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初中易混詞彙英語怎麼說

發布時間: 2021-03-02 10:12:51

初中易混淆的英語單詞或片語

英語常用易混淆單詞/片語的區別用法
一、how much和how many的區別用法
how much和how many的區別:how much用來詢問事物的數量,後接不可數名詞;how many用來詢問事物的數量,後接可數名詞復數。
how much和how many的區別
1、所修飾詞不同
how much用來修飾不可數名詞,表示數量,也可單獨使用。
how many用來修飾可數名詞的復數,它的句式是:How many+復數名詞+一般疑問句+?
例句:
How much milk is there in the glass?
玻璃杯里有多少牛奶?
How many books are there on the desk?
有多少本書在桌子上?
2、用法不同
How much 表示多少錢,用來問價格。
例句:
How much is this dress?
這個連衣裙多少錢?
How many 表示多少,用來問數量。
例句:
How many apples do you have?
你有多少蘋果?
二、in和on的區別用法
當我們表示某些東西被其他東西所包圍時使用「in」這個詞。而「on」用於描述物體被放置在其他物體上方或外部的情況。in可表時間,表地點,表手段、方法、材料。on表示時間、地點、方位等。
in和on區別
一、意思不同
in:prep. 在 ... 里;在 ... 地方;在 ... 期間
on:prep. 在 ... 之上
二、用法不同
in: in著重一段時間的過程,常用於重復動作或延續動作。in表示從現在時間算起推移到將來的一段時間之後,一般與將來時態連用。
例句:
He is a layman in economics.
他對經濟學一竅不通。
on:表示「在物體的表面上」,只能用on的表達方式有on the next morning,on the following。
例句:
The spider is walking on the ceiling.
蜘蛛在天花板上爬行。
三、側重點不同
in:表示「在其中」。
on:表示「在表面」。
三、if和whether的區別用法
if和whether的區別:if和whether在賓語從句中,都表「是否」,可換用,if更口語。

② 初中英語易混淆詞語

interest interested interesting 這三個詞都是有趣的 第一個是興趣,第二個主語是人版 第三個主語是物
sound feel look 都是感覺權動詞 第一個是聽到第二個是觸到的感覺第三個是看到
look see read look at這都是看到 第一個強調引起注意第二個是看見第三個是閱讀第四個是看什麼強調看到

③ 中學英語易混淆的詞彙

close和closed
close既是動詞又是形容詞,意為親密的;關閉
closed是形容詞,意為關閉著的

except和expect
except是除了...以外
expect是期待

④ 初中英語常用易混淆片語 如put on put up put out 之類

put on 穿上
put up 舉起;抬起;張開(傘)
put out 熄滅;關熄;撲滅

take off ①起飛 ②脫下 ③離開
take on ①呈現、顯現版 ②僱傭 ③承擔(工作權)
take out (of sp.) (從……)拿出
另外還有
turn on 打開,發動
turn out 生產;結果是;關掉;出動;驅逐
turn up 出現;發生;開大;發現;捲起;使仰卧
break out 爆發
break down分解

⑤ 初中英語中易混的短語

1. turn on 把......打開
turn off 把..... 關上
turn up 把.....調大
turn down 把......關小;調低
2.look out 當心
look out of 向......外看
3.put up 張貼,懸掛
put down 把.....放下
puton 把......穿上
put off 推遲版
還有很多,就先打這幾權組吧

⑥ 初中英語易混詞詞彙辨析(詳細點的)

1. clothes, cloth, clothing
①clothes統指各種衣服,謂語動詞用復數, a suit of clothes指一套衣服。可以說many clothes, these clothes,不說an article of clothes.

②cloth 用來指「織物」時,為不可數名詞。指「布塊」時,是可數的,但注意它的復數形式是cloths,如:Wipe the surface with a damp cloth.

③clothing服裝的總稱,總是單數形式。指一件衣服用a piece of / an article of clothing.

2. incident, accident, event
incident一般是經過策劃,有蓄謀的事件,如西安事變(站在老蔣的立場,這字太合適了)還有如border incident,也可以指小事,如偶遇什麼人;accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident;event指較大的事,如你考取大學,對你是個event(盡管對別人無所謂); 歷史上的大事件,也多用event.
3. deal,amount, number
amount / deal及其組合量詞片語後接不可數名詞,number及其組合後接可數名詞a number of students,注意:
Large amount of water was sent to the small village.
Large amounts of water were sent to the small village.
4. family, house, home
home家,包括住處和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成員. My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
sound凡你聽得到的聲音就是它。voice人的嗓音。noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing, painting
photo用照相機拍攝的照片,picture可指相片,圖片,電影片Let's go and see a good picture ;drawing畫的畫,主要是線條形的,如工程圖;painting 指(如油彩類)繪畫
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary詞彙,一個人擁有的單詞總量,word具體的單詞:He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
population人口,人數China has a large population.;people具體的人,民族The Chinese are a great people.

What』s the population of your country?
How large is the population of your country.
9. weather, climate
weather具體的天氣狀況,climate氣候狀況The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
road具體的公路,馬路。street街道。path小路,小徑。way道路,做事情的「做法」 // take this road;in the street;show me the way to the museum.
11. course, subject
course課程(課程表中的所有subject),subject科目(具體的學科)Math is her best subject
12. custom, habit
①custom [c/u] 即有時指「一種」風俗、習俗而有時指風俗的「統稱」。the custom of doing sth.如the custom of kissing under mistletoe;但它也可指個人的生活習慣,不過往往側重指一種有規律的行為,而並非一個人那種無意識的「習慣」On Wednesday evening, as was his custom, he went down to the village. ②habit生活習慣,習慣成自然,後接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
13. cause, reason
the cause(s) of =... 的原因; the cause f =... 的理由;
The cause of the explosion has not been explained.
You have no cause for complaint. (= to complain.)
汶川地震的(原因V)(理由X) 是什麼呢?

