介绍比利时英语怎么说
『壹』 比利时用英语怎么说
Belgium
『贰』 介绍比利时的英文文章，简单点的！！！
比利时王国(The Kingdom of Belgium ，Le Royaume de Belgique)
独立日：10月4日(1830年) 国庆日：7月21日(1831年前国王利奥波德一世登基日)
国旗：呈长方形，旗面从左到右由黑、黄、红三个平行相等的竖长方形相连构成。
比利时是欧洲大陆完美的缩影：旧大陆的魔力、极佳的烹饪术、黄金海滨和森林美色……尤以滑铁卢古战场名扬世界。中世纪时的比利时是一个南来北往的贸易必经之地，她逐渐成为欧洲最重要并最繁荣的地方，被誉为“西欧的十字路口”。
同时，这里也拥有著名的文化艺术城市。安特卫普是画家鲁本斯的故乡，在教堂和博物馆都陈列着鲁本斯的作品。布吕赫的运河和别致的建筑使它有“北方威尼斯”之称。
此外，比利时也是音乐、漫画、电影爱好者的天堂，这里每年都会有音乐节、漫画节及电影节。
目前，多个国际组织，如欧洲共同体、北约总部等等，又为这个国家，尤其是布鲁塞尔增色不少。
Belgium is a small, highly developed and densely populated country (10 million of inhabitants) at the cross-roads of Western Europe. Belgium is one of the founding members of the European Community, and its capital, Brussels, is also the capital of the European Union.Belgium's rich history has left impressive churches, town halls, castles and works of art, dating back to the early Middle Ages, spread around the cities and country-side.Belgium has possibly the highest "quality of life" in the world, as testified by its excellent food, housing, health care, ecation and infrastructure, its world records for high proctivity and low poverty, and the appreciation of foreigners residing in Belgium.
『叁』 比利时用英文怎么写
Belgium
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『肆』 比利时的英文简称
be.
如果你是要比利时的网站缩位就是be
『伍』 比利时的英语形容词是什么
Belgium (名词), Belgian （形容词）比利时
『陆』 关于比利时的英文简介
Belgium is located on the western coast of Europe, bordering Germany in the east, the Netherlands in the north, France in the south, Luxembourg in the southeast and Britain in the west.The coastline is 66.5 kilometers long.
比利时王国简称“比利时”，位于欧洲西部沿海，东与德国接壤，北与荷兰比邻，南与法国交界，东南与卢森堡毗连，西临北海与英国隔海相望。海岸线长66.5公里。
Two-thirds of the country's area is hilly and flat lowlands. The whole territory is divided into three parts: the northwest coastal Flanderland Plain, the central hills and the southeastern Aden Plateau.
The highest point is 694 meters above sea level. The main rivers are the Mas and Escow rivers, which belong to the climate of marine temperate broad-leaved forest and have four seasons.
全国面积2/3为丘陵和平坦低地，全境分为西北部沿海佛兰德伦平原、中部丘陵、东南部阿登高原三部分，最高点海拔694米，主要河流有马斯河和埃斯考河，属海洋温带阔叶林气候，四季明显。
Belgium is a highly developed capitalist country with foreign trade as its economic lifeline and one of the world's top ten commodity importers and exporters. About two-thirds of the country's GDP comes from exports.
比利时是一个高度发达的资本主义国家，外贸为其经济命脉，是世界十大商品进出口国之一，全国GDP的大约三分之二来自出口。
Belgium has perfect infrastructure such as ports, canals, railways and roads to create conditions for closer economic integration with its neighbours.
Belgium is one of the founding members of the European Union and NATO, and also a member of the United Nations, the World Trade Organization and other international organizations.
比利时拥有极其完善的港口、运河、铁路以及公路等基础设施，为与邻国更紧密的经济整和创造条件，比利时是欧盟和北约创始会员国之一，也是联合国、世界贸易组织等国际组织的成员国。
(6)介绍比利时英语怎么说扩展阅读
1、自然资源
比利时自然资源贫乏，资源对外依存度较高，尚有少量铁、锌、铅、铜等。截止2014年，比利时煤蕴藏量为37亿吨，其中有开采价值的18亿吨。自上世纪80年代起，比利时各主要煤矿陆续停止开采。此外尚有少量铁、锌、铅、铜矿等。
森林面积占国土面积23%。比利时的原油、天然气完全依赖进口，一次能源消费的进口依存度接近80%，显著高于欧盟平均水平。核电站7座，占总发电量的65%。森林及绿地面积6070平方公里。
2、人口民族
比利时总人口为1119.6万，其中，讲荷兰语的弗拉芒大区人口占57.3%，讲法语的瓦垄大区人口占32.3%，布鲁塞尔首都大区人口占10.4%，是西欧地区人口密度最高的国家之一。
弗拉芒族占58%；瓦隆族占41%；德意志族占1%。讲荷兰语的弗拉芒区637.3万人，讲法语的瓦隆区400万人，80%的居民信奉天主教。
『柒』 英语介绍比利时经济
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Belgium
http://www.diplomatie.be/EN/belgium/belgiumdetail.asp?TEXTID=49019
Belgian economy
Open and competitive
With a surface area of 30,500 km² and a population of 10,446,000, Belgium is one of the smallest Member States in the European Union. However, it has a GDP of EUR 288.09 billion (in 2004) and is one of the ten largest trading nations in the world. It primarily owes its comparably large economic might to its central location and the high proctivity of its work force.
