山西地理介绍英语怎么说

『壹』 介绍山西的英文导游词

山西地势城南北狭长状，东北高，西南低，这样就形成了南部气温明显高于东北部的特点。当南部的运城地区酷暑难耐时，北部芦芽山、五台山却凉风习习，景色宜人。

山西多层次的地理地貌造就了丰富的物产。适宜多种农作物生长，如运城地区的小麦、棉花，晋北山区的莜麦、土豆。由于山西各地气候不同，土质不同，还形成了多种地方土特产，如沁州小米、清徐葡萄、原平的梨、汾阳核桃、稷山的枣等，都非常有名。还有汾阳杏花村的汾酒、清徐的老陈醋尤为著名，早已远销海外。

山西还有丰富的森林矿产资源。煤的藏量居全国首位，煤田遍及全省80%以上的县市。

山西的物产有名，山西人的勤俭淳朴也非常有名，“天下第一廉吏”的于成龙就是山西人。由于在山西的历史上经过了长期的民族交融，交通又不便利，从而使山西形成了众多方言。山西地区还有众多的戏剧、秧歌、民歌等民间娱乐活动。

然而今天的山西已不是以前的山西，随着经济的发展，山西发生了翻天覆地的变化。五台山佛教文化节、太原国际面食节、平遥国际摄影大展等，充分展现了山西人的新风貌。即使像剪纸、面人等民间艺术，也走出了山西，走出国门，走向海外。

Shanxi city of north-south strip-like terrain, the north-east, south-west low, thus forming a temperature significantly higher than in the south of the characteristics of the north-east. When the heat in the southern region of Yuncheng encounter, the northern part of the Mountain, Mount Wutai is breezy, pleasant scenery.

Shanxi multi-level and the geographic landform created a rich natural resources. Suitable for a variety of crop growth, such as areas of Yuncheng wheat, cotton, Shanxi Province's mountainous naked oats, and potatoes. Shanxi because of the climate, soil, has also created a variety of local procts, such as millet, Qin, XU grapes, the original level of pears, walnuts Fenyang, the Jiksan date, and so on, are very well-known. There Fenyang of Heng Fa Chuen Fen, XU old mature vinegar is particularly well-known, has long been sold overseas.

Shanxi also rich in mineral resources in the forest. Coal reserves in the nation's top coal fields throughout the province for more than 80 percent of counties and cities.

Shanxi's well-known procts, from Shanxi's also a very famous diligence simple, "Lian Li the best in the world" in the Jackie Chan is from Shanxi. Because of the history of Shanxi Province, after a long period of national integration, not to facilitate traffic, so that the formation of a large number of Shanxi dialect. There are many areas in Shanxi Drama, Yangko, folk songs, such as recreational activities.

However, today's Shanxi Province, Shanxi is not the former, with the economic development of Shanxi, earthshaking changes have taken place. Wutai Mountain Buddhism Festival, the pasta section of the International Taiyuan, Pingyao International Photography Exhibition, and so on, fully demonstrated the new look from Shanxi. Even as paper cutting, folk art, and other people face, but also out of Shanxi, go out of the country, to overseas

希望采纳！

『贰』 写一篇英语作文介绍家乡，我的家乡在山西，介绍他的地理位置，气候，

Therearefourseasonsinayear.Theyarespring,summer,fallandwinter.一年中有四个季节.它们是春、夏、秋、冬.Ilikespring.Itiswarm.Itoftenrains..Thespringisgreen.我喜欢春天.暖和,经常下雨.我可以在春天种树,种花.春天是绿色的.Summerisveryhot.Icanswimintheriver.Summerisred.夏天很热.我可以在河里游泳.夏天是红色的.Fallisagoodseason.Icanflykitesinfall.Icaneatmanyapplestoo.Fallisyellow.秋天是个不错的季节.我可以在秋天放风筝.我也可以吃很多苹果.秋天是黄色的.Winteriscold.Itoftensnows.IwishIcanmakeasnowmaninwinter.Winteriswhite.冬天很冷.经常下雪.我希望我可以在冬天堆雪人.冬天是白色的.Ilovealltheseasons,becausetheyarebeautiful.我喜欢所有的季节,因为它们都很美.