What is the cause of the Wenchuan earthquake?

reason(s)for sth./doing sth.(做)...的理由
the reason for being late

Could you explain your reasons for choosing this particular course?
for reasons of... 由於...的原因,出於什麼的考慮
14. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise運動,鍛煉(不可數)。exercises作業,但做體操也是: gymnastic exercises體操,spelling exercises拼寫練習。practice(遵循某理論或教導而做,有時是反復做的)練習Practice makes perfect的
15. class, lesson
作"課"解時,兩者大致可以替換a mathematics class/lesson;a class/lesson in mathematics都可以說.指課文用lesson.指班級或全體學生用class。如lesson 6; class 5
16. speech, talk, lecture
speech指在公共場所所做的經過准備的較正式的演說,talk日常生活中的一般的談話,講話,但國際性的、圍繞某問題舉行的會談也用talk,如六方會談six-party talk;lecture學術性的演講,講課a lecture on Dickens

17. officer, official
officer 單獨用指陸海空軍官,警官;official主要指政府官員an army officer/ a government official
18. work, job
二者均指工作。work不可數,job可數a good job / out of a job/ out of jobs/ out of work
19. couple, pair
couple主要指人或動物,pair多指由兩部分組成的東西a pair of trousers。夫婦多用couple(也可用pair);合作夥伴多用pair /a couple of 幾個
20. country, nation, state, land
①country側重指版圖,疆域;②nation指人民,國民,民族;③state側重指政府,政體;④land國土,國家(有點詩意)The whole nation was sad at the earthquake of Wenchuan.
21. cook, cooker
cook廚師,cooker廚具He is a good cook.
22. damage, damages
damage不可數名詞,損害,損失; damages復數形式,賠償金$900 damages
23. police, policeman
police警察的總稱,後接復數謂語動詞,policeman指某個具體的警察The police are questioning everyone in the house.
24. problem, question,issue
problem常和困難(故障)聯系,前面的動詞常為think about, solve, raise。question常和疑問聯系,多和ask, answer連用。problem with the machine不太用of. / issure 實際= 事務 ||environmental problem / issue意思不一樣
25. man, a man
man人類,a man一個男人Man will conquer nature.
man與mankind前都不用the
26. chick, chicken
二者均可指小雞,chicken還可以當雞肉The chicken is delicious. Do you like dogs / dog? (喜歡狗/狗肉?)
27. telegram, telegraph
Shall I______(打電話)or telephone?

telegram多作可數名詞用,如:He received a telegram saying that his mother had died.而telegraph既能作名詞又能作動詞用,本題選telegraph。
28. travel, trip, tour, journey, voyage
travel總稱。trip注重辦事,後接to如a business trip to Shanghai;tour注重遊玩,後接of。journey指稍長的旅途。voyage指乘船的航行,如space voyage.

29. sport, game

sport多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動,如打球,游泳,打獵,賽馬等His favorite sport is swimming;game指決定勝負的游戲,通常有一套規則
30. price, prize,award, reward
price價格The price is high/low.;prize(競賽類)的獎,獎品,獎金win the first prize;award經評委選出的獎,但The Nobel Prize是個例外;給你老媽擦了地板之類,具體付出具體所得的獎賞,就是reward。
31. a number of, the number of
a number of許多,謂語動詞用復數。the number of…這個數字…,謂語動詞用單數。The number of students is increasing.
32. in front of, in the front of
in front of范圍外的前面,in the front of范圍內的前面In the front of the classroom stands the strict teacher. (教室內前)
33. of the day, of a day
of the day每一天的,當時的,當代的,of a day暫時的,不長久的a famous scientist of the day
34. three of us, the three of us
three of us我們(不止三個)中的三個,the three of us我們三個(就三個人)The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.
35. by bus, on the bus
by bus表手段,方式,不用冠詞。on the bus表所乘具體的車輛,或表范圍They came here on this bus.( by busx)
36. for a moment, for the moment
for a moment片刻,一會兒,for the moment暫時,一時Thinking for a moment, he agreed.
37. next year, the next year
next year將來時間狀語,the next year過去將來時間狀語(如常用於間接引語)He will come here next year. / He said he would go abroad the next year.
38. more than a year, more than one year
more than a year一年多,more than one year超過一年(兩年或三年等)
39. take advice, take the(one's) advice
take advice徵求意見,take the advice接受忠告He refused to take the advice and failed again.
40. take air, take the air
take air傳播,走漏,take the air到戶外去,散步We take the air every day.
41. in a word, in words,in word
in a word總之,一句話In a word, you are right;in words=in word口頭上(in practice實踐上) He should be a friend in practice, not only in word / Or, He should be a friend in deed as well as in word. in words口語化,in word文學化些。
42. in place of, in the place of
in place of代替≈take sb.'s place代替某人;in the place of在…地方A new building is built in the place of the old one.
43. in secret, in the secret
in secret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般用作狀語;in the secret知道內情,知道秘密,一般用作表語My mother was in the secret from the beginning.
44. a girl, one girl
a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一個女孩Can one girl carry such a big box? One在這種用法中常強調數量意味(見38條)
45. take a chair, take the chair
take a chair相當於sit down坐下,take the chair開始開會,做主席The news that Keefe is to take the chair comes
46. go to sea, by sea, by the sea
go to sea當海員,出航,by sea乘船,由海路,by the sea在海邊 go by sea
47. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher
the doctor and teacher指一個人,既是醫生又是老師;the doctor and the teacher兩個人,一個醫生和一個老師。(有時作為特別強調,也指一個人)

51. in class, in the class
in class在課上,in the class在班級里He is the best student in the class.
52. on fire, on the fire
on fire著火,on the fire在火上Put the food on the fire. The house is on fire.
53. out of question, out of the question
out of question毫無疑問的,out of the question不可能的(記法:opportunity可能性,長的那個片語與可能性有關)
54. a second, the second
a second又一,再一,the second第二的 He won the second prize.
55. by day, by the day
by day白天,by the day按天計算 The workers are paid by the day.
56. the people, a people
the people指人,a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.
57. it, one
it同一物體,one同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
58. that, this
that指代上文所提到的,this導出下文所要說的 I was ill. That's why…
59. none, nothing, no one
一般情況下,nothing回答what問句;nobody和no one回答who問句;none回答how many或how much問句。

①— What』s in the box?盒子里有什麼?
— Nothing.什麼也沒有。
②—Who is in the classroom?誰在教室里?
—Nobody / No one.沒有人。
③—How many people are there in the park?公園里有多少人?
—None.沒有人。
60. anyone, any one
1. anyone僅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物。如:
Would anyone like a drink?誰想喝一杯嗎?