A central location and good infrastructure
Belgium has one major advantage: its central location. In the past, this was often a handicap since the great European powers repeatedly came here to battle out their differences. However, in times of peace and open borders, the battlefield of Europe was also the place where trade and instry was able to flourish.
So, Belgium did not just bear witness to the clash of arms and human suffering at Waterloo, Passendale and Bastogne, but was also home to the commercial glory of Brugges and Antwerp and the remarkable worldwide expansion of businesses from the Walloon instrial basins.
Nature saw to it that at the end of the 14th century the course of the Schelde had evolved in such a way that by the 16th century a modest port could develop into the most important trade centre to the north of the Alps. Antwerp is the furthest inland port in north west Europe and has the most active economic zone in Europe as its hinterland. Today, at the beginning of the 21st century, it is the fourth largest port in the world and the fastest growing port for container transport out of the entire Hamburg-Le Havre range. In addition to the sea ports of Antwerp, Zeebrugge and Ghent and the large European motorways, railways and waterways, Belgium developed an efficient transport network on its territory allowing it to take full advantage of its central location. As a result, Belgium was able to expand to become a distribution capital and a European bridge for business throughout the whole world.
Sensible infrastructure
Belgium has always invested a great deal in its transport infrastructure. It was the first country in Europe where trains were used and it quickly built up the densest railway network in the world. Transport on the waterways was optimalised by constructing inventive boat lifts such as those on the Canal Centre which has since been recognised by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. Over the years, the port of Antwerp acquired large dock yards and locks and currently has the largest lock in the world, the Berendrecht lock.
Belgium is focusing its efforts in a bid to let transport run quickly and continuously further through the country. It has modern airports and quick connections with the high-speed train. As regards goods transport, the country wants to make full use of the advantages offered by combined transport. A number of container ports for inland shipping have recently been built and the port of Antwerp was expanded once again with a tidal container dock - the Deurganck dock - which allows ships to be dealt with even more quickly. The rail infrastructure in the port area and the connections to the port are been extended further.
Economic change
Belgium initially owed a major part of its instrialisation and fast economic growth to the minerals present in the ground in the south of the country. The impetus for the country's strong instrial development had already been provided before independence. So, as early as ring the era of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815-1830), when the countries currently known as Belgium and the Netherlands together formed one single country, the Sociéé générale was established, which graally developed into a powerful holding company that controlled a large part of the Belgian economy.
The centre moves from Wallonia to Flanders
Coal mining and heavy instry, which enabled Belgium to become the most instrialised country in Europe after Great Britain, lost their dominant status in the second half of the 20th century. The coal was located deep underground and mining was too expensive in the face of foreign competition. In the middle of the 20th century, Belgium still had 100,000 miners, in 1983 the last Walloon mine closed and 1992 marked the end of the last mine in Limburg. The steel instry also declined sharply ring the same period as a result of the European Coal and Steel Community and the associated redevelopment of Europe's steel sector. In Wallonia, which was the base of Belgium's instrial development, large areas are still struggling with economic restructuring. The Walloon government recently launched a large-scale 'Marshall plan' to boost the region's economy.
While all this was taking place, Flanders was moving up in the world. It owed this mainly to its favourable location and the port of Antwerp. The supply of oil and the investments from large foreign companies led to the expansion of the largest concentration of petrochemical activity in the world, after Houston.
American companies also played an important role. After the war they started looking for cheaper proct options and after the launch of the European Economic Community, they wanted to take advantage of the additional predicted growth. In Flanders, they found reliable workers who were considerably cheaper than the Walloons.
Flanders was therefore able to catch up with Wallonia in instrial terms. Flanders' GDP, which only represented 44% of Belgian GDP in 1995, rose to 55% after the Golden Sixties.
From instry to services
During this period, Belgium, like other instrialised countries, made a large shift towards the tertiary sector. Currently, almost 75% of the workforce is employed in the services sector and just under 25% is employed in instry. Agriculture represents approximately 1%.
The fact that instry's share in the economy has declined (to approximately 20% of the value added) does not automatically mean that deinstrialisation will continue. In the last 10 years, instrial proction has increased in volume almost as quickly as the Belgian economy as a whole. The decline in the share of instry in GDP can be attributed to higher proctivity which has led prices to fall. Instry still accounts for 80% of Belgian exports.
Belgian agriculture has developed into a highly competitive sector with one of the highest rates of proctivity in Europe. In Flanders, the companies are on average 16.2 ha and mainly concentrate on pig farming and market gardening. In Wallonia, the companies are on average 38.2 ha and agriculture is more extensive. The focus here is on beef and dairy cattle and arable farming.
