初中英語面試虛擬語氣怎麼講
① 英語虛擬語氣的語法歸納
虛擬語氣是英語語法考試中的重點，那麼你掌握了嗎?下面是我為你整理的英語虛擬語氣的語法的相關資料，希望大家喜歡!
英語虛擬語氣的語法歸納
虛擬語氣(Subjunctive Mood)這一語法項目是各類英語考試中心測試的重點之一。虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式，用來表示說話人所說的話並不是事實，而是一種假設、願望、懷疑或推測。
Ⅰ用以表示虛擬條件的虛擬語氣
⒈ 用if條件從句表示的虛擬條件，是虛擬條件最普通的方式。
① 虛擬現在時表示與現在事實相反的假設，其if 從句的謂語形式用動詞的過去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +動詞原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her.
② 虛擬過去時是表示與過去事實相反的假設，if 從句的謂語形式用過去完成時即had+過去分詞，主句用would / should / could / might + have +過去分詞，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.
③ 大多數的虛擬條件句屬於上面三種情況的一種，但並不排除存在條件和後果中，一個和現在情況相反，另一個和過去情況相反，例如：If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.這個句子在高中出現頻率頗高。
④ 但是，如果後果用了虛擬語氣，而條件卻用陳述語氣，這種用法是錯的。
⒉ 除了表示虛假條件外，if從句還可以表示對將來的推測，由於是將來還沒有發生的，所以談不上是真實的還是虛假的，只能說這個事情發生的可能性有多大。一般情況下，可以用陳述語氣的if從句來表示對一個未來事實的推測，這個事實是完全可能發生的。If從句的謂語形式用一般過去式或用were to / should +動詞原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +動詞原形，例如：Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.(1996年1月四級第44題)
⒊ 有時可以把含有助動詞、情態動詞、be或have的虛擬條件句中的連詞if 省去，而將had , should, were 等詞提到主語之前，即用倒裝結構,這時候，如果出現not等否定詞，否定詞需放在主語後面。這種結構在口語中很少使用，但頻頻出現在各類考試中出現，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis.
⒋ 大多數的虛擬條件通過上面所講的兩種方法表達，但在個別句子中也可以通過介詞without和介詞短語but for表達，副詞otherwise等表達出來。例如：We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.(1995年6月四級第46題)值得注意的是，包含but for的句子，謂語動詞必定要用虛擬形式，但包含without等短語的句子，謂語動詞未必一定要用虛擬語氣。
⒌ 有時虛擬條件不是明確地表達出來，而在蘊含在用but引導的從句里，於是便出現了有謂語動詞是虛擬語氣的主句加上謂語動詞是陳述語氣的but從句構成的並列復合句，例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在這樣的句子里，如果主句沒有用虛擬語氣，或者從句用了虛擬語氣，都是錯的。
Ⅱ用在賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
⒈ 在表示願望的動詞wish後的賓語從句中，需用虛擬語氣。(wish後的that 常省略)，根據主句時態，從句謂語時態相應退後一位，例如：How she wished his family could go with him.
⒉ 在具有願望、請求、建議、命令等主觀意願的動詞(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …) 後的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用(should) +動詞原形。值得注意的是，如果賓語從句的動詞是否定的，否定詞not的位置應在動詞之前，而不是動詞之後。例如：The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.另外，如suggest表達“暗示”，insist表示“堅持某種說法”時，後面的從句不用虛擬語氣，例如：Her pale face suggests that she is ill.或He insisted that he did not kill the boy.
除此之外，上述動詞也要求用虛擬式
① 在It is+上述動詞的過去分詞，其後所跟的主語從句中，如It is suggested that pupils wear school uniforms.
② 在上述動詞相應的名詞形式作主語+連系動詞，其後的表語從句中，例如His suggestion was that classed be re-scheled.
③ 在對上述動詞相應的名詞進行解釋的同位語從句中，如：The workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation.
⒊ would (had)rather , would sooner也用來表達主觀願望，它們之後的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式表示現在或將來，用過去完成式表示與過去事實相反，例如：I would rather he went right now.
Ⅲ其他形式的虛擬語氣
⒈ it is +necessary等形容詞後，that主語從句中虛擬形式使用，這類形容詞包括necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等，例如It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully.或者It is essential that you be able to pronounce every single word correctly.
⒉ 在It's (high/about) time 之後的定語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式，例如It is high time that you went to school
⒊ 虛擬語氣在as if / as though 引導的方式狀語從句中的應用(謂語動詞形式與wish後的賓語從句基本相同)表示與現在事實相反或對現在情況有懷疑，謂語動詞用過去式。例如：He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. 表示過去想像中的動作或情況，謂語動詞用過去完成式。
⒋ 在lest 引導的狀語從句中，謂語動詞多用虛擬語氣，(should )+ 動詞原形。例如： The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.(1998年1月四級第38題)
⒌ 在if only 引起的感嘆句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式或過去完成式。例如： Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I had followed your advice.
虛擬語氣的時態
一、過去式：
if 從句：had done
英語語法：虛擬語氣的時態
主句：情態動詞(would，could，might，should)+have done
英語語法：虛擬語氣的時態
二、現在式：
if 從句：did/were
英語語法：虛擬語氣的時態
主句：情態動詞(would，could，might，should)+do
英語語法：虛擬語氣的時態
三、將來時：
if 從句：①should/shall do
②were to do
③did/were
英語語法：虛擬語氣的時態
6
主句：情態動詞(would，could，might，should)+do
虛擬語氣在條件從句中的用法
(一)形式 註：
1.在從句中，be動詞多用were的形式。在口語中，如果主語是第一、第三人稱單數的話，be動詞可用was，但人們總是說：If I were you...
2.主句中的謂語可以由would，should，could和 might這四個不同的情態動詞來構成。
3.與將來事實相反的條件從句中，謂語有三種不同的形式：過去式、were +to do或should +do。 例句1：If I were you，I would study hard.我要是你的話，我就會好好學習。(與現在事實相反) 例句2：If I had studied hard，I would have passed CET-6 last semester.我要是早就好好學習的話，那麼我上個學期就通過六級考試了。(與過去事實相反) 例句3：If Iwere to pass CET-6，I would treat you to dinner at KFC.我要是過了六級考試，就請你去吃肯德基。(與將來事實相反)
(二)省略/倒裝 如果在虛擬從句中包含有一個助動詞、情態動詞、動詞be或have，則可把if省略，把上類動詞提到主語之前，使用倒裝語序。
例句4：Had it not been for the PLA，we wouldn’t have been able to beat the flood.4要不是人民解放軍，我們是無法戰勝洪水的。
例句5：Were he here now，he would certainly help me.5他要是在這里肯定會幫我的忙。 注4：例句4中的從句部分出現了否定詞not，如果把該句還原成正常語序，應該是： If it hadn’t been for the PLA，we wouldn’t have been able to beat the flood.