I don』t want to waste anyone』s time.我不想浪費任何人的時間。

He told her not to tell anyone.他告訴她不要告訴任何人。
—Which pen do you want?你要哪支鋼筆?
—Any one will do.隨便哪一支都行
2. anyone後不能接表示範圍的of短語,而any one後可接表示範圍的of短語。如:

I don』t know any one of them.他們中我一個也不認識。
Any one of us could fail in the exam.我們當中的任何一個都可能考試不及格。
3. anyone不能用作定語修飾名詞,而any one可以用作定語修飾名詞。如:
You can borrow any one video at a time.你一次可以借任何一盤錄像帶。
I can』t point to any one particular reason for it.那件事我找不出具體原因來。
4. anyone可以受形容詞的修飾,且修飾語於anyone之後;而any one很少受形容詞的修飾,若語義上需要,應將修飾語置於any與one之間。如:
Did you see anyone else there?你在那裡看到其他的人嗎?
Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous?你見過名人嗎?

Any red one will do.任何一個紅色的都可以。

61. who, what
who指姓名或關系,what指職業或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.
62. what, which
what的選擇基礎是無限制的,which在一定范圍內進行選擇 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?
63. other, another
other後接名詞復數,another後接名詞單數 other students, another student
64. not a little, not a bit
not a little非常,not a bit一點也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一點兒也不累。
65. many, much, a lot of
many和可數名詞連用,much和不可數名詞連用,a lot of可數,不可數均可,但不用於否定句 I haven't many books.
66. much more…than, many more…than
much more…than後接形容詞或不可數名詞,many more…than後接可數名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful
67. no, not
no=not a/any;no friend=not a/any friend ;no water = not any water
68. no more than, not more than
no more than相當於only,僅僅,只有,not more than 至多,不超過
69. majority, most
majority只能修飾可數名詞,most可數不可數均可 the majority of people
70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself
by oneself單獨的,獨自的,for oneself為自己,to oneself供自己用的,of oneself 自行的,自動的 The door opened of itself.
71. at all, after all
at all根本,全然;after all到底,畢竟 After all he is a child.
72. tall, high
tall常指人或動物等細長類東西,high常指基礎大的物體 He is tall.
73. fast, rapid, quickly
fast具有速度快的特點,但不一定動了,如停的飛機;rapid一般指本身在動的,如河流,進步;quickly往往與人反應相關 run fast, answer the question quickly
74. high, highly
high具體的高,highly抽象的高,高度的 think highly of
75. healthy, healthful
healthy健康的(指一種長期狀態),healthful有益於健康的healthful exercise總用keep healthy.He's healthy.(V) He's healthy today.(X) His body is healthy.
76. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
sleeping正在睡覺,asleep睡著,熟睡,只能做表語,sleepy困的,有睡意的a sleeping baby;The baby is asleep; I'm sleepy.
77. gold, golden
gold指真金製品,golden指金色的,但金魚用gold fish a gold ring
78. most, mostly
most①用於表感受的肯定句中,相當於very:most impatiently,a most impressive piece of writing.②當大部分,大多數解時是形容詞或名詞:won the most votes.;mostly主要地,是副詞Our weather has been mostly warm.

79. just, very
just表強調時是副詞,作狀語,very表強調時是形容詞,用作定語 the very man, just the man
80. wide, broad
wide側重於一邊到另一邊的距離,broad側重於幅面的寬廣broad shoulders/眼寬、嘴寬用wide, 臉寬用broad
81. real, true
用real去表示「為實」的真,如材料/行為/存在:real gold/ a real friend/ in real trouble;用true去表示「對比性(符合)」的真,如常識/重要性:a true prophecy / a true friend
82. respectful, respectable
respectful尊敬的(自身對別人所抱的心態);respectable值得尊敬的(給別人的印象),be respectful to the aged
83. outwards, outward
二者均可用作副詞,表示向外,外面,outward還可用作形容詞 an outward voyage
84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant常用作定語或表語,「讓別人愉快的」 Life is pleasant. Death is peaceful / a pleasant trip;pleased, pleasing常用作表語,pleased主語常為人,pleasing主語常為物 ;The trip is pleasing. / The food is pleasing to my taste.
85. understanding, understandable
understanding明白事理的,能體諒的,understandable 可理解的,能夠懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake
86. close, closely
close(地點)接近地stand close;closely(關系)密切地 closely connected,
87. ill, sick
ill主要是做表語;sick定語,表語均可 a sick boy
88. good, well
good形容詞;well副詞,但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.
89. quiet, silent, still
quiet安靜的,可以發出小的聲音;silent不發出聲音,但可以動;still完全不動,完全無聲響 He stand there still. 他站在那兒,一動不動,也不說話。
90. hard, hardly
hard努力work hard;hardly幾乎不 I can hardly believe it.
91. able, capable
able與不定式to do連用,capable與of連用 He is capable of doing…
92. almost, nearly
肯定句中通用;almost可以接not以外的否定詞,也就是no, none, never, any以及由no和any構成的詞例如nobody, nothing, anything等;not nearly為習語,表示「far from」,「遠不」的意思
93. late, lately
①late遲,晚是adj.& adv.;②lately最近,近來,只是adv.