The perfect 'open economy'
A densely populated but small country which is centrally located in one of the most economically active regions in the world has to have an open economy. In the early Middle Ages, procts from what can now be referred to as 'Belgian soil' were already being sold throughout what was then considered to be the whole world. Bruges, followed by Antwerp were places where traders and procts from all over the world came together. It was Bruges that gave the world the 'stock market' and in the 16th century, Antwerp started new financial techniques and loaned its capital the world's major powers. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, Belgian instrialists, equipped with their machines, railways and large infrastructures, played an important role in developing and opening up large and small countries across the globe.
The age-old openness of the Belgian economy has increased in recent decades. As a result of the significant proportion of international trade in GDP and the substantial income from foreign investment, the country has been called 'the perfect example of an open economy'.
The average value of export and import of goods as a percentage of GDP equates to almost 83%, which is the highest percentage out of all the 25 countries in the European Union. Belgium also holds first place for the percentage of GDP accounted for by foreign direct investment.
Belgium: the largest exporter
Belgium, which accounts for less than 0,2% of the world population and has a market share of 3,4% of exports and 3% of imports, is ranked tenth for international trade in goods. As regards international trade in services, Belgium has a market share of 3,6% and is ranked eighth.
Approximately 20% of Belgians exports is comprised of consumer goods. Intermediate goods account for about 60%. These are mainly machines and equipment, accounting for over 28% of exports, and chemical and allied procts accounting for almost 22%.
It can also be seen from export figures that Belgium is a country which assembles cars. Approximately 95% of the 900,000 cars manufactured by Volvo, Opel, Volkswagen and Ford in Belgium are exported. They account for almost 15% of Belgian exports. Plastics account for over 3%, pharmaceutical procts and organic chemical procts represent about 5% each. Metals (iron and steel, non ferrous metals and processed metal procts) make up over 4% and food stuffs constitute almost 9%.
Belgium is the world's largest exporter of diamonds and carpets and is the second largest exporter of plant fibres, chocolate and margarine. It is the world number three for glass exports and ranks fourth for the export of eggs, non alcoholic drinks and cars.
Belgium is the world leader in terms of export per capita and can justifiably call itself the 'world's largest exporter'.
The European dimension
Belgium's position in the international economy and the fact that the country is able to make such good use of its economic advantages is in large part thanks to the position it occupies in the unified European market.
Export to its 'natural partners' and the other EU countries (15 Member States) accounts for approximately 75% of Belgium's total exports. Out of this 75%, 65% goes to the euro zone and 11% to the other EU countries. The European countries outside EU-15 account for 7%. (The 10 new EU Member States accounted for almost 3% of export in 2003 i.e. before their accession). Asia represents over 9% and the US about 5%. The importance of the European dimension is clear from the fact that half of the goods that are processed in the port of Antwerp come from or are destined for other European countries.
There is also the economic effect of the presence of the European and other international organisations. The European organisations account, directly and indirectly, for almost one tenth of the jobs in the Brussels Capital Region. The international organisations and their employees inject a large amount of money into the Belgian economy through their spending. Belgium does therefore not need to be convinced of the benefit of European integration and is eagerly helping to pave the way forward. In the past, Belgian politicians have often played a key role in mapping out the path for European construction and in redefining common policy. As an exporting country, Belgium was also a major partisan of the introction of the common European currency - the euro. The National Bank of Belgium forms part of the European System of Central Banks and, as such, is involved in defining and implementing monetary policy in the euro zone.
Of course, the liberalisation of the European market did not just provide greater potential for Belgian procts, but also increased the likelihood of fierce competition. Belgium has maintained its position and managed to remain competitive, mainly by boosting the proctivity of its companies and workers. In Belgian instry, a worker currently proces on average twice as much as a worker in 1980.
The Belgian worker: an important asset
The high proctivity of Belgian workers plays a vital role in the good performance of the Belgian economy.
Belgian labour proctivity is amongst the highest in the world. Only the US (and the exceptional case of Luxembourg) are ahead of Belgium in the most relevant category (GDP per worker). Belgium is ranked third for proctivity per hour worked. In fact, Belgium always features amongst the best regardless of the way in which the quality of workers is measured. Labour proctivity is particularly high in instry, construction and finance. Belgian workers also have the lowest rate of absenteeism in the EU.
One of the most important factors after the high level of proctivity is the high quality of the Belgian ecation system which can be seen from international comparative studies, such as the PISA study concted by the OECD. Approximately one third of people aged between 18 and 24 are in higher ecation, which is the highest figure in the EU. Two Belgian universities feature in the list of the top 10 best universities in the world (outside the US) compiled by American scientists.
A special kind of SME country
In structural terms, the Belgian business world consists of a series of large companies and a very high number of SMEs. Some Belgian companies employ thousands of people worldwide and the Stella Artois Brewery in Leuven was able to expand into Inbev, the largest brewery group in the world. However, the majority of the large companies belong to foreign groups. Recently, foreign shareholders took over the control of some important Belgian companies and currently, the decision-making centres for two thirds of the top 100 Belgian companies are located abroad.