但是一旦句子發生了省略，就必須把hadn’t分開，否定詞not還原，放在主語之後，不可寫成Hadn’t it b
② 講一講英語中的虛擬語氣（用法詳細一點）
一、概念
中文譯作"虛擬語氣"。它是一種動詞形式，表示說話人的某種假設、願望、懷疑、猜測、建議等含義。
二、語法結構
1.if結構（非真實條件句——表示的是假設的或實際可能性不大的情況）
與..事實相反 If從句 主句
過去 Had done Would* have done
現在 Were/did Would* do
將來 Should do/were/were to do Would* do
例句：If there hadn』t been much rain in spring, we would have had a good harvest now. [過去]
If he smoked less, his cough might be well soon. [現在]
If the lecturer should be late, you would have to make a speech first. [將來]
備註：
（1）上表中』*』，would都可轉換為should、could、might。
（2) 如果為時間錯綜句的話，左右兩欄可互相搭配，排列組合。
例句：
He would still be alive today if he hadn』t taken that drug.
[與現在事實相反] [與過去事實相反]
(3) if可轉換為其他形式
例句：Without your advice, our meeting wouldn』t have been so successfully. [過去]
（=>可轉換為：If there hadn』t been your advice, we …）
Your notes are almost illegible (難以辨認的). Notes typed out would be a lot easier to read. [將來]
(=> 可轉換為：If the notes had been typed out, it would be a lot easier to read.)
I should have gone to see Dr. Smith and he might have cured me of the disease.[過去]
(=> 可轉換為：If he have gone to see Dr. Smith, he ..)
2、wish結構
與..事實相反
過去 Had done
現在 Were/did
將來 Would
備註：可轉換為其他形式。
例句：He talks as if (好像) he had done all the work himself. [過去]
I wish I were a bird.
I wish he handn' done that.
I wish I would be rich in the future.
3、should結構
從句中用「should + 動詞原形」構成。而且should可以省去。用於此結構的動詞有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest,intend等。
例句：The teacher suggest he (should) read English aloud.
注意：當insist表示「堅持認為」、suggest表示「表明，顯示」時，不用虛擬語氣。
例句：The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.
He insisted that he was honest.
4、would rather ＋從句
在這種結構中，從句的謂語動詞用過去形式表示虛擬。
例句：I would rather you did this instead of me.
5、主語從句中的虛擬語氣
1）It be + 形容詞 + that ．．．（should）．．．
用於該句型的形容詞是：necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny,
strange, surprising ．
一些名詞也可以用於 在該結構中。如：a pity， no wonder．．．．
2）It be + 過去分詞 + that ．．．（should）．．．．
用於該結構中的過去分詞是表示「建議、請求、命令」等詞的過去分詞。如：desired， suggested， requested，
ordered， proposed等。
3）It is time（about time， high time）that ．．．（過去式動詞形式或should＋動詞原形）．．．．
It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home now.
6、表語從句、同位語從句中的虛擬語氣
在suggestion， proposal， order， plan， idea， advice， decision等需要有內涵的名詞後面的表語從句、同
位語從句中，要使用虛擬語氣。其謂語動詞應用：should＋原形動詞。另外連接從句的that不能省
略。
例：My suggestion is that we should go there at once.
What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?
三、使用范圍及判斷
1、虛擬語氣表示一種不能實現的假設。該語法主要用於if條件狀語從句。也可用於主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句等。
2、if條件狀語從句中虛擬語氣的判斷
判斷是真實條件句還是非真實條件句。只有在非真實條件句中才使用虛擬語氣。通過句子意思，看假設的條件是否能夠實現，能夠實現是真實條件句，不能使用虛擬語氣；假設的條件不能實現則是非真實條件句，要用虛擬語氣。
判斷這個假設是與哪個事實相反。通常有三種情況：①與過去事實相反。②與現在事實相反。③與將來事實可能相反。
3、「後退一步法」
後退一步法是指在准確地判斷了該句與哪一事實相反後，按虛擬語氣的後退一步法處理從句謂語動詞的時態。即：在非 真實條件狀語從句中，謂語動詞按正常情況「後退一步」。也就是：
1）與過去事實相反，在從句中用過去完成時形式表示。
2）與現在事實相反，在從句中用過去一般時形式表示。
3）與將來事實可能相反，在從句中用過去將來時形式表示。
主句中則用情態動詞would, should, could 等加一個與從句一致的動詞形式。
例：If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.
If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn』t go out.
四、注意事項
1.if條件句中如有were, should, had，可以省去if，並使用倒裝語序。
2、在現代英語中if條件狀與從句中的謂語動詞如果是be其過去形式一般用were。
3、wish 後面賓語從句中的虛擬語氣，按「後退一步法」處理從句的謂語動詞。注意：與哪個事實相反，不能以主句的時態為判斷依據，而是根據從句的意義判斷。
③ 講一講英語中的虛擬語氣（用法詳細一點）
一、概念
中文譯作"虛擬語氣"。它是一種動詞形式，表示說話人的某種假設、願望、懷疑、猜測、建議等含義。
二、語法結構
1.if結構（非真實條件句——表示的是假設的或實際可能性不大的情況）
與..事實相反 If從句 主句
過去 Had done Would* have done
現在 Were/did Would* do
將來 Should do/were/were to do Would* do
例句：If there hadn』t been much rain in spring, we would have had a good harvest now. [過去]
If he smoked less, his cough might be well soon. [現在]
If the lecturer should be late, you would have to make a speech first. [將來]
備註：
（1）上表中』*』，would都可轉換為should、could、might。
（2) 如果為時間錯綜句的話，左右兩欄可互相搭配，排列組合。
例句：
He would still be alive today if he hadn』t taken that drug.
[與現在事實相反] [與過去事實相反]
(3) if可轉換為其他形式
例句：Without your advice, our meeting wouldn』t have been so successfully. [過去]
（=>可轉換為：If there hadn』t been your advice, we …）
Your notes are almost illegible (難以辨認的). Notes typed out would be a lot easier to read. [將來]
(=> 可轉換為：If the notes had been typed out, it would be a lot easier to read.)
I should have gone to see Dr. Smith and he might have cured me of the disease.[過去]
(=> 可轉換為：If he have gone to see Dr. Smith, he ..)
2、wish結構
與..事實相反
過去 Had done
現在 Were/did
將來 Would
備註：可轉換為其他形式。
例句：He talks as if (好像) he had done all the work himself. [過去]
I wish I were a bird.
I wish he handn' done that.
I wish I would be rich in the future.
3、should結構
從句中用「should + 動詞原形」構成。而且should可以省去。用於此結構的動詞有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest,intend等。
例句：The teacher suggest he (should) read English aloud.
