圣诞节英语详细介绍英文怎么说
Christmas (Christmas), every year December 25, is a traditional festival of the church calendar, it is christians celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ celebrate day.
On Christmas day, most of the Catholic church will first try on December 24, i.e. the Christmas Eve held on December 25th at midnight mass.
and some of the Christian church will hold good tidings, then celebrate Christmas on December 25th, Christianity another big branch - eastern orthodox Christmas celebrations are annually in January 7.
圣诞节(Christmas)，每年12月25日，是教会年历的一个传统节日，它是基督徒庆祝耶稣基督诞生的庆祝日。
在圣诞节，大部分的天主教教堂都会先在12月24日的耶诞夜，亦即12月25日凌晨举行子夜弥撒，而一些基督教会则会举行报佳音，然后在12月25日庆祝圣诞节；而基督教的另一大分支——东正教的圣诞节庆祝则在每年的1月7日。
(1)圣诞节英语详细介绍英文怎么说扩展阅读：
一、圣诞节的发展
众所周知，圣诞节是为了庆祝耶稣的出生而设立的，但《圣经》中却从未提及耶稣出生在这一天，甚至很多历史学家认为耶稣是出生在春天。直到3世纪，12月25日才被官方定为圣诞节。尽管如此，还是有一些东正教把1月6日、7日定为圣诞节。
圣诞节本是宗教节日。十九世纪，圣诞卡的流行、圣诞老人的出现，使圣诞节开始渐渐流行起来。圣诞庆祝习俗在北欧流行后，结合着北半球冬季的圣诞装饰也出现了。
十九世纪初发展至中叶，整个欧洲、美洲开始过起了圣诞节。并衍生出了相应的圣诞文化。
二、圣诞节对中国的影响
圣诞节对于没有基督文化背景的中国人来说，只是提供了购物或是又一个出国游玩的时间点罢了。中国国内众多城市都有了圣诞狂欢，商场、超市等在圣诞前后都有大型促销活动。也催生出了一个现象：“浙江义乌，号称世界圣诞饰品之都。”全球70%的圣诞饰品都来自这里。
2011年圣诞前后，众多中国人纷涌至英国各大城市购物，英国国内所售奢侈品的近三分之一都被中国人买走。在这种令人乍舌的购买力引导之下，不少国家在圣诞节专门推出针对中国人的有消费优惠的旅游计划。
而英国伦敦更是有不少商家在圣诞节前后，专门雇佣会说普通话的店员，帮助中国顾客选购商品。2010年，中国内地游客在英国消费总量超过10亿英镑，英国本国居民的奢侈品消费需求则不足中国游客的一半。
② 用英语介绍圣诞节【带中文翻译】急！急！急！急！
For today's Christian, the origin of Christmas is, and should be, the birth of Jesus Christ as recorded in the Bible. Nothing more and nothing less. However, most of what we witness on December 25th each year has absolutely nothing to do with that blessed day, which probably occurred in late summer or early fall about 2,000 years ago. In fact, most of the customs and traditions of Christmas actually pre-date the birth of Jesus, and many of them are downright deceptive in their meaning and origin. Anyway, who cares when Christ was born?
Christmas Day,the 25th of December,is the biggest festival(节日)celebrated in the Christian countries of the world.Although everyone enjoys Christmas Day,it is particularly enjoyed by children,who get very excited because of the presents they know they are going to receive.Small children believe that their presents are brought by Father Christmas(圣诞老人).Father Christmas is a kind of old man who,the children are told,lives at the North Pole.He travels through the sky on a sleigh(雪撬) which is pulled by reindeers(驯鹿) and loaded with(装满) presents.Stopping on the roof of houses,he enters by climbing the chimney(烟囱).When small children go to bed on Christmas Eve,they hang a stocking at the end of their beds.Their parents warn them not to try to look at Father Christmas,or he will not leave them anything.When they wake,they find their stockings filled with presents.Children are very excited on Christmas morning and always wake up early.
Christmas is also a family celebration.As any members of the family as possible gather to eat,play party games and watch the special Christmas programmes on TV.
People send each other cards and give gifts to their families and friends. In homes and in stores, evergreen trees glitter with colorful lights and ornaments. Children look forward to seeing a jolly, white-bearded man in a red suit named Santa Claus.
It all can mean just one thing: It’s the season of Christmas, a holiday celebrated every year on December 25.
