怎麼分析句子成分初中英語
A. 初中英語句子結構分析
學好英語 句子 直接影響學生的 英語口語 和 英語寫作 能力。下面是我帶來的初中英語句子結構分析，歡迎閱讀!
初中英語句子結構分析閱讀
一、詞性的概念：
英語中的單詞根據詞義、句法作用和形式特徵所作的分類。共有十類：名詞、動詞、形容詞、代詞、數詞、冠詞、副詞、介詞、連詞、感嘆詞。
1、名詞,"名"就是名稱---人或事物的名稱.具體的人或物體的名稱:人名---Mike, Li Ming;地名—America, China動物名---pig, dog;植物名---tree, wheat。抽象的事物的名稱:idea(主意), victory(勝利), knowledge(知識).
2、代詞，何謂“代”?即是替代的意思，主要是來替代名詞，所以說名詞和代詞關系是很近的，或者說代詞的實質就是名詞，正是這種血液關系，絕大多數時候代詞跟名詞在句中起的作用是一樣的。代詞，從英語詞彙的整體來看數量並不多。
3、動詞,"動"就是動作--人的五官動作: walk, jump, swim;人的大腦動作(心理活動): think, imagine。也有些動詞是表示靜止的，如：am，is，are。
4、形容詞，我們在談論人或物時，常說：“你描述一下是什麼樣子。”你就要用上：tall(高的)，short矮的)，black(黑的)，white(白的)這些詞往往是修飾名詞，它們就是形容詞。
5、副詞，說人行走得快慢，講話清楚，在英語里就要用quickly(快地)，slowly(慢地)，clearly(清楚地)這些詞往往來修飾動詞。它們就是副詞。副詞很多是從形容詞加ly構成的，所以看單詞詞尾是否有ly是判斷是否是副詞的一種 方法 ，但是詞尾是ly的也不一定都是副詞，可能是形容詞，不過只有少量的單詞(常見的有likely，friendly lovely，lonely，weekly，monthly，yearly),這幾個單詞需要加強記憶，也不就是幾個單詞特殊嘛，不過
考試往往就考特殊的，你要小心才是呀!
6、介詞，英語用詞里介詞也屬於難纏的一個。因為它涉及方面廣，而且變化多端，往往令人捉摸不定，記起來很麻煩。別怕別怕，大部份介詞都不難理解，比較令人頭痛的只是下列幾個at, by, to,in,for,of,on,from,with，其中又以at, by, in, on為四大“要犯"!學習介詞就是要抓住這幾"要犯"，還要提醒你的是，介詞同名詞“關系”最好，是“鐵”哥們，所以往往你見到介詞的地方你就會見到名詞,而且還有一個詞類往往和他們兩個往往在一起，那就是冠詞，他們三個形成一個“小集團”。
7、連詞，如果我們想把單詞與單詞、 短語 與短語、句子與句子連接起來就要用連詞。連詞不能單獨作句子成分，只能和其他詞類一起作句子成分。常見的連詞有：and, but, or, both .. and, neither..nor, not only ..but also, when,where, before, after, if 等等
8、冠詞，英語中只有三個詞：a\an (不定冠詞)the (定冠詞)，簡單來說，不定冠詞表示泛指，定冠詞表示特指，冠詞與名詞關系緊密，一般是放在名詞之前。定冠詞也不能單獨做主語賓語等等什麼啦，只能和其他詞類結合作句子成分。
9、數詞，顧名思義，跟數字有關的詞就是數詞，英語中的數詞有兩種，基數詞和序數詞。基數詞，比如：one two, three, four, five, six, seven等等，序數詞，比如：first, second, third, fourth, fifth 等等。
10、感嘆詞，主要是來表示喜怒哀樂等感情的，比如：oh, ah, well等等，這一詞類在十大詞類中並不重要，了解即可。
二、簡單的五種基本句型：
1、S(主)+ Vi(不及物動詞)(謂語)——→主動結構
例如：Time flies.
1)S + V +副詞(狀語)
例如：Birds singbeautifully.
2)S + Vi +介詞短語(狀語)
例如：He went onholiday.
3)S + Vi +不定式(狀語)
例如：We stopped tohave a rest.
4)S + Vi +分詞(狀語)
例如：I'll goswimming.
2、S (主)+ Vt(及物動詞)(謂語)+ O(賓語)——→主動賓結構 例如：We likeEnglish.