注意：當insist表示「堅持認為」、suggest表示「表明，顯示」時，不用虛擬語氣。
例句：The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had done for him.
He insisted that he was honest.
4、would rather ＋從句
在這種結構中，從句的謂語動詞用過去形式表示虛擬。
例句：I would rather you did this instead of me.
5、主語從句中的虛擬語氣
1）It be + 形容詞 + that ．．．（should）．．．
用於該句型的形容詞是：necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny,
strange, surprising ．
一些名詞也可以用於 在該結構中。如：a pity， no wonder．．．．
2）It be + 過去分詞 + that ．．．（should）．．．．
用於該結構中的過去分詞是表示「建議、請求、命令」等詞的過去分詞。如：desired， suggested， requested，
ordered， proposed等。
3）It is time（about time， high time）that ．．．（過去式動詞形式或should＋動詞原形）．．．．
It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home now.
6、表語從句、同位語從句中的虛擬語氣
在suggestion， proposal， order， plan， idea， advice， decision等需要有內涵的名詞後面的表語從句、同
位語從句中，要使用虛擬語氣。其謂語動詞應用：should＋原形動詞。另外連接從句的that不能省
略。
例：My suggestion is that we should go there at once.
What do you think of his proposal that we should put on a play at the English evening?
三、使用范圍及判斷
1、虛擬語氣表示一種不能實現的假設。該語法主要用於if條件狀語從句。也可用於主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句等。
2、if條件狀語從句中虛擬語氣的判斷
判斷是真實條件句還是非真實條件句。只有在非真實條件句中才使用虛擬語氣。通過句子意思，看假設的條件是否能夠實現，能夠實現是真實條件句，不能使用虛擬語氣；假設的條件不能實現則是非真實條件句，要用虛擬語氣。
判斷這個假設是與哪個事實相反。通常有三種情況：①與過去事實相反。②與現在事實相反。③與將來事實可能相反。
3、「後退一步法」
後退一步法是指在准確地判斷了該句與哪一事實相反後，按虛擬語氣的後退一步法處理從句謂語動詞的時態。即：在非 真實條件狀語從句中，謂語動詞按正常情況「後退一步」。也就是：
1）與過去事實相反，在從句中用過去完成時形式表示。
2）與現在事實相反，在從句中用過去一般時形式表示。
3）與將來事實可能相反，在從句中用過去將來時形式表示。
主句中則用情態動詞would, should, could 等加一個與從句一致的動詞形式。
例：If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.
If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.
If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn』t go out.
四、注意事項
1.if條件句中如有were, should, had，可以省去if，並使用倒裝語序。
2、在現代英語中if條件狀與從句中的謂語動詞如果是be其過去形式一般用were。
3、wish 後面賓語從句中的虛擬語氣，按「後退一步法」處理從句的謂語動詞。注意：與哪個事實相反，不能以主句的時態為判斷依據，而是根據從句的意義判斷。
④ 新概念英語虛擬語氣語法講解
新概念英語虛擬語氣語法講解
虛擬語氣用來表示假想，而不表示客觀存在的事實，所說的是一個條件，不一定是事實，或與事實相反。那麼下面是我為大家分享整理的新概念英語虛擬語氣語法講解，歡迎大家閱讀瀏覽。
虛擬語氣分三種情況來掌握：
1、虛擬條件句。
2、名詞性虛擬語氣。
3、虛擬語氣的其他用語。
一、虛擬條件句：
條件狀語從句是非真實情況，在這種情況下要用虛擬語氣。
1、條件從句與現在事實不一致，其句型為：
If 主語+過去時，主語+should(could, would, 或might)+動詞原形，如：
If I were you, I would study hard.
If it rained, I would not be here now.
2、條件從句與過去事實不一致，句型為：
If 主語+had+過去分詞，主語+should(could, would, 或might)+have+過去分詞，如：
If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.
If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.
3、條件從句與將來事實不一致，句型為：
If 主語+should(were to, 過去時)+do，主語+should(could...)+原形do，如：
If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.
If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.
If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.
注意問題：
1、If條件句中絕對不可出現"would"。
2、根據句中的時間狀語，有時可能出現“混合虛擬”的情況，即主句可能是現在的情況，條件句也許是發生在過去的情況，但都是遵守上述句型。
3、在條件句中如果出現were, had, should可省去if，將主語與這些詞倒裝，例如：
Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.
Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.
二、名詞性虛擬語氣：
在表示命令、建議要求、驚嘆時的名詞性從句中需用虛擬語氣，基本句型：主語+(should)+動詞原形，如：Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o'clock.(賓語從句)
We suggested that the meeting should not be held.
It was required that the crops should be harvested at once.(主語從句)
The suggestion that he be invited was rejected.(同位語從句)
That is their demand that their wages be increased.(表語從句)
注意：在這種句子中絕不出現"would""must""could"等。
三、虛擬語氣在一些特殊詞中的`使用或含蓄條件句：
1、wish後的賓語從句：
與現在願望不一致——主語+過去時：I wish I were you.
與過去願望不一致——主語+had+過去分詞：I wish I had visited the white House when I was in the states.
與未來願望不一致——主語+would(could)+原形：I wish I could meet you tomorrow at the party.
2、It's time句型：
當It's time後用that從句時應該為“主語+should+原形”或“主語+過去時”，例如：
It's time that you went to school. 或It's time that you should go to school.
3、If only引起的感嘆句相當於“How I wish+賓語從句”：
If only he could come! 他要能來就好了。
If only I had known the answer! 我要早知答案就好了。
4、would rather, as if(though)引導的句子也需使用虛擬，表示過去的情況用過去完成時，表示現在與將來的情況用過去時，如：
I'd rather you posted the letter right away.
I'd rather you had returned the book yesterday.
She loves the children as if they were hers.
Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.
5、without, but, but for, otherwise引起的短語或句子常暗含著含蓄條件：
Without you, I would never know him.
But for your cooperation, we wouldn't have done the work so well. = If it were not for your cooperation, we wouldn't have done the work so well.
(註：without / but for... = If it was not for.../ If it hadn't been for...)
But that she was afraid, she would have said no.
I would be most glad to help you, but I' am busy now.
I am busy now; otherwise I would do you the favor!
專項訓練
1、It is important that a college student ______ a foreign language.
A.will master B.master C.masters D.would master
2、It is strange that she ______ without saying a word.
A.should have gone out B.went C.should go out D.goes out
3、If my lawyer ______ here last Saturday, he ______ me from going.
A.had been, would have prevented B.had been, would prevent C.were, would prevent D.were, would have prevent
4、 ——“He is a brave man.”
——“Yes, I wish I ______ his courage.”
A.have B.had C.will have D.may have
5、If it ______ rain, the crops would be saved.
A.should B.will C.is going to D.was to
6、He ordered that the medicine ______ by a special plane.