③ 圣诞节的英语简介（带中文翻译）
The word Christmas comes from the words Cristes maesse, or "Christ's Mass". Christmas is the celebration of the birth of Jesus for members of the Christian religion. Most historians peg the first celebration of Christmas to Rome in 336 AD.
Christmas is both a holiday and a Holy Day. In America it is the biggest event of the year (especially for kids), and for members of the Christian religions it is an important day on the religious calendar. The federal government, all state governments, all schools/colleges/universities and the vast majority of businesses in America give employees one or two days off at Christmas, making it an important holiday (other federal holidays are: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King Day, Washington's Birthday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving). In the Roman Catholic calendar, Christmas is one of 6 holy feast days celebrated in America, the others being: Circumcision (New Year's Day), Ascension, Assumption (Mary's Assumption into heaven, August 15), All Saints (November 2), and the Immaculate Conception (December 8).
这个词来自圣诞节的话Cristes maesse ，或“基督弥撒” 。圣诞节是庆祝耶稣诞生的成员的基督教。大部分历史学家汇率首次庆祝圣诞节罗马公元336 。圣诞节是一个节日和圣日。在美国，它是最大的赛事，今年（尤其是孩子） ，并为成员的基督宗教是一个重要的日子对宗教的日历。联邦政府，州政府所有，所有学校/学院/大学和绝大多数的美国企业员工提供一个或两个休息日，圣诞节，使它成为一个重要的节日（其他联邦节假日是：元旦，马丁路德金一天，华盛顿诞辰纪念日，阵亡将士纪念日，独立日，劳动节，哥伦布日，退伍军人节，感恩节） 。在罗马天主教日历，圣诞节是一个6神圣节日庆祝在美国，其余是：包皮环切（元旦） ，阿森松岛，圣母升天（玛丽的设想变成天堂， 8月15日） ，万圣节（ 11月2日） ，以及圣母无染原罪堂（ 12月8日） 。
④ 圣诞节的英文介绍的翻译
Apple juice
Bangbangtang
Xiang Bin
Christmas Cookies
Man blueberry sauce
Danjiu
Fruit cake
Gingerbread
Honey ham
Hot chocolate
Small almond cake
Cake
Pengguan
Strawberry rhubarb pie
Walnut cake
Pumpkin pie
Christmas customs ck States:
France-central France, Quarless, a few days before Christmas each year will drop snow, snow Aiai, it is refreshing. In Western eyes, a white Christmas is a propitious. In France, the manger is the most marked characteristic of Christmas, because Legend has it that Jesus was born in the manger next. People sing the praise of Jesus Kudange after drinking must be joyful, champagne and brandy France is the traditional Christmas wine.
Finland Finland in December before Christmas, the Violets All the hills are in full bloom, set in the land of the white, nondescript building a fuchsia, purple people delightful Christmas.
Britain and Germany, like Britain and Germany, the Christmas drink beer, eat Kaoe, they prefer to use the Christmas holiday travel.
Americans focus on the United States over Christmas family layout, placement Christmas tree, filled with gifts of socks, eating turkey mainly to the Christmas meal, at the family party.
Switzerland Swiss in the four weeks before Christmas, it will be four giant candles lit on the tree branches into a decorative ring, the weekly one point, when ignited after the first four Christmas comes.
Denmark were not agreeable to the Christmas gifts, dollar stores can go to other similar commodity prices.
Australia Australia is one of the countries in the southern hemisphere. By the end of December, when the countries of Western Europe in the cold wind whistled in celebrating Christmas, the Australian is not heat-resistant summer season. Therefore, in Australia over Christmas, can be seen everywhere-chested sweat Lee Lee and the young girls wear miniskirts, and the store windows decorated with a winter snow scene, covered with snowflakes Chuangongmianao the Christmas tree and Santa Claus, a unique Australia festive picture. This winter and the sweltering heat of the scene in stark contrast, I am afraid that in Western countries is unique. Parents to give their children the best Christmas gift than a SWATH zoned. Christmas try their hand is a feature of Australia. A festive night, with a beverage to be held in the forest, "Babel Habitat" picnic. People to the open-air kitchen stone barrier used dry twig fire, a top-plate, sausage, beef, fish and other fried put forward. Chibaoheju, on the up and "disco" or "kangaroo dance," and has been Nao before the end of the night. Drunk, and had to go straight one lying on the lawn in the loud snoring of the visit to meet Santa Claus.