1)S + Vt +名詞/代詞
例如：I like music.
2)S + Vt +不定式
例如：I want tohelp him.
[說明]常用於這句型的動詞有：decide, hope, learn,need, promise, want,等。
3)S + Vt +疑問詞+不定式
例如：I don't knowwhat to do.
[說明]常用於這句型的動詞有：ask, decide, find out, forget, know等。
4)S + Vt +動名詞
例如：I enjoyliving here.
[說明]常用於這句型的動詞有：advise, enjoy, finish, mind, practise等。
5)S + Vt +賓語從句
例如：I don't think(that) he is right.
[說明]常用於這句型的動詞有：hope, know, notice, think, wonder等。
【難點】
3、S (主)+ V(謂語)(系動詞)+ P(表語)——→主系表結構
例如：We areChinese.
[說明]Ⅰ.除了be系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞，①表感官的動詞，feel, smell,taste, sound, look, seem等。②表轉變變化的動詞，become, get, grow, turn,go,等。③表延續的動詞keep, seem等。④表瞬時的動詞come, fall等。
Ⅱ.表語也就是主語的補足語。
1)S + V +名詞/代詞
例如：He is a boy.
2)S + V +形容詞
例如：She isbeautiful.
3)S + V + Adv副詞
例如：Class isover.
4)S + V +介詞短語
例如：He is in goodhealth.
5)S + V+分詞
例如：He isexcited.
4、S (主)+ Vt(謂語)+ In O(間接賓語)+ D O(直接賓語)—→主動雙賓結構 例如：I give youhelp.
1)S + Vt +間接賓語+直接賓語
例如：I sent him abook.
2)S + Vt +直接賓語+ To/for +間接賓語
例如：He sent abook to me.
[說明]①間接賓語前需要加to的常用動詞有：bring, give,lend, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell, wish, write等。
②間接賓語前需要加for的常用動詞有：buy, get,make等。
【難點】
5、S (主)+ Vt(謂語)+ O(賓語)+ O C(賓語補足語)——→主動賓補結構 例如：I make youclear.
[強調]賓語和賓語補足語之間通常具有邏輯主謂關系。
1)S + Vt +賓語+名詞
例如：We named ourbaby Tom.
[說明]常用於這句型的動詞有：call, find, make, name等。
2)S + Vt +賓語+形容詞
例如：He paintedthe wall white.
[說明]常用於這句型的動詞有：cut, find, keep, leave, make, see, wash等。
3)S + Vt +賓語+介詞短語
例如：She alwayskeeps everything in good order.
4)S + Vt +賓語+不定式
例如：I wish you tostay.
[說明]常用於這句型的動詞有：①不定式帶to的詞：ask, invite,tell, want, warn, wish等。②不定式不帶to的詞：have, know,let, make, notice, see, watch等。
5)S + Vt +賓語+分詞
例如：I heard myname called(表示被動).
I feelsomething moving(表示進行).
[說明]常用於這句型的動詞有：notice, observe, see, watch等。
6)S + Vt +賓語+疑問詞+不定式
例如：He show mehow to do it.
[說明]常用於這句型的動詞有：ask, show, teach, tell等。
初中英語句子結構分析練習
1.判斷下列各句的基本結構。
1)Mr. Black isEnglish.
__________________________________________
2)The teachertaught us some new words.
__________________________________________
3)The farmer ispicking the apples.
__________________________________________
4)Thetemperature dropped.
__________________________________________
5)They turnedto the right.
__________________________________________
6)I would like to be your pen-friend.
__________________________________________
7)I have short black hair and browneyes.
__________________________________________
8)I alsoenjoy playing chess.
__________________________________________
9)I have abrother called Edwin.
__________________________________________
10)Myambition is to be an engineer.
__________________________________________
2.句子成分判斷：
A.指出下列句中主語的中心詞
1)Theteacherwith two of his students is walking into the classroom.
2)Thereis an oldmancoming here.
3)Theusefuldictionarywas given by my mother lastyear.
4)To do today's homeworkwithout the teacher's help is very difficult.
5)Thegoodomenof his birth was destined to changehis fortune.
B.選出句中謂語的中心詞
1)Idon't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall
2)Thedays get longer and longer when summer comes.
A.get B. longer C.days D. summer
3)Doyou usually go to school by bus?