A.was sent B.would be sent C.should send D.be sent
7、If you ______ the medicine, you ______ better now.
A.took, would feel B.had taken, felt C.had taken, would feel D.took, would have felt
8、She is my sister, but she often acts as if ______ my mother.
A.is B.was C.were D.had been
9、I went to bed early last night, but I wish I ______ so.
A.didn’t do B.hadn’t done C.haven’t done D.couldn’t do
10、I’d rather he ______ tomorrow afternoon.
A.will come B.comes C.coming D.came
參考答案：
1、B 2、A 3、A 4、B 5、A 6、D 7、C 8、C 9、B 10、D
;⑤ 英語中的 虛擬語氣怎麼用
虛擬語氣1）
概念
虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀願望或假想，所說的是一個條件，不一定是事實，或與事實相反。
2）
在條件句中的應用
條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實條件句，一類為非真實條件句。非真實條件句表示的是假設的或實際可能性不大的情況，故採用虛擬語氣。
1.真實條件句
真實條件句用於陳述語氣，假設的情況可能發生，其中
if
是如果的意思。
時態關系
句型：條件從句主句
一般現在時
shall/will/can/may/etc.
+
動詞原形
If
he
comes,
he
will
bring
his
violin.
典型例題
The
volleyball
match
will
be
put
off
if
it
___.
A.will
rainB.
rainsC.
rainedD.
is
rained
答案B。真實條件句主句為將來時，從句用一般現在時。
注意：
1）
在真實條件句中，主句不能用be
going
to表示將來，該用shall,
will.
(錯)
If
you
leave
now,
you
are
never
going
to
regret
it.
(對)
If
you
leave
now,
you
will
never
regret
it.
2）
表示真理時，主句謂語動詞便不用shall
(will)
+動詞原形，而直接用一般現在時的動詞形式。
⑥ 英語中虛擬語氣的具體句式和句型講解
一、詞的語氣
指我們平常說的說話人說話的口氣。（在英語中，語氣除了指語調以外，最主要的是通過動詞發生變化而表示不同語氣）
英語中的語氣分為三類：
陳述語氣（用於陳述句、疑問句、感嘆句）
祈使語氣（用於祈使句）
虛擬語氣（用於條件狀語從句、賓語從句等）
[編輯本段]二、虛擬語氣
1） 虛擬語氣概念
虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀願望或假想，所說的是一個條件，不一定是事實，或與事實相反。
2） 在條件句中的應用
條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實條件句，一類為非真實條件句。非真實條件句表示的是假設的或實際可能性不大的情況，故採用虛擬語氣。
[編輯本段]三、虛擬語氣在非真實條件狀語從句中的用法
1、真實條件狀語從句與非真實條件狀語從句
eg .
If he doesn』t hurry up, he will miss the bus. ( 真實條件狀語)（不是虛擬語氣）
If he was free, he would ask me to tell stories. （真實條件狀語）（不是虛擬語氣）
If I were you, I would go at once. （非真實條件狀語從句）
If there were no air, people would die. （非真實條件狀語從句）
總結就是 四個字：主將從現，主句用將來時，從句用一般現在時。
2、虛擬語氣在非真實條件狀語從句中的用法及動詞形式
① 表示與現在事實相反的情況
（條件）從句謂語動詞形式 主句謂語動詞形式
謂語動詞用一般過去式
（be用were） should/would/could/might+動詞原形（過去將來時）
eg.
If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我會帶把傘。（事實：我不可能是你）
If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的電話號碼，我就會告訴你。（事實：不知道）
If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果沒有水和空氣，地球上就不會有生物。(事實：地球上既有空氣也有水)
If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我帶錢了，我就會借給你些。（事實：沒帶錢）
If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些，就能通過考試了。（事實：學習不用功）
②表示與過去事實相反的情況
從句謂語動詞形式 主句謂語動詞形式
Had+過去分詞（過去完成時） Should/would/could/might+
have+過去分詞（現在完成將來時）
eg. If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那兒，我就會見到她。（事實：去晚了）
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他聽我的勸告的話，就不會犯這樣的錯誤了。（事實：沒有聽我的話）
③表示對將來情況的主觀推測（可能相反或可能性很小）
從句 主語 例句
If+主語+ ① should+動詞
② did
③were to do
(①通常與一個表示時間狀語連用)其 中were to do可能性最小，
should/would/
could/might+動詞原形
If it rained tomorrow our picnic would be put off.
萬一那天下雨，我們的郊遊
就推遲。
eg.If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天來這兒的話，我就跟他談談。（事實：來的可能性很小）
If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我們就不能去滑冰了。（事實：不知能否下雪）
If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一來這兒的話，我就會告訴她這件事得始末。
[編輯本段]四、虛擬語氣的其他用法
①、虛擬語氣用在wish 後的賓語從句
a、表示與現在事實相反的願望，謂語動詞用過去式
eg. I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那樣的頭腦。(事實：我根本比不上你)
b、表示過去事實相反的願望，謂語動詞：had+v-ed
eg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希望我原來知道這件事的真相。（事實：原來不知道）
c、表示將來難以實現的願望
謂語動詞：should/would + 動詞原形
eg. I wish I should have a chance again.我希望我還能有一次這樣的機會。（事實：很難再有這樣的機會了）
②虛擬語氣用在suggest(建議)、insist(堅持)、demand(要求)、order(命令)等動詞後的賓語從句中。
在這種用法中，無論主句謂語動詞為何種時態，從句的謂語動詞都用：「should + 動詞原形」或只用「動詞原形」。
如 He suggested that we (should) take the teacher』s advice
He insisted that we (should) take the teacher』s advice
He demand that we (should) take the teacher』s advice
He ordered that we (should) take the teacher』s advice
③虛擬語氣在方式狀語從句的應用。詳網路之方式狀語從句詞條，已經講的很清楚，這里就不粘貼了。
⑦ 英語語法中的虛擬語氣，教教我該怎麼掌握
一、虛擬語氣的使用范圍：
虛擬語氣用來表示說話人所說的話並不是事實，而是一種假設、願望、懷疑或推測。該語法主要用於if 條件狀語從句中，也可用於主語從句、表語從句和賓語從句等。
二、虛擬語氣的判斷：
1. if 條件狀語從句中虛擬語氣的判斷。if 條件狀語從句有真實條件句和非真實條件句。假設條件可以實現的句子為真實條件句，反之為非真實條件句，要用虛擬語氣。其形式分為以下三種：
(1) 與過去事實相反的假設。結構為：從句的謂語動詞用「had + 過去分詞」，主句用「should (would, could, might) + have + 過去分詞」。例如：
If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. 如果昨天沒有下大雨，我們就能玩網球了。
(2) 與現在事實相反的假設。結構為：從句的謂語動詞用過去式，系動詞用were，主句的謂語用「should (would, could, might) + 動詞原形」。例如：
If I were in your position, I would marry her. 如果我是你，我就娶她為妻。
(3) 與將來事實相反的假設。結構為：從句的謂語動詞用「should (were to) + 動詞原形」，主句用「should
(would, could, might) + 動詞原形」。 例如：