『叁』 英语介绍我的家乡——山西运城

Introction of my hometown
--Yuncheng

Yuncheng is seat in the south of Shanxi province, which is skirted on three sides by Lvliang Mountains and Taihang Mountains, with one side opening onto Yellow River, having the total area about 24,000 square kilometers. Yuncheng is the most famous place and local people believe that it was called China earliest in story.

This ancient city has a approximately 5000 years history. From Chinese myth of Nvwa to Guanyu, archaeologists find many valuable sites here. This wide piece of land reserves antiquity records of human’ using fire, making salt, growing crops, feeding silkworms and est. unexaggratingly speaking, Yuncheng, also named Hedong, which means in the east of river, is the cradle of Chinese civilization.

Compared with other cities, Yuncheng is the most richly endowed with some major natural resources for instry, especially energy resources such as iron, coal, and magnesium. Because of the abundance of sunshine and mild climate, Yuncheng has an ideal environment for many kinds of north fruits, like apple, to grow.

Never showing his long life from the date of human’s birth, tourist instry benefiting from the well development of transportation system, becomes an important part in Yuncheng’s economy. You would find Buddhism in Wutai Mountain, enjoy your fantabulous view on Yellow River Bridge, touch those age-old compounds, and would also taste various kinds of delicious food made of flour.

Not only is it a historical city, but a modern city as well. Yon may like to find its beauty by your own.
Welcome to Yuncheng.

『肆』 英语，80词，描述太原，就是地理位置什么的，谢谢

写好中文 找网络翻译就行

『伍』 英语介绍我的家乡——山西临汾

我的家乡——山西临汾:

My hometown, Linfen, is known as the "flower and fruit city". It also has the nickname "Snail City" and "Pingyang mansion". Linfen is the first emperor of China, the hometown of Yao, and one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization.

I love this beautiful city affectionately. There are many scenic spots and parks in my hometown, such as: the first gate, the Yao temple, the drum tower, the waterlogged River Park and so on. What I like most is the waterlogging River Park. Every season, it has its own unique style. Spring is coming. Large tulips are blooming, pink, red, yellow and purple. They are full of flowers and gorgeous. From afar, the sea of flowers is like a fairyland in the world. Children roll in flowers, butterflies and bees play in flowers. In summer, the lotus opened, rented a yacht, passed through the dense lotus clusters, picked up a piece of lotus leaf, cleaned it in the river, and wore it on the head for fun.

The arrival of autumn brought colorful chrysanthemums to the park, and colorful flowers brought visitors away, afraid that they would not see the beautiful scenery when they left. The winter was accompanied by goose snow and heavy snow, and changed into silver in the park.

In the early morning, the river was covered with mist, and the tourists sat in the boat enjoying the beautiful scenery. At noon, the sun evaporated the fog, and the sun came out. Some people were enjoying the cool under the shade of trees, fishing by some banks, and watching beautiful scenery. In the evening, the waterfalls in the river opened, and there was a cave behind the water. There was always a sense of Monkey King's appendage from behind.

Linfen is not only beautiful, but also has many specialties, such as the crisp meat noodles of Hongdong, the cut noodles of Fushan, the walnut of ancient county, the pear of Xi county, etc. But my favorite is the meatball noodles. The beef balls are spicy and refreshing, often sweating after eating. A large bowl full of red hot oil. Simple and simple delicious, heartily and thoroughly.

In summer, a bowl of hot noodles makes people forget the hot summer. In winter, a bowl of hot noodles can withstand cold and cold. It is better to use bowl noodles than any panacea.

Linfen welcomes the arrival of you! My friends, please believe me, you will be attracted to the beautiful scenery here and be conquered by the delicious food here.

