初中英語怎麼講被動語態

『壹』 初中英語被動語態

1-1 當句子的主語為動作的承受者即受動者，動詞用被動語態。
Eg. John helped Peter. （John是動作的施行者，而Peter是動作的承受者即承受者。）
 Peter was helped by John. （Peter是句子的主語，而且是動作的承受者，所以用被動語態。）
1-2 被動語態的構成：be + 動詞的過去分詞

2. 特別提醒：被動語態的時態和人稱的變動都是由動詞be作改變的，不論發生什麼改變，動詞的過去分詞(v+ed或不規則的分詞) 都不改變。時態用的助動詞和人稱代詞由被動語態句子中的主語，即動作的承受者，所決定。

2-1 Eg. He cleans the room everyday.
 The room is cleaned (by him) everyday.
(一般現在時的被動語態構成: is / am / are + 動詞的過去分詞)

2-2 Eg. They have brought many toys since last week.
 Many toys have been brought (by them) since last week.
(現在完成時的被動語態構成：has/have + been + 動詞過去分詞。)

2-3 Eg. They are meeting the foreigners at the gate.
 The foreigners are being met (by them) at the gate.
(現在進行時的被動語態構成：is/ are/ am + being + 動詞過去分詞)

2-4 Eg. They will build some new buildings next year.
 Some new buildings will be built (by them) next year.
They are going to draw a new picture tomorrow.
 A new picture is going to be drawn tomorrow.
(一般將來時被動語態構成：will + be +動詞過去分詞, 或is/am/are going to +be + 動詞過去分詞)

2-5 Eg. Father has been painting the room all morning.
 The room has been being painted (by father) all morning.
(僅作了解：現在完成進行時的被動語態：has/ have + been+ being + 動詞過去分詞)

2-6 Eg. They wrote the book last year.
 The book was written (by them) last year.
（一般過去時的被動語態構成：was/ were+動詞過去分詞）

2-7 Eg. The children had broken the window when the teacher arrived.
 The windows had been broken (by the children) when the teacher arrived.
(過去完成時被動語態構成had + been + 動詞過去分詞。)

2-8 Eg. She was reading the book at 8:00 last night.
 The book was being read at 8:00 last night.
(過去進行時被動語態構成：was/ were being + 動詞過去分詞)
2-9 Eg. They said they would cook some food.
 They said some food would be cooked.
They said he was going to buy a new house.
 They said a new house was going to be bought.
(過去將來時被動語態構成：would +動詞過去分詞，或：was/were going to be + 動詞分詞)

2-10 Eg. He must finish the work in two days.
 The work must be finished in two days.
(情態動詞被動語態：must/have to/had better/ should/can/could/may/might/need to + be +動詞分詞)

3． 間接引語中的被動語態：
3-1 引述動詞是一般現在時的時候，引語的人稱根據引述動詞前面的主語而作調整，但時態不變。
Eg. He often says, 「 I was chosen to take part in the exam when I was twelve.」
 He often says he was chosen to take part in the exam when he was twelve. （人稱由引述動詞says前面的主語he 決定，但引語的時態不變。）

3-2 引述動詞為過去時態，引語部分的時態和人陳都按照引述部分進行改變。
Eg. He said, 「 My father has been hit by a car.」
He said his father had been hit by a car. (引語部分的時態和人稱都發生了改變。)

3-3 從上文可看出：引述動詞是過去時態時，被動語態形式的引語改動規則與主動語態形式的引語的改動規則一樣，但無論如何，只要是被動語態，它的動詞的過去分詞總是不改的。）

4．幾種特殊的情況需要特別注意：
4-1. 帶介詞的雙賓語可以有兩種改法：
eg. They gave him an apple.
 He was given an apple.
 An apple was given to him. (雙賓語中當直接賓語apple 作被動語態句子的主語時，要記得寫上介詞to。)
4-1-1這樣的動詞有：buy/make/cook sth for sb
或：show/bring/give/take/ send/write/… to sb.

4-2. 多詞動詞的被動語態：
eg. She looked after his children.
 His children were looked after (by her).
4-2-1這樣的動詞有：look after, look into, talk about, set up, put off, bring about, do away with, look forward to, take good care of 等等詞。

4-3 It is/was/has been said/reported/known + that + 從句

4-4 有些動詞在主動語態里不帶to，但改為被動語態時要還原to
make/see/have/hear/let sb do sth sb be made/seen/heard/let to do sth
eg. The boss made the workers work for a long time.
 The workers were made to work for a long time (by the boss).

4-5 有些動詞在主動語態中帶sb doing sth, 改為被動語態時仍用doing sth
eg. I heard him singing in his room. He was heard singing in his room.

