英語四級常用介詞固定搭配
大學英語四級詞彙與語法和完形填空題以考查各類片語和固定搭配為重點，這些片語和搭配在閱讀理解、翻譯和寫作中也有重要作用，所以這里將各類片語以詞性為中心加辯旅以分類，以便幫助大家學習和記憶。這些片語和固定搭配不僅在四、六級考試中至關重要，研究生入學英語考試中它們也是考查重點。
一、名詞片語和固定搭配
1.介詞+名詞
by accident 偶然
on account of 因為，由於，為了……的緣故
in addition to 另外，加之
in addition 除…之外（還）
in the air 流傳中
on （the／an） average 按平均值，通常
on the basis of 根據，在…的基礎上
at best 充其量棚鎮，至多
for the better 好轉，向好的方向發展
on board 在船（車或飛機）上
out of breath 喘不過氣來
on business 因公，因事
in any case 無論如何，不管怎樣
in case of 假如，如果發生；防備
in case 假使，以防（萬一）
in no case 決不，無論如何不
by chance 偶然，碰巧
in charge （of） 負責，管理
（a）round the lock 日夜不停地
in common 共用的，共有的
in conclusion 最後，總之
on condition （that） 如果
in consequence of 由於…的緣故，因為
on the contrary 正相反
in contrast with／to 與…對比起來，與…形成對比
out of control 失去控制
out of danger 脫離危險
2.動詞+名詞
have／gain access to 可以獲得
take…into account 考慮到，顧及，體諒
take advantage of 占…的便宜，利用
pave the way （for） 鋪平道路，為…作準備
pay attention to 注意
do／try one『s best 盡力，努力
get／have the best of 戰勝
make the best of 充分利用
get／have the better of 戰勝，在…中占上風
catch one『s breath 屏息；喘氣，氣喘；歇口氣
take care 注意，當心
take care of 愛護，照料
take a chance 冒險，投機
take charge 開始管理，接管
keep…company 陪伴
take （a） delight in 以…為樂
make a difference 有影響，起（重要）作用
carry／bring／put into effect 使生效，實行，實現
come／go into effect 生效，實施
take effect 生效，起作用
catch sb『s eye 被某人看到，引起某人注意
keep sb『s head 保持鎮靜
in the world 究竟，到底
lose sb『s head 慌亂，倉皇失措
lose heart 喪失勇氣，失去信心
get／catch／take hold of 抓住，得到
keep house 管理家務
throw／cast light on／upon 使人了解，鏈灶粗闡明
bear／keep in mind 記住
have in mind 考慮到，想到
make up one『s mind 下定決心，打定主意
bring／put into operation 實施，使生效，使運行
Ⅱ 大學英語四級高頻詞彙搭配總結
新四六級詞彙綜合部分的關鍵考點，來自於以往歷年真題所重復考到的詞彙搭配。為幫助考生在短期內做到有效地復習積累，現總結如下：
英語詞彙的搭配能力很強。一動詞與一介詞連用，就會組成一個意義與這個動詞和介詞不同的動詞短語。英語中有著豐富的動詞短語、介詞短語和形容詞短語，尤其是動詞短語，數量多而又不能顧名思義。短語辨析題考查考生對大綱要求的動詞短語、介詞短語和形容詞短語的掌握程度，也是考生普遍感到困難的題型。若想掌握好這些短語，除了平時要注意積累，同時還應多用、多聯想。某個短語我們用多了，接觸多了，自然就會把它給記住、掌握好。接觸到某個短語，我們不妨把它同與其有一定聯系的短語聯系起來。例如，看到foul up（把……弄糟），我們可聯想到同義短語mess up；看到first and foremost（首要的），我們可聯想到above all和first of all。
此外，還要盡可能地摸索一些理解或記憶的規律，這主要是針對介滾橘茄詞或副詞而言的。一般說來，短語的含義與短語中的介詞或副詞有著密切關系。
例如，off表示"離開"，所以就有clear off（使走開），come off（從……離開），keep off（使離開，不接近），set off（動身前往），make off（逃跑），take off（起飛），turn off（避開困難、問題等）。由"離開"之意又可引申為"（使）消失、消除、解除"，如 call off（取消），clear off（消除、擺脫煩惱或負擔），lay off（停止工作或活動，暫時解僱），pass off（疼痛消失），sell off（廉價處理存貨）。由"消失"等意又進一步引申出"（使）結束，完結"，如break off（斷絕關系，停止講話）， come off（結束），cut off（切斷），turn off（關閉）等。
下面具體舉真題為例，向大家詳細分析：
【例1】They have decided to physical punishment in all local schools．（CET-6，2002．6） A）put away B）break away from C）do away with D）pass away
【分析】答案為C。根據題干我們可以推測句意應為"他們已經決定在當地所有學校中廢除體罰"。do away with意為"廢除，取消"，正合題意；put away意為"把收起，收好，貯存"；break away from意為"突然改變，放棄，大察背離"；pass away多為不及物用法，意為"停止，去世"。
【例2】The wood was so rotten that when we pulled，it into fragments．（CET-6，2000．1） A）broke away B）broke off C）broke up D）broke through
【分析】答案為C。break up意為"打碎，破裂，分裂"，正合題意；本句意為"木頭爛成這樣，以至於我們一拉，它就變成了碎片"；break away意為"逃跑（尤指突然的行為），分離"；break off意為"終止"，也含突然之意；break through意為"穿越，突破"。