Marry late in life/ I haven't seen him lately.
94. living, alive, live, lively
living定表均可;alive表語,後置定語;live只能做定語,一般用於動物;lively意為活潑的all the living people=all the people alive;live show現場直播
95. excited, exciting
excited當事者自己興奮,exciting當事者讓別人興奮的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.
96. deep, deeply
deep具體的深,deeply抽象的深,深深地 deeply moved, dig deep
97. aloud, loud
aloud出聲地,loud大聲地read aloud(出聲地讀);loudly比loud多些「喧鬧」的含義
98. worth, worthy
worth後接doing,worthy後接to be done, of being done
It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.
99. bad, badly
bad形容詞,badly副詞,但與need, want, require連用為"很,非常" I need the book badly. go bad(變壞)
100. before long, long before
before long不久以後,long before很久以前 not long before = before long

101. quite, rather
quite完全地,相當於completely, rather修飾比較級quite impossible
102. happy, glad
happy定表均可,glad高興,只能做表語a happy girl
103. instead, instead of
instead是副詞,放在句首或句末,instead of是介詞短語,He didn't see a film. Instead,he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
104. too much, much too
簡單說:too much ≈ much,much too ≈ too

105. be about to, be going to, be to do
be about to「馬上要做」後面不接時間狀語,be going to側重打算,想法,
be to do側重意志,計劃,安排I'm to meet him.(含雙方事先約好的意思)
106. raise, rise
raise及物動詞,rise不及物動詞The sun rises in the east./ be on the rise上漲,上升;give rise to引起;使發生;have a rise in wages
107. bring, take, carry, fetch
bring拿來,take帶走,carry隨身攜帶,fetch去回這一往返動作fetch a box of chalk
108. spend, take, pay, cost
spend人做主語,花錢,花時間去做什麼; spend…on sth./in doing sth;take物做主語,做什麼花了多少時間; pay人做主語,花錢,pay for;cost物做主語,花錢
109. join, join in, take part in
join接人(群)He joined the army five years ago.;join in參加相對小型的活動, join sb. in;take part in參加大型的活動,自己起一份作用的活動。

110. learn, study
做學習解時,兩者可不區分。但study ①研究study the problem ②書房;learn了解:I learn it from him.
111. want, hope, wish
want打算,想要,want to do, want sb. to do;hope希望(通常可以實現),hope to do/ hope that…(hope sb. to do.錯);wish希望(通常不能實現)wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.,wish +虛擬語氣

112. discover, invent, find out
discover發現本來存在但不為人所知的東西;invent發明本來不存在的物體;find out發現,查明At last he found out the truth.
113. answer, reply
answer及物動詞,reply不及物動詞,後接to reply to the letter
114. leave, leave for
leave離開,leave for前往He left Beijing for Shanghai.
115. rob, steal
rob搶劫rob sb. of sth.,steal偷steal sth. from sb.
116. shoot, shoot at
shoot射死,shoot at瞄準,但不一定射中He shot the bird and it died.
117. drop, fall
drop及物不及物均可;fall不及物動詞Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.
118. search, search for
只要理解search A for B,且有時會省略A,有時會省略B就可以He searched his pocket for money.
119. used to, be used to
used to do過去常常;be used to sth. /doing習慣於;be used to do sth.被用來He is used to getting up early.
120. win, lose, beat
win後接sth.,反義詞為lose, beat後接sb. win the game, beat them
121. live on, live by
live on以…為主食,live by你好…謀生live on fish/ live by fishing。注意湊巧:He lived on the farm.
122. beat, hit, strike
beat連續性地擊打;hit打中,對准打;strike打一下或若干下beat the wings
123. meet, meet with
與某人會見,意思相同。「體驗到,遭遇到」用meet with:meet with an accident
124. lose, miss,missing
①lose失去(具體的物體),錯過sth. is lost, lose the chance;②miss想念,錯過,miss the chance;③missing缺失(而不完美),失蹤:Several pages are missing
125. be tired of, be tired with/from
be tired of厭煩…,be tired with/from因為…而累了be tired with/from running 800 meters
126. care about, care for
兩者都常見於否定句care about關心,計較,在乎;care for喜歡,關心,照料,願意|| He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.
127. catch a cold, have a cold
catch a cold不能和表示"一段時間"的狀語連用,而have a cold可以:She has had a cold for a week.
128. change for, change into
change for調換成,change into變成Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.
129. continue, last
二者均為持續,continue主動,被動均可,last只能用主動The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.
130. feed, raise
feed喂養,養活,飼養(to give food to),raise飼養,養育(cause to grow, bring up children):raise the family