4-6 特別區分：當句子中出現suddenly, 具體的時間時，用see/hear sb doing sth的形式
當句中出現often, always, sometimes, 或不具體的時間時，用see/hear sb do sth的形式。
Eg. 1) I often hear him sing in his room.
2) Yesterday I saw him cross the road.
3) Suddenly they heard someone crying in the forest.
4-7 不及物動詞沒有被動語態：happen, take place, begin, become, go, come
eg. Great changes have taken place in the last two years.
4-8 表靜態的動詞沒有被動語態：cost, last, agree with, own
4-9 主動形式表示被動意義，通常用於表示sth的功能或效用: write/wash/cut/use/sell/cook
eg. The cooker cooks well.
The washing machine washes well.

注意：動詞的搭配：
1．帶sb to do sth的動詞：allow/encourage/help/want/wish/ask/tell sb to do sth,
2．帶 to do sth 的動詞：hope/agree/decide/want/wish/prefer to do sth
3．帶 doing sth 的動詞：enjoy/practise/think about/doing sth
4．幾對特殊的例子：remember to do sth (記得要做，但還沒做)
remember doing sth (記得要做，而且做了)
forget to do sth ( 忘記要做，沒有做)
forget doing sth ( 做了，但忘記已經做了)
5．prefer doing sth to doing sth
6．look forward to doing sth
7．介詞後面用doing sth
8．動詞做句子的主語時用ing形式：Collecting stamps is interesting.

『貳』 初中英語被動語態

基本結構：be +過去分詞。要表示由某人做的，加by sb
時態和人稱要體現在be動詞上面內。
比如：那塊容蛋糕被我吃了。the cake was eaten by me.(過去時）
會議將在兩天後召開。the meeting will be held in two days. (將來時） 等等
初學者容易錯的是不知道該用被動形式。比如動詞填空時，所給詞填什麼形式，要考慮是否與主語是被動關系。比如：this kind of computer _______(sell) in many countries. 這里電腦和賣的關系是被動，一般現在時，主語為單數，所以填is sold.
被動語態難點很多，一兩句說不清，說太多了也不可能馬上記住。還是具體題目具體分析吧。

『叄』 初中英語被動語態構成及例句

在主動句中，復主語作為動作的執制行者：Masked thieves stole a valuable painting from the museum last naght.（昨天夜裡蒙面竊賊從博物館里盜走了一幅價值連城的油畫。）
將這個句子變為被動句時，動詞的賓語就成為主句：A valuable painting was stolen from the museum last night.（昨天夜裡博物館里一幅價值連城的油畫被盜了）
被動語態由助動詞be+動詞過去分詞構成：Museum security to be improved.（博物館安全有待加強）

『肆』 初中英語的疑問句的被動語態的用法

先了解被動語態的用法
被動語態的基本結構:助動詞be的各種時態形式+及物動詞的過去分詞.

1)當我們不知道動作的執行者或沒有必要說明動作的執行者時,用被動語態.
eg:Rice is grown in the south of China.中國南方種水稻.(一般現在時的被動語態)
就畫線部份為in the south of China
則疑問句:Where is rice grown ?

2)需要強調動作的承受者時,用被動語態.
eg:Your work must be finished today.你們的工作必須今天完成.(含情態動詞的被動語態)
就畫線部份為Your work
則疑問句:What must be finished today?

『伍』 初中英語語法被動語態

第一類:be(「是/存在」)動詞的各種時態結構：

一 般 現 在 時
I am….
You are.…
He/She/It is….
We/You/They are….

一 般 將 來 時
(1)(I等各人稱) will be….
(2)I am going to be…
He/She/It is going to be…
We/You/They are going to be…

現 在 完 成 時
I have been….
You have been….
She/he/It has been….
We/You/They have been….

一 般 過 去 時
I was….
You were.…
He/She/It was….
We/You/They were….

過 去 將 來 時
(1)(I等各人稱) would be….
(2)I was going to be…
He/She/It was going to be…
We/You/They were going to be…

過 去 完 成 時
I had been….
You had been….
She/he/It had been….
We/You/They had been….

第二類:行為動詞的各種時態結構:

一 般 現 在 時
動詞用原形(單三人稱動詞加s / es)
(問句和否定句借用助詞do / does)

一 般 過 去 時
動詞用過去式
(問句和否定句借用助詞did)

現 在 進 行 時
am +動詞-ing
is +動詞-ing
are +動詞-ing

過 去 進 行 時
was +動詞-ing
were +動詞-ing

一 般 將 來 時
(1)will + 動詞原形
(2)am +going to+動詞原形
Is +going to+動詞原形
are +going to+動詞原形