【例3】
I don't think that this question is subordinate the main aim ofour company．（CET-6，1996．1） A）with B）to C）for D）on
【分析】答案為B。介詞to經常見於表示"服從；遭受"意義的短語，如：be subject to（使服從，使遭受），be subordinate to（服從的，從屬於的），yield to（投降，聽從，服從），submit to（使服從，甘受），bend to（使服伍州從），comform to（遵照，遵守）等。
【例4】
Astronauts are all kinds of tests before they are actually sent up in a spacecraft．（CET-6， 2002．6） A）inclined to B）subjected to C）prone to D）bound to
【分析】答案為B。be subjected to指"接受，經受，遭受"，符合題意。又如：The students were subjected to an examination．（學生們要經受一次考試。）be inclined to意為"易於，傾向於"；be prone to意為"易於"；be bound to意為"一定會，註定"。
Ⅲ 大學英語四級常用語法
大學英語四級常用語法
被動式: 當不定式的邏輯上的主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者時, 不定式一般要用被動形式.
It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.
She hated to be flattered.
He wanted the letter to be typed at once.
This is bound to be found out.
There are a lot of things to be done.
She was too young to be assigned such work.
功用: 不定式可以作主語 (a), 賓語 (b), 表語 (c), 定語 (d) 或是狀語 (e).
a. To scold her would not be just.
b. We are planning to build a reservoir here.
c. One of our main tasks now is to mechanize agriculture.
d. Do you have anything to declare?
e. We have come to learn from you.
不帶to 的不定式:
在「動詞+ 賓語+不定式」結構中, 如果動詞是表示感覺意義的see, hear, watch, smell, feel, notice等, 或是表示「致使」意義的 have, make, let等, 其後的不定式結構不帶to.
John made her tell him everything.
這類結構轉換為被動語態時, 後面的不帶to 的不定式一般還原為帶to 的不定式.
She was made to tell him everything.
在 had better, had best, would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might (just) as well, cannot but 等搭配之後, 動詞不定式也不帶to.
I'd rather not have eggs and bacon for breakfast.
They cannot but accept his term.
在make do, make believe, let drop, let fall, let fly, let slip, let drive, let go of, let there be, hear say, hear tell, leave go of等固定搭配中, 用不帶to的動詞不定式.
John let fly a torrent of abuse at me.
I've heard tell of him.
在動詞help(或help +賓語)之後可用不帶to的不定式, 也可用帶to的不定式.
Can I help (to) lift this heavy box?
在介詞except, but 之後, 如果其前有動詞do的`某種形式, 不定式一般不帶to, 反之帶to.
There is nothing to do except wait till it stops raining.
Smith will do anything but work on a farm.
There's no choice but to wait till it stops raining.
連詞 rather than, sooner than 置於句首時, 其後的不定式不帶to.
Rather than push the book back as he wanted to do, he forced himself to pick it up.
出現在句中其他位置時, 其後的不定式有時帶to, 有時不帶to.
He decided to write rather than telephone.
The manager believes it is important to invest in new machinery rather than to increase wages.
用作補語的動詞不定式, 如果主語是由「all + 關系分句」，「thing +關系分句」，「what分句」或「thing +不定式結構」等構成，並帶有do的某種形式，這時，作為主語補語的不定式可以省to，也可以不省.
What he will do is (to) spoil the whole thing.
All you do now is complete the form
The only thing I can do now is go on by myself.
The thing to do now is clear up this mess.
The least I can do is drive everybody else closer to the issue.