A.Do B. usually C. go D. bus
4)Therewill be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
A. will be B. meeting C. thelibrary D. afternoon
5)Didthe twins have porridge for their breakfast?
A. Did B.twins C. have D. breakfast
C.挑出下列句中的賓語
1)Mybrotherhasn'tdonehis homework.
A B C D
2)Peoplealloverthe worldspeakEnglish.
A B C D
3)Youmust .
A B C D
4)Some of the students in the school want to go swimming,how about you?
A B C D
5)Theydidn't knowwho"FatherChristmas" really is.
A B C D
D.挑出下列句中的賓語補足語
1)Shelikesthe childrento read newspapers and booksin thereading-room.
A B C D
2)Heaskedhertotake the boyout of school.
A B C D
3)Shefounditdifficultto do the work.
A B C D
4)TheycallmeLilysometimes.
A B C D
5)Did you seeLi Mingplayingfootballon the playgroundjust now?
A B C D E.劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語
1))Pleasetellus a story.
2)Myfather boughta new bikeformelast week.
3)Mr.Li is going to teachus historynext term.
4)Hereis a pen. GiveittoTom.
5)Didhe leaveany messageforme.
參考答案：
1、1)SVC 2)SVOO 3)SVO 4)SV 5)SV 6)SVO 7)SVO
8)SVO 9)SVOC 10)SVC
B. 如何辨別初中英語的句子成分
主語一般由名詞、代詞或相當與名詞的詞或短語短語等充當，表示句子所說的「什麼人」或「什麼事物"
謂語（謂語部分里的主要的詞）用動詞、謂語和主語在「人稱」和「數」兩方面必須一致，表示主語「是什麼」或怎麼樣。
表語由名詞、形容詞或相當於名詞或形容詞的詞或短語等充當，和系動詞一起構成謂語，表示主語「是什麼」或怎麼樣
賓語是動作的對象或承受者，常位於及物動詞或介詞後面。賓語可由名詞、代詞、數詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動名詞、賓語從句等來擔任。
定語：用於描述名詞,代詞,短語或從句的性質,特徵范圍等情況的詞叫做定語,
定語可以由名詞,形容詞和起名詞和形容詞作用的詞,短語擔任。如果定語是單個
詞,定語放在被修飾詞的前面,如果是片語,定語放在被修飾詞的後面。
狀語：說明事物發生的時間,地點,原因,目的,結果方式,
條件或伴隨情況,程度等情況的詞叫狀語。狀語可以由副詞,
短語以及從句來擔任。
補語是述補結構中補充說明述語的結果、程度、趨向、可能、狀態、數量等的成分。
補語與述語之間是補充與被補充、說明與被說明的關系,是補充說明動詞或形容詞性中心語的，可以回答「怎麼樣」、「多少次」、「何處」、「何時」、「什麼結果」等問題。補語都放在中心語後頭，除了趨向動詞、數量詞、介賓結構和一部分形容詞可以直接作補語外。補語多用形容詞、數量詞、趨向動詞、介賓結構來擔任，各種關系的片語也常作補語。
口訣：
主謂賓、定狀補，主幹枝葉分清楚。
定語必居主賓前，謂前為狀謂後補。
狀語有時位主前，逗號分開心有數。
C. 初中英語句子成分分析法
英語句子是英語對話和文章的基礎。下面是我帶來的初中英語句子成分分析，歡迎閱讀!