⑦ 初中易混英語片語

1. come & be here[誤] He has come here for three hours.[正] He came here three hours ago.[正] He has been here for three hours.come是瞬間動詞,不是延續性動詞,在肯定句中不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。而要與表示一段時間的狀語連用,就要用延續動詞。與此同類的還有borrow/lend-keep; join-be in/at; die-be dead; buy-have; leave-be away,etc.2. cost & take & spend & pay[誤] I cost a lot of time to read stories.[正] It cost me a lot of time to read stories.[正] I spent a lot of time reading stories.cost除了錢的花費以外,還能表示時間上的花費,但常用物做主語。spend句子主語是人,可指花費時間和金錢,但後面的動詞要用-ing形式,後面也可跟名詞短語,介詞用on。pay句子主語是人,常與for連用,buy也常與for連用,但花費「錢」要放在介詞for後面,而pay則放在介詞for前面。3. join & take part in[誤] He joined the League for two years.[正] He joined the League two years ago.[正] He has been in the League for two years.[正] He has been a League member for two years.join指「參加」組織,成為一個成員,join sb.意思是「加入某人」,take part in指參加活動特別是大的運動;如指「參加…多長時間」就要用延續動詞be in或be a …member,而不能用join。4. borrow & lend & keep[誤] She has lent me the book for a week.[正] She lent me the book a week ago.[正] It』s a week since she lent me the book.borrow和lend是短暫性動詞,在肯定句里不和表示一段時間的狀語連用,keep延續動詞,可與表示一段時間的狀語連用。borrow意思是「借(進)」,後面跟介詞from,lend意思是「借(出)」,後面跟介詞to,lend也可用於某些成語中,如lend sb. a hand。5. lie & lay & lain[誤] She laid down the book and laid in bed.[正] She laid down the book and lay in bed.lie有兩個意思,一個是「說謊」,過去式和過去分詞是在詞尾加-d;另一個是「躺,卧;位於」,是不規則動詞,其過去式和過去分詞是lay、lain,現在分詞是lying。lay意思是「放;孵(蛋)」,其過去式和過去分詞是laid、laid。6. be made in & be made of & be made from & be made up of [誤] The table is made from wood.[正] The table is made of wood.be made in意思是「由……生產」,強調產地;be made of意思是「用……製成」,強調從成品上能看出原料,製成物沒改變原料的本質;be made from意思也是「用……製成」,強調從製成物上看不出原料,製成物已改變原料的本質;be made up of意思是「由……構成或組成」,指人或物都可,指結構成分。7. stop to do & stop doing[誤] He was too tired, so he stopped having a rest.[正] He was too tired, so he stopped to have a rest.[誤] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop to talk.[正] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop talking.stop to do意思是「停下(正做的事)(開始)去做(別的某事)」,帶to的不定式在句子中作目的狀語;stop doing意思「停止做某事(不做了)」,帶-ing形式的動名詞在句子中作賓語。

⑧ 初中容易搞混意思的英語單詞

時態,最重要的體現是動詞,如eat ate eaten,而只有動詞才有時態,在中文沒有時態。時態是用來表明事情發生的時間,先後順序。

但某些介詞,也可以暗示時態,如before,after等。

1)一般現在時 現在發生的事情,動詞用原形
如:I eat an apple. 我吃蘋果。
2)一般過去時 如:I ate an apple. 我吃蘋果。(過去吃了的,但一般包含在從句中。)
如:Yesterday, I ate an apple.
3)一般將來時 I will eat an apple. 我將要吃蘋果。
4)現在進行時 I am eating an apple. 我正在吃蘋果。
5)過去進行時 I was eating an apple. 我(當時)正在吃蘋果。
6)現在完成時 已經完成的事情。I have ate an apple. 我(現在)已經吃完了蘋果。
7)過去完成時 I had ate an apple. 我(當時)就吃了蘋果。
8)過去將來時:表示過去的情況下,預示將來發生的事情。我舉一個實際點的例子:
Yesterday, my mother ask me,"What will you do?"
I said that I would eat an apple.
昨天,媽媽問我,「你會做什麼?」
我說我將會吃蘋果。(但事實上,蘋果我是昨天吃的。)

如果你細心,不難總結規律,變化來變化去都是動詞eat。變化形式有:eat, ate, eaten, have eat, will eat, 等等。
在英語中,介詞(preposition)雖然是一種小詞,但在作用和運用上的復雜性卻不可小看。首先,可以毫不誇張地說,離開了介詞的中介或連接作用,就無法表達某些最基本的思想或概念。以時間為例,大到年代,小到日月,要表示某些特定的時間或時刻,離開介詞有時就會寸步難行。比如"今年"雖然可以說 this year,但要表達"在2000年",就不能省略介詞,而要說in 2000;"這個月"是this month,但"6月里"則需要說in June;"今天"雖然有現成的today一詞,而如果是"在6月5日"就要說"on June 5th","在星期五"就得用on Friday(但在某些新聞報道里這些介詞也可以省略不用)。再以位置為例,我們可以隨便舉出book和desk兩個詞,然後用介詞表達出各種位置關系: the book on the desk(桌子上的書)、the book under the desk(桌子下面的書)、the book near the desk(桌子附近的書)、the book beside the desk(桌子旁邊的書)等等。
介詞不僅具有重要的表達意義的功能,而且在使用上也十分復雜。造成這種復雜現象的原因是多方面的。首先,單個介詞(即由一個詞語構成的介詞,與此相對的是復合介詞,比如upon,into,within,without等)本身的意義具有相當的復雜性,以in和on為例,in的基本意義是"在裡面",表示一種范圍,on的基本意義是"在上面",表示兩種東西相接觸,然而在speak in English(用英語說)和on the team(在隊里當隊員)兩種形式中,in和on表達的則是引申意義;the boat on the lake指的是"湖上的船",但the cottage on the lake則表示"湖邊的小屋"。
其次,英語中的單個介詞雖然只有60個左右,但這些介詞卻可以同其他詞類靈活搭配,構成為數眾多的短語形式:
1.介詞加名詞構成的短語,由稱介詞短語,如by accident(偶然地),on purpose(故意地),for example(例如)in conclusion(總之)等。
2.由名詞加介詞構成的短語,比如concern for(對……的關心),love for(對……的熱愛),satisfaction with(對……滿意),confidence in(對……的信任),loyalty to(對……的忠誠)等等。
3.由動詞加介詞構成的短語,例如insist on(堅持要……),differ from(不同於,區別於),distinguish between(區別,區分),benefit from(從……得到益處,受益於……),conform to(符合)等等。
4.由形容詞加介詞構成的短語,比如be keen on(對……很熱衷),be worried about(為……而擔心),be fond of(喜歡),be strict with(對……很嚴格),be loyal to(終於……)等等。
上述這些搭配形式大都具有固定性,運用時常常來不得半點差錯。比如比如be interested只能和in搭配構成介詞短語,according和instead只能分別與to和of搭配構成兩種短語介詞。
此外,英語中還有一類短語介詞,也即由介詞加其他此類構成的短語,但作用相當於一個介詞,比如in front意思接近before,in spite of和despite是一個意思,apart from和意義也很相近等等。短語介詞還有很多,再如according to(根據),along with(隨同……一起),because of(由於),by means of(依靠),instead of(代替),in accordance with(與……一致,依據),on behalf on(代表),owing to(由於),together with(和……一起),with regard to(關於),as for(至於),as to(至於),in view of(鑒於),for the sake of(為了……),on account of(由於)等等。
最後,單個介詞還可以用在一起,這種現象稱為雙重介詞,比如from within(從……里邊),from behind(從……後邊),from inside(從……里邊),from outside(從外邊)等等。
其三,同一個介詞和不同的詞語搭配或者同一個詞語和不同的介詞結合都可以產生不同的意義,前者如be good at(善於),be bad at(不善於),後者如agree with sb.(同意某人),agree on sth.(同意某事);在有些情況下,同一個介詞和不同的詞語搭配或者同一個詞語和不同的介詞結合有時也能產生相同的意義,前者如depend on(依靠),rely on(依靠),count on(依靠),後者如be good at(善於),be skillful in(善於)。
其四,有些結構用不用介詞意義完全相同,比如consider後面的as就可以省略而意義不發生變化,而在有些結構中,有無介詞意義則不完全相同,比如《紅樓夢》中的劉姥姥初進大觀園時會說:It is beautiful in here. 而賈府的丫鬟則會應酬說:Yes, it is beautiful here. 劉姥姥的話含有一種對比意義,即大觀園和外面相比簡直是兩個世界,丫鬟已在賈府住習慣了,因此她的話就沒有這種對比意義,所以劉姥姥就用了帶有比較意義的 in here,而賈府的丫鬟則用了沒有對比意義的here。
除上面提到的幾點外,英漢語不同的表達習慣也增加了介詞學習的復雜性,比如英語說in the sun, in the moon,漢語則說"在陽光下"(英語的under the sun是"普天之下"的意思)、"在月光下";英語說The sun rises in the east and sets in the west,漢語則說"太陽從東方升起,從西方落下",或者不用介詞,乾脆說成"太陽東升西落";英語中的the hole in the wall, the nail in the wall, the map on the wall三個短語中用了不同的介詞,而漢語則都用一個"上"字來表達:牆上的洞、牆上的釘子、牆上的地圖;漢語可以直接說打某人的某個部位,英語則要先說打某個人,然後再通過介詞去打某個部位:beat sb. on the head(打某人的頭),同樣,英語要說抓著某人某個部位,就得先說抓著那個人,然後再用by來表示被抓著的部位grasp sb. by his hand(抓著某人的手);英語中有besides和except兩個詞語.