Poland in Poland every year on December 25, 26 at each and every household decorated Christmas trees, the streets are selling decorations on the Christmas tree. Festival, among relatives and friends congratulated each other, presented gifts that friendly. Wallpaper below the evening meal to put some grass to show the birth of Jesus. Dinner is very rich, but we can not eat meat. 0:00, the family church to worship. Christmas period, usually less than in the house of someone's home, but the warm invitation owner exceptions.
According to the calendar, Bulgaria Bulgaria, Christmas is the soul planes Jiaoye frenzied days. Therefore, people should take advantage of the town fire to drive evil demon. Christmas Eve, the families have rekindled fire has been burning to dawn, not extinguished Otherwise, it will bring about Henghuo. Christmas trees by men from the ignition and entered the house, read aloud: "Christmas fell, cattle, sheep, pigs, horses covered laps, a full longitudinal WHEAT SEEDLINGS everyone good luck." In the house while waiting - Sound replied: "Amen!"
In the December 24 Christmas Eve, you asked around 24 different surnames to a person who fell by 0.1 yuan, with these two 4 for a big, red, and beautiful apple eaten within five minutes, the next year Oh, there will be good luck
Please note! 24 fell by 0.1 yuan! Apple must be a big, red point. This can represent the festive mood. So Christmas are generally a happy heart! ! !
Roast goose
Filled
⑤ 圣诞节 简介英文版
Do you know? Origin of Chdstmas___圣诞由来
The name Christmas is short for“Christ’s Mass”． Mass is a kind of Church service．Christmas is a religious festivaI．It is the day we celebrate as the birthday of Jesus．
There are special Christmas services in Christian churches all over the world．But many of the festivities of Christmas do not have anything to do with religion．Exchanging gifts and sending Christmas cards are the modern ways of celebrating the Christmas In the world．
The birth of Jesus had a story：In Nazareth，a city of Galilee．The vIrgin’s name was Mary was betrothed to Joseph．Before they came together，she was found with
child of the Holy Spirit．Joseph，her husband was minded to put her away secretly．While he thought about these things，Gabriel，an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a
dream and told hIm did not be afraid to take Mary as wife．And Mary，will bring forth a Son，and he shall call his name，Jesus,for he will save his people from their sins．
Before Jesus births．Joseph and Mary came to Quintus was governing Syria．So all went to be registered，everyone to his own city．Joseph also went up out of
Galilee．out of the city of Nazareth．into Judea，to the city of David．which iS called Bethlehem，because he was of the house and of the lineage of David，to be registered with Mary。his betrothed wife，who was with child．So it was that while they were there．the days were completed for her to be delivered．And she brought forth her firstborn Son．and wrapped him in swaddling cloths．and laid him in a
manger．because there was no room for them jn the jnn．And that．Christmas IS the feast of the nativity of Jesus．is on 25th，December every year．But nobody know the acluaI birthday of Jesus．And the Christmas has become popular when Christmas cards appeared in 1 846 and the concept of a joily Santa Claus was first made popular in nineteenth Century．
“圣诞节”这个名称是“基督弥撒”的缩写。弥撒是教会的一种礼拜仪式。耶诞节是一个宗节我们把它当作耶稣的诞辰来庆祝，因而又名耶诞节。这一天，世界所有的基督教会都举行特别的礼拜仪式。但是有很多圣诞节的欢庆活动和宗教并无半点关联。交换礼物，寄圣个诞卡，这都使圣诞节成为一个普天同庆的日子。
圣诞节是基督教世界最大的节日。4世纪初，1月6日是罗马帝国东部各教会纪念耶稣降生和受洗的双重节日、称为“主显节”Epiphany，亦称“显现节”即上帝通过耶稣向世人显示自己。当时只有耶路撒冷的教会例外，那里只纪念耶稣的诞生而不纪念耶稣的受洗。后来历史学家们在罗马基督徒习用的日历中发现公元354年12月25日页内记录着：“基督降生在犹大的伯利恒。”经过研究，一般认为12月25日伴为圣诞节可能开始于公元336年的罗马教会)约在公元375年传到小亚细亚的安提阿，公元430年传到埃及的亚历山大里亚，耶路撒冷的教会接受得最晚，而亚美尼亚的教会则仍然坚持1月6日主显节是耶稣的诞
