數模轉換器英語怎麼說及英文單詞

A. 中文翻英文

(花了九牛二虎之力翻的，可能有些專業術語不對，見諒)
... per step are possible.
……每一步都是有可能發生的。
As a digital-to-analog converter proces unwanted ohmic heat in the controller, pulse-width molation is used instead to regulate the mean current.
由於數字-模擬轉換器會在控制器內產生多餘的歐姆熱，人們改用脈沖寬度調制來控制平均電流。
Simpler models switch voltage only for doing a step, thus needing an extra current
limiter: for every step, they switch a single cable to the motor.
較簡單的型號僅靠一步來轉換電壓（每步都要給馬達轉換一條單獨的線），因此需要額外的限流器。
Bipolar controllers can switch between supply voltage, ground, and unconnected.
雙極控制器能夠在工作電源，地線和未連接的電線之間切換
Unipolar controllers can only connect or disconnect a cable, because the voltage is already hard wired.
單極控制器只能連接或斷開接線，因為電源接線是固定的。
Unipolar controllers need center-tapped windings.
單極控制器需要中心抽頭繞組。
It is possible to drive unipolar stepper motors with bipolar drivers.
使用多極驅動器可以驅動單極步進馬達。
The idea is to connect the output pins of the driver to 4 transistors.
該方法是將驅動器的輸出插腳鏈接到4晶體管。
The transistor must be grounded at the emitter and the driver pin must be connected to the base.
晶體管必須接地在發射器上，並且驅動器插腳必須連接到基座上。
Collector is connected to the coil wire of the motor.
集電環需要連接到馬達的線圈上。
Stepper motors are rated by the torque they proce.
步進馬達依靠自身產生的扭矩達到額定。
Synchronous electric motors using soft magnetic materials (having a core) have the ability to provide position holding torque (called detent torque, and sometimes included in the specifications) while not driven electrically.
使用軟性磁力材料（有核心的）同步電動馬達當沒有通電時能夠產生鎖定位置的扭矩（稱為「detent torque」，「定子鎖住轉子的力矩」，有時包含在說明書里）。
To achieve full rated torque, the coils in a stepper motor must reach their full rated current ring each step.
要達到完全額定扭矩，步進馬達里的線圈必須在每一步達到完全額定電流。
The voltage rating (if there is one) is almost meaningless.
額定電壓（如果有）幾乎是毫無意義的。
The motors also su_er from EMF, which means that once the coil is turned on it starts to generate current because the motor is still rotating.
[單詞無完整]，也就是說一旦線圈開啟，馬達將開始產生電流，因為馬達仍然在轉動。
There needs to be an explicit way to handle this extra current in a circuit otherwise it can cause damage and affect performance of the motor.
要應付這種電路里的額外電流，需要詳盡的方法。否則它將引起故障並影響馬達性能
6.1.2 Applications
6.1.2 應用
Computer-controlled stepper motors are one of the most versatile forms of positioning systems, particularly when digitally controlled as part of a servo system.
電腦控制的步進馬達是最多功能的定位系統之一，特別是當它成為伺服系統的數字化控制的一部分時。
Stepper motors are used in floppy disk drives, flat bed scanners, printers, plotters and many more devices.
步進馬達用於軟碟機、平板式掃描儀、列印機、繪圖儀等多種設備。
Note that hard drives no longer use stepper motors to position the
read/write heads, instead utilising a voice coil and servo feedback for head positioning.
要注意硬碟已經不再使用步進馬達進行讀寫頭的定位，取而代之的是使用音圈和伺服回饋來定位讀寫頭。
Stepper motors can also be used for positioning of valve pilot stages, for uid
control systems.
步進馬達也可用來定位閥的樣品試制階段和UID控制系統。
(花了九牛二虎之力翻的，可能有些專業術語不對，見諒)