拓展资料：

我的家乡——临汾被称为“花果城”，也有别称“蜗牛城”、“平阳府”。临汾是中国第一代皇帝——尧的故乡，也是中华文明的发祥地之一。

我深情的热爱这个美丽的城市。 我的家乡风景优美，有许多景区和公园，如：天下第一门华门、尧庙、鼓楼、涝洰河公园等。可我最喜欢的就是涝洰河公园了。每个季节，它都有自己独特的风采。春天来了，大片的郁金香盛开了，有粉的，有红的；有黄的，还有紫的，它们缤纷盛开，十分艳丽。远远望去，花海一片，就仿佛身临人间仙境一般，小孩子在花海中打滚、蝴蝶、蜜蜂在花丛中嬉戏。夏天，荷花开了，租上游艇，在茂密的荷花丛中穿过，顺手摘上一片荷叶，在河中清洗干净，戴在头上遮阳真是好玩极了。

秋的到来，为公园送来了五颜六色的菊花，五彩缤纷的花朵引得游人流连忘返，生怕走了就看不到美景了。冬伴随着鹅毛大雪，给公园换上了银装，梅花开了寒风中飘着阵阵香气。

清晨，河面上弥漫着薄雾，游人们坐着船，欣赏着朦胧中的美景。中午，太阳蒸融了雾气，太阳出来了人们，有的在树阴下乘凉，有的河滩旁钓鱼，还有的在观赏美景。傍晚，河中的瀑布开了，水流后有个山洞，从后面过总有美猴王附体的感觉。

临汾不仅风光美，还有许多特产，如：洪洞的酥肉面、浮山的刀削面、古县核桃、隰县的梨等。可我的最爱是牛肉丸子面了。牛肉丸子面鲜辣爽口，吃完后往往大汗淋漓。满满的一大碗面上，飘着鲜红的辣油。淳朴简单的美味，令人酣畅淋漓。

夏天，一碗热辣辣的面，让人忘记酷暑。冬天，一碗热辣辣的面能抵挡彻骨严寒，感冒了，来碗面比任何灵丹妙药都好用。

临汾欢迎你们的到来！朋友请相信我，你们来到这里定会被这里的美景所吸引，被这里的美食所征服。

『陆』 关于山西概况的英文介绍

Shanxi is a province in the northern part of the People's Republic of China. Its one-character abbreviation is Jin, after the state of Jin that existed here ring the Spring and Autumn Period.

Shanxi's name literally means "mountains' west", which refers to the province's location west of the Taihang Mountains. Shanxi borders Hebei to the east, Henan to the south, Shaanxi to the west, and Inner Mongolia to the north. The capital of the district is Taiyuan.

Shanxi is located on a plateau, which is in turn made up of higher ground to the east (Taihang Mountains) and the west (Lü Mountains), and a series of valleys in the center through which the Fen River runs. The highest peak is Mount Wutai (Wutai Shan) in northeastern Shanxi at an altitude of 3058 m. The Great Wall of China forms most of the northern border of Shanxi with Inner Mongolia.

The Huang He (Yellow River) forms the western border of Shanxi with Shaanxi. The Fen and Qin rivers, tributaries of the Huang He, run north-to-south through the province, and drain much of its area. The north of the province is drained by tributaries of the Hai River, such as Sanggan and Hutuo rivers. The largest natural lake in Shanxi is Xiechi Lake, a salt lake near Yuncheng in southwestern Shanxi.

Shanxi has a continental monsoon climate, and is rather arid. Average January temperatures are below 0 °C, while average July temperatures are around 21 - 26 °C. Annual precipitation averages around 350-700 mm, with 60% of it concentrated between June and August.