If you should miss the chance, you would feel sorry for it. 如果你錯過了這次機會，你會難過的。
2. 賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。
(1) wish後接賓語從句中的虛擬語氣：根據從句的意義來判斷。
A: 表示與現在和將來事實相反的願望，從句謂語動詞用過去時態。例如：
I wish they were not so late. 要是他們來得不是這么晚就好了。
B: 表示與過去事實相反的願望，從句謂語動詞用過去完成時態。例如：
I wished he hadn't done that. 我真希望那件事不是他做的。
(2) 表示「要求、建議、命令」等動詞後面的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。用於此結構的動詞有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest等。從句的謂語動詞用「should + 動詞原形」，其中should 可以省去。例如：
I insisted that he (should) go with us. 我堅持讓他和我們一起去。
注意：當insist 表示「堅持認為」、suggest表示「表明，顯示」時，不用虛擬語氣。例如：
He insisted that she was honest. 他堅持認為她是誠實的。
3. 主語從句中的虛擬語氣。
(1) It be + 形容詞 + that... (should)...。用於該句型的形容詞有：necessary, good, important, right, wrong, better, natural, proper, funny, strange, surprising等。例如：
It's natural that he should feel hurt. 他感到疼是很正常的。
(2) It be + 過去分詞 ＋ that... (should)...。用於該結構中的過去分詞是表示「建議、請求、命令」等詞的過去分詞。如： desired, suggested, requested, ordered, proposed等。例如：
It is desired that the building of the house be completed next month. 真希望這所房子在下個月前就能竣工。
(3) It is time (about time / high time) that... + (過去時或should + 動詞原形)...。例如：
It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home. 我該回家了。
(4) 表語從句、同位語從句中的虛擬語氣。在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要具體內容解釋的名詞後要使用虛擬語氣，其謂語動詞為：should + 動詞原形，連接從句的that不能省略。例如：
My suggestion is that we should go there at once. 我的建議是我們應該馬上去那兒。
4． 省略形式。有時可以把含有助動詞、情態動詞、be或have的虛擬條件句中的連詞if 省去，而將had, should, were 等詞提到主語之前，即用倒裝結構。這時，如果出現not等否定詞時需放在主語後面。例如：
If she had been here five minutes earlier she would have seen her old friend. → Had she been here five minutes earlier she would have seen her old friend. 如果她早到五分鍾，她就會看見她的老朋友了。
⑧ 求虛擬語氣講解，適合初中生滴，最重要是讓偶明白！
虛擬語氣(Subjunctive Mood)這一語法項目是各類英語考試中心測試的重點之一。虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式，用來表示說話人所說的話並不是事實，而是一種假設、願望、懷疑或推測。
Ⅰ用以表示虛擬條件的虛擬語氣
⒈ 用if條件從句表示的虛擬條件，是虛擬條件最普通的方式。
① 虛擬現在時表示與現在事實相反的假設，其if 從句的謂語形式用動詞的過去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +動詞原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her.
② 虛擬過去時是表示與過去事實相反的假設，if 從句的謂語形式用過去完成時即had＋過去分詞，主句用would / should / could / might + have +過去分詞，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.
③ 大多數的虛擬條件句屬於上面三種情況的一種，但並不排除存在條件和後果中，一個和現在情況相反，另一個和過去情況相反，例如：If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.這個句子在高中出現頻率頗高。
④ 但是，如果後果用了虛擬語氣，而條件卻用陳述語氣，這種用法是錯的。
⒉ 除了表示虛假條件外，if從句還可以表示對將來的推測，由於是將來還沒有發生的，所以談不上是真實的還是虛假的，只能說這個事情發生的可能性有多大。一般情況下，可以用陳述語氣的if從句來表示對一個未來事實的推測，這個事實是完全可能發生的。If從句的謂語形式用一般過去式或用were to / should +動詞原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +動詞原形，例如：Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.（1996年1月四級第44題）
⒊ 有時可以把含有助動詞、情態動詞、be或have的虛擬條件句中的連詞if 省去，而將had , should, were 等詞提到主語之前，即用倒裝結構,這時候，如果出現not等否定詞，否定詞需放在主語後面。這種結構在口語中很少使用，但頻頻出現在各類考試中出現，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis.
⒋ 大多數的虛擬條件通過上面所講的兩種方法表達，但在個別句子中也可以通過介詞without和介詞短語but for表達，副詞otherwise等表達出來。例如：We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.（1995年6月四級第46題）值得注意的是，包含but for的句子，謂語動詞必定要用虛擬形式，但包含without等短語的句子，謂語動詞未必一定要用虛擬語氣。
⒌ 有時虛擬條件不是明確地表達出來，而在蘊含在用but引導的從句里，於是便出現了有謂語動詞是虛擬語氣的主句加上謂語動詞是陳述語氣的but從句構成的並列復合句，例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在這樣的句子里，如果主句沒有用虛擬語氣，或者從句用了虛擬語氣，都是錯的。
Ⅱ用在賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
⒈ 在表示願望的動詞wish後的賓語從句中，需用虛擬語氣。（wish後的that 常省略），根據主句時態，從句謂語時態相應退後一位，例如：How she wished his family could go with him.
⒉ 在具有願望、請求、建議、命令等主觀意願的動詞(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …) 後的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用(should) +動詞原形。值得注意的是，如果賓語從句的動詞是否定的，否定詞not的位置應在動詞之前，而不是動詞之後。例如：The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.另外，如suggest表達「暗示」，insist表示「堅持某種說法」時，後面的從句不用虛擬語氣，例如：Her pale face suggests that she is ill.或He insisted that he did not kill the boy.
除此之外，上述動詞也要求用虛擬式
① 在It is+上述動詞的過去分詞，其後所跟的主語從句中，如It is suggested that pupils wear school uniforms.
② 在上述動詞相應的名詞形式作主語+連系動詞，其後的表語從句中，例如His suggestion was that classed be re-scheled.
③ 在對上述動詞相應的名詞進行解釋的同位語從句中，如：The workers raised the demand that their pay be increased to cope with the inflation.
⒊ would （had）rather , would sooner也用來表達主觀願望，它們之後的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式表示現在或將來，用過去完成式表示與過去事實相反，例如：I would rather he went right now.
Ⅲ其他形式的虛擬語氣
⒈ it is +necessary等形容詞後，that主語從句中虛擬形式使用，這類形容詞包括necessary, important, essential, imperative, urgent, preferable, vital, advisable等，例如It is necessary that you listen to the teacher carefully.或者It is essential that you be able to pronounce every single word correctly.