初中英語句子成分分析精選
句子是由各種詞類按照一定的語法規則組成的，可以表達完整的概念。句子開頭第一個字母一定要大寫，結尾要註明標點符號。
一、句子的成分
組成句子的各個部分叫作句子的成分。句子的成分有主語、謂語、表語、賓語直接賓語和間接賓語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語。其中主語和謂語是句子的主體，表語、賓語和賓語 補足語是謂語的組成部分，其他成分如定語和狀語是句子的次要部分。
1 主語 表示所說的「是什麼」或「是誰」，通常用名詞、代詞、不定式或相當於名詞的詞、短語或從句擔任。主語要放在句首。
To say is one thing, and to do is another. 說是一回事，做是另一回事。不定式作主語 What you said hurt me badly. 你所說的話深深地刺傷了我。從句作主語
2 謂語 起著說明主語的動作、特徵或狀態的作用，必須用動詞表示。謂語和主語在人稱和數兩方面要一致，通常在主語之後。謂語通常有三個表現形式：
1動詞或動詞短語作謂語
He studies hard. 他學習很努力。 The performance has already begun.演出已經開始。
2謂語動詞和賓語及賓語補語作謂語
They are picking apples. 他們正在摘蘋果。 He made us laugh heavily.他使我們大笑不止。
3連系動詞和表語作謂語 Her mother is an inspector. 她的母親是一位檢查官。
It is getting dark. 天色漸漸地黑了下來。
He is feeling well. 他現在感覺身體很好。
句子成分巧劃分 ：主在前，謂在中，賓語、狀語後面沖。短語定語主賓後，形、代定語主賓前。間賓直賓緊相依，直、間之間to、for連，賓補位於賓語後，地狀常在時狀前。
3 表語 用於說明主語的性質、特徵、身份或狀態，可以由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞和不定式 以及相當於名詞或形容詞的詞或短語來擔任，表語要放在連系動詞之後。
Her job is to wash all the sheets and the clothes. 她的工作是洗這些床單和衣服。不定式作表語 Teaching is learning. 教學相長。動名詞作表語
4 賓語 是及物動詞所示動作的物件或介詞的物件，由名詞、代詞、不定式或相當於名詞的詞、 短語及從句都可以擔任作賓語。賓語要放在謂語動詞及物動詞或介詞之後。
Do you enjoy living here? 你願意住在這里嗎? 動名詞作賓語
I want only one. 我只要一個。數詞作賓語
I don't think you are right. 我認為你不對。從句作賓語
注意：①某些及物動詞之後要求有雙賓語即直接賓語和間接賓語， 直接賓語指物，間接賓語指人。這一類動詞有：bring, give, pass, tell, hand, show, s end, read, leave, teach, find, buy, make, do, get, order, play, sing, pay等。
She showed me a few magazines. 她拿出了一些雜志給我看。
I promised her a wonderful present on her birthday .我答應在她生日那天給她一件奇妙的禮物。
②在需要的情況下，間接賓語也可以位於直接賓語之後，但此時間接賓語之前需要加介詞。 She made me a sweater. She made a sweater for me. 她給我織了一件毛衣。
He left her three children. He left three children to her 他給她留下三個孩子。
③有些及物動詞的後面，其賓語還需要有一個補足語，才能表達完整的意思。這樣的賓語和賓語補足語稱為復合賓語。名詞、形容詞、不定式或介詞短語都可以作賓語補足語。
The couple named the baby Mary.名詞作賓 補 這對夫妻給孩子取名叫瑪麗。
He made her unhappy. 他使她很不高興。形容詞作賓補
「Let me out!」 The boy cried. 「讓我出去!」那男孩喊道。副詞作賓補
She saw a man in front of the gate. 她看見門外有一個男人。介詞短語作賓補
She often helps me do the housework. 她經常幫助我做家務。不定式作賓補
I kept you waiting for half an hour. 我讓你等了半個小時。動名詞作賓補
5 狀語
狀語用於修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。通常表示行為發生的時間、地點、目的、方 式、程度等。狀語一般由副詞、介詞短語、分詞和分詞短語、不定式或相當於副詞的詞或短 語來擔當。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。
She drove fast.副詞作狀語 她把車開得飛快。
There is a shelter under the post office.
在郵局的地底下，有一個掩蔽所。介詞短語作狀語
To liberate our country, they devoted their lives.
為了解放祖國，他們獻出了生命。不定式短語作狀語
Seeing his old mother, the man went towards her and threw himself on his knees.
那人一看見年邁的母親就跑上前去跪倒在她面前。分詞短語作狀語
It was blowing hard when she was on her way home yesterday.