『柒』 请用英语介绍一下家乡，我是山西的，急急急！

Shanxi is located west of the Taihang Mountains, east of the Yellow River. Shanxi Province in the name of, because home is named the Taihang Mountains to the west. Since ancient times, known as the "table mountains and rivers." Spring and Autumn Period, most of all for Jin, therefore referred to as "Jin"; the early Warring States period, Han, Zhao, Jin Wei, 3 minutes, thus also known as "Shanxi." The province's total area of 156,579 square kilometers, in 2008 the total population of 34.1 million people, has jurisdiction over Taiyuan, Datong, Shuozhou, Yangquan, Chang, Xinzhou, Luliang, Jinzhong, Linfen, Yuncheng, Jincheng of 11 prefecture-level cities, a total of 85 counties, 11 county-level cities, 23 municipal districts.
The provincial capital of Taiyuan, the provincial government in Taiyuan House Street.

『捌』 写自己的家乡山西用英语写6句话

Shanxi Province got its name e to its location to the west of Taihang Mountain.Shanxi neighbored on Hebei,Henan,Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia & Autonomous Region.It is located to the east of the Yellow River,and is also known as Hedong.Shanxi belonged to Jin State in Spring and Autumn Period,so it is abbreviated in Jin.Shanxi occupies an area of 156,000 square kilometers (about 60,000 square miles) and has a population of over 32 million,including its minority ethnic population.Its capital is Taiyuan City.
When to go
Being at a high altitude,Shanxi Province has a cold and dry climate and has an annual rainfall of between 400-600 millimeters.The province is also frequently plagued by sandstorms,especially in the spring,so it is often useful to bring along both sunglasses and a hat when visiting.Generally speaking,the province's climate is the best between May and October.
History
Shanxi is one of the birth places of Chinese civilizations with a long history and traditional culture.As early as one hundred million years ago,the ancestors of the Chinese lived and propagated in this region.Legend tells us that the Yellow Emperor,founder of the Chinese nation,once lived in Shanxi for a certain period.Today,many Neolithic sites from that period can still be seen dotted across the vast expanse of the province.
What to see
Shanxi is endowed with an abundance of cultural sites from its long history.Most of the ancient structures were built before the Liao and Song Dynasties.So it is the reason why Shanxi is often called the 'Chinese Ancient Architecture Museum'.The more obvious of these include:the Buddhist wonder of the Yungang Grottoes in Datong City,the ancient city of Pingyao which was listed as a World Cultural Heritage site by UNESCO in 1997,the oldest and tallest ancient wooden pagoda in China,the Wooden Pagoda of Yingxian County and the remote Shuanglin and Jinci Temples,which are well worth the long journeys for the visitors.
Of course,there are a number of natural magnificent and beautiful places that can also be seen in Shanxi.The most famous of them include Wutai Mountain with the longest and most prestigious history in the four most well-known Buddhist holy lands of China,the whistling rage of the Yellow River's Kettle Spout waterfalls (Hukou Waterfalls) and one of the Five Sacred Mountains in China - Mt Hengshan.
山西省由于其地理位置更名为西太行山，山西河南、陕西相邻的河北和内蒙古自治区。它位于黄河东部，也被称为河东。山西是晋国在春秋时期，所以简称晋。山西占地156000平方公里（60000平方英里），人口超过3200万，其中少数民族人口的首都是太原市。
什么时候去
在高海拔地区，山西的气候寒冷干燥，年均降水量在400-600毫米之间。省经常遭受沙尘暴，尤其是在春天，所以经常带着墨镜和帽子都拜访时有用。一般来说，该省的气候是最好的月和十月之间。
历史
山西是中华文明的发祥地之一，有着悠久的历史和传统文化，早在一亿年前，中华民族的祖先就在这一地域生活，相传，中华民族的创始人，曾经在山西生活了一段时期，至今仍有许多新石器时代遗址在广袤的地域上看到。
看什么
山西有着丰富的文化遗址，从其悠久的历史，最古老的建筑在辽、宋时期，所以这就是为什么山西被称为“中国古代建筑博物馆”。更为明显的有：大同市市云冈石窟佛教的奇迹，平遥被列为世界文化遗产被联合国教科文组织在1997古老的城市，在中国最古老和最高的古木塔，应县的木塔和远程双林和晋祠，这是很值得参观的长途旅行。
当然，有一些自然的壮观和美丽的地方，也可以看到在山西。其中最著名的包括五台山在四个最著名的佛教圣地中国最长和最有声望的历史，呼啸的愤怒的黄河壶口瀑布（湖口瀑布）之一五神圣的山在中国-横山山。