⒉ 在It's (high/about) time 之後的定語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式，例如It is high time that you went to school
⒊ 虛擬語氣在as if / as though 引導的方式狀語從句中的應用（謂語動詞形式與wish後的賓語從句基本相同）表示與現在事實相反或對現在情況有懷疑，謂語動詞用過去式。例如：He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. 表示過去想像中的動作或情況，謂語動詞用過去完成式。
⒋ 在lest 引導的狀語從句中，謂語動詞多用虛擬語氣，(should )+ 動詞原形。例如： The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.（1998年1月四級第38題）
⒌ 在if only 引起的感嘆句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式或過去完成式。例如： Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I had followed your advice.
虛擬語氣：表示動作或狀態不是客觀存在的事實，而是說話人的主觀願望、假設或推測等。如：
①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一隻小鳥，我就能在空中飛行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通過考試。
③May you succeed!祝您成功！
虛擬語氣在語法里算得上是個難點。讓我們就從最簡單的開始吧。
虛擬語氣詳解運用:
簡單句中的虛擬語氣
一、情態動詞的過去式用於現在時態時，表示說話人的謙虛、客氣、有禮貌、或委婉的語氣，常用於日常會話中。如：
⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?請你告訴我去郵局的路好嗎？
⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好別熬夜到很晚。
二、表祝願。
1、常用「may+動詞原形」表示祝願，但願，此時may須置於句首（多用於正式文體中）。
⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好運！
⑵、May you be happy!祝你快樂！
⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！
⑷、May you have a good time. 祝願你玩的痛快。
⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝願我們的友情天長地久。
⑹、May you be happy. (注意那個be ) 祝你幸福。
2、用動詞原形。例如：
(1).Long live the people! 人民萬歲！
(2).「God bless you,」said the priest.牧師說：「願上帝保佑你！」
(3).Have a good journey! 祝願你旅途愉快！
三、表示強烈願望。（該類型虛擬語氣謂語僅用動詞原形，第三人稱單數也不加「s」）
(1).God save me．
(2).Heaven help us．
四、表命令
1.命令虛擬語氣只能用在第二人稱(you)，而且通常省略主語(也就是you)。
2.句子尾通常加上感嘆號：！
3.虛擬語氣動詞用一般現在時態(Simple Present)，如：work, be , go
4.否定形式的命令語氣，可用助動詞do，加上not。
(1). Work !
(2). Work harder !
(3). Be more alert ! (虛擬語氣動詞Be)
(4). You go out !
(5). Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虛擬語氣)
(6). Don't be afraid. (口語中常用don't 代替do not)
五、在一些習慣表達中。如：
(1).You』d better set off now.你最好現在就出發。
(2).I』d rather not tell you the secret.我情願不告訴你這個秘密。
第三部分：名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣
第一節：賓語從句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虛擬語氣
一、在動詞wish後的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
在動詞wish後的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣，常省去賓語從句的引導詞that。
一）、對現在情況的虛擬（與現在的事實相反）：
從句用過去式或過去進行式(時間上是同時的)。其句子結構為：賓語從句的謂語be和were(was)，實義動詞用過去式。例：
1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 動詞過去式knew)我希望知道這個答案。(事實上是不知道)
2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但願我的家鄉四季如春。(事實上不可能)
3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但願我是只小鳥。(事實上不可能)
4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,過去虛擬動詞were)(事實上並不在家)
5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,過去虛擬動詞understood)
現在他在中國，他希望能懂得中文。(事實上並不懂)
6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,過去虛擬動詞were)(事實上並不和我們在一起)
二）、對過去情況的虛擬（和過去的事實相反）：
用wish表示對過去事情的遺憾。其句子結構為：賓語從句的謂語用過去完成時，或would, could, might+現在完成時。例：
1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time.
我後悔不該浪費這么多時間。(事實上已浪費了)
2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance.
他真希望沒有失去機會。(其實已失去)
3. We wished he had spoken to us.
(wished，had + spoken)(事實上他並沒同我們講)
4. I wish you had called earlier.
(wish, had + called)(事實上已遲了)
5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.
(will wish,had + listened)(事實上並不如此)
例題分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept
動詞wish後面接從句，表達不可能實現或與事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，即用過去式（表示現在發生的動作）或過去完成式（表示過去發生的動作）。本題後半句謂語動詞have用的是過去時had
to get up and come, 所以前面要用過去完成時表示過去發生的動作。所以, 選項A)could have slept是答案
三）、對將來情況的虛擬(表示將來的主觀願望)：
從句動詞"would/should/could/might + 動詞原形"(時間上較後)(請注意：主句和從句的主語不相同)。用wish表示對將來事情的願望。例：
1. I wish it would stop raining.(虛擬動詞would+動詞原形stop)
我希望雨能停止。(事實上雨還在下著呢)
2. I wish you would be quiet.(would + be)
我希望你安靜一些。(事實上那傢伙還在吵著呢)
3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive)
你希望她第二天會到。(事實上她還沒到)
4. I wish she would change her mind.(would + change)
我希望她會改變主意。(呵呵，女孩子可沒那麼容易就改變主意喔)
5. He will wish we would join him the following week.(would + join)
(只是希望我們和他在一起，實際上還沒在一起)
四）、注意：
1.如果將wish改為過去式wished, 其後that 從句中的動詞形式不變。例如：
I wished I hadn't spent so much money.
我要是那時沒有花掉那麼多錢就好了。
2. 如果that 從句中用would , 一般表示對現狀不滿或希望未來有所改變或請求
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
二、在表示建議、命令、要求、忠告等動詞的後面的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
由於這些動詞本身隱含說話者的主觀意見，認為某事應該或不應該怎樣，這些詞語後面的「that」從句應用虛擬語氣，且均以「should+動詞原形」表示這種語氣，但事實上「should」常被省略，故此從句中謂語動詞用原形，常用的此類動詞有：
表示「要求」的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg
表示「提議、勸告、建議」的：move, prpose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote
表示「決定、命令」的：decide, order
表示「主張」的：maintain, urge
表示「同意、堅持」的：consent, insist
例如：
1.The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose his weight.
2.He insisted that we (should ) tell him the news.
3.When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, 「The razor and water do the job. 」(當我建議他用刮鬍膏時，他說「剃刀和水就行了」。)
4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. (他費了幾天功夫尋找理論根據，直到我建議拆開看看它是如何轉動的。)
5.One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English�speaking country. (我們建議學生應在說英語的國家呆上兩三年。)
在表示命令、建議、要求等一類動詞後面的從句中虛擬語氣很普遍，其結構如：
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist +... (should) do
6.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
7.He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
但注意：在insist 後的從句中, 如果是堅持自己, 用陳述語氣, 堅持別人做什麼事情, 用虛擬語氣.