In addition, the Belgian economy is supported by small and medium-sized enterprises. Approximately 83% of Belgian companies have less than 10 employees and 97% of the companies employ less than 50 people. SMEs account for over 70% of GDP. The majority of Belgian SMEs are family businesses but this does not prevent them from being important players on the international market. Belgian SMEs have turned out to be particularly good niche companies which are often market leaders in their own sectors.
It can be seen from European comparisons how special these small companies are: Belgian SMEs are the most profitable in the EU. Belgium is also the only European country where the profitability of SMEs is considerably higher than that of large companies.
A genuine collective bargaining economy
The Belgians are not partial to harsh confrontation. This is demonstrated in the way that relationships are organised within the economy. Belgium is a genuine collective bargaining economy in which a great deal is regulated by agreements between worker and employer representative organisations. The government acts as mediator. Social dialogue takes place at company, sectoral and national level. In negotiations on collective labour agreements, wage increases are restricted by the Law on Safeguarding Competitiveness (De wet op het concurrentievermogen/La loi de sauvegarde de la competitivité). The law has the task of ensuring that the competitive position of Belgian companies does not suffer in relation to companies in the neighbouring countries.
Belgian companies are brought together in a number of bodies which reflect regional and sectoral divisions. At national level there is the Federation of Enterprises in Belgium (FEB/VBO) and at regional level there is the association of Flemish Companies i.e. the Flemish Economic Union (VOKA), the Union of Walloon Enterprises (UWE) and the Union of Enterprises in Brussels (UEB/VOB).
The level of union membership in Belgium is 60% which is the highest level after the Scandinavian countries. The unions do not just play a key role in social dialogue but are also responsible for other areas such as the payment of unemployment compensation. There are three major unions: the socialist General Labour Federation of Belgium, the Confederation of Christian Trade Unions and the Federation of Liberal Trade Unions.
The role of the government
As is the case in many European countries, the government plays a relatively large role in the national economy. It ensures that income is redistributed by managing and co-financing the social security system to which the Belgians are very attached. It is regarded as one of the most efficient systems in the world: Belgium has one of the lowest poverty levels.
The role that the government plays in social dialogue is also very important. If employer and worker representative organisations cannot reach an agreement, the government acts as a mediator and, if necessary, takes the plunge. Moreover, it is well aware of the importance of the international context in which Belgian companies are active and the importance of safeguarding competitiveness.
Economic powers of the Regions
Over the last 25 years, Belgium has evolved into a Federal state with a large degree of autonomy for the three Regions (Flanders, Brussels and Wallonia). This has also had consequences for economic powers. The Regions are responsible for the agricultural, energy, employment and economic policies (economic expansion, innovation policy, restructuring policy), foreign trade, public works and public transport. The Federal government is responsible for social security (unemployment, sickness and invalidity, pensions, child benefit) and also has the necessary powers to ensure that the country retains its economic and monetary unity.
Public finances
As regards public finances, Belgium is still suffering the consequences of the anti-cyclical policy pursued by the government in the 1970s. The interest on the debt built up as a result of deficit spending has left the country with a very high level of debt. It continued however to benefit from the trust of the capital markets, primarily since Belgian debt was virtually solely financed by Belgians themselves. Traditionally, they have one of the highest savings rates in the world.
An austere policy and good debt management have since enabled the Belgian government to reorganise its finances. The Maastricht indicators governing inclusion into the European currency union acted as an extra incentive in this respect. The level of debt, which totalled 137.1% of GDP in 1993, has since decreased to 95.8%. The budget has been balanced since 2000 which currently makes Belgium one of the best performing countries within the EU.
The budget surpluses which are planned from 2007 onwards will be put aside in the Silver Fund which will help to cover the financial consequences of the aging of the population. The level of debt will have been reced to approximately 79% by 2009.
Looking to the future...
Belgium is aware of the strengths and weaknesses of its economy. It wants to continue to keep its favourable position in the future. Research and development are, of course, of vital importance and Belgium scores highly is this area too.
As regards investment in innovation and research as a percentage of GDP, Belgium scores better than the EU average. It comes sixth after Sweden, Finland, Germany, Denmark and France. An important aspect is that the contribution made by companies in this area is so high. They account for 64% of the investments in research and development which - after Sweden, Finland and Germany - represents the highest percentage in the EU.
Belgium has more inhabitants that are active in the area of research and development that the European average and they are more proctive that their colleagues in other countries: Belgium has 929 scientific publications per million inhabitants on average per year, compared to 550 in Japan and 775 in the US. Another important factor is the continued growth of the ICT sector. The proportion accounted for by the ICT sector in the Belgian economy rose from 3.35% in 1995 to 4.27% in 2004. During this period, the sector accounted for 19.5% of the increase in GDP and currently provides 20% of total R&D efforts.
字数超限了。。
『捌』 谁有关于比利时的英文资料
The Kingdom of Belgium (Dutch: Koninkrijk België; French: Royaume de Belgique; German: Königreich Belgien) is a country in northwest Europe bordered by the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France and is one of the founding and core members of the European Union. Belgium has a population of over ten million people, in an area of around 30,000 square kilometres (11,700 square miles).