『玖』 介绍山西的英语短文

一共两篇 一片长一篇短 你可以从第二篇里节选出你喜欢的内容对第一段进行补充 有什么其他的疑问 可以站内信联系

Shanxi,located on the eastern part of the loess plateau of North China, Borders Hebei Province, Henan Province , Shanxi Provicne and Inner Mogolia Autonomous Region. The name of the province, Shanxi, literally means "West of the Mountains", referring to the Taihang Mountains.

Spring is windy and the temperature varies greatly between day and night. Summer is hot and rainy .Autumn is short and mild. Winter is long, cold and dry. The yearly average temperature is 12/20 degrees C, while the lowest temperature is -1/7 degrees C. Non Frost season varies from 1 to 7 months . The most of province has an average rainfall of 400/500 millimeters. The best tour season is from April to October.

the Best Selected Tours:
Buddhism and Ancient Buildings Tour in North Shanxi
Shanxi Merchants' Culture and Folklore Tour in Central Shanxi
Yellow River Culture and Ancestor Tracing Tour
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Shanxi
I. Basic Figures
Areas: 156.3 thousand km2

Population: 31.908 million (by the end of 1997)

Provincial Capital: Taiyuan City

Geography: Shanxi Province is in China¢ s Huabei Area and the eastern Huangtu (loess) Plateau. It is between 34° 34.8¢ N~40° 43.4¢ N and 110° 14.6¢ E~114° 33.4¢ E, and neighbors on Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi, and Inner Mongolia.

Natural Resources: Shanxi Province is mostly mountainous regions and plateaus covered by loess. Its mountainous region is wide and plains are few, so cultivated land is inadequate. Shanxi¢ s forest resource is also little and with low quality. Because of the great need of lumber, almost all of its lumber comes from other provinces. Anyhow, more than 120 types of minerals have been found in Shanxi, including coal, bauxite, pearlite, refractory clay, gallium, and zeolite which are the first in China. It is one of the country¢ s energy bases, but it lacks water resource.

Economy: In 1997, the gross domestic proct of Shanxi was 148.013 billion yuan, the gross instrial and agricultural output value was 269.177 billion yuan, and the per capita gross national proct was 4,712 yuan. The total imports and exports were 1,952.32 million US dollars; total provincial government revenue was 9,281 million yuan; yield of grain 9.0187 million tons. Two thirds of counties have coal field. There are many types of coal and iron, and they are widely dispersed. The manufacture of cranes, mining machinery, steel rolling mills and textile machinery also shares an important place in China¢ s instry, and its light instry and textile instry is developing at a high speed. It also has traditional procts such as Xinghuacun Fenjiu liquor, Chang porcelain and Qingxu mature vinegar.

People¢ s Life: By the end of 1997, Shanxi had labor force of 19.786 million people, made 63.0% total provincial population, the labor force resource utilization rate was 72.70%. The total wages of staff and workers was 23,996.42 million yuan; total social insurance and welfare funds of employed and retired staff and workers were 6.95 billion yuan. The per capita net income of rural residence was 1,738.26 yuan. The average wage of staff and workers was 5,320 yuan, and the per capita annual disposable income of urban households was 3,989.9 yuan. The average household consumption was 1,985 yuan, 1,247 for rural residence and 4,172 for urban residence. The number of hospital beds per 10,000 persons was 35.3, and number of doctors per 10,000 persons was 42.4.

