科教育的副院長湯姆蘭•卡斯特承認。但這也有它的優勢，他說，「事實上，這不僅僅關繫到低收入人群，它還關繫到無緣問津助學金、普通的美國中產階級家庭。」
* 關於獎學金制度的幾點補充
獎學金是向在某一領域傑出的學生提供的資助，通常是指學術、體育和藝術獎學金。
學術獎學金是以學生在高中階段的分數，平均成績和學術表現為基礎。它們通常是專門為學，
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E. 2020年7月大學英語四級作文真題及範文
2020年7月英語四級作文真題
Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of translation apps. You can start your essay with the sentence "The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly popular. " You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
2020年7月英語四級作文範文
The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly popular. Consequently ,people are getting more opportunities to speak or meet another language but their own mother tongue with the development of the economy. Undoubtedly , an app of translation is crucial for people who cannot handle the language perfectly. But the viewpoints are split one whether this kind of apps are wholly a good thing.
Where there is a light , there is a shadow. Some people argue that a translation app will bridge them with the native speakers adequately no matter who will be a traveler or a businessman. It will pose a huge threat for people who can not understand what they say. Fortunately , everyone will interact richly with the apps like this. On the other hand, some people think that the translations app cannot fully create and convey the feelings on the authentic language. As a result , it will bring more misunderstandings. Besides, the opponents take the point of view that people will be more over-reliant on the mobile-phones and Internet.
Form where I stand , I would take the the translation on this kind of apps as a reference rather than a kind of dependence. The most effective and beneficial way to express yourself and communicate with a foreigner is to improve one’s ability to exert this unfamiliar language. As an old saying goes is Practice makes perfect.
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F. 14年6月份大學英語四級作文範文與解析
If a foreign friend of mine is coming to my hometown Xiamen, the very place I would like to recommend is, definitely, Gulangyu. It is an island located in the southwest to the Xiamen Island. It is nearly impossible to find a tourist coming to Xiamen without spending a day or two in Gulangyu to enjoy its beauty.
Why would I consider Gulangyu a place of interest which one should never miss? Actually, there are several reasons accounting for it. Firstly, you can enjoy the view of the sea, the golden beaches, and also the magnificent landscape covered by all kinds of plants. That is why the island is called "a garden on the sea". Also, various cafés and restaurants providing local cuisines and snacks will amaze you for sure. What is more, you can learn about the history of the city and of arts after a trip to the historical sites and museums.
Personally, Gulangyu is my favorite place to go whenever I need to relax myself or have fun with friends. So I highly recommend this place to my dear foreign friend and I am sure he or she will fall in love with it at the first sight.
（翻譯）
如果我的一個外國朋友要來我的家鄉廈門,我想推薦的地方,當然,鼓浪嶼。它是一個島位於廈門島西南部。幾乎是不可能找到一個遊客來廈門不花一天或兩天在鼓浪嶼享受它的美。
為什麼我認為鼓浪嶼名勝絕不應該錯過哪一個?實際上,會計,有很多原因。首先,你可以享受大海的風景,金色的沙灘,還有壯麗的景觀所涵蓋的各種各樣的植物。這就是為什麼島被稱為「海上花園」。同時,各種各樣的咖啡館和餐館提供當地的美食和小吃會讓你確定。更重要的是,你可以了解這個城市的歷史和藝術之旅後的歷史名勝和博物館。
就我個人而言,鼓浪嶼是我最喜歡的去處每當我需要放鬆自己或者和朋友玩得開心。所以我強烈推薦這個地方我親愛的外國朋友,我相信他或她會愛上一見鍾情。