Straddling the cultural boundary between Germanic and Romance Europe, it is linguistically divided. Mainly two languages are spoken in Belgium: Dutch is spoken by the 6 million people in Flanders to the north, French by the 3.3 million Walloons in the south. The capital, Brussels, is officially bilingual, while the majority of its residents speak French. Around 70,000 people live in the German-speaking Community in the east of the country. This linguistic diversity often leads to political and cultural conflict and is reflected in Belgium's complex system of government and political history.
Belgium derives its name from the Latin name of the most northern part of Gaul, Gallia Belgica, named after a group of mostly Celtic tribes, Belgae. Historically, Belgium has been a part of the Low Countries, which also include the Netherlands and Luxembourg and used to cover a somewhat larger region than the current Benelux group of states. From the end of the Middle Ages until the seventeenth century, it was a prosperous centre of commerce and culture. From the sixteenth century until the Belgian revolution in 1830, Belgium, at that time called the Southern Netherlands, was the site of many battles between the European powers, and has been bbed "the battlefield of Europe"[1] or "the cockpit of Europe".[1] More recently, Belgium was a founding member of the European Union, hosting its headquarters, as well as those of many other major international organisations, such as NATO.
历史
Over the past two millennia, the area that is now known as Belgium has seen significant demographic, political and cultural upheavals. The first well-documented population move was the conquest of the region by the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC, followed in the 5th century by the Germanic Franks. The Franks established the Merovingian kingdom, which became the Carolingian Empire in the 8th century. During the Middle Ages, the Low Countries were split into many small feudal states. Most of them were united in the course of the 14th and 15th centuries by the house of Burgundy as the Burgundian Netherlands. These states gained a degree of autonomy in the 15th century and were thereafter named the Seventeen Provinces.
The history of Belgium can be distinguished from that of the Low Countries from the 16th century. The Eighty Years' War (1568–1648), divided the Seventeen Provinces into the United Provinces in the north and the Southern Netherlands in the south. The southern provinces were ruled successively by the Spanish and the Austrian Habsburgs. Until independence, the Southern Netherlands were sought after by numerous French conquerors and were the theatre of most Franco-Spanish and Franco-Austrian wars ring the 17th and 18th centuries. Following the Campaigns of 1794 in the French Revolutionary Wars, the Low Countries—including territories that were never under Habsburg rule, such as the Bishopric of Liège—were overrun by France, ending Spanish-Austrian rule in the region. The reunification of the Low Countries as the United Kingdom of the Netherlands occurred at the end of the French Empire in 1815.
The 1830 Belgian Revolution led to the establishment of an independent, Catholic and neutral Belgium under a provisional government. Since the installation of Leopold I as king in 1831, Belgium has been a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy. Between independence and World War II, the democratic system evolved from an oligarchy characterised by two main parties, the Catholics and the Liberals, to a universal suffrage system that has included a third party, the Belgian Labour Party, and a strong role for the trade unions. Originally, French, which was the adopted language of the nobility and the bourgeoisie, was the official language. The country has since developed a bilingual Dutch-French system.
The Berlin Conference of 1885 agreed to hand over Congo to King Leopold II as his private possession, called the Congo Free State. In 1908, it was ceded to Belgium as a colony, henceforth called the Belgian Congo. Belgium's neutrality was violated in 1914, when Germany invaded Belgium as part of the Schlieffen Plan. The former German colonies Ruanda-Urundi—now called Rwanda and Burundi—were occupied by the Belgian Congo in 1916. They were mandated in 1924 to Belgium by the League of Nations. Belgium was again invaded by Germany in 1940 ring the blitzkrieg offensive. The country was occupied until the winter of 1944-45 when it was liberated by Allied troops. The Belgian Congo gained its independence in 1960 ring the Congo Crisis, and Ruanda-Urundi became independent in 1962.
After World War II, Belgium joined NATO and, together with the Netherlands and Luxembourg, formed the Benelux group of nations. Belgium is also one of the six founding members of the 1951 established European Coal and Steel Community, and the 1957 established European Economic Community and European Atomic Energy Community. Belgium hosts the headquarters of NATO and a major part of the European Union's institutions and administrations, including the European Commission, the Council of the European Union and the extraordinary and committee sessions of the European Parliament, as well as parts of its administration.
During the 20th century, and in particular since World War II, the history of Belgium has been increasingly dominated by the autonomy of its two main communities. This period saw a rise in intercommunal tensions, and the unity of the Belgian state has come under scrutiny. Through constitutional reforms in the 1970s and 1980s, regionalisation of the unitary state had led to the establishment of a three-tiered system of federalism, linguistic-community and regional governments, a compromise designed to minimise linguistic tensions. Nowadays, these federal entities uphold more legislative power than the national bicameral parliament.
地理
Belgium, with an area of 30 528 square kilometres (11,787 sq. mi), has three main geographical regions: the coastal plain in the north-west, the central plateau, and the Ardennes uplands in the south-east. The coastal plain consists mainly of sand nes and polders. Polders are areas of land, close to or below sea level that have been reclaimed from the sea, from which they are protected by dikes or, further inland, by fields that have been drained with canals. The second geographical region, the central plateau, lies further inland. This is a smooth, slowly rising area that has many fertile valleys and is irrigated by many waterways. Here one can also find rougher land, including caves and small gorges.