昨天她回家的路上，風颳得正大。從句作狀語
6 定語
定語用於修飾名詞或代詞。可以擔任定語的有形容詞、代詞、名詞、數詞、名詞所有格、副 詞、不定式、分詞和分詞短語、介詞短語及從句等等。定語的位置很靈活，凡有名詞和代詞 的地方都可以有定語。
The man outside the teacher's office is his father.辦公室外面的那人是他的父親。介詞短語作定語 I'll have a lot of clothes to wash this Saturday. 這個星期六我要洗好多衣服。不定式作定語 Will you say something about your travelling experience? 動名詞作定語
The woman who is singing on the stage is her aunt.從句作定語正在台上演唱的那女人是她姑姑。
二、句子的種類
一、簡單句
簡單句只包含一個主謂結構，並且各個結構都是由單詞或短語組成，不包含任何從句。有五種基本句型。
1.主語+謂語不及物動詞
The new term begins. 新學期開始了。
2.主語+謂語及物動詞+賓語
The girl is learning to play the piano. 這個女孩在學彈鋼琴。
3.主語+連系動詞+表語
The rice got burned。 飯燜煳了。
4.主語+謂語及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語
He bought her a watch. 他給她買了一塊表。
5. 主語+謂語及物動詞+賓語+賓語補語
We all believed you honest. 我們都認為你是誠實的。
二、並列句簡單句+連詞+簡單句
並列句是由兩個或多個簡單句連線而成的。其中的各個簡單句並列平行，同等重要，相互之 間沒有從屬關系，能夠獨立成句。它們之間要用連詞連線。並列句可分為四種：
1.表示相同關系 用連詞或逗號、分號連線構成並列句。常用連詞有：and, not only...but also..., neither...nor...
Susan not only runs fast, but also jumps high. 蘇姍不但跑得快，而且跳得高。
I could neither swim nor skate. 我既不會游泳，也不會滑冰。
2.表示轉折關系 常用連詞有：but, still, yet, while等。
It was late at night, but he went on doing his homework.夜已深了，但是他還在繼續做作業。
She was busy cooking while they were watching TV.她忙著做飯，而他們卻在看電視。
The film is not perfect, still, it's good.這部影片雖然不是無可挑剔，但還是好的。
3.表示選擇關系 常用連詞為：or, either...or...。
The teacher wanted to see either his father or mother.老師要見一下他的父親或是母親。
Either this road or that on e can lead you to that hospital.這條路或那條路都通往那家醫院。
Hurry up,or you'll miss the train.
4.表示因果關系 常用連詞有for和so。
We hurried to the railway station, for there was little time for the train to leave.
我們急忙趕往車站，因為火車很快就要開了。
The teacher asked Susan to go, so she went did.老師讓蘇姍到她那去，因此她就去了。
三、復合句主句+連詞+從句
包含一個主句，一個或一個以上的從句的句子叫復合句。從句從屬於主句並充當主句的某一成分，如主語，表語，賓語，定語，狀語等。中考主要考賓語、定語、狀語從句。注意引導詞、語序和時態。
初中英語句子成分分析練習
鞏固練習 同義句轉換
1.There is only a chair in the room.同義句轉換
There is _________ _________a chair in the room..
2. Mrs.Smith is busy. She is doing her housework now.
Mrs.Smith is_________ _________ her housework now.
3.The teacher said，「Don』t cheat in exams，children!」
The teacher told the children _________ _________ cheat in exams.
4.Nick was so tired that he couldn』t walk any further. 全品中考網
Nick was _____________________________ any further.
5.We can』t finish the project on time unless you support us.
The project can』t be finished on time ______________________________.
6.Shall we watch the exciting ping-pong match together?
______________________________watch the exciting ping-pong match together?
7.My cousin usually walks to school every morning. 改為同義句
My cousin usually goes to school _________ _________ every morning. 對劃線部分提問
__________ _________is your friend?
9. 「Are you going to visit Zi Gong next Week?」Father asked me.改為間接引語
Father asked me __________I________going to visit Zi Gong next week. 對劃線部分提問
___________ _________you use to stay on family holidays?
11.James spent ten years making this amazing film保持句意基本不變
__________ _________James ten years to make this amazing film.
12.Chris has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup.
Karen has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup, too. 合並為一句
_________Chris _________Karen have gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup.
13.Visitors love this city because it has historical sights and delicious food.改為簡單句
Visitors love this city__________ _________its historical sights and delicious food.
14. 對劃線部分提問
___________________from Fukang to Unmnqi by bus? 對劃線部分提問
_______________this new puter __________________?
16、不同句子結構的轉換，主要指簡單句、並列句和復合句間的轉換
1We found him a good pupil. We found _______ ______ _______ a good pupil.
2The room is so *** all that my family can't live in it.
The room isn't ______ _______ ____ my family ___ live in.
The room is ______ *** all ________ my family _______ live in.
3His grandfather died ten years ago. It ____ ten years ___ his grandfather ______ .
4I'm not sure what I should do next. I'm not sure _____ ___ ____ next.
5Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. ___ you ___ hurry up, you'll miss the train.
17、根據句意的轉換
1 Yesterday everyone of us went to the farm except Lucy.
________ Lucy _______ go to the farm with us yesterday.
2Sam is friendly to his clas *** ates and his clas *** ates are friendly to him.
Sam _______ ______ well with his clas *** ates.
3Lily was born ten minutes earlier than I was. I am ten minutes _______ than Lily.
4English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.
English _____ the largest number of ________ in the world.
5It's your turn to do it. It's _____ ____ you to do it.
6 It rained heavily last night. There ______ _____ _____ last night.
7 The building is beautiful and there are many tall trees around it.
The building _____ many tall trees all _______ is beautiful.
8 I spent two hours reading the book yesterday.
_____ ______ me two hours ______ _____ the book yesterday.
9 He bought the book two weeks ago. He _____ _____ the book ____ two weeks.
10 You're very kind to help me with my maths.
___ __ very kind ___ you ___ help me with my maths.
11 My grandfather died ten years ago.
My grandfather ______ ______ ______ ______ ten years ago.
12 I think it is different from Chinese names. I don't think it is _____ _____ as Chinese names.
13 They planted millions of trees to save the farmland.
They planted millions of trees _____ _____ the farmland _____ ____ saved.
15The man thinks the same as I. The man ______ ______ me.
D. 初中英語語法句子成分
語法是語言詞與句構成規律的 總結 。它是學習一門語言的基礎,學好語法是學習者有效輸出的前提和有力保證。下面是我帶來的初中英語語法 句子 成分，歡迎閱讀!
初中英語語法句子成分精選
一、句子成分精講
句子成分：主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補語等。
主要成分：主語和謂語
1、主語
一個句子中需要加以說明或描述的對象。主語的位置：
The school is far from here. 名詞做主語
She goes to school by bike.
Eight is a lucky number.
The blind need more help. 代詞做主語 數詞做主語 名詞化的形容詞做主語
There is a pen on the desk. 名詞做主語
Predicting the future is interesting.
To be a doctor is my dream.
2、謂語
表示人或事物(主語)的動作和存在的狀態.
英語中由動詞be、動詞have和行為動詞來充當謂語動詞 句子的時態和語態是通過謂語表現出來。
謂語動詞往往由一個或一個以上的構成。 分析句子的主語和謂語
Mr. Li teaches English.
He can play the piano.
My parents and I are having dinner.
3、表語
用來說明主語的身份、特徵、性質、狀態。
表語的位置
用在動詞be和系動詞的後面。
名詞、代詞、數詞、介詞 短語 、副詞等都可以和連系動詞一起構成復合謂語。 Your pen is on the desk.
He got very angry.
My dream is to have a robot. 動名詞做主語 不定式短語做主語
常見的系動詞
1. be動詞
2. 與感覺有關的動詞 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 等
3. 表示狀態變化的動詞，意為“變得” “變成” 如 get, grow, turn等
上述兩類詞作連系動詞時要用形容詞作表語,千萬不能用副詞。
4、賓語
是動作的對象或承受者。.
及物動詞:直接接賓語的謂語動詞.
不及物動詞:不能直接帶賓語的謂語動詞.
賓語可由名詞、代詞、數詞、不定式、動名詞、從句構成.
I saw a plane in the sky just now.
I want three. 名詞做賓語 數詞做賓語
I like going shopping. 動名詞做賓語
We think predicting the future is hard.
5、賓語補足語(賓補) 賓語從句
有些及物動詞除了要有一個賓語之外, 還須加上一個補足語。如果沒有補足語(賓補), 有時候句子的意思就不完整。 充當賓補的有:
1. 形容詞作賓語補足語
The sun keeps us warm.
2. 介詞短語作賓語補足語:
I found her in the room.
3. 副詞作賓語補足語。
Please let him in.
4. 名詞作賓語補足語。
We made him monitor of the class.
5. 動詞不定式和分詞也能用作賓語補足語。
I asked him to come.
6、定語
定語修飾名詞或代詞(即在漢語里的……的)
1. 形容詞作定語(一般放在被修飾語之前,修飾不定代詞時放在後面)
They have a clever son.
I have something important to tell you.
2. 名詞作定語:
Is it a color film?
