當前位置:首頁 » 英文單詞 » 我記得你喜歡足球英語怎麼說

我記得你喜歡足球英語怎麼說

發布時間: 2025-05-21 01:54:06

『壹』 關於英語定語從句的翻譯

1、This is the singer about whom they always talk.
2、I still remember the days ring which i lived in the countryside.
3、There are a lot of books in my study,some of which are written in English.
4、
定語從句的翻譯
英語中,定語從句分成限制性從句與非限制性從句兩種。他們在英語中的位置一般是在其所修飾的先行詞後面。
限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句的其別只是在於限制意義的強弱。而漢語中定語作為修飾語通常在其所修飾的詞前面,並且沒有限制意義的強弱之分,因此,限制與非限制在翻譯中並不起十分重要的作用。
英語中多用結構復雜的定語從句,而漢語中修飾語則不宜臃腫。所以,在翻譯定語從句時,一定要考慮到漢語的表達習慣。
從結構上分析,常見的定語從句翻譯方法:
一、前置法:把定語從句翻譯到所修飾的先行詞前面,可以用「的」來連接。
既然定語從句的意義是作定語修飾語,所以在翻譯的時候,通常把較短的定語從句譯成帶「的」的前置定語,翻譯在定語從句的先行詞前面。
He who has nevertasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.
沒有吃過苦的人不知道什麼是甜。
Space and oceans are thenew world which scientists are trying to explore.
太空和海洋是科學家們努力探索的新領域。
His laughter, whichwas infectious, broke the silence.
他那富有感染力的笑聲打破了沉寂。
Harmonious interpersonalrelationship is the primary reason why I enjoy working here.
同事之間關系融洽是我喜歡在這工作的主要原因。

二、後置法:把定語從句翻譯在所修飾的先行詞後面,翻譯為並列分句。
英語的英語從句結構常常比較復雜,如果翻譯在其修飾的先行詞前面的話,會顯得定語太臃腫,而無法敘述清楚。這時,可以把定語從句翻譯在先行詞後面,譯成並列分句。翻譯時可以用兩種方法來處理:
(一)重復先行詞
由於定語從句的先行詞通常在定語從句中充當句子成分,如果單獨把定語從句翻譯出來的話,常常需要重復先行詞,還可以用代詞代替先行詞來重復。
China and Japan reachedagreement on the issue of agriculture which was a major barrier for theirbilateral relation since 1996.
中日兩國最終就農業問題達成了協議,而農業問題自一九九六年起就是兩國關系發展的主要障礙。
We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the SpecialCommittee, whose activities deserve to be encouraged.
在我們對特別委員會表示滿意,特別委員會的工作應該受到鼓勵。
You, whosepredecessors scored initial success in astronomical research, have acquireda greater accomplishment in this respect.
你們的先輩在天文學研究方面取得了初步的成功,而你們現在則在這一方面獲得了更大的成就。
Although he is a green hand,he has enterprise and creativity which are decisive in winning success inthe field.
他雖然經驗不足,但很有進取心和創造力,而這正是在這一領域獲得成功的關鍵。(二)省略先行詞
如果把定語從句翻譯在先行詞後面,在「通順、完整」的前提下,有時候可以不用重復先行詞。
It is he who receivedthe letter that announced the death of your uncle.
是他接到那封信,說你的叔叔去世了。
They worked out anew method by which proction has now been rapidly increased.
他們制定出一種新方案,採用之後生產已迅速得到提高。
After dinner, the fourkey negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night.
飯後,四個主要談判人物繼續進行會談,一直談到深夜。
They worked out a new method bywhich efficiency has now been dramatically improved.
他們制訂出一種新方案,採用之後工作效率大大提高。

三、融合法:把定語從句和它所修飾的先行詞結合在一起翻譯。
融合法是指翻譯時把主句和定語從句融合成一句簡單句,其中的定語從句譯成單句中的謂語部分。由於限制性定語從句與主句關系較緊密,所以,融合法多用於翻譯限制性定語從句。
A.定語從句的主句里有「there be」、「to be」等動詞時,可以把原句中的主語和定語從句融合在一起,譯成簡單句。例如:
There is a mandownstairs who wants to see you.
樓下有人要見你。(原句中的主句部分there is a man翻譯成「有人」,然後將定語從句譯成句子的謂語部分。)
There are some students in the class whodislike studying.
在班上總有一些學生不愛學習。
This is the very knife whichhe used to murder the victim.
他就是用這把刀謀殺了受害人。
This was the period whenNewton began the research which resulted in the creation of his famous Theory ofGravity.
就在這期間,牛頓開始了一項研究。經過這項研究,他創立了著名的重力理論。