The third geographical region, called the Ardennes, is more rugged than the first two. It is a thickly forested plateau, very rocky and not very good for farming, which extends into northern France. This is where much of Belgium's wildlife can be found. Belgium's highest point, the Signal de Botrange is located in this region at only 694 metres (2,277 ft).
The climate is maritime temperate, with significant precipitation in all seasons (Köppen climate classification: Cfb; the average temperature is 3 °C (37°F) in January, and 18° C (64 °F) in July; the average precipitation is 65 millimetres (2.6 in) in January, and 78 millimetres (3.1 in) in July).
Because of its high population density and location in the centre of Western Europe, Belgium faces serious environmental problems. A 2003 report suggested that the water in Belgium's rivers was of the lowest quality in Europe, and bottom of the 122 countries studied.
文化
Belgian cultural life has tended to concentrate within each community. The shared element is less important, because there are no bilingual universities, except the royal military academy, no common media, and no single, common large cultural or scientific organisation where both main communities are represented. Aside from these differences, Belgium is well-known for its fine art and architecture.
The region corresponding to today's Belgium has seen the flourishing of major artistic movements that have had tremendous influence over European art. The Mosan art, the Early Netherlandish, the Flemish Renaissance and Baroque painting, and major examples of Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque architecture, and the Renaissance vocal music of the Franco-Flemish School developed in the southern part of the Low Countries, are milestones in the history of art. Famous names in this classic tradition are Jan van Eyck, Pieter Brueghel the Elder, Peter Paul Rubens and Anthony van Dyck.
This rich artistic proction, often referred to as a whole as Flemish art, graally declined ring the second half of the 17th century. However, in the 19th and 20th centuries, many original artists appeared. In music, Adolphe Sax invented the saxophone in 1846. Henri Vieuxtemps, Eugène Ysaÿe and Arthur Grumiaux were major 19th- and 20th-century violinists. Perhaps the most famous Belgian composer of this time was Cé Franck. The first Belgian singer successfully to pursue an international career is the pioneer of varieté and pop music Bobbejaan Schoepen. Jazzmusican Toots Thielemans is world famous. The most famous and important singer is Jacques Brel. In rock Front 242, dEUS are well known (See also Music of Belgium). In architecture, Victor Horta was a major initiator of the Art Nouveau style. Belgium has proced famous romantic, expressionist and surrealist painters; these include Egide Wappers, James Ensor, Constant Permeke and René Magritte. In literature, Belgium has proced several well-known authors, such as the poets Emile Verhaeren and novelists Hendrik Conscience and Georges Simenon. The poet and playwright Maurice Maeterlinck won the Nobel Prize in literature in 1911. The best known Franco-Belgian comics are The Adventures of Tintin by Hergé but many other major authors of comics have been Belgian, including Edgar P. Jacobs, Willy Vandersteen and André Franquin.
More recently, notable Belgian cinema directors have emerged, most of them strongly influenced by French cinema. The absence of a major Belgian cinema company has forced them to emigrate or participate in low-budget proctions. Belgian directors include Stijn Coninx, Luc and Jean-Pierre Dardenne; actors include Jan Decleir, Marie Gillain; and films include Man Bites Dog (film) and The Alzheimer Affair. In the 1980s, Antwerp's Royal Academy of Fine Arts has proced the important fashion trendsetters, the Antwerp Six.
Belgium has also contributed to the development of science and technology. The mathematician Simon Stevin, the anatomist Andreas Vesalius and the cartographer Gerars Mercator are among the most influential scientists from the beginning of Early Modern in the Low Countries. More recently, at the end of the 19th century, in applied science, the chemist Ernest Solvay and the engineer Zenobe Gramme have given their names to the Solvay process and the Gramme dynamo. Georges Lemaître is a famous Belgian cosmologist credited with proposing the Big Bang theory of the origin of the universe in 1927. Three Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine have been awarded to Belgians: Jules Bordet in 1919, Corneille Heymans in 1938, and Albert Claude and Christian De Duve in 1974. Ilya Prigogine was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1977.
On December 1, 2005, Father Damien was chosen as the Greatest Belgian of all time by the Flemish VRT, whereas the Walloons chose Jacques Brel.
One could not understand Belgian cultural life without considering the folk festivals, which play a major role in the country's cultural life. Examples are the Carnival of Binche and Aalst, the Ducasse of Ath, the procession of the Holy Blood in Bruges, the 15th-of-August festival in Liège, and the Walloon festival in Namur. A major non-official holiday is the Saint Nicholas Day, which commemorates the festival of the children and, in Liège, of the students.
Belgium is well represented in the world of sport cycling is especially popular. Among the well known cyclists, Eddy Merckx won five Tours de France and is considered the best cyclist ever, e to his numerous victories in other bicycle tours, besides the Tour de France. Belgium also has two current female tennis champions: Kim Clijsters and Justine Henin-Hardenne. Football is also very popular.