過 去 將 來 時
(1)would + 動詞原形
(2)was +going to+動詞原形
were +going to+動詞原形

現 在 完 成 時
have +過去分詞
has +過去分詞

過 去 完 成 時
had +過去分詞

『陸』 初中英語被動語態的規則

英語被動語態基本構成公式： be + 實義動詞的過去分詞。

1、一般現在時：am/is/are＋

2、一般過去時：was/were＋given

3、一般將來時：will/shall be＋given

4、過去將來時：would be＋given

5、現在進行時：am/is/are being＋given

6、過去進行時：was/were being＋given

7、現在完成時：has/have been＋given

8、過去完成時：had been＋given

9、將來完成時：will/shall have been＋given

英語中被動語態的構成不僅僅需要在實義動詞前添加詞語， 還需要 實義動詞的參與：該實義動詞要變成其過去分詞的形式。

提示： 只有實義動詞中的及物動詞才有被動語態的構成形式， 不及物動詞沒有被動語態的構成形成

中文句中的動詞不區分為謂語動詞和非謂語動詞， 但是英語句中的動詞有謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的區分， 也因英語中的被動語態結構有兩種形式： 謂語動詞的被動語態和非謂語動詞的被動語態。



(6)初中英語怎麼講被動語態擴展閱讀

1、am 、is、are 是be動詞在一般現在時態下的三種變化形式；

2、was、were是be動詞在一般過去時態下的兩種變化形式；

3、"has/have + 動詞過去分詞"是現在完成時態的構成形式。

被動語態的構成結構中一定要有助動詞be和實義動詞的過去分詞，為了滿足現在完成時態的構成要求，助動詞變成過去分詞(been)，與has/have構成現在完成時態。

同時be動詞（此時已經變成過去分詞been）與實義動詞的過去分詞構成被動語態，因此has/have been done既體現了現在完成時態的時態意義又表達出了被動意義，形成了現在完成完成時態的被動語態結構。

『柒』 初中英語被動語態結構

1：英語語態有主動語態和被動語態兩種。主動是動作的執行者，叫做主動語態；主語是動作的承受者，叫做被動語態。

Many people use computers. 許多人使用電腦。

Computers are used by many people. 電腦被許多人使用。

2：被動語態的基本結構是「be+及物動詞的過去分詞」（be + done）。Be有人稱，數和時態的變化。一般現在時的被動語態結構：主語+am/is/are+及物動詞的過去分詞。

3：一般現在時的被動語態的句式變化：

（1）肯定句：主語+am/is/are+及物動詞的過去分詞。

如：Cars are made by them. 汽車是由他們製造的。

（2）否定句：主語+am/is/are+not+及物動詞的過去分詞。

如：Cars are not made by them. 汽車不是由他們製造的。

（3）一般疑問句：Am/Is/Are+not+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞？

如：Are cars made by them? 汽車是由他們製造的嗎？

4：主動語態變成被動語態的三步曲：

（1）將主動結構的賓語變成被動結構的主語（賓語若為人稱代詞，賓格變成主格）。

（2）將主動結構的謂語動詞變成「be+及物動詞的過去分詞」形式（注意人稱，時態和數的變化）。

（3）在動詞的過去分詞之後加介詞by，再將主動結構中的主語放在by之後（若為人稱代詞，主格變成賓格）。

『捌』 初中英語被動語態構成及例句

在主動句中,主語作為動作的執行者：Masked thieves stole a valuable painting from the museum last naght.（昨天夜裡蒙面竊賊從博物館里盜走了專一幅價值連屬城的油畫.）
將這個句子變為被動句時,動詞的賓語就成為主句：A valuable painting was stolen from the museum last night.（昨天夜裡博物館里一幅價值連城的油畫被盜了）
被動語態由助動詞be+動詞過去分詞構成：Museum security to be improved.（博物館安全有待加強）

『玖』 初中英語被動語態是什麼時候教的

人教新目標版 初三 Unit3
標題：Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes
（一）被動語態的構成
1．被動語態的基本結構：be＋動詞過去分詞
2．各種時態的主動被動語態結構(以動詞do為例)

一般現在時
do/ does
am/ is/ are＋done
We clean the classroom.
The classroom is cleaned by us.

一般過去時
did
was/ were＋done
He made the kite.
The kite was made by him.

現在進行時
am/ is/are＋doing
am/ is/ are＋being done
She is watering flowers.
Flowers are being watered by her.

現在完成時
have/has＋done
have/ has＋been done
Jim has finished the work.
The work has been finished by Jim.

一般將來時
will/ shall/ be going to ＋do
will/ shall/ be going to＋be done
They will plant trees tomorrow.
Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.

過去進行時
was/ were＋doing
was/ were＋being＋done
She was writing a letter this time yesterday.
A letter was being written by her this time yesterday.

過去完成時
had＋done
had＋been＋done
Jim had finished the work.
The work had been finished by Jim.