辰。
12月25日原来是波斯太阳神(即光明之神)密特拉(Mithra)的诞辰，是一个异教徒节日，同时太阳神也是罗马国教众神之一。这一天又是罗马历书的冬至节，崇拜太阳神的异教徒
都把这一天当作春天的希望，万物复苏的开始。可能由于这个原因，罗马教会才选择这一天作为圣诞节。这是教会初期力图把异教徒的风俗习惯基督教化的措施之一。
后来，虽然大多数教会都接受12月25日为圣诞节，但又固各地教会使用的历书不同，具体日期不能统一，于是就把12月24日到第二年的1月6日定为圣诞节节期(Christmas Tide)，各地教会可以根据当地具体情况在这段节期之内庆祝圣诞节。自从12月25日被大多数教会公认为圣诞节后，原来1月6日的主显节就只纪念耶稣受洗了，但天主教会又把1月6日定为“三王来朝节”，以纪念耶稣生时东方三王(即三位博士)来朝拜的故事。随着基督教的广泛传播，圣诞节已成为各教派基督徒，甚至广大非基督徒群众的一个重要节日。在欧美许多国家里，人们非常重视这个节日，把它和新年连在一起，而庆祝活动之热闹与隆
重大大超过了新年，成为一个全民的节日。12月25日的主要纪念活动都与耶稣降生的传说有关。
⑥ 求圣诞节的英文介绍（含翻译的）
圣诞节中英文介绍：
“圣诞节”这个名称是“基督弥撒”的缩写。The name Christmas is short for "Christ’s Mass".圣诞节是个基督教节日，庆祝耶稣基督诞生。Christmas is a Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ.英文圣诞一词源于古英语，意思是基督的弥撒，或基督的节日。The word Christmas comes from Cristes maesse, an early English phrase that means Mass or festival of Christ.至于频繁使用的圣诞节的简写形式“ Xmas ”，学者们认为也许是始于 13 世纪。Scholars believe the frequently used shortened form of Christmas － Xmas － may have come into use in the 13th century.在希腊语里，“ X ”是“基督”的首字母，同时“ X ”也象征耶稣受难的十字架。In Greek, X is the first letter of Christ's name, and also represents the cross on which Jesus was crucified
公元 4 世纪，罗马天主教会将耶稣的诞辰定在 12 月 25 日。In the 4th century the Roman Catholic Church chose December 25 as the day for the Feast of the Nativity圣诞节便是于十二月二十五日纪念耶苏的诞生，And that, Christmas is the feast of the nativity of Jesus, is on 25th, December every year.但真实的诞生日就没有人知道了。But nobody know the actual birthday of Jesus.教会将 12 月 25 日定为基督教节日是为了给当时异教的冬至庆祝活动注入基督教的含义。The church chose December 25 for a Christian holy day in the hope of giving Christian meaning to existing pagan celebrations of the winter solstice。结果，很多异教习俗逐渐融入圣诞节的庆祝活动。As a result, many pagan customs graally became part of the Christmas celebration.
到了 12 世纪，圣诞节已成为欧洲最重要的宗教节日。By the 12th century, Christmas had become the most important religious festival in Europe. 19 世纪，两个圣诞节习俗，即装饰圣诞树和向亲友赠送圣诞卡，变得流行起来。In the 19th century, two Christmas customs became popular － decorating Christmas trees and sending Christmas cards to relatives and friends.许多著名的圣诞颂歌也是在这一时期创作的。Many well-known Christmas carols were composed ring this period.
对于大多数过圣诞节的人来说，这个节日是家庭、朋友聚会的日子，享用美酒佳肴的日子，互赠礼物的日子。For most people who celebrate Christmas, the holiday season is an occasion for gatherings of family and friends, feasting, and giving gifts.圣诞节的庆祝活动对许多工商企业也变得日益重要了。The celebration of Christmas became increasingly important to many kinds of businesses.
圣诞节的重要传统之一是接受圣诞老人赠送的礼物。One of the most important Christmas traditions is receiving gifts from Santa Claus.许多小孩子相信自己在圣诞节收到的礼物来自圣诞老人。圣诞老人是个快活的胖老头儿，长着白胡子，身穿红袍，头戴红帽。据说圣诞老人从北极附近的某地出发，驾着驯鹿拉的雪橇从空中飞到各家，从烟囱进入屋内，留下礼物。Many young children believe that the presents they receive at Christmas are given by Santa Claus, who is a jolly, white-bearded fat man in a red suit and red hat. According to the story, Santa Claus travels through the air from somewhere near the North Pole in a sled drawn by reindeer （驯鹿） and comes down the chimney to leave the presents.现在，许多国家，包括美国、加拿大、英国 和澳大利亚，都有圣诞老人把节日礼物送给孩子们。Today, Santa Claus brings presents to children in many countries, including the United States, Canada, Great Britain and Australia.许多商店雇人装扮成圣诞老人，倾听孩子们的愿望。
Many department stores hire people to wear a Santa Claus costume and listen to children's requests.在英国，圣诞老人也叫“ Father Christmas ”。 In Great Britain Santa Claus is also called Father Christmas.圣诞节前几周，孩子们就开始写信给圣诞老人，告诉他自己想要什么礼物。During the weeks before Christmas, children write letters to Father Christmas and tell him what presents they would like to receive.然后他们把信扔进壁炉的火里。They then throw these letters into the fire.他们相信，如果上升的气流把灰烬顺烟囱带了上去，他们的愿望便会得到满足。Children believe that if a draft draws the letter up through the chimney, their wishes will be fulfilled.