Belgium is well known for its cuisine. Many highly ranked restaurants can be found in the high-impact gastronomic guides, such as the Michelin Guide. Brands of Belgian chocolate, like Neuhaus and Côte d'Or, are world renowned and widely sold; even the cheapest and most popular brand, Leonidas, has earned a reputation for its quality. Belgium proces over 500 varieties of beer (see Belgian beer). Belgians have a reputation for loving waffles and French fries, actually both originally from Belgium; the national food is steak (or mussels) with French fries and lettuce.
『玖』 急求关于比利时美食的英文介绍
Belgians love potatoes and are fond of game and meat. Charcuterie, a basket of bread, and beer often make a meal. Fish and seafood are important. Hearty soups play a big role, and the so called waterzooies are the most typical.
Medieval cookery still influences the cuisine with today's prevalence of condiments, mustards, vinegars, and dried fruits that lend a sweet-sour and sweet-salty flavor to dishes. Almonds and spices are used in abundance, and fresh herbs lace appetizers, salads, meats, and even desserts.
Few cookbooks exist, but the newly published volume, Everybody Eats Well in Belgium by Ruth Van Werebeek (Workman) covers recipes from three generations of her family.
Visiting Belgium today, one is easily captivated by the endive, mussels, and chocolates, and each has a story behind it.
Belgian endive, or chicory, has a place of honor in dining and a unique style of cultivation. This vegetable was accidently discovered by a Belgian farmer, Jan Lammers, in 1830, when he returned from war and found his chicory (used for coffee and stored in the barn) had sprouted white leaves. He was captivated by its tangy, distinctive flavor. It was another 30 years before endive, known as witloof, became a successful crop. In 1872 it was introced in Paris, to rave reviews, so popular it was called white gold.
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『拾』 英语介绍比利时
Physical geography: The area is 30,500 square kilometers, is locatednortheast Europe, east borders on with Germany, north and Dutchneighbor, south and French border, west near North Sea. The coastlineis long 66. 5 kilometers. The national area 2/3 for the knoll andsmoothly lowly, the most low spot slightly is lower than the sealevel.
The Belgian prince Luo river is bright and bridal Claire 库姆斯accepts people's newly married congratulation in the Brussels cityhall balcony.
Northeast part the entire boundary divides into a coastal Buddha兰德 roentgen plain, middle the knoll, southeast area the Ardenplateau three parts. Peak elevation 694 meters. The main rivers have马斯 the river and Ess test the river. Is the oceanity temperatezone foliage forest climate.
Population: 1035. 60,000 (in 2003), lecture not pulls the awn languagenot to pull the awn big area 599. 60,000, speaks French the tileprosperous big area 336. 80,000 (including speaks German approximately7. 10,000), use not method two languages Brussels capital big areas99. 20,000. The official language and not pulls the awn language forFrench. 80 % inhabitants believe in Catholicism.
Capital: Brussels (Bruxelles), has population 99. 20,000 (in 2003).Some "the European capital" the name, is the European Union, the NorthAtlantic Treaty Organization and so on many internationalorganization's headquarters locus, has the multitudinous internationalconference to convene every year in this, and some more than 200international administrative center and surpasses 1,000 officialassociations to be equipped with the office in this.
Museum, building and scenic spot
The big square profit displays in its construction style andthe municipal government building. The people also can observe andacclaim the color to be fine. In here, unfortunately is damaged since70's cities, the people on give some special houses directly retospread the bright color immediately. The tone and the mortar which insome paper newspapers and in some past schematic diagrams foundations,the Mongolian 特尔 people rehad found before once uses. Each cityall has its tone. Time is in vogue which in 18 century's ends Franceannexation principle, quite how many cities all are compelled buildingunder to brush white and except the massive Baroque style decoration,otherwise has 反共 and the principle suspicion?
沙勒 Luo Wa
Is American and clown's excellent mix, it has many beautifulbuildings actually to let things take their natural course thedecency, the worn-out construction let the people forget in the pastbeauty. Simultaneously concurrently has the construction art to bebrand-new and to decline America, regarding this the black villagepeople have not certainly given the value which should have. You onlycan own discover ( or becomes these houses master... ... Also may dobusiness). This also is the black village person warm hospitable oneway.
Charlie two th squares /Place Charles II
Was located the city this square to retain the initial pattern,and has made the outward appearance again according to the originaldesign. This is the star shape military construction vestige. Theinitial layout stems from to Spanish time Engineer Wan Aisi andGermany lets the cloth court attendant depend on the hand. ( latteris Belgium military engineer, not only uses in 沙勒 the Luo tilethis kind of pattern, but also uses in Awes Tang Deou Germany thatGermany and Ke Si). After that, Wu Bangye has used on the law.
The municipal government, Charlie two th squares this was the 30'smasterpieces, the above fell thick black st. The municipalgovernment building is a trapezoid, noble is elegant, 精雕细琢.The host construction surface shape was abstract, congealed themassive work. Relatively says, 沙勒 Luo Wa is a young city, hasexperienced by no means the bell tower time. Therefore wise architectSi grips you, increased a bell tower, the off-centering, thus remainshas the leeway, advocates the construction outward appearance to besymmetrical.