Ecation: By the end of 1997, there were 42 higher ecation institutions in Shanxi, with number of student enrolment 71,138 and teachers 8,713; 3,942 secondary schools with number of student enrolment 2.0142 million and teachers 142,051; 39,622 primary schools with number of student enrolment 3.4464 million and teachers 174,055. The features of ecation distribution of Shanxi population are the increase of ecated population of each level except primary ecation (this is because of the decrease of primary school-age children) and decrease of illiterate and half-illiterate population annually.

II. Population Situation

Size and Distribution

The total population of Shanxi in 1997 was 31.908 million. The population density was 201/km2 with uneven distribution geographically. Because of the differences in social-economic development and labor force distribution, there have been higher population density in middle basin, and lower in the east mountainous area, and also low in western hilly land. More people living in the areas with rich mineral resource and developed instry and mining, more people living in the plain, and the population growth was faster in the plain than in the mountainous and hilly areas. The most of urban population are located in plain and basin, and larger proportion of agricultural population in the same areas also.

There are 45 minority nationalities in the province, all of them in small size.

Population History

The population in Shanxi has been developed very fast since the 50¢ s. The process can be divided into 4 periods by the variations in total population and annual increase rate:

1949~58 was the period of fast increase of total population with an annual rate of 26.52‰; 1959~61 was the trough of population increase; 1962~73 was the period of fast population increase, average 456 thousands increase annually, the average annual increase rate was 23.41‰; 1973~now has been the period of steady growth with plan, population growth has been under control through the widely promotion of family planning.

Population Structure by Sex and Age

Because variety of reasons, sex ratios were relatively high in Shanxi in history. It was about 130 from 1912 to 1937, and graally lowered after 1949. In 1990, the sex ratio of Shanxi was 108.51, still higher than the national average. The distribution of sex ratios is uneven geographically, with higher in the north and lower in the south, decreased graally. The sex ratios are higher in cities and towns, higher in instry and mining areas. Among 1997 population of 31.908 million, population of age 0~14 was 8.675 million, made 27.19% of the total; 15~64 population made 66.58% of the total (21.245 million); and population of age 65 and above was 1.987 million, made 6.23% of the total. The total dependency ratio was 50.19%, with the ratio of children 40.83% and of aged 9.35%.

Fertility Level and Changes

The fertility level in Shanxi is in the upper middle position of the nation. It has been varied in a saddle shape in the 80¢ s. In 1981, the total fertility rate was 2.43, then it decreased to 2.1 in 1985 after the practice of “Family Planning Regulation of Shanxi Province.” It returned to the level of 1981 after the readjustment of the Regulation in 1986, was 2.42 in 1990. There appeared to be an earlier marriage and fertility peak-value, decreased high parity birth proportion, and increased second parity births. The third fertility peak was observed in 1992, the fertility level lowered since the women in childbearing age decreased annually.

In 1997, the birth rate of Shanxi was 16.18‰, natural increase rate 10.12‰. According to population projections in 3 scenarios of high, medium, and low, the population of Shanxi will still increase in the early of next century, with decreased new born population and birth rate.

Mortality and Life Expectancy

The mortality decreased sharply since the establishment of new China, but the process was not smooth. The total number of death and mortality decreased, infant mortality decreased also. Rural-urban difference is obvious in mortality; and male mortality is higher than that of female, minority mortality is lower than that of Han majority people. The provincial mortality rate decreased from 13.70‰ in 1949 to 6.06‰ in 1997.

The average life expectancies ring 1928~33 were 38.90 for male and 34.27 for female. Since the fast decrease of mortality level after 1949, the life expectancy increased significantly, reached 69.42 in 1990.