在美国，圣诞节宴席上的传统食物有填馅的火鸡、土豆泥、越橘酱等。A traditional Christmas dinner in America includes stuffed turkey （火鸡） , mashed potatoes, cranberry sauce （越橘酱） , and a variety of other dishes.烤火鸡不但在美国，在加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰也是圣诞宴席上最普遍的主菜。Roast turkey is the most popular main course not only in the United States, but also in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.也有的人家不吃火鸡，而吃火腿或烤鹅。Some families have ham or roast goose instead of turkey.人们最喜欢的饭后甜点包括甜馅饼或南瓜馅饼、李子布丁和水果蛋糕。Favorite desserts include mince pie or pumpkin pie, plum pudding and fruitcake.蛋奶酒是许多家庭喜欢的饮料。Eggnog is a popular Christmas beverage （饮料） in many homes.在英国，圣诞宴在中午举行，传统食品有烤火鸡或烤鹅、圣诞布丁、甜馅饼和葡萄酒。In Britain, Christmas dinner is eaten at noon, and the dinner usually includes roast turkey or goose, Christmas pudding with mince pies, and accompanied by wine.
⑦ 英文翻译圣诞节简介
12月25日这一天的庆祝活动和乐趣和欢乐。随着期待已久的寒假到来，圣诞节专的精神积累。可属爱的雪花，我们亲爱的圣诞老人，装饰房屋完成一系列的圣诞星，槲寄生，好运气的植物，常春藤，固步自封，而不是最美丽装饰和照明圣诞树的一些不可分割的一部分图片。软音乐的圣诞颂歌和儿童的渴望，以开启他们的礼物无疑提供独特的温暖送到最寒冷的一天的一年。
基督诞生也许是最流行的节日在世界各地。黑暗的夜空，在寒冷的冬季，所有的只是提供了完美的背景下，为卫冕红色和绿色的颜色欢呼整个风景。人们访问他们的家属，并安排一些最奢华活动。最期待节日，圣诞节意味着爱和善良，欢乐和幸福。这个节日的精神在此时期用一个词形容——传染病！
本人英语一般菜！
⑧ 圣诞节的英文介绍带中文翻译20词
Christmas is a Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ..圣诞节复是基督教为了庆祝制耶稣的诞生而设定的节日。
No one knows the exact date of Christ's birth, but most Christians observe Christmas on December 25.没有人知道耶稣是在哪一天出生的，但是大多数基督教徒选择了12月25日作为圣诞节。
On this day, many go to church, where they take part in special religious services.在这一天，许多人来到教堂参加各种特殊的宗教服务。
During the Christmas season, they also exchange gifts and decorate their homes with holly, mistletoe, and Christmas trees在圣诞期间，他们互相交换礼物用神圣的圣诞花圣诞树装饰自己的屋子
⑨ 圣诞节的英文介绍，越详细越好！
圣诞节的传说：童贞女受孕上帝之子
Christmas Day-December 25-which celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ, the founder of the Christian religion, is the biggest and best-loved holiday in the Christian World.
According to the Bible, the holy book of Christians, God decided to allow his only son, Jesus Christ, to be born to a human mother and live on earth so that people could understand God better and learn to love God and each other more. "Christmas"- meaning "celebration of Christ "- honors the time when Jesus was born to a young Jewish woman Mary.
Mary was engaged to be married to Joseph, a carpenter, but before they came together, she was found to be with child. Because Joseph, her husband, was a righteous man and did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly.
But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, "Do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins."
Although the exact date of the birth of Jesus nearly 2,000 years ago is not known, the calendar on the supposed date divides all time into B.C. (Before Christ )and A.D. ( a Latin phrase, Anno Domini, "in the year of our Lord.") For the first 300 years, Jesus' birthday was celebrated on different dates. Finally, in the year 354, church leaders chose December 25 as his birthday.