B.定語從句的動詞在整個復合句中分量較重,可將其主句壓縮成片語譯作主語,而把定語從句的動詞譯作其謂語。例如:
He had great success infootball which made him an idol in the eyes of every football player.
他在足球領域取得的成就使他成為每一個足球運動員的偶像。

四、分譯法:分譯法是指將主句和從句分開翻譯的一種方法,主要用於較長的非限制性定語從句里。
採用這種方法可避免句子的冗長和累贅。有些定語從句在修飾關繫上與先行詞之間關系顯得較為疏遠,這時,我們通常會將定語從句譯成獨立的句子。
One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst Ihad ever seen, which obscured my objective.
有一次暴風驟雨,猛烈的程度實在是我平生所鮮見的。這場暴風雨遮住了我的目標。
Nevertheless the problem was solved successfully, which showed that thecomputations were accurate.
不過問題還是圓滿地解決了,這說明計算是很精確的。

從定語從句的性質和功能分析,翻譯方法:
A.表原因
The manager was giving adinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk to or to hear from.
經理只宴請了幾個人,因為他特別想和這些人談談,聽聽他們的意見。
No one in the company likestheir boss, who is stingy and bad-tempered.
公司里沒人喜歡他們的老闆,因為他脾氣暴躁、人又小氣。
B.表結果
The two countries established formal diplomatic relation, which paved the wayfor the further communication.
兩國正式建立了外交關系,從而為雙方進一步的交流鋪平了道路。
They quarreled with each othereveryday, which led to their divorce.
他們夫妻二人天天吵架,最終導致離婚。
C.表讓步
He insisted on buying anothercar, which he actually didn』t need..
他堅持要再買一輛車,盡管他並不需要。
My father, who thought itmight not work, supported me.
盡管父親認為這個辦法可能不會起作用,但還是支持我。
D.表目的
This company, which wants to gettheir new proct sold well in the market, is trying hard to perfect itspacking and workmanship.
為了使新產品在市場熱銷,這個公司正在全力改進工藝和外包裝。
E.表轉折
She is quite considerate andkind, which her younger sister never is.
她非常善良,體貼,而她妹妹卻從不這樣。
To succeed in this area, oneneeds profound knowledge and experience, which few has.
要想在這一領域取得成功,需要淵博的知識及豐富的經驗,而很少有人能具備這兩點。
F.表條件或假設
A new proct which hasbeautiful packing, good quality and advertising may very likely be a hit inmarket
一種新產品,只要包裝精美,質量過硬,宣傳得力,就能在市場中熱銷。
Any one who works hard andnever gives up will succeed.
任何人,只要努力工作永不放棄,就能夠成功。

獨立主格結構主要用於描繪性文字中,其作用相當於一個狀語從句,常用來表示時間、原因、條件、行為方式或伴隨情況等。例如:表示時間
The meeting being over, all of uswent home. 開完會後我們都回家了。
Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她幹完了活,坐下來喝茶。
表示條件
The condition being favourable, he maysucceed. 若條件有利,他或許能成功。
表示原因
There being no taxis, we had towalk. 沒有計程車,我們只好步行。
He wrappedher up with great care,the night beingdark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得嚴嚴實實的。
表示伴隨情況
Almost allmetals are good conctors,silver beingthe best of all. 幾乎所有的金屬都是良導體,而銀則是最好的導體。(=Almostall metals are good conctors, and silver is the best of all.)

獨立主格結構主要表示謂語動詞發生的時間、原因、條件或伴隨情況等,相當於一個狀語從句或並列句。
用作時間狀語
The work done(=After the work had been done), we wenthome. 工作完成後,我們就回家了。
用作條件狀語
Weather permitting(=Ifweather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天氣允許的話,他們將在明天組織一次海濱小游。
用作原因狀語
An important lecture to be given tomorrow(=Asan important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up lateinto the night. 因為明天要發表一個重要的演講,教授不得不熬夜到很晚。
用作伴隨狀語
He waslying on the grass,his hands crossender his head(=and his hands were crossed under his head).他躺在草地上,將兩手交叉枕在腦後。
用作補充說明
Weredoubled our efforts,each man workinglike two. 我們加倍努力,一個人干兩個人的活。
*註:獨立主格結構表示時間、條件或原因時,相當於一個狀語從句,一般放在句首,表示原因時還可放在句末;表伴隨狀況或補充說明時,相當於一個並列句,通常放於句末。