8.she insists that she is right.
9.she insisted that I should finish the work at once.
或者說，suggest, insist不表示建議或堅持要某人做某事時，即它們用於其本意暗示、表明、堅持認為時，賓語從句用陳述語氣。
10.The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.
三、在expect, believe, think, suspect等動詞的否定或疑問形式後的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
在expect, believe, think, suspect等動詞的否定或疑問形式後的賓語從句中，我們經常用「should＋動詞原形(或完成形式)」，表示驚奇，懷疑，不滿等。
I never thought that he should be such a brave young soldier.
我們從來沒想到他是個如此勇敢的小戰士。
四、would rather ， would sooner，had rather， would (just) as soon ，would prefer之後的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
would rather , would sooner, had rather, would (just) as soon，would prefer（希望）也用來表達主觀願望，它們之後的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣。謂語動詞用過去式表示現在或將來，用過去完成式表示與過去事實相反。表示」寧願做什麼」或"對過去做的事的懊悔"。
(1).I would rather he came tomorrow than today.
(2).John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.
(3).Don' t live in the world, I would rather( I would just as soon) you die.
(4).I would rather you go tomorrow.
(5).I would rather everything hadn' t happened in the past.
(6).The manager would rather his daughter did not work in the same office．經理寧願她女兒不與他在同一間辦公室工作。
(7).To be frank，I'd rather you were not involved in the case．坦率地說，我希望你不要捲入這件事。
(8).You don't have to be in such a hurry．I would rather you went on business first．你沒有必要這么著急，我寧願你先去上班。
(9).I'd rather you didn't make any comment on the issue for the time being．我倒希望你暫時先不要就此事發表意見。
(10).Frankly speaking ，I'd rather you didn't do anything about it for the time being．坦白地說，我寧願你現在對此事什麼也不要做。
(11).Wouldn't you rather your child went to bed early？為什麼你不願讓你的孩子早點上床呢？
(12).I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday．我真希望你昨天把這本書還了。
註：①若某人願自己做某事，would rather後用動詞原形
I would rather stay at home today．
②would rather．．．than．．．中用動詞原形
I would rather stay at home than go out today．
五、「had hoped」後的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣
用「had hoped」表示原來希望做到而實際上未能實現的事情，其賓語從句的謂語用「would+動詞原形」。
I had hoped that she would go to the U.S. and study there, but she said she liked to stay in China.我原本希望她到美國去念書，但她說她喜歡留在中國。
主語從句中的虛擬語氣
一、「It is (was)+形容詞（或過去分詞）+that……」結構中的虛擬語氣
在形如「It is (was)+形容詞（或過去分詞）+that……」結構中，使用某些表示願望、建議、請求、命令、可能、適當、較好、迫切、緊近、重要等形容詞後的主語從句的謂語也用虛擬語氣。其表達形式為should ＋動詞原形或省略should直接用動詞原形（美國英語中省去should）
常用的形容詞：* natural (自然的), appropriate (適當的),advisable (合適的), preferable (更可取的), better (更好的)* necessary (必須的), important (重要的), imperative (急需的), urgent (急迫的), essential (本質的), vital (必不可少的)* probable (很可能的), possible (可能的)* desirable (極好的)advisable（合理的），compulsory（必須的），crucial（緊急的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），incredible（驚人的），necessary（必要的），possible（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（緊迫的）。
常用的過去分詞(Past Participle):* required (需要的), demanded (要求), requested (被請求的), desired (要求)* suggested (建議), recommended (推薦)* orderd (命令)
1. It is necessary that we (should 可省略,下同）have a walk now.(necessary, should + have) (表示有需要去散步)
2.It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.(necessary, should + make) (表示有必要事先做好准備)
3. It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.(required, should + smoke) (表示要求不要在此抽煙)
4. It is important that every pupil (should) be able to understand therule of school.(important, should + be) (表示重要的是學生都能了解校規)
5. It's important that we (should) take good care of the patient.(important, should + take) (表示重要的是照顧好病人)
6. It is natural that she should do so. (形容詞natural, should+動詞原形do)
7.It is essential that these application forms be sent back as early as possible．這些申請表應盡早地寄回，這是很重要的。
8.It is vital that enough money be collected to fund the project．重要的是募集足夠的錢，為這個項目提供資金。
9.It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening．希望我們今晚一切都准備就緒。
註：在上述所列形容詞後面用that引出的賓語從句中，謂語動詞也要用虛擬語氣。
10.I don't think it advisable that Tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience．湯姆缺乏經驗，指派他做這項工作我認為是不恰當的。
二、在It is ＋名詞＋that…的主語從句中的虛擬語氣
在It is ＋名詞＋that的主語從句中，常用虛擬語氣，表示建議、命令、請求、道歉、懷疑、驚奇等。這類名詞
有：advice ，decision ，desire ，demand ，idea，motion ，order，pity ，preference ，proposal，recommendation ，
requirement，resolution，shame，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。
⑴、It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad．我建議派他去國外進一步學習。
虛擬語氣用在表語從句或同位語從句中
當某些表示建議、請求、命令等主觀意向的名詞作主語時，其後的表語從句或同位語從句需用虛擬語氣，其表達形式為should ＋動詞原形或直接用動詞原形。這類名詞常見的有：
demand (要求), desire (請求),requirment (要求)
advice (勸告), recommendation (建議),suggestion (建議)
order (命令)
necessity (必要地), preference (優先)
proposal (計劃), plan (計劃), idea (辦法)，
recommendation以及plan，idea，resolution等。
We are all for your proposal that the discussion be put off．我們都贊成你提出的將討論延期的建議。
The suggestion that the mayor present the prizes was accepted by
everyone．由市長頒發獎金的建議被每個人接受。
⑴、 The advice is that we (should 可省略，下同) leave at once.
(名詞advice，should + leave) (表示加以勸告)
⑵、 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the
conference.
(idea, should + get) (表示做出主意)
⑶、 I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
(proposal, should + hold) (表示做出計劃)
⑷、 The judge assented to the suggestion that .
〔A〕both of the criminals will soon be set freedom
〔B〕some of the criminals there are of guilt only
〔C〕the girl was to be paroled in the custody of a welfare society
〔D〕the prisoner be sentenced to death
希望這些對你有幫助!
⑨ 虛擬語氣
與將來相反的虛擬語氣，不全都用 would have。
1.wish should/would/might/could +動詞原形
例如：I wish I could go to America我希望我能去美國。
2.if + should/would +動詞原形， sb should/would/might/could +動詞原形
例如：If they should consult the matter ，they would get a correct solution。
如果它們把那件事磋商一下，他們會得出一個正確的辦法。
3.would rather （that） +過去式
例如：I『d rather you didn't criticize him.