参考译文（来自互联网）
12月25日的圣诞节是庆祝基督教创始人耶稣基督生日的日子，是基督教世界最大的、人们最喜爱的节日。
据基督教徒的圣书《圣经》说，上帝决定让他的独生子耶稣基督投生人间，找个母亲，然后就在人间生活，以便人们能更好地了解上帝、学习热爱上帝和更好地相互热爱。“圣诞节”的意思是“庆祝基督”，庆祝一个年轻的犹太妇女玛丽娅生下耶稣的时刻。
玛丽娅已和木匠约瑟夫订婚。可是，在他们同居之前，约瑟夫发现玛丽娅已怀孕。因为约瑟夫是个正派的人，又不想把这件事说出去让她丢脸，所以他想悄悄地和她分手。
他正在考虑这事时，上帝的天使出现在他的梦中，对他说，“不要嘀咕了，把玛丽娅娶回家。她怀的孩子来自圣灵。她将生下个男孩子，你们给孩子起名叫耶稣，因为他将从罪恶中拯救人们。”
尽管耶稣的确切生日并不清楚，大约是在2000年前，但是日历按着假定日期把时间分为公元前（耶稣基督诞生前）和公元后（A.D. 是拉丁文缩写，意思是“有了我们主--耶稣的年代”）。在公元后的头三百年间，耶稣的生日是在不同的日子庆祝的。最后，在公元354年，教堂的领导人把12月25日定为耶稣基督的生日。
The History of Christmas
The history of Christmas dates back over 4000 years. Many of our Christmas traditions were celebrated centuries before the Christ child was born. The 12 days of Christmas, the bright fires, the yule log, the giving of gifts, carnivals(parades) with floats, carolers who sing while going from house to house, the holiday feasts, and the church processions can all be traced back to the early Mesopotamians.
Many of these traditions began with the Mesopotamian celebration of New Years. The Mesopotamians believed in many gods, and as their chief god - Mark. Each year as winter arrived it was believed that Mark would do battle with the monsters of chaos. To assist Mark in his struggle the Mesopotamians held a festival for the New Year. This was Zagmuk, the New Year's festival that lasted for 12 days.
The Mesopotamian king would return to the temple of Mark and swear his faithfulness to the god. The traditions called for the king to die at the end of the year and to return with Mark to battle at his side.
To spare their king, the Mesopotamians used the idea of a "mock" king. A criminal was chosen and dressed in royal clothes. He was given all the respect and privileges of a real king. At the end of the celebration the "mock" king was stripped of the royal clothes and slain, sparing the life of the real king.
The Persians and the Babylonians celebrated a similar festival called the Sacaea. Part of that celebration included the exchanging of places, the slaves would become the masters and the masters were to obey.
Early Europeans believed in evil spirits, witches, ghosts and trolls. As the Winter Solstice approached, with its long cold nights and short days, many people feared the sun would not return. Special rituals and celebrations were held to welcome back the sun.
In Scandinavia ring the winter months the sun would disappear for many days. After thirty-five days scouts would be sent to the mountain tops to look for the return of the sun. When the first light was seen the scouts would return with the good news. A great festival would be held, called the Yuletide, and a special feast would be served around a fire burning with the Yule log. Great bonfires would also be lit to celebrate the return of the sun. In some areas people would tie apples to branches of trees to remind themselves that spring and summer would return.
The ancient Greeks held a festival similar to that of the Zagmuk/Sacaea festivals to assist their god Kronos who would battle the god Zeus and his Titans.
The Roman's celebrated their god Saturn. Their festival was called Saturnalia which began the middle of December and ended January 1st. With cries of "Jo Saturnalia!" the celebration would include masquerades in the streets, big festive meals, visiting friends, and the exchange of good-luck gifts called Strenae (lucky fruits).
The Romans decked their halls with garlands of laurel and green trees lit with candles. Again the masters and slaves would exchange places.
"Jo Saturnalia!" was a fun and festive time for the Romans, but the Christians though it an abomination to honor the pagan god. The early Christians wanted to keep the birthday of their Christ child a solemn and religious holiday, not one of cheer and merriment as was the pagan Saturnalia.
But as Christianity spread they were alarmed by the continuing celebration of pagan customs and Saturnalia among their converts. At first the Church forbid this kind of celebration. But it was to no avail. Eventually it was decided that the celebration would be tamed and made into a celebration fit for the Christian Son of God.