名詞作定語一般用單數形式, 如:
school bus, ticket office, paper flowers
但也有例外,如: sports meeting, clothes shop
man 和 woman修飾的名詞如果是復數,它們總以復數的形式作定語,如:
men drivers , women doctors
3. 代詞作定語:
This song is better than that one.
4. 數詞作定語:
There are only thirty students in our class.
帶有數字的復合形容詞.當復合形容詞用連字型大小連接時,其中的名詞要用單數形式.
a two-day holiday a three-year-old boy
5. 副詞作定語():
Do you know the young man over there?
6. 介詞短語作定語(放在被修飾詞之後):
The students in our class like swimming.
7、狀語
, .
1. 副詞作狀語:
The old man is walking slowly.
The boy is very clever.
2. 介詞短語作狀語: 表方式 表程度
I have lived in Shanghai for five years.
3. 不定式作狀語 表時間
I come here to see you.
4. 現在分詞作狀語 表目的
The teacher came in, holding a book in his hand. 表方式
5. 狀語從句
We’ll go shopping if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
狀語的位置
1. 在一般情況下,用於句末。
We like our school very much.
2.為了強調狀語,可以把它放在句首.
I usually get up at six, but this morning I got up at eight.
3. 表頻度的副詞通常用於句中, 如always, usually, often, hardly, never,
用於行為動詞前,be動詞、助動詞和情態動詞後
I usually get up early.
He is often late.
一些副詞, 如already, once, just, soon, yet, still, nearly, almost, really, suddenly, certainly等用法相似 sometimes, now可以位於句首,句中或句末
only 在句中的位置比較靈活, 但位置不同, 意義也不同.
The actor only sang a song.
Only the actor sang a song.
The actor sang only one song.
兩個或多個狀語同時修飾時的順序
1. 地點狀語在前, 時間狀語在後.
We will have a meeting in Room 202 tomorrow.
2. 較小單位的狀語在前,由小到大
Mr. Li lives at 88 Chongwen Rd., Suzhou, Jiangsu.
3. 一個句子有幾個不同種類的副詞作狀語, 其順序大都是: 程度副詞,方式副詞, 地點副詞, 時間副詞 She sang very well at the meeting last night.
時間和地點狀語也可以位於句首, 表示強調或使上下文更為連貫
Usually I read the newspapers in the morning, but yesterday I read them in the evening.
初中英語語法句子成分練習
初中英語語法綜合練習題
1、 A.ask B.answer C.to ask
2、We'll try there on time.
A.to get B.getting C.got
3、They hoped their mother soon.
A.to see B.saw C.seeing
4、I'm glad A.meet B.met C.to meet
5、He often helps me my bike.
A.mending B.to mend C.to mended
6、I heard Alice in the next door.
A.sings B.sang C.sing
7、 it by himself.
A.do B.to do C.doing
8、He saw Dick in and take a book away.
A.came B.coming C.come
9、Does Jack want A.be B.is C.to be
10、The boss had them A.worked B.working C.work
11、It's time A.to go B.went C.going
12、 you.
A.to help B.help C.helped
13、Don't forget your books to school.
A.bring B.to bring C.brought
14、I don't know A.where does he live B.what is he doing
C.where he lives D.what he is dring it
15、Ask him how much A.did it cost B.cost it C.it costed D.it costs
16、 used for.
A.what was this room B.which was this room
C.what this room was D.that this room was
17、I really don't know A.where he was born B.where he is born
C.where was he born D.where is he born
18、We have no idea A.how worried was he B.how worried he was
C.that was he worried D.what was he worried
19、He wanted to know there.
A.how long time I had been B.how long had I been
C.how long I had been D.how long I was
20、My mother wants to know A.how is Tom getting along B.how he is getting along(相處)
C.what is he getting along D.what he is getting along
21、What shall we do A.if B.when C.since
22、手術 was over.
A.before B.after C.until
23、 A.when B.until C.because
24、 A.if B.while C.because
25、Finish doing your homework A.before B.until C.after
26、The film was
A.as, as B.So(形容詞), that C.Such(名詞), that
27、he heard a girl crying for help outside, he rushed out of the room.
A.Before B.As soon as C.after
28、There are in Class Two.
A.as many, than B.as much, as
C.more, than D.so many, as
29、I was watching TV, my sister was litening to the radio programme.
A.After B.While C.Before
30、Let's wait for him A.until, will come B.until, came
C.if, will come D.until, comes