1. The children went there to watch the iron tower _D_.
A to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected
watch 看電視用，看比賽用; see 看電影用;
感官動詞watch， see， hear; 感官動詞 + 名詞(代詞)+ do
be erected 強調的是動作的結果; being erected 強調的是動作的過程。
2. The engine _D_ smoke and steam.
A gives up B gives in C gives away D gives off
give up 放棄; give in 屈服，讓步; give off 釋放，放出(煙和氣體);
give away 泄露，走漏風聲;婚禮中新郎的父親把新娘的手交給新郎的過程;贈送禮品。
3. The manager promised to keep me _C_ of how our business was going on.
A to be informed B on informing C informed D informing
keep sb. + 分詞; inform v. 通知，告知; inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某件事情
keep me informed 使我被告知。
4. The goals _B_ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
A after which B for which C with which D at which
fight with sb. (注意要看整個句子); fight with + 工具 用該工具來打仗。 fight for 為…而戰。
I fight with him. 我和他打起來了。 I fight with him against her. 我和他並肩對付她。
5. They _C_ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.
A carried out B carried off C carried on D carried forward
in spite of 盡管; carry on 堅持，繼續。
6. I should like to rent a house， modern， comfortable and _B_ in a quiet neighborhood.
A all in all B above all C after all D over all
all in all 總而言之;above all 首先，尤其是;after all 畢竟，終究;overall 全面的，總體的
in a word 總之，in short 簡而言之，in conclusion 最後，總之，to sum up總之，總而言之。
7. _B_ we have finished the course， we shall start doing more revision work.
A For now B Now that C Ever since D By now
now that 既然，由於(相當於since); ever since 自從…以來。
與that搭配且後面可以加句子的幾個表達形式：
now that 既然，由於; in that 因為; except that 除…之外。
except後面加名詞或代詞;except that後面加句子。
8. What you have done is _D_ the doctor』s orders.
A attached to B responsible to C resistant to D contrary to
be attached to 連接，附屬; This school is attached to Beida. 這所學校附屬於北大。
responsible to 對…負有責任; resistant adj. 反抗的，抵抗的; water resistant 防水的。
be contrary to 與。。相反(相違背)。
9. John regretted _A_ to the meeting last week.
A not going B not to go C not having been going D not to be going
regret doing 後悔做過某事; regret to do sth. 遺憾的做某事(應用語境非常有限)。
10. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _B_.
A out of work B out of stock C out of reach D out of practice
out of work 失業; out of reach 夠不著 within reach 夠得著; out of practice 缺乏練習。
;Ⅳ 大學英語四級考試固定搭配詞彙講解
大學英語四級考試固定搭配詞彙講解
一、以動詞為中心詞的固定搭配
1．動詞＋名詞／代詞＋介詞
Thoughherparents＿＿hermusicalability，Jerrilou』spianoplayingisreallyterrible．
A）pourscornonB）heappraiseuponC）giveventtoD）castlightupon
【解析】B）。四個以動詞為中心詞的固定搭配的意思分別是：A）pourscornon以鄙夷的口氣說；B）heappraiseupon對……大加贊揚；C）giveventto發泄，傾吐；D）castlightupon使……清楚些。B）符合句意。句意為：盡管傑麗歐的父母對她的音樂才能大加贊揚，但她鋼琴彈得實在太差。
．Don』tletyourattentionwander．你要專心聽老師講課，不要開小差。
這類固定搭配多是以keep，make，get，take等幾個"萬能動詞"為中心詞，常見的這類搭配有：keepaneyeon（留心，照料），makeanendof（結束），takeadvantageof（利用），getridof（擺脫，除去）等。
2倍詞＋介詞to＋doingsth．
因為to既可以是不定式符號，後面跟動詞原形，又可以是介詞，後面接名詞或動名詞，所以兩者常常容易混淆，這也是四級考試的常見項目。例如：
＿＿＿＿amatchwithoutastandardcourt．
A）objectedtohavingB）wereobjectedtohave
C）objectedtohaveD）wereobjectedtohaving
【解析】A）。objecttodoingsth．是固定搭配，其中to為介詞，意思是"反對（做）……"。句意為：比賽取消了，因為大多數人反對在沒有標准球場的情況下舉行比賽。
這類固定搭配常見的有：amountto（等於），applyto（運用於，應用），objectto（反對），resortto（採取），taketo（著手，開始），seeto（留意），admitto（承認）等。