Some legends claim that the Christian "Christmas" celebration was invented to compete against the pagan celebrations of December. The 25th was not only sacred to the Romans but also the Persians whose religion Mithraism was one of Christianity's main rivals at that time. The Church eventually was successful in taking the merriment, lights, and gifts from the Saturanilia festival and bringing them to the celebration of Christmas.
The exact day of the Christ child's birth has never been pinpointed. Traditions say that it has been celebrated since the year 98 AD. In 137 AD the Bishop of Rome ordered the birthday of the Christ Child celebrated as a solemn feast. In 350 AD another Bishop of Rome, Julius I, choose December 25th as the observance of Christmas.
参考：
圣诞节来历：
每年12月25日是全世界大多数基督徒纪念耶稣诞生的日子。
教会开始并无圣诞节，约在耶稣升天后百余年内才有。据说：第一个圣诞节是在公元138年，由罗马主教圣克里门倡议举行。而教会史载第一个圣诞节则在公元336年。由于圣经未明记耶稣生于何时，故各地圣诞节日期各异。直到公元440年，才由罗马教廷定12月25日为圣诞节。公元1607年，世界各地教会领袖在伯利恒聚会，进一步予以确定，从此世界大多数的基督徒均以12月25日为圣诞节。其实哪一天并不要紧，重要的是应该知道它是为纪念救主耶稣降生。
由于圣经记载耶稣生于夜间，故传统称12月24日夜为"圣诞夜"或"平安夜"。
耶稣的降生，有旧约先知预言："必有童女怀孕生子，给他起名叫以马内利（意思为'上帝与我们同在'）。"（以赛亚书7章14节，圣经下同）
耶稣降生时，有天使报信："不要惧怕，我给你们大喜的信息，是关乎万民的；因今天在大卫的城里，为你们生了救主，就是主基督。你们要看见一个婴孩，包着布，卧在马槽里，那就是记号了。"（路加福音2章10-12节）
耶稣降生时，有博士朝拜，"他们看见那星就大大地欢喜。进了房子，看见小孩子和他母亲马利亚，就俯伏拜那小孩子，揭开宝盒，手拿黄金、乳香、没药为礼物献给他。"（马太福音2章10-11节）
耶稣，意指"上帝拯救"，因为圣经说："世人都犯了罪，亏缺了上帝的荣耀。"（罗马书3章23节）罪使人离开生命的源头，宇宙万物的主宰。罪使人失去公义、仁爱，变得自私、骄傲、贪婪、邪恶。罪破坏人与上帝、人与人之间和睦的关系，使人活在无可奈何的痛苦之中。罪使人将来要面对永远的刑罚和痛苦，"人人都有一死，死后且有审判。"（希伯来书9章27节）因为上帝是圣洁、公义的！
但是，上帝又是慈爱的主，他赐给世人自己的独生子--耶稣基督，成为人的样式（就是圣诞），作我们的救赎主，他要将自己的百姓从罪恶里救出来。（马太福音1章21节）他代替了我们的软弱，担当了我们的罪的刑罚。"上帝使我们众人的罪孽都归到他身上"，（以赛亚书53章6节）为我们的罪钉死在十字架上。
今天，只要你悔改自己的罪，相信他，接受他做你个人的救主，你的罪就被赦免了，你与上帝就恢复了那起初和睦的关系，你就得了永远的生命。今天你接受耶稣在你的心里，今天就是你的圣诞节，愿上帝今年赐给你一个特别的圣诞节！
各国圣诞节习俗：
法国法国中部的色日尔斯地方，每年圣诞节前后几天必降大雪，白雪皑皑，令人清新。在西方人眼里，白色圣诞是一种吉祥。在法国，马槽是最富有特色的圣诞标志，因为相传耶稣是诞生在马槽旁的。人们大唱颂赞耶稣的圣诞歌之后，必须开怀畅饮，香槟和白兰地是法国传统的圣诞美酒。
芬兰芬兰在12月圣诞节前后，漫山遍野都是怒放的紫罗兰，掩映在白色的大地上，望去一片紫红色，紫色圣诞使人心旷神怡。
英国和德国英国人和德国人一样，圣诞节喝啤酒，吃烤鹅，他们更喜欢利用圣诞节假日外出旅游。
美国美国人过圣诞节着重家庭布置，安置圣诞树，在袜子中塞满礼物，吃以火鸡为主的圣诞大菜，举行家庭舞会。
瑞士瑞士人在圣诞节前4个星期，就将4支巨型的蜡烛点燃，放在由树枝装饰成的一个环里，每周点1支，当点燃第4支后，圣诞节就到了。
丹麦丹麦人对不合意的圣诞礼物，可去商店兑换价格相似的其他商品。
澳大利亚澳大利亚是南半球的国家之一。12月底，正当西欧各国在寒风呼啸中欢度圣诞节时，澳大利亚正是热不可耐的仲夏时节。因此在澳大利亚过圣诞节，到处可以看见光着上身汗水涔涔的小伙子和穿超短裙的姑娘，与商店橱窗里精心布置的冬日雪景、挂满雪花的圣诞树和穿红棉袄的圣诞老人，构成澳大利亚特有的节日图景。这种酷暑和严冬景象的强烈对比，恐怕在西方国家是独一无二的。父母给子女最好的圣诞礼物，莫过于一副小水划。圣诞节弄潮是澳大利亚的一大特征。节日晚上，带着饮料到森林里举行“巴别居”野餐。人们用石头垒的露天灶中用枯树枝生火、上面架一块铁板，把香肠、牛肉、鲜鱼等放上去煎。吃饱喝足后，就跳起“迪斯科”或“袋鼠舞”，一直闹到深夜才结束。喝醉了的，便往草地上一躺，在如雷的鼾声中迎接圣诞老人的莅临。
波兰在波兰每年12月25日、26日举行，家家户户都要装饰圣诞树，大街小巷都有圣诞树上的装饰品出卖。节日里亲友之间相互祝贺，互赠礼品，表示友好。晚间吃饭时桌布下边要放一些草，以示耶稣的降生。晚饭很丰富，但不能吃肉。夜间12时后，全家去教堂礼拜。圣诞节期间，一般不到别人家中做客，但主人盛情邀请者例外。
保加利亚据保加利亚的历法，圣诞节是灵魂出没、妖邪猖狂的日子。因此，人们要借助火来驱妖镇邪。圣诞节前夜，家家都燃起火堆，一直燃到天亮，不得熄灭，否则会招来横祸。由男人取圣诞木点火进屋并高声念道：“圣诞节降临，牛、羊、猪、马长满圈，麦苗出满垅，人人走好运。”在屋里等候的人则齐声回答：“阿门！”
⑩ 圣诞节介绍(英语写)