我希望你不要批評他。
虛擬語氣主要用來表示假設，而非客觀存在的事實，所陳述的是一個條件，不一定是事實，甚至完全與事實相反。虛擬語氣通過謂語動詞的特殊形式來表示。英語中的語氣分為陳述語氣、祈使語氣、虛擬語氣三類。
虛擬語氣表示說話者做出的假設而非事實，或難以實現的情況，甚至表達徹底相反的概念。此外如需表達主觀願望或某種強烈的感情時，也可用虛擬語氣。
(9)初中英語面試虛擬語氣怎麼講擴展閱讀：
在表示假想的虛假的、與事實相反的或難以實現的情況時用虛擬語氣，表示主觀願望或某種強烈情感時，也用虛擬語氣。即當一個人說話時欲強調其所說的話是基於自己的主觀想法，願望，假想，猜測，懷疑或建議，而不是根據客觀實際，就用虛擬語氣。主要是英語語法的一種表達。
虛擬語氣表示說話人的主觀願望、猜疑、建議或與事實不符的假設等，而不表示客觀存在的事實。虛擬語氣是由句中的謂語動詞的特殊形式表示出來的。如：
1 If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air.
如果我是一隻小鳥，我就能在空中飛行。
2 I wish I could pass the examination.
我希望我能通過考試。
3 May you succeed!
祝你成功！
4 If only we had been college students last year!
上一年我們要是大學生該多好！
條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實條件句，一類為非真實條件句。非真實條件句表示的是假設或實際可能性不大的甚至完全不可能發生的情況，故採用虛擬語氣。
例如：
1 If he doesn't hurry up，he will miss the bus.如果他不快點，他將錯過巴士。( 真實)
2 If he is free，he will ask me to tell stories.如果他有空，他會要求我講故事。（真實）
3 If I were you，I would go at once.如果我是你，我馬上就會去。（我不可能是你。非真實，虛擬語氣，與現在事實相反）
4 If there were no air，people would die.如果沒有空氣，人就會死亡。（不可能沒有空氣。非真實，虛擬語氣，與現在事實相反）
⑩ 英語中語法虛擬語氣怎麼講
虛擬語氣講解一．非真實條件句的虛擬情況: 句型條件從句 主句對現在的虛擬were/didshould/would/could/might+v.對過去的虛擬had doneshould/would/could/might+have+done 對將來的虛擬1.were/did2.were to3.should+v. Should/would/could/might+v.1.與現在事實相反的條件e.g. If I were you, I would go at once. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.2.與過去事實相反e.g. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. If she had told him about the danger, he would not have hurt.3.與將來事實相反e.g. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. If we were to panic(受驚,驚慌), we should not be able to help.4.混合時間條件句：主從句不一定用指同一時間的動詞。即:假設條件從句謂語動詞發生的時間與主句所假設的謂語動詞不一致，叫做混合虛擬語氣（錯綜條件虛擬語氣）。主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照假設的時間而定。e.g. If you ____that late movie last night, you wouldn』t be so sleepy.A.haven』t watched B.didn』t watchC. hadn』t watched D.wouldn』t watchedIf Paul had received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teacher』s advice, you wouldn』t be in the hospital. e.g If I had gone to a key university, I would earn more money now.5．含蓄條件句：有時假設的條件不通過條件從句表示而含蓄在介詞短語或上下文中。 (1) without 和but for (要不是) 構成虛擬。 e.g Without ( but for ) the party, we wouldn』t be so happy. We might have died without your help. = We might have died if you hadn』t helped us. (2) otherwise , or ( 否則， 要不然) =if…not… e.g. He studies very hard, or/otherwise he couldn』t study so well. I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you. =If I had not been so busy last week, I would have come to see you. ( 3 ) if only後加句子… 「要是……就好了」 注意：「if only」e.g. If only I could learn English in one day. If only it wasn』t raining. If only Jim had passed the exam. If only Sam would reply to my letter. 6．假設虛擬條件倒裝。 條件從句中有 shouid,were,had 三個助動詞，可以把 if 省略，並將這三個詞提到句首 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up.If it were not for your advice, we couldn』t have got over the difficulties. Were not for your advice, we couldn』t have got over the difficulties二．虛擬語氣用於賓語從句中。現在：過去時（were/did）</b></B>過去：過去完成時(dad done)</b></B>未來：would/could/might+V. should(不常用)</b></B> 1. wish引起的表示願望的虛擬語氣wish +(that)+主語 + e.g. I wish I could buy a spaceship some day. I wish that he wasn』t so lazy. The exhibition was so bored that I wish I had not gone to it.2. would rather(that)+從句，表示「願望」的虛擬would rather (that) + 主語 + e.g. I would rather you had gone there.(與過去相反) 你要是去那裡就好了。 I would rather you stayed at home now.(與現在) I would rather you could go to America tomorrow.3.用於表示意願,建議，命令，請求，提議等動詞後的that賓語從句中，用(should)+動詞原形,這類動詞有:ask, advise, arrange(安排), beg, command, decide, demand, desire, determine, insist (堅持要求,硬要), intend, propose, object(反對), order, require, request, suggest(建議)… 一個堅持，兩個命令，三個建議，四個要求。即1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand , require, request, desiree.g. She advised that we should keep the door locked. He suggests that she should leave the dangerous house at once. His face suggested that he was angry.(暗示) He insisted that he was innocent.(堅稱,堅持說) He insisted that she (should) show him her passport.三． 用於主語從句中。 （1）It』s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that---Clause 從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即（should）+動詞原形Eg.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.It』s necessary that we should study hard. （2）It』s+ a pity / a shame +that—clause從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即（should）+動詞原形 e.g It』s a pity that I should miss the film. (3) It』s + p.p + that—clause從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即（should）+動詞原形， 其中的p.p 為建議，要求，命令的動詞。如：insisted ,ordered , requested ,required ,demanded etc. e.g It was ordered that the old sick man (should) be sent to the hospital at once.四．用於表語從句。主語為表示建議。要求，命令等的名詞 如： insistence, order ,advice ,suggestion ,proposal ,reqirement 等e.g My suggestion is that English test( should) be read aloud by students every morning.五．用於同位語從句 e.g His suggestion that students should wear school uniform has been agreed. 六．用在as if(as though)引導的方式狀語(表語)從句中,動詞形式和wish賓語從句的形式相同。 as if /though +主語 +e.g. You are talking as if you had seen them. He speaks English as if he were an Englishman. She looks as if she would cry.主語+should+V.(should不能省略)主語+過去時七．用在定語從句中It is (about/high) time that e.g. It is time that you should have a class.=It is time that you had a class. 可該上課了(早該上課了，你怎麼還不去?) It is time for you to have a class.該上課了.(上課的時間到了.) It is time that you should leave. =It is time you left.