過去將來時
would/ should/ be going to＋do
would/should/ be going to＋do
He said he would made a kite.
He said a kite would be made by him.

含有情態動詞
can/ may/ must＋do
can/may/must＋be＋done
I can find him.
He can be found by me.

（二）被動語態的用法

被動語態中主語是動作的承受者，主要用於下列幾種情況
1．不知道動作的執行者是誰。
e.g.This watch is made in China.
這塊手錶是在中國製造的。
2．沒有必要指出動作的執行者是誰。
e.g.More trees must be planted every year.
每年必須有更多的樹被種植。

3．需要強調或突出動作的承受者時。

e.g.Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.

世界上越來越多的人說漢語(強調漢語的使用廣泛)。

4．動作的發出者不是人時。

e.g.Many houses were washed away in the flood.

很多房屋在洪水中被沖走了。

（三）主動語態和被動語態的轉換

1．主動語態變被動語態：

（1）要將主動句里的賓語成分變為被動句中的主語成分，若主動句中的賓語是人稱代詞，要將賓格變主格。

（2）把主動句中的主語變為被動句中的賓語，主格變賓格，並由by引導。

（3）謂語動詞變成相應的被動形式。e.g.We asked him to sing an English song.

我們讓他唱一首英語歌。

He was asked to sing an English song by us.

他被我們要求唱一首英語歌。

2．帶雙賓語的謂語動詞變為被動語態

謂語動詞帶雙賓語時，既可以將間接賓語轉化成主語，也可接直接賓語轉化成主語。若將間接賓語轉化成主語，則保留直接賓語；若將直接賓語轉化成主語則保留間接賓語，且在被保留的間接賓語前加上介詞to或for。

e.g.She gave me a book. (變為被動語態)→

I was given a book. (間接賓語me改為主語)

A book was given to me. (育接賓語a book改為主語)

3．短語動詞變為被動語態

許多由不及物動詞構成的短語動詞，相當於及物動詞，可以有賓語，也可以有被動語態。注意：短語動詞是一個不可分割的整體，在變為被動語態時，不可丟掉構成短語動詞的介詞或副詞。

e.g.We should speak to old men politely. (變為被動語態)→

Old men should be spoken to politely. (to不可省略)

4．帶復合賓語的動詞變為被動語態

賓語加上賓語補足語一起構成復合賓語。變被動語態時，只把賓語變為被動句主語，賓語補足語保留在原處，成為主語補足語。

e.g.I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.(變為被動語態)→

Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.

5．被動語態後動詞形式的選擇

主動句中在感官動詞see、hear、watch、feel、notice等使役動詞, 也稱為感官動詞，let、make、here等動詞後跟省略to的不定式，變為被動句時，應加上不定式符號to。

e.g.He makes the girl stay at home.(改為被動結構)→

The girl is made to stay at home.

Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre.(改為同義句)→

They were heard to sing Peking Opera in that theatre last Sunday.

四句話：①主語變成賓語；

②賓語變成主語；

③動詞一分為二；

④時態體現在be動詞上。

（四）被動語態的一些特殊的運用形式

1．主動結構表被動意義

（1）open、lock、write、read、sell、clean、wash、cut、burn、drive等詞作不及物動詞時，它們的主語為物，可用主動語態表被動意義。

e.g.This kind of pen writes very smoothly.

這種筆寫起來很流暢。

This kind of shirt sells well here.

這種樣式的襯衫在這很好賣。

（2）look、sound、taste、smell等系動詞主動結構表被動意義。

e.g.Uniforms look ugly on us.

我們穿著制服很難看。

Mooncakes taste delicious.

月餅吃起來很好。

（3）be worth doing中，doing表被動意義。

e.g.This book is worth reading.

這本書值得一讀。

（4）want/ need/ require＋doing相當於want/ need/ require＋to be done。to be done表不定式的被動結構。

e.g.My bike needs repairing.= My bike needs to be repaired.

我的自行車需要修理。

（五）不用被動語態的情況

1．主動句的賓語是each other或反身代詞時，不能用於被動語態。

e.g.The man introced himself as Mr. White. (主動語態)

那個人自我介紹說他是懷特先生。

Himself was introced as Mr. White.(誤)

They help each other study English. (主動語態)

他們互相幫助學習英語。

Each other is helped study English. (誤)

2．當主動句的謂語動詞是表狀態的及物動詞時，不能用於被動語態。

e.g.We will have a meeting.

我們將開一個會。

3．主動語態的賓語是動詞不定式或-ing形式時，不能用作被動語態的主語。

e.g.My brother enjoys watching TV
He asked to have a try.
他請求試一次。

注意：解答被動語態題目時，首先要判斷主語和動作的關系，如果主語是動作的執行者，則用主動語態；如果主語是動作的承受者，則用被動語態