⑨ 求初中易混淆的英語單詞

{pronunciation n.發音 pronounce v.發„„音

{hard adj.&adv. 硬的;辛苦地 hardly adv.(頻度副詞)幾乎不
{chance n.機會change v.改變

{fell v.動詞fall的過去式 feel v. (感官動詞)感覺,感到

※注意:fall—fell v.落下 feel—felt v.感覺
{sleepy adj.睏倦的 asleep adj.睡著的
※注意:fall asleep 入睡 feel sleepy 感到疲倦
{different adj.不同的 difference n.不同點
{except prep.除„之外 expect v.期望,要求

※注意:besides 的意思是「除„„外還有」,except的意思是「不包括在內」。
{though adv. & conj.盡管;雖然 through adv.&prep.從一邊到另一邊;穿過

another pron.再一;又一 other adj.其他的,另外的

※注意:others是指「另外的人(或物)」,是一個名詞,相當於「other+n.」;the other是指「(兩個中)另一個;其餘的」; the others是指「其餘的人(或物)」,相當於「the other+n.」。
{pass v.經過,通過;傳遞;考試及格 past adj. 過去的(pass的過去分詞)

※注意:pass—passed—passed/past
{sometimes 有時some times 幾次

sometime 某個時候 some time 一段時間

⑩ 初中易混片語單詞和重要片語單詞(中考用)