一般獨立主格形式
與主句邏輯關系鬆散
形式為: n. + -ed/-ing形式; n. +不定式;n. +介詞短語; n. +形容詞;n. +副詞;
名詞/主格代詞+現在分詞
名詞/主格代詞與現在分詞之間是主動關系。
如:
The girl staring at him(= As thegirl stared at him), he didn't know what to say. 姑娘兩眼望著他,他不知道說什麼好。
Time permitting(= If time permits), we will go for anouting tomorrow. 如果時間允許的話,我們明天去郊遊。
名詞/主格代詞+過去分詞
名詞/主格代詞與過去分詞之間是被動關系。
如:
The problems solved(= As theproblems were solved), the quality has been improved. 隨著問題的解決,質量已經提高了。
Her glasses broken(= Becauseher glasses were broken), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard. 由於眼鏡摔壞了,她看不見黑板上的字。
名詞/主格代詞+不定式
名詞/主格代詞與不定式之間是主動關系,且強調的是一次具體性的動作。
如:
He is goingto make a model plane,some old parts tohelp. 藉助於一些舊零件,他要做一個飛機模型。
They saidgood-bye to each other,one to go home,the other to go to the bookstore. 他們道別後,一個回了家,一個去了書店。
名詞/主格代詞+形容詞
如:
An airaccident happened to the plane,nobodyalive. 那架飛機遭遇了空難,無一人生還。
So many people absent, themeeting had to be called off. 這么多人缺席,會議不得不取消。
名詞/主格代詞+副詞
如:
He put onhis sweater ,wrong side out. 他把毛衣穿反了。
The meeting over, they all went home. 會議一結束,他們就都回家了。
名詞/主格代詞+介詞短語
如:
The boygoes to the classroom,book in hand. 那男孩手裡拿著書去教室。
Mary wassitting near the fire,her back towardsthe door.瑪麗靠近火爐坐著,背對著門。
名詞/主格代詞+名詞
His first shot failure,he fired again.
他第一槍沒擊中,又打了一槍。
Two hundred people died in the accident, many of themchildren.
兩百人死於事故,其中有許多兒童。
-with 引導的獨立主格:與主句邏輯關系緊密
形式為: with + n. + -ed/-ing形式;with + n. +adj.; with +n. +介詞短語
with ( without)+賓語(名詞/代詞)+賓語補足語,賓語通常由名詞或代詞充當,但代詞一定要用賓格。上文的獨立主格結構的幾種情況都適用於此結構。
The girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it was.
小女孩把盒子藏了起來,沒有人知道它在哪裡。(without +名詞/代詞+動詞的-ing形式)
Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room.
她沒再說什麼話就離開了會議室。(without+名詞/代詞+動詞的-ed形式)
The kid feels excited with so many places of interest tovisit.
有這么多的名勝可參觀,小孩很激動。(with+名詞/代詞+動詞不定式)
The boy was walking, with his father ahead.
父親在前,小孩在後走著。(with+名詞/代詞+副詞)
He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand. 或Hestood at the door, computer in hand.
他站在門口,手裡拿著一部電腦。(with+名詞/代詞+介詞短語)
With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy.
由於兒子如此令人失望,老人感到很不快樂。(with+名詞/代詞+形容詞)
在with (without) 的復合結構中,多數情況下with能省略,但without 不能省略。
-each引導的強調型獨立主格:
形式為:句子 +復數名詞結尾 , each +介詞短語/形容詞短語/名詞短語/-ing形式/-ed形式
這種獨立主格結構為了強調句尾的復數名詞
如:
Under the restructuring, the huge organization that operatesthe company's basic businesses will be divided into five groups,each with its own executive.(題源:《GMAT語法全解》白勇著,Page38)
-Therebeing +名詞(代詞)
There being nothing else to do, we went home. 沒有別的事可做,我們就回家了。
There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 沒有再要討論的事了,我宣布散會。
-It being +名詞(代詞)
It being Christmas, thegovernment offices were closed. 由於聖誕節的緣故,政府機關都休息。
It being a holiday, all theshops were shut. 由於今天是假日,所有商店都關門了。

熱點內容
乖常英語怎麼說及英語單詞 發布:2025-05-21 06:34:52 瀏覽:493
有所增加用英語怎麼翻譯 發布:2025-05-21 06:25:41 瀏覽:478
第二心音英語怎麼說及英語單詞 發布:2025-05-21 06:20:12 瀏覽:939
英語作文範文怎麼寫 發布:2025-05-21 06:12:29 瀏覽:963
憎惡不喜歡的英語怎麼讀 發布:2025-05-21 06:10:37 瀏覽:97
我不喜歡跳高的英語怎麼寫 發布:2025-05-21 06:08:10 瀏覽:833
說的很對英語怎麼翻譯 發布:2025-05-21 05:44:53 瀏覽:115
讓座怎麼表達英語作文 發布:2025-05-21 05:43:26 瀏覽:727
91000平方米用英語怎麼翻譯 發布:2025-05-21 05:42:04 瀏覽:302
該怎麼寫英語作文呢 發布:2025-05-21 05:42:02 瀏覽:76