Marriage, Family Size and Type

By 1990 4th National Census, the never-married male population was larger than female, with rural-urban difference. Most of the never-married population was young alts. The never-married rates were increasing as ecation level increase. Very few people stayed never married lifetime. There were more married women than men. Married population proportion increased as age increase before age 40, and it increased faster ring marriage-childbearing peak. Women¢ s average age at first marriage has been increasing. There were more widowed women. The proportion of widowed population increased as age increases. The widowhood rate decreased for older age group, higher in rural than urban, and higher in illiterate and half-illiterate people. The divorced population had high sex ratio with large difference between rural and urban. The largest proportion of divorce was in 50~59 age group, higher proportion of divorced population in rural. In 1997, among 23.232 million population of age 15 and older, there were 11.805 million male and 11.427 million female. Among them there were 2.603 million never married male and 1.710 million female; first-married male 8.482 million, and female 8.603 million; remarried male 202 thousand and female 269 thousand; divorced male 133 thousand and female 49 thousand; widowed male 385 thousand and female 796 thousand.

The size of family household has been decreased; the proportion of large family decreased and small family increased. The average household size in 1997, Shanxi was 3.69. The major type was two-generation, made 58.10%. There were mainly nuclear families. Among aged family households, there were more singled elderly people. Most of single person households’ members were elderly who lost their spouses.

Aging of Population

By 1990 4th National Census, the population changed from alt to aged type with a faster speed. The aged population increased fast with a large size, and the increase is faster than economic development; the increase is uneven geographically. The sex ratio decreased while oldest old population increased. The ecation level was lower among the elderly. 65.86% of aged population were illiterate or half-illiterate. 50.82% elderly people had spouses, the widowhood rate was 47.00%. The employment rate was 18.24%.

Population Quality

The 1990 National Census shows that proportion of people with secondary ecation level or above increased, and proportion of illiterate population decreased.

Migration and Population Floating

The strength of population migration increased continuously in recent years, e to the stimulation of market economy. There have been more in-migrants than out-migrants inter-province, more male migrants than female. The direction of migration is mainly from rural to urban and mining area. The migrants have relatively higher ecation, and the ecation level of intra-provincial migrants is higher than inter-provincial migrants. There is a large proportion of single people among migrants. The original occupation of migrants is mainly agriculture, and most of them are engage in trade and instry work in destination.

Population, Resources and Environment

Shanxi is the energy and chemical instry base of state. Population growth and economic development have put much pressure on resource and environment. The problems of resource shortage, pollution, and damage to organism¢ s habits are harmful to people¢ s health, and also affect further economic development.

III. Family Planning

History

1. Period of Fertility Control Publicity and Supervision (1956~61)

According to “The Circulation on Improving Contraception and Inced Abortion” by Ministry of Health and instructions by Central Government, Shanxi started fertility control publicity and supervision in urban and areas with high birth rates and high population densities. Some urban couples started to use contraception.

2. Period of Family Planning Initiation (1962~70)

The Provincial Family Planning Commission was established in 1963, after the Central Government¢ s advocating. Most of counties/cities/districts also had local family planning commissions. The Health Department proced “Shanxi 1963 Maternal and Child Health Work Plan”, which emphasized “promote fertility control in areas with high population density.” In 1965, the Provincial Family Planning Commission worked out “Some Policy Issues on Late Marriage and Family Planning Promotion”, gave specific instructions on family planning. “Cultural Revolution” started in 1966 brought the work into a total stop. This is the period of most newborns since 1949, and longest lasted fertility peak.

3. Period of Resume and Development (1971~78)

Shanxi had a Family Planning Leadership Group since 1971. The family planning organizations were established in each level. In 1977, they were transformed into governmental administrative department. The first experience exchange meeting in family planning was held in Gaoping County, to introce the county¢ s experience in combine the family planning with maternal and child health care. There were 3 other meetings in family planning technical experience exchange and family planning research cooperation ring 1974~78, to strength technical ability.

4. Period of Further Development (1979~93)

Shanxi put family planning into provincial economic plan in 1979. “Shanxi Family Planning Regulation” was officially implemented in 1990. The family planning work was brought into progress by disseminating and sharing successful experiences. Taking the family planning work as one of the responsibilities of local government further strengthened the leadership. A provincial wide family planning conference on television was held in 1993. The five level (province, city, county, township, and village) population and family planning management responsibility system was established in the same year.