3倍詞＋名詞（反身代詞）＋to＋doing
．我們應該不遺餘力地使我們國家富強起來。
此外還有：loseone』sheartto（專心致志於），turnone』sattentionto（把注意力轉到），devoteoneselfto（獻身，熱愛），setone』smindto（一心想要）等。
二、以名詞為中心詞的固定搭配
1．名詞＋介詞
Itwasdifficulttoguesswhather＿＿＿tothenewswouldbe．
A）impressionB）reactionC）commentD）opinion
【解析】B）。本題考查名詞與介詞的固定搭配。選項中的四個名詞只有B）reaction可以與介詞to搭配。reactionto意為"對……的反應"。句意為：很難猜測她對這一消息會有什麼反應。
這類"名詞＋介詞"的搭配常見的有：introctionto（對……的介紹），interestin（對……的興趣），influenceon（對……的影響），impressionof（對……的印象）等。
2．介詞＋名詞
Childrenareverycurious＿＿＿＿
A）atheartB）inpersonC）onpurposeD）bynature
【解析】D）。本題考查以名詞為中心詞的固定搭配的辨義。四個選項的意思分別是：A）atheart內心裡；B）inperson本人，親自；C）onpurpose故意地；D）bynature天生地。根據題意選D）。句意為：孩子天生好奇。
這類"介詞＋名詞"的搭配常見的有：byaccident（偶爾），onty（值班），infact（事實上），onfoot（步行）等。
3．介詞＋名詞＋介詞
Willallthose＿＿＿theproposalraisetheirhands？
A）inrelationtoB）incontrasttoD）inexcessofD）infavorof
【解析】D）。本題考查四個以名詞為中心詞的搭配的辨義。四個短語的.意思分別是：A）inrelationto和……相關；B）incontrastto與……形成對照；C）inex-cessof超過；D）infavorof贊成，支持。根據題意應選D）。句意為：贊成這項提議的人，請舉手好嗎？
這類"介詞＋名詞＋介詞"的搭配常見的有：bywayof（經由），inadditionto（除……之外），inreplyto（答復），onthebasisof（根據）等。
4．動詞＋名詞
＿＿＿＿．
A）takeseffectB）takespartC）takesplaceD）takesturns
【解析】A）。本題考查四個"動詞＋名詞"的固定搭配的辨義。四個短語的意思分別是：A）takeseffect生效，起作用；B）takespart參加；C）takesplace發生，舉行；D）takesturns輪流，依次。根據句意應選A）。句意為：我們校長的新任期從下學期一開始就生效。
這類"動詞＋名詞"的搭配常見的有：takecare（小心），makeaface（做鬼臉），makesense（言之有理）等。
;Ⅳ 英語四級語法基礎知識必備（07）
全部倒裝和部分倒裝: 如果謂語在主語前面, 就是倒裝語序. 倒裝語序又分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝. 在全部倒裝的句子中, 整個謂語都放在主語的前面:
Here are some registered letters for you.
In came a man with a white beard.
在部分倒裝的句子中只是謂語中的一部分(如助動詞, 情態動詞, 或系動詞be等)放在主語前面, 其餘部分仍在主語後面:
Under no circumstances must a soldier leave his post.
I couldn』t answer the question. Nor could anyone else in our class.
Only in this way is it possible to accomplish the above-mentioned glorious task.
以neither, nor, so等開始的句子: 由so引起的表示前面所說情況也適用於另一人(或東西)的句子(肯定句), 由neither, nor引起的表示前面所說情況也適用於另一人(或東西)的句子(否定句), 助動詞或be置於主語前.
「We must start for the work-site now」. 「So must we.」
I am quite willing to help and so are the others.
He didn』t drop any hint. Nor (Neither) did his secretary.
「I won』t do such a thing.」 「Nor (Neither) will I.」
如果一個句子只是重復前面一句話的意思, 盡管是用so開頭, 語序也不要顛倒.
「It was cold yesterday.」 「So it was.」
「Tomorrow will be Monday.」 「So it will.」
當句首狀語為never, little, not only, not until, hardly, scarcely等否定詞或有否定意義的詞語時, 一般引起部分倒裝.
No longer are they staying with us.
No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill.
Under no circumstances could I agree to such a principle.
表示位置或方向的副詞提前, 謂語動詞為go, come等表示位置轉移的動作動詞而主語又較長時, 通常用全部倒裝:
There was a sudden gust of wind and away went his hat.
The door burst open and I rushed the crowd.
There comes the bus!
Now comes your turn.
1.如果主語是代詞, 仍用正常語序:
There comes your turn.
有here引起, 謂語為be的句子, 也要倒裝:
Here is China』s largest tropical forest.
Here are some picture-books.
2.如果主語是代詞, 仍用正常語序:
Here we are. This is the new railway station.
「Give me some paper.」 「Here you are.」
3.表語和系動詞提前:
介詞短語: On the other side was northern Xinjiang.
Near the southern end of the village was a large pear orchard.
形容詞: Very important in the farmer』s life is the radio weather report.