You certainly can linger to construction in. The bas-relief style isconsistent. Only if this beautiful construction is destroyed,otherwise it later definitely will have the value. Now each kind ofturret, the parking lot, the commercial decorated corridor aresubstituting for its position.
Public museum and grand play hall for city hotel appurtenance.
Artistic achievement
Pulls the mulberry Pohl bridge and Gong the Stan money Ye'sstatue (face under city south train station), the parapet and thecarving similarly has the attraction.
However 遗憾.的.是, the ancient decoration art illumination deviceis already substituted for.
New artistic achievement
- On city /La ville the haute that Ukraine street (moviepalace) has some extremely interesting construction with the Waterloomain road. In them a part comes under the Vienna new art severalrivers intense influences.
Germany seals the Dan main road, " Gold palace " Is worth assoon as looking. 粗刻 embellishes is having the new artistic fuzzyrecollection the compromise to send the building.
Medicine building (in glory Does obeisance Lu: Si street 40) is oneof that time 沙勒 Luo Wa exquisite constructions. It constructed in1908, at that time Belgium's new artistic activity already went intohiding, therefore the present presents the outward appearance was abetter complex compound: The plant style, the whip shape cast iron,the bas-relief lets the person associate the elder brother especiallyto construct, the pillar, the window and 假对称 front the face.
Raises the advantage store, mountain street 38: The Paul ancient westis exquisite 粗刻, may simultaneously have a look the identical sideother houses.
Paul lets the loose main road intersection in terminus on city thatUkraine street, all may see Paul ancient west and Kerr does obeisanceother 粗刻 work.
拉夫勒 palace, Su Le main road 7, to artistic palace two step offar.
The new art synthesized has raised the Cull style and the Viennaseparatists. The appendix and the stockade all are by the BD presentage painter 弗朗斯 tile Si Yudang completes. (撒马 Swiss Si,Brussels's city wall), 拉夫勒 the palace is not architect's work,is person's work which falls deeply in love.
The cloth Mongolia road, Paul, 巴斯特 main road 164 ~ 174, are notfar to the photograph museum, some five bricks room is repaints andhas decorated, they cause the entire street greatly to put thebrilliance. They are not certainly famous. You may to the pedestrianintroce its lovable place (place stands in another side in order towatches the entire scene and handpainted earthenware picture).
New style under city achievement
The next city is 沙勒 Warro's business district, is locatednearby Wan Aisi fortification (17th century).
沙勒 Warro is the Belgian youngest city. Lu is prosperous, pulls,that Ukraine and Larew Wei Ye certainly is not the historical famouscity. Former is a Austria younger brother Nepal's suburb, it alreadydoes not have the hotel, also does not have the independentadministration. As for latter, after is a city central point which theinstrial revolution proces, has obtained the city status becauseof its population and the scale.
Next city square and big post office /La Place de la ville basse etGrand-Poste,
阿贝尔 a th square, the big post office has at thebeginning of the century the attractive puppet show small theatercharacteristic, the blue white stone alternates with. The inspirationcomes from the elder brother especially with the renaissance style.
Exchange channel and university street /Le Passage de la Bourse et larue College (19 century's ends)
This is entire city most beautiful group of buildings withouta doubt. On the university street the belt 叶瓣饰, the gear playsthe part of or the French type garret house appears in turn by theenchanting rhythm. But the exchange channel front face is 新古 thecanonical expression, luxurious is grand.
In this group of building, do not have to forget also has the saintpeaceful Tony Austria church, this rectangular cathedral has a likingfor very unwieldy, but 新古 the canonical expression arcade is veryinteresting.
Glass museum /Musee Verre, German maple tree Dan avenue 10/Boulevard Defontaine, the telephone 0.71/310838 billion, 沙勒 LuoWazeng was the world glass proct center, therefore this museum hadthe possibility is most attractive most interesting. Massivedecorations artistic style work, glass steps and ladders, 5000 meltsand... ...
Photographic museum /Musee de la Photographie Paulo The Pass Toursavenue, 11 /Avenue Paul Pastur, equestrian peaceful peak/Mont-sur-Marchienne, telephone 0.71/43581 billion Tuesday ~ Sunday,10 ~ 18 o'clock, Belgium only specially feeds specially thephotographic exhibition the place, invented from the photography tothe newest photographic technology had demonstrated the photographicdevelopment complete history, frequently displayed the preliminaryphotographic attempt, old camera installation. The temporary displayascends in the Brussels newspaper publishes.
Final suggestion
For the modern architecture amateur, in 马西takes you tohave the experimental inhabited area -R3 exportation which makes withthe steel and iron, the household 布林 cloth (behind tomb), by wayof that forest road.
Coal mine museum /Musee de la Mine
In Bishop maple tree Dan castle underground, the castle andseveral old houses (the Mongolian Si road) is worth having a look.
Instry museum (destiny) /Providence
In horse Xi'an bridge (Mongolian Si direction).
Also has the emperor Forces the castle, the burr match, places suchas Hamm and Mongolian shuttle some castles.