初中英語容易混淆單詞/片語
從近年來的中考題可以看出命題者的目的都是要考查學生對一些較易混淆、形式上非常相近的詞(片語)是否能掌握扎實,是否熟悉每個片語的中文意思並能在句子中熟練運用。要想做對以上出現的類似的中考考題,考生必須能總結清各種初中階段所學過的較易混淆、形式上非常相近的詞(片語),熟記所有片語的中文意思,熟悉它們的用法和區別。為了方便同學們復習,特將常考易混詞(片語)整理如下:
一、容易混淆的動詞:
[考試說明] 了解及物動詞和不及物動詞用法;掌握動詞不定式作賓語、賓語補足語、狀語以及疑問詞連用構成不定式短語的基本用法;理解動詞不定式作主語和定語的用法;初步掌握延續性動詞和瞬間動詞在用法上的區別等。
1. come & be here
[誤] He has come here for three hours.
[正] He came here three hours ago.
[正] He has been here for three hours.
come是瞬間動詞,不是延續性動詞,在肯定句中不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。而要與表示一段時間的狀語連用,就要用延續動詞。 與此同類的還有borrow/lend-keep; join-be in/at; die-be dead; buy-have; leave-be away,etc.
2. cost & take & spend & pay
[誤] I cost a lot of time to read stories.
[正] It cost me a lot of time to read stories.
[正] I spent a lot of time reading stories.
cost除了錢的花費以外,還能表示時間上的花費,但常用物做主語。spend句子主語是人,可指花費時間和金錢,但後面的動詞要用-ing形式,後面也可跟名詞短語,介詞用on。pay句子主語是人,常與for連用,buy也常與for連用,但花費「錢」要放在介詞for後面,而pay則放在介詞for前面。
3. join & take part in
[誤] He joined the League for two years.
[正] He joined the League two years ago.
[正] He has been in the League for two years.
[正] He has been a League member for two years.
join指「參加」組織,成為一個成員,join sb.意思是「加入某人」,take part in指參加活動特別是大的運動;如指「參加…多長時間」就要用延續動詞be in或be a …member,而不能用join。
4. borrow & lend & keep
[誤] She has lent me the book for a week.
[正] She lent me the book a week ago.
[正] It』s a week since she lent me the book.
borrow和lend是短暫性動詞,在肯定句里不和表示一段時間的狀語連用,keep延續動詞,可與表示一段時間的狀語連用。 borrow意思是「借(進)」,後面跟介詞from,lend意思是「借(出)」,後面跟介詞to,lend也可用於某些成語中,如lend sb. a hand。
5. lie & lay & lain
[誤] She laid down the book and laid in bed.
[正] She laid down the book and lay in bed.
lie有兩個意思,一個是「說謊」,過去式和過去分詞是在詞尾加-d;另一個是「躺,卧;位於」,是不規則動詞,其過去式和過去分詞是lay、lain,現在分詞是lying。 lay意思是「放;孵(蛋)」,其過去式和過去分詞是laid、laid。
6. be made in & be made of & be made from & be made up of
[誤] The table is made from wood.
[正] The table is made of wood.
be made in意思是「由……生產」,強調產地;be made of意思是「用……製成」,強調從成品上能看出原料,製成物沒改變原料的本質;be made from意思也是「用……製成」,強調從製成物上看不出原料,製成物已改變原料的本質;be made up of意思是「由……構成或組成」,指人或物都可,指結構成分。
7. stop to do & stop doing
[誤] He was too tired, so he stopped having a rest.
[正] He was too tired, so he stopped to have a rest.
[誤] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop to talk.
[正] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop talking.
stop to do意思是「停下(正做的事)(開始)去做(別的某事)」,帶to的不定式在句子中作目的狀語;stop doing意思「停止做某事(不做了)」,帶-ing形式的動名詞在句子中作賓語。
二、容易混淆的名詞:
[考試說明] 了解名詞在句中所充當的成分,理解並能區別所學的可數名詞和不可數名詞;熟練掌握所學可數名詞復數形式的構成,在口語和書面語的表達中正確運用;掌握物質名詞及其數量的表達方法;了解專有名詞的概念及一般用法;熟練掌握所學名詞所有格的用法;了解集合名詞和抽象名詞的概念及一般用法。
1. job & work
[誤] I』m busy today, for I have a lot of jobs to do.
[正] I』m busy today, for I have a lot of work to do.
job意思是a piece of work,指已做或要做、應做的具體的某種工作,實際含義是「職業」,而work通常指抽象意義上的工作,是不可數名詞,也可指「工作場所」。
2. by train & change trains
[誤] We came here by the train.
[正] We came here by train.
[正] We came here on/in the train.
[誤] We have to change the train at the next station.
[正] We have to change trains at the next station.
train意思是「火車」,表示「乘火車」,用by train或on/ the train,表示「換火車」,train必須用復數形式,且前面不加限定詞。
三、容易混淆的形容詞:
[考試說明] 熟練掌握形容詞作定語、表語及賓語補足語的用法;熟練掌握表示時間、地點、方式、程度、原因等疑問副詞的用法;熟練掌握形容詞、副詞比較等級的構成和 good、well、many、much等不規則變化;掌握little、far、ill、bad、badly等不規則變化;能熟練運用下列句型表示兩者 (人或事物)和三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比較;初步掌握用much、little等副詞在用法上的區別。
1. any & some
[誤] Have you got some money with you?
[正] Have you got any money with you?
[誤] Would you like any milk?
[正] Would you like some milk?
any和some意思是「一些」,用作定語,可修飾可數名詞和不可數名詞。any多用於否定句和疑問句,some多用於肯定句。 但如果說話人表示「請求,提議」或「希望得到肯定回答」的意義時,some也可用在疑問句中;some還可用於單數名詞前,表示未知或說話人不想特別說明的人、地、物等,意思是「某一,某個」。 如果表示「任何,無論哪個」時,any可用在肯定句中。
2. either & each & both & neither & every
[誤] There are many flowers on either side of the street.
[誤] There are many flowers on neither side of the street.
[誤] There are many flowers on each sides of the street.
[正] There are many flowers on both sides of the street.
[正] There are many flowers on each side of the street.
[誤] Every student has not finished their homework.
[正] No student has finished their homework.
either意思是「兩者之一的」,each意思是「任意一個的」,neither意思是「兩者都不的」,every強調整體,意思是「個個」。
3. few/little & a few /a little
[誤] Sorry, I have few money on me.
[正] Sorry, I have little money on me.
[誤] Her books are few.
[正] She has few books.
[誤] The work needs a few number of workers.
[正] The work needs a small number of workers.
[正] The work needs a few workers.