Worst of all were the humiliations he suffered.
副詞: Below is a restaurant.
Southwest of the reservoir were 2,000 acres of sandy wasteland.
分詞: Housed in the Cultural Palace are a library, an auditorium and recreation rooms.
Hidden underground is a wealth of gold, silver, copper, lead and zink.
Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 17.
Standing beside the table was an interpreter.
4 句首狀語若由only + 副詞, only + 介詞片語, only + 狀語從句構成, 引起局部倒裝:
Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.
Only through sheer luck did he manage to get some tickets.
Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end.
有not only開頭的句子或分句, 往往引起局部倒裝:
Not only did he complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.
Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadn』t done a very good repair job either.
vipabc費用
主謂一致
【專項訓練】
1、Nothing but cars in the shop.
A.is sold B.are sold C.were sold D.are going to sell
2、No one except Jack and Tom the answer.
A.know B.knows C.is knowing D.are known
3、Seventy percent of the students in our school from the countryside.
A.is B.are C.comes D.are coming
4、of the money used up.
A.Three-five, are B.Three-fifths, have been
C.Three-fifths, has been D.Third-fifths, is
5、The number of the people who cars increasing.
A.owns, are B.owns, is C.own, is D.own, are
6、One of Marx』s works written in English in the 1860s.
A.was B.were C.would be D.are
7、The sheets for your bed washing.
A.needs B.are needing C.want D.are wanting
8、On each side of the street a lot of trees.
A.stands B.grow C.is standing D.are grown
9、Some person calling for you at the gate.
A.are B.is C.is being D.will be
10、All that can be eaten up.
A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have been
參考答案：
1、A 因有連詞but，所以謂語形式跟Nothing一致，用第三人稱單數。
2、B 同上
3、B
4、C
5、C 定語從句看被修飾的先行詞：the number of作主語用單數形式。
6、A
7、C
8、B 倒裝句，要看後面的主語。
9、B some person指「某人」是第三人稱單數。見講解13。
10、B 主語「all」指的是「food」，所以代不可數名詞，是第三人稱單數。
新東方英語培訓費用
被動式: 當不定式的邏輯上的主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者時, 不定式一般要用被動形式.
It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.
She hated to be flattered.
He wanted the letter to be typed at once.
This is bound to be found out.
There are a lot of things to be done.
She was too young to be assigned such work.
功用: 不定式可以作主語(a), 賓語(b), 表語(c), 定語(d) 或是狀語(e).
a. To scold her would not be just.
b. We are planning to build a reservoir here.
c. One of our main tasks now is to mechanize agriculture.
d. Do you have anything to declare?
e. We have come to learn from you.
不帶to 的不定式:
在「動詞+ 賓語+不定式」結構中, 如果動詞是表示感覺意義的see, hear, watch, smell, feel, notice等, 或是表示「致使」意義的have, make, let等, 其後的不定式結構不帶to.
John made her tell him everything.
這類結構轉換為被動語態時, 後面的不帶to 的不定式一般還原為帶to 的不定式.
She was made to tell him everything.
在had better, had best, would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might (just) as well, cannot but 等搭配之後, 動詞不定式也不帶to.
I'd rather not have eggs and bacon for breakfast.
They cannot but accept his term.
在make do, make believe, let drop, let fall, let fly, let slip, let drive, let go of, let there be, hear say, hear tell, leave go of等固定搭配中, 用不帶to的動詞不定式.
John let fly a torrent of abuse at me.
I've heard tell of him.
在動詞help(或help +賓語)之後可用不帶to的不定式, 也可用帶to的不定式.
Can I help (to) lift this heavy box?
在介詞except, but 之後, 如果其前有動詞do的某種形式, 不定式一般不帶to, 反之帶to.
There is nothing to do except wait till it stops raining.
Smith will do anything but work on a farm.
There's no choice but to wait till it stops raining.
連詞rather than, sooner than 置於句首時, 其後的不定式不帶to.
Rather than push the book back as he wanted to do, he forced himself to pick it up.
出現在句中其他位置時, 其後的不定式有時帶to, 有時不帶to.
He decided to write rather than telephone.
The manager believes it is important to invest in new machinery rather than to increase wages.
用作補語的動詞不定式, 如果主語是由「all + 關系分句」，「thing +關系分句」，「what分句」或「thing +不定式結構」等構成，並帶有do的某種形式，這時，作為主語補語的不定式可以省to，也可以不省.
What he will do is (to) spoil the whole thing.
All you do now is complete the form
The only thing I can do now is go on by myself.The thing to do now is clear up this mess.
The least I can do is drive everybody else closer to the issue.
必克英語學費