5. Period of Steady Progress (1994~now)

Under the new situation, Shanxi implemented “three emphasis” in family planning work, and carried out integrated approaches. The publicity and ecation have been paid more attention, the service and standardized management were improved, the new approaches in urban family planning has been searched.

Major Achievements

The speed of population growth has been under control effectively. Compare to the average from 1962 to 1970, the birth rate decreased from 33.1‰ to 16.8‰ in 1997, natural increase rate decreased from 23.10‰ to 10.12‰. Although 1997 was in the third childbirth peak with large base number of population, the net increase in the year was 316.3 thousand, much less than 477.1 thousand in 1970.

People¢ s Ecation Achievement and Health have been improved. The percentages of people who have high school ecation and higher was 1.51% in 1964, 8.03% in 1982, and 10.20% in 1990. The percentage of illiterate and half-illiterate was 33.85% in 1964, 17.86% in 1982, and 11.30% in 1990. The provincial mortality rate was 13.70‰ in 1949, and 6.06‰ in 1997; infant mortality rate decreased from 79.11‰ in 1958 to 39.08‰ in 1990. The average life expectancy increased from 57.16 in 1958 to 69.68 in 1990.

The ideas of marriage and childbearing have been changed. The average firs-marriage age in province level was 17.36 in the 50¢ s, 19.72 in the 70¢ s, 22.04 in 1984, and 24 in 1990. Total fertility rate decreased from 6.14 in the 50¢ s to 2.46 in 1990. People practice family planning voluntarily, take it as a way to keep a happy family and also good for the nation.

The pattern of population reproction changed. The pattern of population reproction has been changed from high fertility, high mortality, and low natural increase in the early 50¢ s to low fertility, low mortality, and low natural increase. The population structure has been changing from young to alt population.

The development of proctive forces was benefited. Have less and healthy children helped couples, especially women, to put more time and energy to participate in social and economic activities.

『拾』 用英语介绍山西

山西，因居太行山之西而得名，简称“晋”，又称“三晋”，省会太原市。“东依太行山，西、南依吕梁山、黄河，北依古长城，与河北、河南、陕西、内蒙古等省区为界”柳宗元称之为“表里山河”。
Shanxi, named in the west of Taihang Mountain, referred to as "Jin", also known as "Shanxi", the provincial capital of Taiyuan city. "East of Taihang Mountain, West, South according to the Lvliang mountain, Yellow River, north of the ancient Great Wall, with the provinces of Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia and other circles," Liu said for "table mountains and rivers".
山西是中华民族发祥地之一，山西有文字记载的历史达三千年，被誉为“华夏文明摇篮”，素有“中国古代文化博物馆”之称。总面积15.67万平方公里，东有太行山，西有吕梁山，山区面积约占全省总面积的80%以上。
Shanxi is one of the birthplace of the Chinese nation, Shanxi has a history of three thousand years, known as the cradle of Chinese civilization, known as the "Museum of ancient Chinese culture," said. Total area of over square kilometers, east of Taihang Mountain, West Lu Liangshan, the mountainous area of about 80% of the total area of the province.
山西行政区轮廓略呈东北斜向西南的平行四边形，下辖11个地级市，119个县级行政单位（23个市辖区、11个县级市、85个县），总人口3610.8万（2012年）。辖区地理坐标为北纬34°34′~40°44′，东经110°14′~114°33′。
The contour in the administrative area of Shanxi Province slightly northeast oblique to the southwest of the parallelogram, under the jurisdiction of the 11 prefecture level city, 119 county-level administrative units (23 city districts, 11 county-level city, 85 county), with a total population of 3610.8 million (2012 years). The area geographic coordinates of latitude 34 degrees 34 '~40' 44 degrees, 110 degrees east longitude 14 degrees 33 '~114'.