few後跟可數名詞復數,little後跟不可數名詞,都表示「幾乎沒有」的否定性意思;a few和a little區別也在於前者跟可數名詞,後者跟不可數名詞,都表示「有幾個」的肯定性意思。
4. no & not
no意思是「沒有」,可以否定一切名詞,修飾不可數名詞和可數名詞的復數時等於not any,修飾可數名詞單數時等於not a/an;如果被修飾的名詞通常情況下只有一個,則用它的單數形式;不能用a、the、all、every等限制詞之前,而not可以。 not意思是「不,不是」,可以否定一切動詞,修飾動詞。 no more than意思是「不過,僅僅」,相當於only,修飾「數量」詞,強調「少」的含義;not more than意思是「至多,不多於,不超過」,用於陳述事實;no more…than和not more…than多用於多音節形容詞的比較級。
5. already & yet & still
[誤] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off yet.
[正] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off already.
[正] When we arrived at the airport, the plane had already taken off. already意思是「已經」,一般用於肯定句,常與完成時連用,常用於句中;yet意思是「已經,還」,一般用於否定句和疑問句,常用於句末;still意思是「仍然,還是」,強調動作在進行,主要用於肯定句,常用於句中。
6. also & too & either & so & neither & nor
[誤] My parents didn』t like swimming, nor did his.
[正] My parents didn』t like swimming, neither did his.
also用於肯定句,一般放在行為動詞之前、助動詞、情態動詞、系動詞之後,too一般用於肯定句末,前面常用逗號;either一般用於否定句末,前面也用逗號;so置於句首,引起句子倒裝,表示前面所講的情況也適用於另一個人或物,具有否定的意思;so後的主語與前一句主語是同一個人或物時,後面的主謂不倒裝,表示「確實如此」;neither置於句首,引起句子倒裝,表示前面所講的情況不適用於另一個人或物,具有否定的意思;nor常與 not連用,表示「也不」,neither和nor都可用來對前面的否定陳述加以補充,如果補充的成分否定的不是同一事物,同一內容,就只能用nor,不可用neither;當否定的並列分句有兩個以上時,只能用nor,因為neither只能指兩者中的一個,nor指三個以上的另一個。
7. sometimes & sometime & some time & some times
[誤] You can only keep the book for sometime.
[正] You can only keep the book for some time. sometimes是頻度副詞,意思是「有時,不時」,常與一般現在時或一般過去時連用;sometime是副詞,意思是「在某個不確定的時間,在某個時候,某時」,可與將來時或過去時連用;some time是名詞片語,意思是「一段時間」,做時間狀語,也可用作副詞片語,用來指一個未肯定的時刻,常指將來,此時可與sometime通用;some times是名詞片語,意思是「幾次,幾倍」。
四、容易混淆的介詞:
[考試說明] 熟練掌握介詞in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、before的常見用法;理解這11個介詞的其他用法及所學其他介詞的一般用法。
1. above & over; below & under
[誤] Our classroom is over theirs.
[正] Our classroom is above theirs.
[誤] The plane flew above the bridge.
[正] The plane flew over the bridge.
[誤] The lights hung above the desk.
[正] The lights hung over the desk.
above、over都表示「在…上面」,且都表示表面不接觸的上方,但over指垂直在上,而above則表示位置較高,不一定是正上方。 below、under都表示「在…下面」,below指位置低於某物或在某物的下方,但不一定在某物的正下方,其反義詞是above,而under指在某物的正下方,有垂直在下的意思,其反義詞是over。
2. by & on & over & through
[誤] They』re talking on the radio.
[正] They』re talking by radio.
「通過無線電交談」習慣上說talk by radio,名詞前不加冠詞。 「通過收音機聽到」習慣上說hear sth. on/over/through the radio,名詞前加冠詞。 「通過電視看到」習慣上說watch sth. on TV。 「通過電話交談」習慣上說talk with sb. on/over the telephone。 「通過人造衛星收發電視節目」習慣上說through man-made satellites。
3. in & on & to
[誤] Tian wan is to the east of China.
[誤] Tian wan is on the east of China.
[正] Tian wan is in the east of China. 表示方位「在……(東西南北)邊)時,介詞in、on、to有不同的用法。以「在……東部」為例,表示在該地范圍之內,用in the east of,表示在該地與某地「相鄰」,有接壤之意,用on the east of,表示不在該地范圍,且有中間物,用to the east of。
4. in the end & at the end of & by the end of & at last
都有「最後」的意思,但in the end表示「結果,末了」,與at last是同義片語,at the end of表示「在……末端,盡頭」,後面要接名詞短語,by the end of表示「在……結束時,末了為止」,後面接時間短語。
5. to & for & toward(s)
[誤] He is leaving to HongKong next month.
[正] He is leaving for HongKong next month. to,toward(s)作靜態介詞,表示靜態位置時,均表示「朝……」或「向……」,一般兩者可通用,towards指時間「將近」,意思是 nearly;to則表示一段時間的終點,「差……到」的意思;for常用在leave、start等後面,表示要去的目的地,不可用to。
五、容易混淆的連詞:
[考試說明] 掌握並列連詞(如:and、but、or)和從屬連詞(如:when、if、that等)的基本用法。
1. because & since & as & for
[誤] Because he was ill, so he didn』t go to school today.
[正] Because he was ill, he didn』t go to school today.
[正] He didn』t go to school today because he was ill.
because通常表示說話人認為這種理由或原因是正式的理由。在含because的句子中,全句強調的重點在原因上,不在主句的結果上。因此,回答why提出的問題時,只能用because,不能用since、as或for。because of後面只能跟短語,不能跟從句。 since表示的原因,指人們已知的事實,常譯為「既然」,引導的從句只是一種附帶的說明原因,不是對原因的強調。because與since不能與so連用。 as表示原因與since差別不大,只是語氣更弱,是顯而易見的理由。 for表示因果關系時,可與because替換使用,所不同的只是它只能放在主句之後,不能放在句首。在含for的句子里,for從句有時只是對主句補充說明理由或推斷原因,與前一分句不存在因果關系。
2.either…or… & neither…nor… & not only…but also… & both…and…
[誤] Either he or I are right.
[正] Either he or I am right.
前三個連詞連接名詞、代詞等作主語時,謂語動詞要與離其最近的主語的單復數一致,both…and…的謂語動詞則要用復數。
六、容易混淆的代詞:
[考試說明] 熟練掌握人稱代詞主格、賓格形式及基本用法,在口語和書面語的表達中正確運用;掌握形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的基本用法;掌握反身代詞作為賓語和同位語的基本用法;熟練掌握指示代詞和疑問代詞的基本用法。
1. either & each & none & neither & both & all & some
[誤] Either of the books are good.
[正] Either of the books is good.
either/ each / none / neither of+復數名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數, 其中neither的也可用復數;both/ all /some of+復數名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復數

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