History of Christmas
In the Western world, the birthday of Jesus Christ has been celebrated on December 25th since AD 354, replacing an earlier date of January 6th. The Christians had by then appropriated many pagan festivals and traditions of the season, that were practiced in many parts of the Middle East and Europe, as a means of stamping them out.
There were mid-winter festivals in ancient Babylon and Egypt, and Germanic fertility festivals also took place at this time. The birth of the ancient sun-god Attis in Phrygia was celebrated on December 25th, as was the birth of the Persian sun-god, Mithras. The Romans celebrated Saturnalia, a festival dedicated to Saturn, the god of peace and plenty, that ran from the 17th to 24th of December. Public gathering places were decorated with flowers, gifts and candles were exchanged and the population, slaves and masters alike, celebrated the occasion with great enthusiasm.
In Scandinavia, a period of festivities known as Yule contributed another impetus to celebration, as opposed to spirituality. As Winter ended the growing season, the opportunity of enjoying the Summer's bounty encouraged much feasting and merriment.
The Celtic culture of the British Isles revered all green plants, but particularly mistletoe and holly. These were important symbols of fertility and were used for decorating their homes and altars.
New Christmas customs appeared in the Middle Ages. The most prominent contribution was the carol, which by the 14th century had become associated with the religious observance of the birth of Christ.
In Italy, a tradition developed for re-enacting the birth of Christ and the construction of scenes of the nativity. This is said to have been introced by Saint Francis as part of his efforts to bring spiritual knowledge to the laity.
Saints Days have also contributed to our Christmas celebrations. A prominent figure in today's Christmas is Saint Nicholas who for centuries has been honored on December 6th. He was one of the forerunners of Santa Claus.
Another popular ritual was the burning of the Yule Log, which is strongly embedded in the pagan worship of vegetation and fire, as well as being associated with magical and spiritual powers.
Celebrating Christmas has been controversial since its inception. Since numerous festivities found their roots in pagan practices, they were greatly frowned upon by conservatives within the Church. The feasting, gift-giving and frequent excesses presented a drastic contrast with the simplicity of the Nativity, and many people throughout the centuries and into the present, condemn such practices as being contrary to the true spirit of Christmas.
The earliest English reference to December 25th as Christmas Day did not come until 1043.